EP1558417A1 - Metallpulverspritzgussmasse und verfahren zum metallpulverspritzguss - Google Patents
Metallpulverspritzgussmasse und verfahren zum metallpulverspritzgussInfo
- Publication number
- EP1558417A1 EP1558417A1 EP03769426A EP03769426A EP1558417A1 EP 1558417 A1 EP1558417 A1 EP 1558417A1 EP 03769426 A EP03769426 A EP 03769426A EP 03769426 A EP03769426 A EP 03769426A EP 1558417 A1 EP1558417 A1 EP 1558417A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- injection molding
- metal powder
- powder
- iron
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004413 injection moulding compound Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OCCN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018106 Ni—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUQFTIVBFKLPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-amino-3-[(2-amino-2-carboxylatoethyl)disulfanyl]propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C(N)CSSCC(N)C([O-])=O QUQFTIVBFKLPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003921 particle size analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
Definitions
- Metal powder injection molding compound and method for metal powder injection molding are Metal powder injection molding compound and method for metal powder injection molding
- the present invention relates to a method for metal powder injection molding.
- Metal powder injection molding (“MIM”, or also with the generic term powder injection molding, PIM, also referred to in the US as “molding”) is a powder-metallurgical process in which the metal powder is produced by injection molding a thermoplastic injection molding compound and usually contains at least 30% by volume of a thermoplastic binder, a molded body is produced, from which the binder is subsequently removed, and which is then sintered into the finished workpiece.
- Metal powder injection molding combines the advantages of shaping by injection molding known from plastics technology with those of classic powder metallurgy. In classic powder metallurgy (powder metallurgy, often referred to as "P / M”), metal powder is used, often with up to 10% by volume.
- Lubricants such as oil or wax are added, pressed to the desired shape, and the pressing is then sintered.
- the advantage of the powder detailing process lies in the freedom of choice of materials. Powder-metallurgical processes can be used to sinter a metal-powder mixture to produce materials that cannot be produced using melt-metallurgy processes.
- a major disadvantage of classic powder metallurgy through pressing and sintering is that it is not suitable for the production of workpieces with more complex geometric shapes. For example, molds with undercuts, that is to say depressions transverse to the pressing direction, cannot be produced by pressing and sintering. With injection molding, however, practically any shape can be created.
- Metal powder injection molding is therefore mainly used for relatively small and complex shaped workpieces.
- d90 value is usually given in the unit micrometer. It means that 90% by weight of the powder in question is in the form of particles with a particle size of at most this d90 value.
- analogous d10 or d50 -Values specified (occasionally the capital letter "D” is used, ie the value is designated as D10, D50 or D90).
- the measured particle size corresponds to the sphere diameter; in the case of non-spherical particles, the measurement method (usually laser light diffraction) necessarily measures an effective diameter of the particles which corresponds to the diameter of spherical particles of the same volume.
- Comparatively fine metal, in particular iron or steel particles are always used in metal powder injection molding of iron. The fine metal particles are comparatively expensive and are difficult to handle due to their tendency to agglomerate and pyrophoric, but they have better sintering properties.
- low-alloy steels in the context of this invention are understood to mean steels with an iron content of at least 90% by weight, that is to say a content of alloy elements of at most 10% by weight
- high-alloy steels are typically considerable are easier to sinter, that is, they are easier to obtain homogeneous and dense sintered workpieces than low-alloy steels.
- iron or steel powder with a d90 value in the range from 0.5 to 20 micrometers is therefore always used, and only very rarely up to a maximum of about 35 micrometers.
- the pyrophoric properties of fine metal particles in powder injection molding compounds can be controlled.
- the fine powders with their tendency to agglomerate usually lead to uneven filling of the mold, and pyrophoricity of the metal powder is intolerable. For this reason, comparatively coarse particles with a d90 value above 40 micrometers are always used in classic powder metallurgy by pressing and sintering.
- EP 446708 A2 (equivalent: US 5,198,489), EP 465940 A2 (equivalent: US 5,362,791), EP 710 516 A2 (equivalent: US 5,802,437) and WO 94/25205 (equivalent: US 5,611,978) disclose various injection molding compositions for use in metal powder injection molding processes, and Metal powder injection molding process in which the binder is removed catalytically from injection molded parts, which are then sintered.
- EP 582 209 A1 (equivalent: US 5,424,445) teaches certain dispersants for use as auxiliaries in powder injection molding compositions.
- WO 01/81 467 A1 discloses a binder system for metal powder injection molding.
- WO 96/08 328 A1 discloses a typical composition for classic powder metallurgy by pressing and sintering with up to 10% by weight of a polyether wax as a lubricant.
- a metal powder injection molding compound which a) 40 to 70 vol .-% metal powder, including at least 50 wt .-%, based on the total amount of metal, of an iron-containing powder, of whose particles at least 90 wt .-%, based on the Amount of this iron-containing powder, an effective one
- the metal powder injection molding compound according to the invention contains a comparatively extremely coarse iron or iron alloy powder.
- the present invention is based on the knowledge that, in spite of the contrary opinion of the experts, such a coarse metal powder leads to satisfactory results in metal powder injection molding, specifically and in particular in the production of sintered molded parts from low-alloy steels.
- the coarse metal powders lead to a very considerable reduction in costs for the metal powder injection molding compounds and their handling is significantly easier.
- the sintered molded parts produced with the method according to the invention have at least as good properties as sintered molded parts produced with classic powder metallurgy, but can also be produced in very complex geometries.
- the metal powder injection molding composition according to the invention generally contains at least 40% by volume, preferably at least 45% by volume and generally at most 70% by volume, preferably at most 60% by volume, in each case based on the total volume of the injection molding composition, metal powder.
- this can be a single pure metal powder, a mixture of different pure metal powders, a pure powder of a metal alloy, a mixture of different metal alloy powders or a mixture of one or more pure metal powders with one or more metal alloy powders.
- the total composition of the powder determines the overall composition of the finished sintered molded part and is selected in accordance with the desired composition, with, as is also customary in powder metallurgy, an adjustment of the desired one Carbon, oxygen and / or nitrogen content of the finished sintered molded part can also take place during the sintering.
- At least one of the metal powders contained in the injection molding compound according to the invention contains iron.
- the iron containing powder is a low alloy steel or pure iron.
- the metal powder in the powder injection molding composition according to the invention consists entirely of iron, optionally with a carbon content in the range from 0 to 0.9% by weight.
- the metal powder consists of a low-alloy steel, the 0 to 0.9 wt .-% carbon, 0 to 10 wt .-% nickel, 0 to 6 wt .-% molybdenum, 0 to 11 wt .-% copper , 0 to 5 wt% chromium, 0 to 1 wt% manganese, 0 to 1 wt% silicon, 0 to 1 wt% vanadium, 0 to 1 wt% cobalt, the rest iron , wherein the total amount of the elements present which are not iron is at most 10% by weight.
- the total amount of the metal powder contained in the metal powder injection molding compound according to the invention is preferably at least 90% by weight of iron.
- At least 50% by weight of the metal powder, based on the total amount of metal powder, in the powder injection molding composition according to the invention consist of the iron-containing powder.
- at least 60% by weight and, in a particularly preferred manner, at least 80% by weight of the metal powder, based on the total amount of metal powder, in the powder injection molding composition according to the invention consist of the iron-containing powder.
- only the iron-containing powder is used as the metal powder.
- iron-containing powder which optionally contain further iron in addition to other elements or even consist of iron.
- master alloy technique a low-alloy steel is produced from iron powder and a powder from an iron-free alloy of the desired alloy elements or from a corresponding high-alloy steel or corresponding mixtures (“pre-alloyed” or “alloyed” powder).
- the metal powder present in the powder injection molding composition consists of an iron-containing powder, the particles of which in turn at least 90% by weight, based on the amount of this iron
- the metal powder in the metal powder injection molding composition according to the invention contains at least 50% by weight of an iron-containing powder with a particle size, expressed as a d90 value, of at least 40 micrometers.
- the proportion of metal powder, which is not formed from this iron-containing powder is any, for the metal powder injection molding suitable metal powder or powder mixture, and is selected according to the desired final composition of the sintered molded parts to be produced.
- the iron-containing powder in the injection molding composition according to the invention consists of particles, of which at least 90% by weight, based on the amount of this iron-containing powder, have an effective diameter of at least 40 micrometers. This effective diameter is preferably at least 50 micrometers and in a particularly preferred manner at least 60 micrometers.
- the iron-containing powder has a d90 value of at least 40, preferably of at least 50 and in a particularly preferred manner of at least 60.
- a very suitable d90 value is 70, for example.
- the d90 value is determined by means of laser light diffraction the standard ISO / DIS 13320 "Particle Size Analysis Guide to Laser Diffraction".
- the metal powders used in the injection molding composition according to the invention are common commercial products.
- the metal powder injection molding composition according to the invention generally contains at least 30% by volume, preferably at least 40% by volume and generally at most 60% by volume, preferably at most 55% by volume, in each case based on the total volume of the injection molding composition thermoplastic binder.
- the main task of the binder is to impart thermoplastic properties to the powder injection molding compound, and an essential criterion for the suitability of a particular thermoplastic as a binder is its removability after the injection molding.
- Various binders and processes for removing binders (“debinding”) from powder injection molded parts are known, for example thermal debinding by pyrolysis of the thermoplastic, debinding by using a solvent or catalytic debinding by catalytic decomposition of the thermoplastic.
- a thermoplastic binder of the powder injection molding composition according to the invention any thermoplastic binder known for powder injection molding can be selected.
- a catalytically removable binder is conveniently used.
- binder systems are usually based on polyoxymethylene as a thermoplastic. Polyoxymethylene depolymerizes acid catalyzed and can thus be removed from the injection molded parts quickly and at comparatively low temperatures.
- the thermoplastic binder preferably consists of a mixture of 50 to 100% by weight of a polyoximethylene homo- or copolymer and 0 to 50% by weight of a polymer immiscible with the polyoximethylene homo- or copolymer, which can be removed thermally without residue, or a mixture of such polymers.
- Such binders are known and for example in EP 446 708 A2, EP 465940 A2 and WO 01/81467 A1, the teachings of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
- the powder injection molding composition according to the invention optionally also contains dispersion auxiliaries and / or other auxiliaries in an amount of up to 5% by volume. It preferably contains at least 1% by weight of dispersing aids and / or other auxiliaries. Dispersing aids serve to prevent segregation processes and are known, for example, from the documents referred to above and from EP 582209 A1, the teaching of which is also expressly referred to here. Other auxiliaries are usually added to influence the rheological properties of the powder injection molding compound. As a further aid, carbon is also occasionally added, usually in the form of graphite or in the form of pyrolyzable polymers, in order to adjust the carbon content of the sintered molding during sintering. These measures are known, for example from the documents referred to above.
- the powder injection molding composition according to the invention is produced in the usual way by mixing its components.
- the preparation is preferably carried out by thorough mixing in the melt or at least in dough form. All apparatuses in which dough-like to liquid substances can be thoroughly mixed are suitable, for example heatable kneaders.
- the powder injection molding composition according to the invention is produced in the form of particles which are suitable for loading conventional injection molding machines, for example extrudates, extrudates, pellets or broken plasticine.
- the powder injection molding process according to the invention is carried out in the same way as conventional powder injection molding processes.
- the injection molding compound according to the invention (the so-called “feedstock”) is deformed by injection molding into so-called “green compacts”, the injection molded parts are freed from the binder (the so-called “debinding”) and the so-called “brown compacts” are thereby produced from the green compacts and the brown compacts become finished sintered parts sintered.
- the feedstock is deformed in a conventional manner using conventional injection molding machines.
- the molded articles are freed from the thermoplastic binder in a conventional manner, for example by pyrolysis or by solvent treatment.
- the binder is preferably removed catalytically from the preferred injection molding composition according to the invention with a binder based on polyoxymethylene, in that the green compacts are heat-treated in a known manner with an atmosphere containing a gaseous acid.
- This atmosphere is created by evaporating an acid with sufficient vapor pressure, conveniently by passing a carrier gas, in particular nitrogen, through a storage vessel with an acid, advantageously nitric acid, and then introducing the acidic one Gases in the debinding furnace.
- the optimal acid concentration in the debinding furnace depends on the desired steel composition and the dimensions of the workpiece and is determined in individual cases through routine tests. In general, treatment in such an atmosphere at temperatures in the temperature range from 20.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. over a period of 10 minutes to 24 hours will suffice for debinding. After debinding, any residues of the thermoplastic binder and / or of the auxiliaries which are still present are pyrolyzed during heating to the sintering temperature and thereby completely removed.
- the shaped body is sintered in a sintering furnace to form the sintered molded part.
- Sintering is carried out according to known methods. Depending on the desired result, sintering takes place, for example, under air, hydrogen, nitrogen, under gas mixtures or in vacuo.
- the sintering and optimum composition of the furnace atmosphere, the pressure and the optimal temperature control depend on the exact chemical composition of the steel used or to be produced and are known or can easily be determined in individual cases using a few routine tests.
- the optimal heating rates are easily determined by a few routine tests, usually they are at least 1 ° C. per minute, preferably at least 2 ° C. per minute and in a particularly preferred manner at least 3 ° C. per minute. For economic reasons, the highest possible heating rate is generally sought. In order to avoid a negative influence on the quality of the sintering, however, a heating rate below 20 ° C per minute will usually have to be set. Under certain circumstances, it is advantageous to observe a waiting time at a temperature which is below the sintering temperature during the heating to the sintering temperature, for example over a period of 30 minutes to two hours, for example an hour, a temperature in the range from 500 ° C. to 700 ° C, for example 600 ° C to keep.
- the sintering time ie the holding time at the sintering temperature
- the sintering time is generally at least 15 minutes and preferably at least 30 minutes.
- the total duration of the sintering process essentially determines the production rate, which is why the sintering is preferably carried out in such a way that the sintering process does not take an unsatisfactorily long time from an economic point of view.
- the sintering process (including heating up, but without cooling down phase) can be completed after a maximum of 14 hours.
- the sintering process is ended by cooling the sintered parts.
- a specific cooling process may be required, for example, cooling as quickly as possible in order to maintain high-temperature phases or to prevent the components of the steel from segregating.
- the upper limit of the cooling rate is reached when sintered molded parts occur in economically unsatisfactorily large quantities with defects such as cracking, tearing or deformation caused by cooling too quickly. The optimal cooling rate is therefore easily determined in a few routine tests.
- any desired aftertreatment for example sinter hardening, austenitizing, tempering, hardening, tempering, carburizing, case hardening, carbonitriding, nitriding, steam treatment, solution annealing, quenching in water or oil and / or hot isostatic pressing of the sintered molded parts or combinations of these treatment steps be made.
- Some of these treatment steps - such as sinter hardening, nitriding or carbonitriding - can also be carried out in a known manner during the sintering.
- the granules were processed with a screw injection molding machine into tensile test bars with a length of 85.5 mm and a diameter of 4 mm (according to MPIF Standard 50, 1992).
- the moldings were catalytically debindered in a chamber furnace at 110 ° C. in a nitrogen, to which 25 ml / h of concentrated nitric acid were metered in.
- the samples were then sintered in an electrically heated oven in dry nitrogen by heating at a heating rate of 5 K / min to 1360 ° C., holding at this temperature for one hour and slow cooling in the oven.
- the density of the samples was more than 7.1 g / cm 3 .
- the metallographic examination of cross sections showed a ferritic / pearlitic structure with elongated pores.
- the carbon content of the samples was 0.5% by weight.
- the samples were heat treated by austenitizing at 870 ° C, oil quenching and tempering at 200 ° C for one hour. Her hardness was then 43 HRC
- the density achieved after sintering was 7.3 g / cm 3 and the carbon content was 0.5% by weight.
- the structure was somewhat more uniform than in the sample from Example 1 and the proportion of elongated pores was lower.
- a hardness of 46 HRC was achieved after the heat treatment.
- the density reached after sintering was 7.6 g / cm 3 , the carbon content was 0.5% by weight. All pores were round and smaller than in Examples 1 or 2. After the heat treatment, a hardness of 55 HRC was achieved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10250526 | 2002-10-29 | ||
| DE10250526 | 2002-10-29 | ||
| PCT/EP2003/011624 WO2004039522A1 (de) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-21 | Metallpulverspritzgussmasse und verfahren zum metallpulverspritzguss |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1558417A1 true EP1558417A1 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03769426A Ceased EP1558417A1 (de) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-21 | Metallpulverspritzgussmasse und verfahren zum metallpulverspritzguss |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060099103A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1558417A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2006505688A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20050059280A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1708372A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003278115A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2503834A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MXPA05003960A (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2005116300A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004039522A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005031669A1 (de) * | 2005-07-05 | 2007-01-18 | Basf Ag | Polyoxymethylene mit Eisenpulver |
| KR100707855B1 (ko) * | 2005-07-05 | 2007-04-17 | 주식회사 엔씨메탈 | 분말사출성형용 금속 미세입자 피드스톡의 제조방법 |
| CN100434473C (zh) * | 2006-02-27 | 2008-11-19 | 南京工业大学 | 一种纳米真空修复剂及其制备和应用 |
| KR20080027171A (ko) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-26 | 세이코 엡슨 가부시키가이샤 | 소결체의 제조방법 및 소결체 |
| JP4420003B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2010-02-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 成形体形成用組成物 |
| JP4483880B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-15 | 2010-06-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 成形体形成用組成物、脱脂体および焼結体 |
| US20100007169A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | Trinh Anh Hieu Nguyen | Vehicle protection assembly |
| DE102008059191A1 (de) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | Schaeffler Kg | Spanneinheit für eine Zugmittelspannvorrichtung |
| BRPI0805606A2 (pt) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-09-14 | Whirlpool S.A | composição de materiais particulados para formação de produtos autolubrificantes em aço sinterizado, produto em aço sinterizado autolubrificante e processo de obtenção de produtos autolubrificantes em aço sinterizado |
| US20100178194A1 (en) * | 2009-01-12 | 2010-07-15 | Accellent, Inc. | Powder extrusion of shaped sections |
| US20120034084A1 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2012-02-09 | Basf Se | Process for producing a turbine wheel for an exhaust gas turbocharger |
| AT12364U1 (de) * | 2010-10-07 | 2012-04-15 | Plansee Se | Kollimator für röntgen-, gamma- oder teilchenstrahlung |
| US9162927B2 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2015-10-20 | Basf Se | Process for producing metallic or ceramic shaped bodies |
| KR101929081B1 (ko) * | 2011-09-07 | 2018-12-13 | 바스프 에스이 | 분말 사출 성형에서 금속 또는 세라믹 성형물을 제조하기 위한 결합제 및 방법 |
| TWI572842B (zh) * | 2012-03-16 | 2017-03-01 | 鴻準精密工業股份有限公司 | 熱管製造方法及熱管 |
| TR201807003T4 (tr) * | 2012-11-30 | 2018-06-21 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Metal enjeksiyon kalıplama ile elde edilen bir kesme boncuğuna yönelik bir manşon. |
| CN103042219A (zh) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 华侨大学 | 一种钛金属眼镜框的成型方法 |
| CN106660119B (zh) * | 2014-06-02 | 2019-02-05 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 生产烧结模制品的方法 |
| CN103981436B (zh) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-11-04 | 海安县鹰球粉末冶金有限公司 | 金属粉末注射成形高强度马氏体时效钢的制造方法 |
| JP6745631B2 (ja) | 2016-04-05 | 2020-08-26 | 三菱重工航空エンジン株式会社 | 焼結体の製造方法及び燃焼器パネルの製造方法 |
| DE102018121902A1 (de) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Isabellenhütte Heusler Gmbh & Co. Kg | Herstellungsverfahren für ein elektrisches Widerstandselement und entsprechendes Widerstandselement |
| CN109986075A (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-09 | 合肥核舟电子科技有限公司 | 一种金属粉末注射成型磁性喂料及其制备方法 |
| KR102392104B1 (ko) | 2021-06-10 | 2022-04-29 | 한국피아이엠(주) | 휴대폰금속테두리 기초제품 및 그 제조 방법 |
| KR102834117B1 (ko) | 2022-04-25 | 2025-07-15 | 한국피아이엠(주) | 금속테두리 기초제품의 제조를 위한 금속분말 사출성형품 및 그 제조 방법 |
| KR102810968B1 (ko) | 2022-04-25 | 2025-05-22 | 한국피아이엠(주) | 금속테두리 기초제품의 제조를 위한 금속분말 사출성형품 시스템 및 이를 이용한 금속테두리 기초제품 제조 방법 |
| KR102834118B1 (ko) | 2022-04-25 | 2025-07-15 | 한국피아이엠(주) | 금속테두리 기초제품의 제조를 위한 금속분말 사출성형품 시스템 및 이를 이용한 금속테두리 기초제품 제조 방법 |
| KR102405771B1 (ko) | 2021-06-10 | 2022-06-07 | 한국피아이엠(주) | 휴대폰금속테두리 기초제품 및 그 제조 방법 |
| CN114378293B (zh) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-05-24 | 东莞市环力智能科技有限公司 | 一种奥氏体不锈钢搅拌头的烧结工艺及不锈钢搅拌头 |
| CN115338405B (zh) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-06-04 | 中南大学 | 一种微注射成形铁基小模数齿轮的制备方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4007345A1 (de) * | 1990-03-08 | 1991-09-12 | Basf Ag | Thermoplastische massen fuer die herstellung metallischer formkoerper |
| DE4021739A1 (de) * | 1990-07-07 | 1992-01-09 | Basf Ag | Thermoplastische massen fuer die herstellung metallischer formkoerper |
| DE4225619A1 (de) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-02-10 | Basf Ag | Alkoxylierungsprodukte |
| DE4314694C1 (de) * | 1993-05-04 | 1994-05-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sinterformteilen |
| DE4435904A1 (de) * | 1994-10-07 | 1996-04-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Spritzgußmasse für die Herstellung metallischer Formkörper |
| JP2955754B1 (ja) * | 1998-06-01 | 1999-10-04 | 有限会社モールドリサーチ | 金属粉末の射出成形用組成物と、その組成物を用いた射出成形及び焼結法 |
| DE10019447A1 (de) * | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-25 | Basf Ag | Bindemittel für anorganische Materialpulver zur Herstellung metallischer und keramischer Formkörper |
-
2003
- 2003-10-21 MX MXPA05003960A patent/MXPA05003960A/es unknown
- 2003-10-21 JP JP2004547537A patent/JP2006505688A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-21 RU RU2005116300/02A patent/RU2005116300A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-21 KR KR1020057006819A patent/KR20050059280A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-21 CA CA002503834A patent/CA2503834A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-21 EP EP03769426A patent/EP1558417A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-21 US US10/533,315 patent/US20060099103A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-21 WO PCT/EP2003/011624 patent/WO2004039522A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-21 AU AU2003278115A patent/AU2003278115A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-21 CN CNA2003801024499A patent/CN1708372A/zh active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004039522A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1708372A (zh) | 2005-12-14 |
| CA2503834A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| AU2003278115A1 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
| JP2006505688A (ja) | 2006-02-16 |
| WO2004039522A1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
| RU2005116300A (ru) | 2006-02-10 |
| MXPA05003960A (es) | 2005-06-22 |
| US20060099103A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
| KR20050059280A (ko) | 2005-06-17 |
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