EP1557498B1 - Bloc de construction en béton pour un mur de soutènement avec une géogrille de rétention - Google Patents

Bloc de construction en béton pour un mur de soutènement avec une géogrille de rétention Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1557498B1
EP1557498B1 EP05001342A EP05001342A EP1557498B1 EP 1557498 B1 EP1557498 B1 EP 1557498B1 EP 05001342 A EP05001342 A EP 05001342A EP 05001342 A EP05001342 A EP 05001342A EP 1557498 B1 EP1557498 B1 EP 1557498B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
prefabricated
elements
geogrid
finished
parts
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05001342A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1557498A2 (fr
EP1557498A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Herold
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Herold Andreas
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Individual
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Publication of EP1557498A2 publication Critical patent/EP1557498A2/fr
Publication of EP1557498A3 publication Critical patent/EP1557498A3/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0283—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features of mixed type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of stackable prefabricated concrete parts for the production of retaining walls of individual elements.
  • U1 is a component for the construction of supporting wall elements in which one or more than one groove is arranged on a cuboid base element at least on a part of its boundary surfaces, said groove (s) for the positive connection of adjoining basic elements a strip-shaped spring is used as a connecting element.
  • a support wall which contains a substantially plate-shaped base element which has a rib running parallel to a side edge, wherein a substantially cuboid connecting element, which is provided with a matching to a rib left groove, is arranged.
  • a disadvantage is that in order to avoid adverse effects on the carrying capacity by erosion a greening is indispensable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved use of prefabricated concrete, with the support walls can be built in a simple way that reduce or avoid these disadvantages.
  • a prefabricated part (1) is used on which at least one continuous groove is arranged, wherein the at least one groove extends over the upper, the lower and over the side surfaces, wherein longitudinally stretched sealing elements can be inserted into the grooves.
  • This prefabricated parts can be mutually sealed in a retaining wall, so that flushing of the earth body can be reduced or avoided by joints between installed precast.
  • At least three grooves are arranged, which are usually parallel.
  • Such prefabricated parts are suitable for use for a retaining wall, in which a plurality of identical finished parts, each with corresponding grooves is used.
  • each finished part (1) a circumferential, longitudinally stretched sealing element inserted such that offset at each crossing point of the bearing joint and butt joint of the support wall sealing elements of each neighboring finished parts against each other and do not overlap.
  • At least one of the finished parts is coupled to one or more other finished parts by means of connecting elements.
  • connecting elements are in each case partially inserted into corresponding recesses adjacent or superimposed finished parts and fastened in the recesses.
  • geogrids of different finished parts are coupled to one another.
  • a uniform Lasesteitung in the earth body allows and local vulnerabilities in the network between geotextiles and soil are bridged.
  • a soil replacement or a cleanliness layer is arranged below a first layer of precast elements. This increases the expected life of the retaining wall.
  • the invention provides for the use of a stackable prefabricated concrete element, which is connected to a geogrid, in particular for the production of supporting walls of individual elements, wherein the finished part has at least one vertically continuous recess into which at least one connecting element can be introduced.
  • the geogrid can be connected to a further geogrid.
  • This additional geogrid can be designed over a large area and anchored deep in the earth. It is advantageous that in the transport state, the finished part only a small-scale and thus easier to protect against mechanical damage geogrid must have.
  • a shell is a glued or welded plastic film.
  • a high stability of the finished part is possible in a particular embodiment by a reinforcement, preferably of structural steel, in the finished part.
  • a body made of lightweight material or in the core of the finished part a cavity is arranged to reduce weight in the finished part. This facilitates the transport and use of the finished part.
  • the body of lightweight material in the finished part extends to at least one side of the finished part and is removable. This can easily create a recess in the finished part without formwork expense, namely subsequently.
  • the aforementioned recess is formed substantially cuboid and forms a recess at the top and at the back of the finished part.
  • This green finished part has a depth which is about twice as large as the depth of the other finished parts of the retaining wall. It is particularly advantageous to fill the cuboid recess with earth, since this earth is directly connected to the back earth body in connection, so that plantings are well supplied with water.
  • the geogrid is cast in the prefabricated part. As a result, large tensile forces from the finished part in the geogrid can be introduced.
  • assembly loops are arranged on the finished part. These allow easy and safe transport and easy processing of the finished part when building a retaining wall.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cuboid prefabricated part 1 which can be used as a control element and has an element width of approximately 1.0 m and an element height and an element depth of approximately 50 cm, which is made of concrete.
  • a geogrid 2 which consists of plastic and has a tensile strength according to static requirement, concreted.
  • the geogrid 2 can be anchored in an earth body.
  • the finished part has two cylindrical, vertical recesses 7 with an identical diameter of about 5 cm, which are completely enclosed in the radial direction of concrete.
  • elongate connecting elements 8 for example steel rods with a diameter of 20 mm, can be introduced and fixed in the course of assembly, for example by mortaring or concreting.
  • the distances of the geogrid 2 are greater than the diameters of the recesses 7, so that they are arranged relative to the geogrid 2 in its gaps.
  • the geogrid 2 may be interrupted in the regions of the recesses 7.
  • a finished part 1 may have a single or a plurality of recesses 7. In the case of a plurality of recesses 7, these preferably have identical dimensions.
  • the individual or several recesses 7 may have any cross-sections, for example, square, circular, polygonal or elliptical.
  • the cross section of a recess 7 may vary along its longitudinal direction.
  • the dimensions of the recesses 7 are preferably so large that they overlap with a maximum offset assumed one another arranged prefabricated parts 1 still with recesses adjacent precast elements 1 by at least the thickness of associated connecting elements 8.
  • each connecting element 8 can be arranged and fastened in the recesses 7 of a plurality of overlying prefabricated parts 1, so that it connects at least two precast elements 1 in a shear-resistant manner.
  • these are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the connecting arrangement of the connecting elements 8 by means of a larger number of smaller recesses 7, which are arranged in the offset direction in lines one behind the other, so that the distances of the recesses 7 specify the possible offset alternatives in this direction.
  • Figure 2 shows a side view of the illustrated in Figure 1, usable as a control element precast 1, which is made of concrete; in the cuboid prefabricated part 1 is a reinforcement 3, which consists of structural steel arranged; the geogrid 2 is concreted in the finished part 1 and occurs at right angles from a back of the finished part 1 in the lower Area off.
  • the length of the geogrid 2 arranged outside the finished part 1 is determined by the static design.
  • the reinforcement 3 is arranged so that the recesses 7 are in between. Alternatively, the reinforcement 3 may be interrupted at these locations.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment;
  • the finished part 1 is formed trough-shaped.
  • the bottom cylindrical recesses 7 are arranged for fasteners 8.
  • a cuboid body made of lightweight material 4, namely polystyrene or equivalent, arranged.
  • a reinforcement 3 is also arranged, which serves to avoid cracking in the concrete.
  • the geogrid 2 is also arranged in the lower region of the finished part 1.
  • the surface structure of the finished parts is arbitrarily adjustable, for example, breakage or as Brettverschalungs Modell. Alternatively or additionally, the attachment of a natural stone veneer is possible.
  • Figure 4 shows a retaining wall, which was erected with precast 1, in sectional view.
  • the finished parts 1 are stacked side by side and one above the other, the lower row of finished parts 1 being placed on a cleanliness layer 5. All finished parts 1 with air-side contact have a back anchorage.
  • the finished parts 1 of the upper three rows have a geogrid 2, wherein the length of these geogrids 2 is different at different heights as a result of a static design.
  • Three of the prefabricated parts 1 shown have a relatively short geogrid 2 on their rear side; These geogrids 2 are each connected to a further geogrid 2.1, which causes a back anchoring in an earth body 6.
  • the geogrids 2 of the finished parts 1, which are connected to a further geogrid 2.1, are formed with a unit length.
  • the finished parts 1 can be arranged vertically and / or horizontally, for example, unfurled or be provided with mortared joints 9.
  • steel rods are mortared as connecting elements 8, respectively, so that their ends are in two different finished parts 1. As a result, they connect two or three finished parts 1 shear stiff. By continuing the pairwise or multiple connection, the entire support wall becomes rigid.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a finished part 1; the core of this finished part 1 is made of a lightweight material 4, which serves to reduce the weight.
  • the formed of lightweight material 4 core this finished part 1 is completely covered by a reinforced with a reinforcement 3 concrete wall.
  • the recesses 7 penetrate all areas vertically.
  • FIG. 6 shows the plan view of a first special part 1.1.
  • this first special section 1.1 is a trimmed from two blocks basic body, which is used for the production of angled in the floor plan support walls.
  • a geogrid 2 is arranged in each case.
  • the special part 1.1 has compatible recesses 7 to the control elements. As a result, it can be connected to other special parts 1.1 or control elements shear resistant.
  • such first special parts 1.1 can have a prismatic basic shape with a polygonal ground plan.
  • Figure 7 shows a second special part 1.2, which is also suitable for the formation of angled in plan view of the support walls, said second special part 1.2 has a prismatic shape, wherein the floor plan of this prismatic body forms a triangle, which is for example isosceles. Also this special part 1.2 has a recess 7 for introduction and attachment of a connecting element 8.
  • FIG. 8 shows the view of a supporting wall formed from a large number of prefabricated parts 1, wherein third special parts 1.3 are arranged on the lateral boundary of the supporting wall shown on the left, which likewise have a prismatic shape.
  • the prisms shown here have a triangular view.
  • the finished parts 1 are each connected in pairs by mortared steel rods as connecting elements 8 with respect to their vertical arrangement layers.
  • the special elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 can be produced at arbitrary angles, so that retaining walls of any desired shape can be produced in the ground plan as well as with any desired edge and head designs.
  • the finished parts 1 can be stacked with or without offset, namely perpendicular or inclined, on a slope front.
  • Figure 9 shows a finished part 1 with two cylindrical, vertically arranged recesses 7 and a rectangular recess 14.
  • the recess 14 extends over the upper and the rear surface of the finished part 1.
  • the depth of the finished part is about twice as large as the depth of the other Prefabricated parts, so that this finished part in the installed state on the air side over the finished parts of lesser depth.
  • the recess 14 serves to receive soil for planting a retaining wall.
  • Such a planted support wall is shown in Figure 10 in section.
  • the greenable finished part has a depth which is about twice as large as the depth of the other recessless finished parts of the retaining wall.
  • the cuboid recess is filled with earth; this earth is directly connected to the back earth body, so that the plantings are supplied with water.
  • Figure 11 shows a finished part 1 before its use, ie in the transport state.
  • a geotextile 2 is embedded in concrete, which is rolled up and fixed by means of a removable cover 13.
  • the finished part 1 is easier to handle in the transport state;
  • the geogrid 2 is protected against mechanical damage.
  • As a shell 13 is a glued or welded plastic film.
  • FIG. 12 shows a prefabricated part 1 which can be used according to the invention with three encircling triangular grooves 10 and the cylindrical recesses 7 described above.
  • the three grooves 10 run parallel and equidistantly over the upper, lower and over the side surfaces of the finished part 1. At the side surfaces the grooves 10 vertical with respect to the basic shape of the finished part 1. It is also possible to produce this embodiment of the finished part 1 without recesses 7.
  • FIG. 13 shows a modification of the prefabricated part 1 shown in FIG. 12.
  • three parallel, equally spaced triangular grooves 10 are arranged circumferentially.
  • the air side of the finished part is formed inclined according to the intended support wall inclination.
  • the recesses 7 are not shown here.
  • the grooves are parallel with respect to the air-side surface of the support wall.
  • the prefabricated parts 1 shown are suitable for use for a retaining wall, in which a plurality of identical finished parts, each with corresponding grooves is used.
  • a circumferential, longitudinally stretched sealing element 11 is inserted such that at each intersection of the bearing joint and butt joint of the support wall sealing elements each adjacent finished parts offset from each other and do not overlap.
  • sealing element 11 a bentonite round cord is used here.
  • sealing members 11 made of rubber or injection hoses may be used.
  • the sealing element 11 is inserted into the first groove 10 viewed from the air side; in the lower finished part 1, the sealing element 11 is inserted into the third groove 10 viewed from the air side; As a result, the sealing elements 11 of adjacent finished parts 1 do not touch.
  • the thickness of the sealing elements 11 is selected and the modulus of elasticity of the sealing elements 11 is selected so that it fills two corresponding grooves 10 of two finished parts 1, wherein a defined gap between the finished parts 1 remains. The front portion of this gap, so the bearing joint is filled with mortar 12. It is also possible to produce this embodiment of the finished part 1 without recesses 7.
  • FIG. 14 shows a further modification of the finished part 1 shown in FIG. 12.
  • four parallel, equally spaced triangular grooves 10 are arranged all around.
  • the air side of the finished parts 1 is formed vertically.
  • a reinforcing rod is shown here, which is concreted in as a connecting element 8.
  • the grooves run parallel with respect to the air-side surface of the finished parts 1.
  • the scheduled offset one above the other to be arranged precast parts 1 is denoted by v. It is important that the spacing of the grooves 10 is also v.
  • the prefabricated parts 1 shown are suitable for use for a supporting wall, in which a multiplicity of identical prefabricated parts, each having corresponding grooves 10, are used.
  • each finished part 1 a circumferential, longitudinally stretched sealing element 11 inserted such that at each crossing point of the bearing joint and butt joint of the support wall sealing elements each adjacent precast parts offset from each other and run do not overlap.
  • sealing member 11 rubber is used here.
  • sealing elements 11 made of bentonite round cord or injection hoses can be used.
  • the sealing element 11 is inserted into the third groove 10 viewed from the air side; in the lower finished part 1, the sealing element 11 is inserted into the second groove 10 viewed from the air side; As a result, the sealing elements 11 of the finished parts do not touch each other:
  • the two adjacent and not shown prefabricated parts 1 of the prefabricated part 1 shown above carry their sealing element in the second and in the fourth joint.
  • the thickness of the sealing elements 11 is also selected and the modulus of elasticity of the sealing elements 11 is selected so that it fills two corresponding grooves 10 of two finished parts 1, with a defined gap between the finished parts 1 remains. It is also possible to produce this embodiment of the finished part 1 without recesses 7
  • FIG. 15 shows a laying plan for finished parts 1 used according to the invention with grooves 10 for a retaining wall in association with continuous bearing joints, with a maximum of three finished parts 1 abutting one another.
  • the laying plan shows prefabricated parts to be laid, in which the numbers of the respective grooves 10 are entered, in which the respective sealing element 11 is to be inserted.
  • inclined supporting walls are erected without offsets using the finished parts 1 shown in FIG. 13 or vertical supporting walls using the finished parts 1 shown in FIG. 12 or inclined supporting walls with offsets using the finished parts 1 shown in FIG.
  • When erecting according to the installation plan shown ensures that at each intersection of the bearing joint and butt joint of the support wall sealing elements 11 each adjacent finished parts offset from each other and do not overlap or touch.
  • FIG. 16 shows a laying plan for prefabricated parts 1 used according to the invention with grooves 10 for a retaining wall in association with continuous bearing joints and with continuous butt joints, that is to say that four finished parts 1 abut one another.
  • the laying plan shows prefabricated parts to be laid, in which the numbers of the respective grooves 10 are entered, in which the respective sealing element 11 is to be inserted.
  • this laying plan inclined support walls without offsets using the finished parts 1 shown in Figure 13 - but with four parallel grooves 10 - or vertical support walls using the finished parts 1 shown in Figure 14 - but without offset - built.
  • At least one of the finished parts 1 is provided with an air-side panel or an optically visible profiling.
  • all finished parts 1 of a retaining wall are optically uniform.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Utilisation d'éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) empilables en béton pour la réalisation de murs de soutènement composés de différents éléments, chaque élément de construction préfabriqué (1) étant raccordé à une géogrille (2), et les éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) présentant chacun au moins un évidement (7) vertical traversant, dans lequel au moins un élément de liaison (8) correspondant est applicable, au moins trois rainures continues (10) étant ménagées sur chaque élément de construction préfabriqué (1), lesdites trois rainures (10) au moins s'étendant sur la face supérieure, la face inférieure ainsi que les faces latérales, des éléments de joint (11) s'étendant longitudinalement étant applicables dans les rainures (10),
    caractérisée en ce qu'une pluralité d'éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) identiques avec des rainures (10) correspondantes sont utilisés, un élément de joint (11) périphérique s'étendant longitudinalement étant inséré dans une rainure (10) de chaque élément de construction préfabriqué (1) de telle manière que les éléments de joint (11) d'éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) adjacents s'étendent décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre et ne se recoupent pas à chaque point d'intersection de joint d'assise et de joint vertical de la paroi de soutènement.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la géogrille (2) est raccordable à une autre géogrille (2.1) pour être rallongée, ou en ce que la géogrille (2) est enroulable en état de transport, la géogrille (2) enroulée pouvant être fixée au moyen d'une gaine (13) amovible.
  3. Utilisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par une armature (3) dans l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1).
  4. Utilisation selon l'une des caractéristiques précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, pour une réduction de poids de l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1), un corps en matériau léger (4) est disposé ou en ce qu'une cavité est ménagée dans l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1).
  5. Utilisation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le corps en matériau léger (4) dans l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1) s'étend jusqu'à au moins une face de l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1) et est amovible, ou en ce qu'une cavité (14) est ménagée dans l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1) jusqu'à au moins une face de l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1).
  6. Utilisation selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la cavité (14) est sensiblement de forme cubique et forme un évidement sur la face supérieure et sur la face arrière de l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1).
  7. Utilisation selon l'une des caractéristiques précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la géogrille (2) est noyée dans le béton de l'élément de construction préfabriqué (1).
  8. Utilisation d'éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes pour un mur de soutènement, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un des éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) est accouplé à un ou à plusieurs autres éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) par au moins un élément de liaison (8), chaque élément de liaison (8) étant partiellement logé dans les évidements (7) d'au moins deux éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) où il est fixé.
  9. Utilisation selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que des géogrilles (2) de différents éléments de construction préfabriqués (1) sont accouplées.
EP05001342A 2004-01-24 2005-01-24 Bloc de construction en béton pour un mur de soutènement avec une géogrille de rétention Active EP1557498B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004001058U 2004-01-24
DE202004001058U DE202004001058U1 (de) 2004-01-24 2004-01-24 Fertigteil aus Beton für Stützwände mit Geogitterrückverhängung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1557498A2 EP1557498A2 (fr) 2005-07-27
EP1557498A3 EP1557498A3 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1557498B1 true EP1557498B1 (fr) 2007-12-19

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EP (1) EP1557498B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE381643T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202004001058U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202006007521U1 (de) * 2006-05-11 2007-09-13 Bodensohn, Karl Heinz Stapelbares Fertigbauteil für die Erstellung einer Raumgitterwand
DE202012012497U1 (de) * 2012-12-06 2013-03-01 Metten Stein + Design Gmbh & Co. Kg Mauerstein und Mauersystem

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE7718T1 (de) * 1980-09-05 1984-06-15 Steiner Silidur Ag Formhohlstein fuer die verbauung von uferboeschungen.
AT377661B (de) 1981-07-02 1985-04-25 Sony Corp Vorrichtung zur beseitigung von zeitbasisfehlern aus einem informationssignal
AT394222B (de) 1987-11-02 1992-02-25 Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh Formstein, vorzugsweise aus beton
DE8811825U1 (de) 1988-09-17 1988-11-10 Wilhelm Rinn 8 GmbH & Co KG, 6301 Heuchelheim Stützwand
US5807030A (en) * 1993-03-31 1998-09-15 The Reinforced Earth Company Stabilizing elements for mechanically stabilized earthen structure
DE20011791U1 (de) 1999-07-03 2001-05-10 Hoy Gerhard Anordnung zur Erstellung von Stützbauwerken und Steilböschungen mit kunststoffbewehrte Erde
AT4473U1 (de) * 2000-02-03 2001-07-25 Heinle Roland Bauteil zur errichtung von wand-, decken-, boden-, stützwand-, begrenzungs-, trennwandelementen od.dgl.
DE20215715U1 (de) * 2002-10-12 2003-02-27 Herold Andreas Fertigteil aus Beton für Stützwände mit Geogitterrückverhängung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202004001058U1 (de) 2004-04-22
ATE381643T1 (de) 2008-01-15
EP1557498A2 (fr) 2005-07-27
DE502005002258D1 (de) 2008-01-31
EP1557498A3 (fr) 2006-05-24

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