EP1565159A1 - Implant, agent therapeutique et micelle - Google Patents

Implant, agent therapeutique et micelle

Info

Publication number
EP1565159A1
EP1565159A1 EP03750604A EP03750604A EP1565159A1 EP 1565159 A1 EP1565159 A1 EP 1565159A1 EP 03750604 A EP03750604 A EP 03750604A EP 03750604 A EP03750604 A EP 03750604A EP 1565159 A1 EP1565159 A1 EP 1565159A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
therapeutic agent
implant
active substance
micelles
implant according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03750604A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter Schmid
Sandra Kipke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universitaet Duisburg Essen
Original Assignee
Universitaet Duisburg Essen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universitaet Duisburg Essen filed Critical Universitaet Duisburg Essen
Publication of EP1565159A1 publication Critical patent/EP1565159A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A61K9/0024—Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
    • A61K9/1075—Microemulsions or submicron emulsions; Preconcentrates or solids thereof; Micelles, e.g. made of phospholipids or block copolymers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an implant according to the preamble of claim 1, a therapeutic agent according to the preamble of claim 19, a use of micelles formed from surfactants and active substance molecules and a micelle.
  • the term “implant” is initially to be understood in the narrower sense to mean an element which can be inserted into the body of an animal or a human being at least temporarily and which, for example, can only perform therapeutic functions but also support and / or joint functions. In a broader sense, however, this also means elements or the like which can be brought into contact with the body from the outside, in particular temporarily.
  • therapeutic agent or “active substance” here means in particular medicinal products or pharmaceuticals on the one hand and medicinal products and other substances to be supplied to the human or animal body on the other hand.
  • medicinal are therapeutic agents or receptor agonists, receptor antagonists, enzyme inhibitors, neurotransmitters, cytostatics, antibiotics, hormones, vitamins, metabolic substrates, antimidabolites, diuretics and the like as therapeutic agents.
  • micelle is used in the narrower sense to denote those aggregates which form surfactant molecules in aqueous solutions above a certain temperature and a characteristic concentration - the so-called critical micelle formation concentration. In a broader sense, this means aggregates of dissolved molecules formed by association.
  • the micelles have characteristic aggregation numbers with a mostly narrow distribution range.
  • DE 199 48 783 AI which forms the starting point of the present invention, discloses an implant with a receiving space for a therapeutic agent, which can escape from the receiving space through a passage element.
  • an open-pore diffusion element in particular made of anodized aluminum oxide, is proposed as the passage element, it being possible for the pore walls to be chemically modified to control the diffusion.
  • a therapeutic agent with very small active substance molecules with diameters that are substantially smaller than the pore diameter is used, a quasi free flow of the material molecules can take place through the pores of the passage element. A precise control of the release of the therapeutic agent or of the material molecules of the therapeutic agent is then no longer possible.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an implant, a therapeutic agent, a use of micelles formed from surfactants and drug molecules and a micelle that a very precise, preferably pressure-independent delivery of especially very small drug molecules of a therapeutic agent by essential compared to the drug molecules enable larger pores, in particular a very precise dosing with the smallest amounts can be achieved.
  • a basic idea of the present invention is to provide active substance molecules of the therapeutic agent with a molecular shell in particular, preferably made of surfactants, in particular with the formation of micelles, in order to enlarge the size, in particular the diameter, and thereby deliver it more easily To enable pores.
  • the casings or micelles have an at least essentially uniform size and / or shape or alternatively a size and / or shape which varies as required.
  • the shells or micelles are at least substantially spherical.
  • the diameter of the shells or micelles is preferably about 1% to 30%, in particular 2% to 20%, very preferably only up to 10%, without a hydration shell, and about 10% to 50%, in particular 20% to 40%, of the hydration shell average pore diameter. This results in a release behavior that is essentially characterized by diffusion and not by a pressure-dependent free flow through the pores.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a proposed
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a pore of a passage element of the implant according to FIG. 1, which is supported on both sides;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an active substance molecule provided with a shell
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a proposed
  • Fig. 5 is a measurement diagram.
  • the implant 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an implant 1.
  • the implant 1 has a receiving space 2 for receiving a therapeutic agent 3.
  • the implant 1 has at least one passage opening 4, which is assigned at least one passage element 5, which is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the passage element 5 is permeable to the therapeutic agent 3 or at least one active ingredient of the therapeutic agent 3.
  • the passage element 5 is preferably open-pore.
  • the passage element 5 has a multiplicity of pores 6 through which the therapeutic agent 3 or at least one active ingredient of the therapeutic agent 3 can pass out of the receiving space 2, in particular only diffuse.
  • the surface density of the pores 6 is preferably approximately 10 8 to 10 ⁇ / cm 2 .
  • the average pore diameter is preferably at most 500 nm, in particular 250 nm to 20 nm.
  • the passage element 5 has a small thickness of in particular less than 100 ⁇ m, in particular approximately 50 to 70 ⁇ m, preferably at least 5 ⁇ m. Accordingly, there is a relatively low diffusion or penetration resistance for the therapeutic agent 3 or at least one active ingredient of the therapeutic agent 3.
  • the passage element 5 preferably consists at least essentially of aluminum oxide, which is in particular deposited or formed electrolytically.
  • the material for the passage element 5 is not limited to aluminum oxide, but in addition all so-called valve metal oxides and magnesium oxide can generally be used.
  • ceramic materials or other materials which have or enable corresponding or different pore formation - for example by laser beams - are generally also suitable.
  • the passage element 5 is preferably supported on at least one side by at least one, for example grid-like, holding element 8. 2 shows an alternative embodiment in which the passage element 5 is supported on both sides by a holding element 8, that is to say is held between two holding elements 8. 1, the implant 1 has a second opening 4, which is preferably arranged at the other, here left end or opposite the first opening 4.
  • This second passage opening 4 is preferably also assigned a passage element 5 as described above, so that a mass transfer between the receiving space 2 of the implant 1 and the outer space surrounding the implant 1 is also only possible through the passage element 5.
  • the two passage elements 5 are kept spaced apart by a preferably annular spacer 9 as an alternative embodiment.
  • the implant 1 has a wall element 10, which is here essentially piston-like and divides the receiving space 2 into a first space section 11 and a second space section 12, the first space section 11 with the first and one passage opening, respectively 4 is connected and the second space section 12 is connected to the second or another passage opening 4.
  • the wall element 10 is displaceably installed in the receiving space 2 in the manner of a piston.
  • a membrane-like or bellows-like design of the wall element 10 with appropriate flexibility, mobility and / or displaceability can also be considered.
  • the therapeutic agent 3 is preferably only filled in the first space section 11.
  • Another means, referred to here as compensation means 13, is preferably contained in the second space section 12.
  • the passage openings 4 are formed in the region of the ends, in particular over the entire cross section, of a hollow cylindrical base body 14 forming the receiving space 2.
  • protective covers 15 are assigned to the passage openings 4, in particular to protect the passage elements 5 used from external mechanical influences.
  • an annular shoulder 16 is formed in the region of each passage opening 4, to which a section 17 with an enlarged inner diameter of the base body 14 for receiving the at least one passage element 5 and associated holding elements 8, spacers 9 and the like is connected.
  • the associated protective cover 15 has a cylindrical projection 18 which can be inserted into the section 17 in a press fit.
  • the protective cover 15 has through openings 19 which have a large diameter in comparison to the pores 6, so that an at least essentially undisturbed flow through the protective cover 15 is possible.
  • the therapeutic agent 3 or at least one active ingredient of the therapeutic agent 3 can then diffuse through the at least one passage element 5, here through the two passage elements 5 of the first passage opening 4 connected to the first space section 11 and into which the implant 1 surrounding body, not shown, exit through the through openings 19.
  • the two passage elements 5 of the first passage opening 4 have pores 6, the pore size and / or the pore wall 7 of which is or are designed such that at least essentially only diffusion of the therapeutic agent 3 or the desired active ingredient of the therapeutic agent 3 through the Passage elements 5 occur out of the first space section 11 of the receiving space 2.
  • the size of the pores 6 is adapted accordingly and / or the pore wall 7 is chemically modified accordingly by means of interaction partners 20 indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the interaction partners 20 are preferably fixed at least in regions on the pore wall 7 and, for example, bring about a hydrophobic or hydrophilic property of the pores 6 or act as functional groups in order to preferably only permit selective passage through the passage elements 5, i.e. essentially the effect of a semipermeable membrane to reach.
  • As functional groups amine, mercapto, carboxy, hydroxyl groups and / or organically modified silanes can be considered, for example.
  • the passage element 5 is the second passage opening 4, which is connected to the second space section 12 of the receiving space 2 stands, designed in such a way that at least one substance, for example water, from the body (not shown) surrounding the implant 1 can penetrate through the passage element 5 into the second space section 12 and possibly mix with the optionally provided compensating means 13, for example saline solution.
  • the said penetration process can also take place without the compensation means 13.
  • the wall element 10, which is designed to be displaceable here prevents unwanted thinning of the therapeutic agent 3 and is shifted in accordance with the change in volume in the room sections 11 and 12.
  • the therapeutic agent 3 or at least one active ingredient of the therapeutic agent 3 emerges from the receiving space 2 and on the other hand a suitable substance enters the receiving space 2 through the second Passage opening 4 or the passage element 5 associated therewith into the receiving space 2.
  • the implant 1 can have a septum 21, as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • the septum 21 can serve for an initial filling and / or refilling of the therapeutic agent 3 or the compensating agent 13. If necessary, two or more septa 21 can also be provided.
  • the septum 21 is an element which is already known from the prior art and has a membrane 22 which can be pierced by an appropriately adapted cannula for filling or refilling the receiving space 2 and then automatically seals again. closes.
  • the therapeutic agent 3 comprises active substance molecules 24 provided with in particular molecular shells 23.
  • these active substance molecules 24 form the primarily relevant active substance of the therapeutic agent 3.
  • the size and / or the shape, in particular the diameter, of the sheath 23 is adapted to the size of the pores 6 in order to determine the delivery behavior.
  • the sheath 23 consists at least essentially of surfactant (s) 25.
  • the therapeutic agent 3 preferably comprises an aqueous solution, the active substance molecules 24 with the shells 23 forming micelles 26.
  • the micelles 26 are preferably at least substantially spherical.
  • the micelles 26 or sleeves 23 preferably have an at least substantially uniform size and or shape.
  • the smallest, medium or largest diameter of the sleeves 23 - without a hydration sleeve - is at least essentially 2 to 200 nm, preferably 4 to 50 nm and particularly preferably 5 to 10 or 20 nm.
  • the size of the micelles 26 with the hydration shell is a maximum of 1/5, 1/4 or 1/3 of the pore diameter.
  • the implant 1 has in the receiving space 2 a solid reservoir 27 which delivers the therapeutic agent 3 or from which the therapeutic agent 3 can detach or form.
  • the solid reservoir 27 consists of active substance molecules 24 and preferably surfactant (s) 25.
  • the solid reservoir 27 is dissolved in particular by the body's own liquids or other liquids in the receiving space 2 with the formation of the therapeutic agent 3, so that the therapeutic agent 3 or active substances then pass through the passage element 5 or the passage elements 5 in the desired manner, in particular as described above, can exit or be delivered.
  • the solids reservoir 27 is dissolved such that the micelles 26 already described or a solution of the micelles 26 in the receiving space 2 is formed from the active substance molecules 24 and surfactants 25, which are preferably in the form of a solid.
  • the solids reservoir 27 has the advantage that an at least substantially constant concentration of the active substances or micelles 26 or other substances in the dissolved state can be maintained in the receiving space 2 over a substantially longer period of time, so that a substantially longer delivery time and / or a a much more constant delivery rate than can be achieved with exclusively liquid filling of the receiving space 2.
  • the solids reservoir 27 can also contain or comprise other suitable chemical substances which in particular support or bring about a desired, preferably uniform solution of the active substance molecules 24 or other active substances.
  • the shells 23 or micelles 26 can be relatively dynamic, in particular with regard to their shape, number of associated molecules 24 or surfactants 25 and / or exchange of the associated molecules 24 or surfactants 25.
  • the preferably at least substantially spherical shells 23 or micelles 26 can possibly also elongate when passing through the pores 6 and / or undergo other aggregation states, for example with lower aggregation numbers. Nevertheless, the sleeves 23 or micelle formation cause the diameter of the pores 6 to be an important, in particular the determining factor for the rate of diffusion of the therapeutic agent 3 through the pores 6 and thus for the rate of release. The dispensing behavior is thus influenced, in particular thereby - at least essentially - stipulates.
  • SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • surfactant 25 is suitable as surfactant 25.
  • the surfactant 25 is selected depending on or suitable for the active substance molecules 24.
  • the aggregation number of the micelles 26 is preferably at least 10, in particular at least 50, preferably at least 100 and very particularly preferably about 150 or more.
  • the molar ratio of the active substance molecules 24 to the surfactants 25, in particular in the solids reservoir 27, is at least 1:10, in particular at least 1:50, preferably at least 1: 100 and very particularly preferably about 1: 150 or (possibly essential ) more.
  • a loose mixing body is arranged in the be net, which has a substantially greater or lesser density than the therapeutic agent 3 in the receiving space 2 and accordingly moves in the receiving space 2 when the implant 1 moves.
  • several, for example spherical, mixing bodies, for example glass or ceramic balls, can also be provided in the receiving space 2 in order to improve the loosening and / or mixing.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the results of an experiment.
  • the total mass of active substance or drug molecules 24 delivered is shown over the test period.
  • Crystal violet was used as the active ingredient or for the active ingredient molecules 24 and SDS as the surfactant 25 in a solid reservoir 27.
  • the molar ratio of crystal violet to SDS was about 1: 150.
  • An elongated Aufhahmekö ⁇ er was used, essentially corresponding to the implants 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, but with only one passage element 5.
  • the sample or receiving body was moved, in particular weighed, during the experiment.
  • the diagram according to FIG. 5 shows that the delivery rates are clearly dependent on the pore diameters (200 nm, 50 nm, 20 nm) of different passage elements 5 and vary accordingly.
  • the sheaths 23 or the micelle formation leads to the desired dependence of the delivery rate on the pore diameter and thus to their decisive influence or definition.
  • micelles 26 is not only limited to use in implants 1, but rather can generally be used in any diffusion processes through pores 6, in particular in general for the metering of active substances or active substance molecules 24 ,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un implant, un agent thérapeutique, une utilisation de micelles constituées de tensioactifs et de molécules d'agents actifs, et une micelle. Pour obtenir des propriétés de diffusion définies au travers de pores d'un élément perméable, les molécules d'agents actifs sont enveloppées de tensioactifs.
EP03750604A 2002-11-14 2003-09-23 Implant, agent therapeutique et micelle Withdrawn EP1565159A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10253326 2002-11-14
DE10253326 2002-11-14
DE10254801 2002-11-22
DE10254801 2002-11-22
PCT/EP2003/010566 WO2004043425A1 (fr) 2002-11-14 2003-09-23 Implant, agent therapeutique et micelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1565159A1 true EP1565159A1 (fr) 2005-08-24

Family

ID=32313564

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03750604A Withdrawn EP1565159A1 (fr) 2002-11-14 2003-09-23 Implant, agent therapeutique et micelle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20060039948A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1565159A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003270244A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004043425A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4146499A (en) * 1976-09-18 1979-03-27 Rosano Henri L Method for preparing microemulsions
US5034229A (en) * 1988-12-13 1991-07-23 Alza Corporation Dispenser for increasing feed conversion of hog
US5843172A (en) 1997-04-15 1998-12-01 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Porous medicated stent
ES2226191T3 (es) * 1997-11-07 2005-03-16 Rutgers, The State University Copolimeros de poli (oxido de aquileno) estrictamente alternantes.
FR2774096B1 (fr) * 1998-01-29 2000-04-07 Virsol Nouveaux copolymeres tensioactifs a base de methylidene malonate
DE19948783C2 (de) 1999-02-18 2001-06-13 Alcove Surfaces Gmbh Implantat
IL160957A0 (en) * 2001-09-28 2004-08-31 Solubest Ltd Water soluble nanoparticles of hydrophilic and hydrophobic active materials

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004043425A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003270244A1 (en) 2004-06-03
US20060039948A1 (en) 2006-02-23
WO2004043425A1 (fr) 2004-05-27

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