EP1561891A2 - Swinging mechanism for opening and closing a door with a door leaf and a door frame, especially for a vehicle door - Google Patents

Abstract

Pivoting mechanism comprises a main parallelogram drive having a front main crank arm (1) and a rear main crank arm (2) located on a door frame on one side and on a door leaf on the other side. The main parallelogram drive has adjusting units to change the geometry. Preferred Features: The adjusting units are in a position to increase the effective length of the front main crank arm when fitting the door leaf to the frame.

Description

Typically, the door panel of a vehicle door is so on struck the post of a door frame that it to the Opening the door pivoted about a fixed vertical axis becomes.

Such a mechanism is easy to implement. He but has u.a. the disadvantage that for full release the door opening the door leaf swung by 90 ° to the outside must be, but this is not always possible. But even if this is the case, it is blocked because of the Thickness of the door leaf whose cross section is part of Door opening.

Therefore, sliding doors have already been proposed. where the door leaf moves parallel to the door opening while leading away from the door opening Rails is guided.

But such a leadership has the disadvantage that the Rails open with the door closed and therefore easily pollute.

The invention is thus based on the problem of opening a door create, whose door opening as possible with the door open is largely free, their mechanism easy to implement is and which needs little maintenance.

To solve the problem, the invention provides a pivoting mechanism for opening and closing a door consisting of a door leaf and a door frame in which
a Hauptparallelogrammgetriebe with a front main crank arm and a rear main crank arm is provided, which are each mounted on the one hand on the door frame and on the other hand on the door leaf, wherein the door frame side mounting of the front main crank arm is close to the door opening, and wherein
the Hauptparallelogrammgetriebe having adjusting means with which the geometry is variable such that when approaching the door leaf to the door frame of the door frame side bearing point of the front main crank arm is moved in addition to belonging to the basic geometry pivotal movement in the direction of the adjacent door frame section.

When using a pure Hauptparallelogrammgetriebes according to the first feature, the door leaf would Open and close always aligned parallel to the door opening led, because the sides of the door leaf, at which the main crank arms are stored, each on one Circular path around the axles of the main crank arms on the door frame to be moved. In this way, the door opening can be completely clear.

However, the problem with such a trajectory is the locking of the door leaf. Because of the Kinematics of a parallelogram transmission the movement of the Door leaf near the door opening is approximately perpendicular to it, are locks on both door edges with movable Provide bars, which is a receptacle for a pin lock a door as soon as the door leaf in the Door opening is located. Because such a lock both on front door edge and at the rear edge of the door necessary is the effort to lock the door in the door frame very expensive. Therefore, the invention provides an embodiment according to the second feature.

Accordingly, the clou of the invention thus consists in that Geometry of the main parallelogram gearbox. In particular, the parallelogram should be stretched, when the door leaf of the closed position in the door frame approaches or is in this closed position. Thereby becomes the result of the basic geometry Circular movement of the front edge of the door leaf, in the the pin is located, a longitudinal movement superimposed, so that the geometry of z. B. from a pin and a Socket existing lock so be designed can that the pin on the door leaf in the in the door leaf level lying jack is inserted so that he - in Viewed transversely to the door frame level - behind one is formed by the socket wall barrier formed. So that can at least in an attempt to break the door easily torn across the door frame plane out of the door frame become.

The change of geometry can be done either by a Change in the effective length of the front main crank arm or by a displacement of the rear bearing point of the main crank arm towards the frame section take place in which the lock is located.

For the first alternative offers z. B. on, the Main crank arm to perform as a telescopic rod, wherein by a arranged in the telescopic rod spring the Both telescopic rod parts are pressed apart. To control this as a function of the closing movement, a backdrop is provided in which a sliding block which is guided with one of the telescopic rod parts connected is. At the end of the closed position allows the Backdrop, that the two telescopic rod parts apart move, which extends the main crank arm becomes.

Another possibility is the front one Main crank arm composed of two levers of approximately equal length to put the hinged together by a hinge are connected. A tension spring holds the two levers in a slightly bent position, so that the length of the Main crank arm, defined by the distance between its bearing points, is shortened. The two levers will be shortly before completely closing the door against the force of Tension spring brought into a more stretched position by the rear main crank arm presses against one of the levers. This design is relatively easy to implement. Around make sure the levers are otherwise kinked Maintain position, a locking device is provided, which is also operated by the main crank arm.

As already mentioned, there is another solution, one the bearing points of the front main crank arm, preferably whose bearing point on the door frame, to move. This can be a fixed bearing pin, in a Slotted hole on the front main crank arm slides, inserted become. By means of a spring between the bearing pin and The crank arm are thus biased against each other, that the bearing pin in a position of the slot located at the two bearing points of the main crank arm on the door leaf or on the door frame relatively close to each other lie. An extension, d. H. a shift of the bearing pin in the slot to increase the distance between the bearing points, carried out by a forced operation of the pin in the socket on the door frame. Around Allow stretching when closing the door and otherwise To prevent is a locking device between the bearing pin and main crank arm, preferably from a ring with a recess and one in the recess matching catch exists.

To shift the door frame side bearing point can but also be a stationary backdrop be formed in the a sliding block on the front main crank arm slidable is stored. The control of the shift can thereby be done by means of a handlebar, the rotatable at the rear Main crank arm is attached. The rear bearing point of the Main crank arm but can also be stored on a control lever be, with the adjustment of the control lever also with a handlebar, the main bearing pivotally connected takes place. The bearing of the handlebar on the control lever can with the bearing axis of the Main crank arm at the control lever match or off to be different.

In a door, especially in a vehicle door, be both at the bottom and at the top thereof Swing mechanisms provided. These will be then preferably synchronized with each other.

The pivoting mechanism may also be suitable be combined with a longitudinal guide of the door.

A further embodiment of the invention with a Hauptparallelogrammgetriebe consisting of a front Main crank arm and a rear main crank arm, respectively on the one hand on the door frame and on the other hand on the door leaf are stored, with the door frame side storage the front main crank arm is done near the door opening, sees a control parallelogram between the frame-side end of the front main crank arm and the door frame, wherein the control cranks in the Closed position of the mechanism approximately perpendicular to Door opening plane are aligned.

This has the following effect: The pivot axis to the the front main crank arm turns is not stationary on the frame, but movable and leads due to the orientation the control crank when opening the door first a parallel movement to the door opening through. This has to Follow that the front edge of the door, at the front Main crank is rotatably mounted, a corresponding movement performs, allowing for locking this edge of the door only one pin is necessary, in an appropriate Bush is inserted in the door frame. spigot and socket are aligned parallel to the door opening, which As a result, this door edge in the closed Position can not be moved perpendicular to the door opening can. On a separate bar can thus at this Be waived.

Since the storage of the front main crank arm on the door leaf and thus the front door leaf edge when opening the door initially remains essentially in the door opening plane, inevitably has the rear door leaf edge one Move vertically, which results in that here is a classic castle with a movable one Latch must be provided to the door in the frame against secure unauthorized opening. Since the depth of the socket to Recording of the pin is not very large, need the Steering cranks only just to be as long as just pulling out of the pin from the corresponding socket accomplish.

Upon further issue of the door, d. H. at larger Swivel angles of the main crank arm, the front must Main crank arm in a pivoting movement, which leads to the The result is that the two control cranks intersect, whereby the two main crank arms are approximately the same perform directed movements, even up to relative large opening angles, where the door leaf is far out led out of the door opening. To the crossover too Reach the control cranks in different levels be arranged. To continue the connection of the front Main crank arm to the frame possible torsion free It is suggested that each control crank in pairs, with an upper control crank at the top of the main crank arm and a lower one Control crank at the bottom of the main crank arm is articulated.

The rear main crank arm is due to the intended Kinematics of the swivel mechanism removed from the door opening articulated in a fixed axis on the door frame. In order to he does not appear when the door is closed, it lies in a corresponding groove in the door frame.

This also has the advantage that when the door is closed the groove is filled in by the rear main crank arm and thus secured against contamination.

To the door opening, the groove is recessed, so that a receiving chamber for the Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe forms.

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der vordere Hauptkurbelarm als Teleskopstange ausgeführt ist,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Mechanismus nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der vordere Hauptkurbelarm aus zwei gegeneinander verspannten Hebeln gebildet ist,

Fig. 4a, b, c

die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 mit einer jeweils unterschiedlich ausgeführten Sperreinrichtung für die beiden Hebel,

Fig. 5a, b

eine dritte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der vordere Hauptkurbelarm verschieblich auf einem türrahmenseitigen Lagerstift angeordnet ist (Fig. a und b zeigen verschiedene Stellungen des Hauptkurbelarmes auf dem Lagerstift),

Fig. 6

eine vierte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der vordere Hauptkurbelarm türrahmenseitig auf einem Steuerhebel gelagert ist,

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Ausführung nach Fig. 6,

Fig. 8

eine fünfte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der vordere Hauptkurbelarm türrahmenseitig in einer Kulisse geführt ist,

Fig. 9

eine siebte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei der der vordere Hauptkurbelarm mit einem Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe gekoppelt ist,

Fig. 10

eine Detaildarstellung des Mechanismus nach Fig. 9 bezogen auf sein Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe bei geschlossener Tür,

Fig. 11

eine Detaildarstellung des Mechanismus nach Fig. 9 bei geöffneter Tür,

Fig. 12

eine entsprechende Detaildarstellung bezogen auf das Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe und

Fig. 13

einen Schnitt durch ein mit dem Mechanismus nach Fig. 10 verbundenes Türblatt, wobei ein mit dem Türblatt verbundener Schließzapfen in einer Schließbewegung ist.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. To show:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of the invention, in which the front main crank arm is designed as a telescopic rod,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of the mechanism of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a second embodiment of the invention, wherein the front main crank arm is formed of two mutually braced levers,

Fig. 4a, b, c

3 with a differently designed locking device for the two levers,

Fig. 5a, b

a third embodiment of the invention, wherein the front main crank arm is slidably mounted on a door frame side bearing pin (Figures a and b show different positions of the main crank arm on the bearing pin),

Fig. 6

A fourth embodiment of the invention, in which the front main crank arm is mounted on the door frame side on a control lever,

Fig. 7

a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 6,

Fig. 8

a fifth embodiment of the invention, in which the front main crank arm is guided on the door frame side in a backdrop,

Fig. 9

A seventh embodiment of the invention, in which the front main crank arm is coupled to a control parallelogram transmission,

Fig. 10

a detailed view of the mechanism of FIG. 9 with respect to his Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe with the door closed,

Fig. 11

a detailed view of the mechanism of FIG. 9 with the door open,

Fig. 12

a corresponding detail with respect to the Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe and

Fig. 13

a section through a door panel connected to the mechanism of FIG. 10, wherein a locking pin connected to the door leaf is in a closing movement.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the pivoting mechanism, wherein the front main crank arm 1 as a telescopic rod 30 is executed. With 2 is the rear main crank arm described here slightly bent executed is. The front ends of the two crank arms 1 and 2 are pivotally connected to a door leaf carrier 17. The rear ends are each pivotally on one of two superimposed discs 32 a, b existing Bearing 31 mounted, wherein the two crank arms 1, 2 are located between the discs 32 a, b.

The telescopic rod 30 consists of a front part 33rd and a rear part 34. At the front part 33, which with the door leaf carrier 17 is connected, there is a Cross pin 35, in a backdrop 36 in the two Slices 32 a, b of the bearing block 31 is guided. Of the Main part of the link 36 extends arcuately to the bearing axis the rear telescopic part 34 on the bearing block 31, so that when the front main crank arm 1 a corresponding Angular segment passes through the telescopic rod 30th no change in length experiences. In the end, has the backdrop 36 a forward projection 37 which allows that the telescopic rod 30 due to a in her arranged compression spring 38 extended. This will the parallelogram formed by the two main cranks 1, 2 slightly stretched in the final phase of the closing movement, which is sufficient that at the front end of the Door leaf trained pin 21 of the door lock a Longitudinal movement runs parallel to the door leaf level.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the mechanism.

Figure 3 shows a solution in which the front main crank arm 1 consists of two levers 40, 41, which at their to each other abutting ends stored in a hinge 43 are. By means of a tension spring 44, the two levers 40, 41 in a slightly bent basic position against each other braced. At the rear lever 41 is a Stop 45, the rear main crank arm 2 to the plant comes as soon as the door leaf approaches the door frame. If so, the rear main crank arm pushes 2 against the stop 45 and causes the two levers 40, 41 against the force of the tension spring 44 in a stretched Position, which is an extension of the front main crank arm 1 means. That puts the effect, as already described for Figure 1 is.

The stopper 45 is designed as a cylindrical pin, which can slide on the main crank arm 1 along. To the reduce the frictional forces even further, the pin 45 can be rotatably mounted about its vertical axis be. So that the two main crank arms 1, 2 overlap can, the rear main crank arm 2 in cross section U-shaped and open to the front main crank arm 1, so that this in the thus formed slot of the rear Main crank arm 2 can dip.

To avoid the front main crank arm when open Door despite the bias by the tension spring 44 changes its angular position, is a blocking means intended. This consists of a figure 4a Locking lever 50 which is rotatably mounted on the rear lever and a locking head 51 between two stops 52 immersed in the hinge 43. By a Locking lever spring 53 it is biased in this blocking position. On the locking lever 50 is another stop 54, also from the rear main crank arm 2 is pressed. Compared to the stop 45 on the lever of But he stands out first, so first the locking lever 50 is released before by investment of the rear main crank arm 2 of the main crank arm 1 is stretched can be.

According to Figure 4a, the locking lever spring 53 as a tension spring educated. But it can also according to Figure 4b as a compression spring be educated. FIG. 4c shows a further embodiment the locking device with one of a compression spring loaded locking pin 55, which in a similar way as the locking head 51 locks the hinge 43. The unlocking takes place by means of a ramp 56 on the rear main crank arm 2, the locking pin 55 against the pressure of Push spring back.

The embodiments described below effect the change of the geometry of the parallelogram by a change in position of the frame-side bearing point of the front main crank arm 1. According to the perspective Representation of the figures 5a, 5b has to the front main crank arm 1, which is executed here in one piece is, at the rear end of a slot 60, in the one on the door frame mounted bearing pin 61 protrudes. By means of a Tension spring 62, on the one hand on the main crank arm 1 and on the other hand fixed with a tab 63 on the bearing pin 61 is, the main crank arm 1 is pulled into position, in which the bearing pin 61 in a front Area of the slot is located so that the distance between the front and the rear bearing point of the front Main crank 1 has a basic position. At the Closing is the door leaf carrier 17 through the guide of the pin 21 in the socket 22 on the door frame a movement imposing an extension of the parallelogram equivalent. In this case, the bearing pin 61 slides in Slot 60 in a rear position, as shown in Fig. 5b is shown.

To allow this sliding movement when closing the door and otherwise avoid is at the rear bearing point of the front main crank arm 1 a locking device set up with the extended parallelogram is free to allow just this extension. For this purpose, a latch 64 is integrally formed on the front main crank arm 1, behind the pivoting of the main crank arm 1 behind a half-ring 66 attached to the bearing pin 61 located: Is the door leaf just before or in the Closed position, the latch 64 is completely beside the half-ring 66 for lying and can past this be moved radially outwards, so that the front Main crank arm 1 is moved so that the bearing pin 61 in the slot 60 moves backwards (Fig. 5b) and thus the distance between the two bearing points of the Main crank arm is increased.

Another adjustment of the rear bearing point for the front main crank arm 1 is that the bearing pin 61 - by means of a control lever - pivotable or slidably mounted in a backdrop is.

In order to realize the first alternative, according to FIG. 6 the rear end of the front main crank arm 1 with a Control lever 70 connected in a fixed bearing point is pivotally mounted on the door frame. The angular position the control lever 70 determines the position of the rear Bearing axle 71 of the front main crank arm 1. The adjustment the control lever 70 can by means of a link 72, which is connected to the rear main crank arm 2 is. In this case, the bearing point of the link 72 on Control lever 70 either in accordance with Figure 6, 7 closer to the stationary Fulcrum of the control lever are as the bearing point of the front main crank arm 1 on the control lever 70th or - which is not shown in detail - with the bearing point of the front main crank arm 1 on the control lever 70 match.

Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of a concrete Embodiment of the schematic diagram of FIG. 6.

In a slotted guide according to Figure 8, the bearing pin 61 executed as a sliding block, in an am Door frame fixed trained backdrop 73 slidable is stored. The one connected to the rear main crank arm 2 Handlebar 72 is connected to the sliding block and moves this and thus the rear bearing point of the front main crank arm 1 according to the angular position of the rear main crank arm 2.

Figures 9 and 11 show a plan view of the section by a further embodiment of the invention Mechanism consisting of a main parallelogram gear, a front main crank arm 1 and a rear main crank arm 2 has. These are swiveling mounted on a door opening 5 surrounding a door frame 3.

For the rear main crank arm 2 is a storage 4 with a fixed axis away from the door opening 5 provided and for the front main crank arm 1 a Control parallelogram transmission 6 near the door opening 5. The each free ends of the main crank arms 1, 2 are with the front or rear end of a door leaf carrier. 7 connected.

Typically, a door leaf will have two such mechanisms held and operated, the door leaf carrier a lower mechanism on the lower edge of the door leaf and the door leaf carrier 7 of an upper mechanism the lower edge of the door leaf is attached.

As can be seen in more detail from the detailed illustration of FIG can, there is the Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe 6 also from two short control cranks 10, 11, respectively two times as lower and upper control crank available are. The ends of the control cranks 10, 11 are on the one hand pivotable on the door frame 3 and on the other hand pivotally mounted on the main crank arm 1 in pivot axes.

When the door is closed (which is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10) is) the control cranks 10, 11 parallel to each other and aligned perpendicular to the door opening 5, wherein the pivoting axes roughly on the corners of an imaginary Square lie. This means that the distances of the respective pivot axes on the door frame 3 and at the front Main crank arm 1 about the size of the control cranks 10, 11 are long.

The control cranks 10, 11 are also, as shown in FIG 10 can be seen, arranged in different levels, so that they can overlap. This is located under the one control crank 11 on the pivot axis on Hauptkurbelarm 1 a spacer sleeve 12, whose height in about the height of the other control crank 10 corresponds, so that, as can be clearly seen in Figure 12, the control cranks 10, 11 can also be crossed over.

Referring again to FIG. When closed Door are the two main crank arms 1, 2 lined up in a row, when opening the door, so when Pressing the mechanism forces the control parallelogram gearbox 6 first one to the door opening 5 parallel Movement of the frame-side end of the main crank arm 1 in the direction of arrow 14, from the entire main crank arm 1 is taken over, leaving a pin on one with the mechanism connected door leaf also parallel to Door opening 5 is moved.

The rear main crank arm 2 pivots according to the Arrow 15 counterclockwise, leaving the door leaf carrier 7 and the associated door first one Pivoting movement in a clockwise direction.

Because of the brevity of the control cranks 10, 11, the parallel movement can only be short, then the front Main crank arm 1 as well as the rear main crank arm 2 pivoted counterclockwise. This inevitably means that the cranks of the Steuerparallelogrammgetriebes 6, as shown in Figure 12 overlap.

So as soon as the initial parallel movement of the front Main crank 1 is completed, lead the two Main crank arms 1, 2 for a parallelogram typical, uniform pivoting movement, the most just a little out of phase, since the pivot point or the pivot axis for the front main crank arm 1 is not fixed, but by the Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe 6 is steadily shifted. This pivoting movement should be illustrated by the arrows 16 in Figure 11 become. The control cranks migrate into a Receiving chamber 18 in the door frame 3, wherein the ideal Pivot point of the front main crank arm 1 on the door frame 3 moves inwardly relative to the door opening while the front main crank arm 1 pivots itself outwards. As a result, the main crank arm 1 does not protrude when opening far away from the door frame 3, as with a fixed linkage the case would be, which reduces the space for the pivoting movement of the door is needed.

In the figure 13 is a cross section through a with a Door leaf carrier 7 connected door leaf 20 shown. This carries at its front edge a pin 21, which is aligned parallel to the door opening 5. He is in successive, overlapping positions shown, he in the initial phase of an opening movement or in the final phase of a closing movement. In the closed position, by the representation the door leaf carrier 7 mediated in the position "A" is, the pin 20 fits snugly into a socket 22 in Frame 3. When moving to position "B", the pin passes 21 a movement that in the very first phase in the essentially parallel to the door opening according to arrow 14 (see also Fig. 1) takes place. But the movement is not can run completely parallel, the socket 22nd and the pin 21 each tapered, the shape being determined by the envelope of the trajectory is.

FIG. 13 thus represents the different positions of the 21 pin when you open the door. It can be seen that these are led out of the frame 3, in a direction parallel to the door opening 5, wherein the door leaf 20 itself first a pivoting movement in a clockwise direction performs.

This kinematics causes the pin 21 in the Closed position of the door in the tapered bushing 22 is introduced. This inevitably results in a Lock based on a movement perpendicular to the door opening plane. An adjustable latch is for this Door edge thus no longer necessary.

Generally it has to be stated that in the case of a vehicle door, the z. B. at the bottom and top with appropriate Swing mechanisms according to one of the previously described Versions is provided, a synchronization the two mechanisms, z. B. by Bowden trains done can.

It should also be noted that the front bearing points the two main crank arms 1, 2 on the door leaf or on the door leaf carrier do not need to be located there directly. Rather, they can also be formed on a rail be on which the door leaf slides in the longitudinal direction. The same applies to the door frame side bearings and the adjusting means described above; these can be arranged on a linear extension on the door frame. This has the advantage that the main crank arms made smaller can be as part of the opening movement by the longitudinal movement of the door leaf on the rail or by a movement of the linear extension parallel to Door leaf level is done.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

front main crank arm

2

rear main crank arm

3

doorframe

4

storage

5

doorway

6

Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe

7 8th 9

Door panel carrier

10, 11

control crank

12 13

spacer bushing

14

arrow

15

arrow

16

arrow

17

Door panel carrier

18 19

receiving chamber

20

door leaf

21

spigot

22

Rifle

30

telescopic rod

31

bearing block

32

slices

33

front part of the telescopic rod

34

rear part of the telescopic rod

35

cross pin

36

scenery

37

projection

38

compression spring

39

lever

40

lever

41

lever

43

hinge

44

tension spring

45

attack

50

locking lever

51

lock head

52

attacks

53

Latch spring

54

attack

55

locking pin

56

ramp

60

Long hole

61

bearing pin

62

mainspring

63

flap

64

bars

66

half ring

70

control lever

71

bearing axle

72

handlebars

73

scenery

Claims (28)

Swing mechanism for opening and closing a door consisting of a door leaf and a door frame, comprising: A Hauptparallelogrammgetriebe with a front main crank arm (1) and a rear main crank arm (2) which are each mounted on the one hand on the door frame and on the other hand on the door leaf, wherein the door frame side mounting of the front main crank arm (1) takes place near the door opening, wherein the Hauptparallelogrammgetriebe has adjusting means with which the geometry is variable such that when approaching the door leaf to the door frame of the door frame side bearing point of the front main crank arm is moved in addition to belonging to the basic geometry pivoting movement in the direction of the adjacent door frame section. Swing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting means are capable of increasing the effective length of the front main crank arm (1) as the door leaf approaches the door frame. Swing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting means are capable of increasing the distance of the bearings of the front main crank arm (1) on the door leaf and door frame as the door leaf approaches the door frame. Swing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the front main crank arm is a telescopic rod (30) whose two rod parts (33, 34) are resiliently biased against each other, wherein the adjusting means allow an extension of the telescopic rod (30) upon approach of the door leaf to the door frame , Swing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the adjusting means of a frame attached to the door frame (36) and guided therein a sliding block, which is fixed to the telescopic rod part (33) connected to the door leaf, are formed. Swing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the link (36) has a main portion which extends in a circular arc around the door frame side mounting of the front main crank arm (1) and projects radially outwardly at its end. Swivel mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the front main crank arm consists of two levers (40, 41), which are mounted with one end on the door frame or on the door leaf and with their respective other end articulated in a hinge (43) are interconnected , Wherein in a basic position of the lever (40, 41) this brought in an angular position to each other and the adjusting means are arranged so that when approaching the door leaf to the door frame, the levers are brought into a relation to the basic position elongated angular position. Swing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that the levers (40, 41) are biased by a tension spring (43) in the basic position. Swing mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that the rear main crank arm (2) can be brought into abutment with one of the levers (41) to bring the levers (40, 41) into their extended position. Swing mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that a releasable locking device is provided which defines the angular position of the basic position of the two levers (40, 41). Swing mechanism according to claim 10, characterized in that the locking device blocks the hinge (43). Swing mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that the locking means comprises a locking lever (50) which is pivotally mounted on one of the levers (40) and a locking head (51) which between two stops (52) on the levers (40, 41) and by means of a locking lever spring (53) dips into the gap between the stops and that the locking lever (50) has a stop (54) for the rear main crank arm (2). Swing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the door frame-side mounting of the front main crank arm consists of a bearing pin (61) fixed to the door frame and a bearing formed as a slot (60) on the front main crank arm (1) and in that the adjusting means comprises an angle-coded locking device it allows the bearing pin (61) at a certain angular position of the parallelogram to change its position in the slot (60). Swing mechanism according to claim 13, characterized in that the locking device consists of a half-ring (66) and a bolt (64). Swing mechanism according to claim 14, characterized in that the half-ring (66) on the non-rotatable bearing pin (61) and the latch (64) on the front main crank arm (1) is attached. Swing mechanism according to claim 13, characterized in that a tension spring (62) is provided, which braces the front main crank arm (1) with the bearing pin (61) such that the distance between the door frame side and the door leaf side bearing is as small as possible. Swing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the spatial position of the door frame-side storage by means of a rear main crank arm (2) connected to the handlebar (72) is adjustable. Swing mechanism according to claim 17, characterized in that the door frame side mounting of the front main crank arm (1) on a control lever (70), whose position is adjustable by means of the link (72). Swing mechanism according to claim 18, characterized in that the front end of the handlebar is mounted on the control lever (70). Swing mechanism according to claim 19, characterized in that the bearing axis of the front end of the handlebar coincides with the bearing axis of the front main crank arm (1) on the control lever (70). Swing mechanism according to claim 17, characterized in that the bearing pin (61) of the door frame-side mounting of the front main crank arm (1) is guided in a link (73). Swing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the Hauptparallelogrammgetriebe with a Steuerparallelogrammgetriebe (6) between the frame-side end of the front main crank (1) and the door frame (3) is provided, wherein the two control cranks (10, 11) relative to the closed position of Mechanism are aligned approximately perpendicular to the door opening plane. Swing mechanism according to claim 22, characterized in that the control cranks (10, 11) are arranged in different planes. Swing mechanism according to claim 23, characterized in that each control crank (10, 11) is present in pairs. Swing mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear main crank arm (2) with the door closed (20) in a receiving groove in the door frame (3). Swing mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door (20) provided with the swivel mechanism has a locking pin (21) which can be inserted into a bush (22) in the frame (3) so that in this way the door ( 20) is locked at least at one edge. Swing mechanism according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door-side bearing points are formed on a rail on which the door leaf is held linearly movable. Schwenkmechanismussystem consisting of at least two pivot mechanisms according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they are synchronized with each other.

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