EP1556603B1 - Procede de charge d'un actionneur piezo-electrique d'une soupape d'injection et appareil de commande associe - Google Patents

Procede de charge d'un actionneur piezo-electrique d'une soupape d'injection et appareil de commande associe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1556603B1
EP1556603B1 EP03757703A EP03757703A EP1556603B1 EP 1556603 B1 EP1556603 B1 EP 1556603B1 EP 03757703 A EP03757703 A EP 03757703A EP 03757703 A EP03757703 A EP 03757703A EP 1556603 B1 EP1556603 B1 EP 1556603B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure
time
actuator
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03757703A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1556603A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Lixl
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Publication of EP1556603A1 publication Critical patent/EP1556603A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2031—Control of the current by means of delays or monostable multivibrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F02D2200/0604—Estimation of fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/063—Lift of the valve needle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for charging a piezoelectric actuator of an injection valve according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a control device according to claim 1.
  • piezoelectric actuators are used.
  • the piezoelectric actuator has the advantage that it quickly changes its length by charging or discharging.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is used at the injection valve to control the injection process.
  • it is known to control a servo valve with the piezoelectric actuator, which closes a drain of a pressure chamber.
  • the pressure chamber is in operative connection with an injection needle, wherein, depending on the pressure in the pressure chamber, the injection needle closes or releases injection holes.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber is adjusted.
  • a method and a device for driving at least one capacitive actuator are known.
  • the capacitive actuator is formed in a fuel injection valve of an internal combustion engine.
  • the described method charges a capacitive actuator by means of resonant output stages.
  • the resonant output stages have charging capacitors whose capacitances form a resonant circuit with the capacity of the actuator and with the inductance of the charge-reversing coils. From a combustion point of view and to achieve the lowest fuel injection quantities, the shortest possible charging times should be sought, which, however, lead to high noise emissions. Therefore, the charging times are regulated and short charging times predominantly used in those areas where the noise emissions are not bothersome, such as at high engine speeds.
  • the described method and apparatus allow for both shortening and lengthening the charging time of the capacitive actuator of the fuel injector.
  • Out DE 101 58 553 A1 is a driving circuit for a piezoelectric actuator and a fuel injection system is known, wherein the piezoelectric actuator of an injector for discharging fuel is charged, the actuator depending on the state of charge changes its length, depending on the length of the actuator, the fuel delivery is controlled, wherein for Fuel delivery of the charge state of the actuator is changed during a charge time, wherein after a fixed drive time, the charge state of the actuator is brought back to an initial state, wherein the charging time is changed depending on the pressure of the injected fuel, wherein at a higher fuel pressure, a shorter charging time is set.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for injecting fuel with a piezoelectrically operated injection valve.
  • An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the amount of fuel to be delivered does not increase so much with an increase in the activation time of the piezoelectric actuator. This offers the advantage that the injected fuel quantities change less with the activation time. Thus, fluctuations in the driving time, which occur due to system inaccuracies have less influence on the amount of fuel to be injected. This makes the process more robust overall.
  • This advantage is achieved in that the charging time, in which the piezoelectric actuator is brought from a rest load to a working charge, is selected depending on the fuel pressure.
  • the charge time is made longer at higher fuel pressure than at lower fuel pressure.
  • a large increase in the amount of fuel to be injected is reduced depending on the drive time at high fuel pressure.
  • the Activation time at high fuel pressure reduced.
  • the amount of fuel to be delivered no longer increases so much when the activation time of the piezoelectric actuator is increased.
  • the change of the injected fuel amount is kept at a variation of the driving time in limits. Consequently, system-related inaccuracies in the activation time have less effect on the quantity of fuel to be injected.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably used for charging times which lie between 100 and 300 ⁇ sec. With this bandwidth of the charging time sufficient for many applications influencing the change in the fuel quantity is achieved depending on the change of the driving time.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for use in injection systems having a fuel storage.
  • the fuel accumulator supplies fuel to the injector with a definable fuel pressure.
  • the fuel pressure is measured and the charging time of the piezoelectric actuator is adjusted depending on the measured fuel pressure.
  • the inventive method is used in the delivery of very small amounts.
  • very small amounts are understood amounts, for example, less than 20% of the maximum amount of fuel delivered.
  • a large increase in the fuel quantity with an increase in the activation time and the same charging time occur.
  • the large increase in the amount of fuel to be injected at the same drive time can be inventively reduced by extending the charging time at the same drive time.
  • the charging time of the piezoelectric actuator is changed and the charge to be applied to the piezoelectric actuator during the charging time is maintained unchanged.
  • injectors used are very small amounts in the range of less than 5 mm 3 , preferably in the range less than 2.5 mm 3 .
  • a simple realization of the method according to the invention is achieved in that the charging time is read from a map, and that in the map, the charging times are stored depending on the amount of fuel to be injected and the fuel pressure.
  • the inventive method is used in a piezoelectric actuator which drives a servo valve.
  • a piezoelectric actuator which drives a servo valve.
  • experiments have shown that an advantageous effect on the amount of fuel to be injected via a change in the charging time is achieved at preferably constant driving time of the piezoelectric actuator.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a schematic representation, an injection valve 1 with a piezoelectric actuator 2.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 2 is in operative connection with an injection needle 3, the injection ports 4 opens or closes depending on the length of the piezoelectric actuator 2.
  • a transmission module 5, a servo valve 6, a pressure chamber 7 and a control piston 8 is arranged as an operative connection between the injection needle 3 and the actuator 2.
  • the servo valve 6 is in the illustrated embodiment, an outwardly opening valve which controls an outflow of the pressure chamber 7.
  • the servo valve can also be designed to open inwardly.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 2 is biased by a Bourdon tube pressure and connected in the upper part fixed to the housing of the injector. When the piezoelectric actuator is charged with an electric charge, the piezoelectric actuator expands and presses on the transfer module 5 from above. As a result, the transfer module 5 pulls a closing member of the servo valve 6 upward away from the outflow of the pressure chamber 7.
  • the transmission module 5 is designed as an inverse transmission module, which in the case of a change in length of the actuator 2 in the direction of the transmission module 5, a closing member of the Servo valve 6 lifts up in the direction of the piezoelectric actuator 2. In this way, the outflow of the pressure chamber 7 is released.
  • the pressure chamber 7 is supplied via a feed line 9 with a throttle with a fluid at a predetermined pressure.
  • the pressure chamber 7 is also via the movable control piston 8 in operative connection with the injection needle 3. If a high pressure prevails in the pressure chamber 7, the injection needle 3 is pressed onto a sealing seat and thus closes the injection holes 4.
  • an injection chamber 15 is formed, which is hydraulically connected depending on the position of the injection needle with the injection quenchers 4 or not.
  • the injection needle 3 is biased by spring elements, not shown, in such a way that the injection needle 3 wants to lift off from the injection holes 4. If the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 drops due to an opening of the servo valve 6, the injection needle 3 lifts off from the injection holes 4 and releases the injection holes 4. The injection begins.
  • the injection chamber 15 and the supply line 9 are hydraulically connected to a fuel reservoir 10.
  • the fuel accumulator 10 is supplied by a pump 11, preferably a high pressure pump, with fuel at a predetermined pressure.
  • the fuel accumulator 10 in turn supplies the pressure chamber 7 and the injection chamber 15 with the fuel.
  • a pressure sensor 16 is arranged, which detects the pressure in the fuel reservoir 10 and forwards via a measuring line to a control unit 12.
  • the control unit 12 is connected via measurement signals S with sensors of the internal combustion engine in connection, the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine such. B. the speed and the driver's request, ie the accelerator pedal position, capture and forward to the controller 12.
  • the control unit 12 is also via a control line with the pump 11, connected via a data line to a data memory 14 and via a further control line to an output stage 13.
  • the output stage 13 is connected via electrical lines to the piezoelectric actuator in combination.
  • the actuator 2 is charged with the desired electrical charge via the electrical lines.
  • the control unit 12 determines due to the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine such.
  • the controller 12 determines a charging time within which the output stage 13 charges the piezoelectric actuator to a desired charge .
  • the charging process is performed by the output stage 13, which is controlled in the corresponding manner by the control unit 12.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the charge states of the piezoelectric actuator 2 for an injection process.
  • the charge Q of the actuator 2 is plotted over the time t.
  • the actuator 2 Before a first time T1, the actuator 2 has a rest load.
  • the output stage 13 begins to charge the piezoelectric actuator.
  • the charge of the piezoelectric actuator with a maximum value M reaches a working charge.
  • the time between the first and second times T1, T2 is referred to as the charging time.
  • the charge of the piezoelectric actuator remains unchanged.
  • the output stage 13 begins to discharge the piezoelectric actuator.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is discharged back to the initial state until a subsequent fourth time T4.
  • the drive time is the time duration between the first time T1 and the third time T3.
  • Analogous to the characteristic of the FIG. 2 Time-delayed the opening behavior of the injection valve.
  • a short time after the first time T1 the injection needle is lifted from the injection holes, so that a discharge of fuel begins.
  • the injection needle reaches a maximum opening stroke, so that a maximum fuel flow is discharged via the injection holes.
  • a short time after the third time T3, the injection needle moves in the direction of the injection holes and closes the injection holes short time after the fourth time T4.
  • FIG. 3 shows in a schematic program sequence, the sequence of the method according to the invention.
  • the controller 12 detects the data required to control the injector 1.
  • the pressure in the fuel storage 10 is detected.
  • the control unit 12 determines depending on operating parameters such.
  • the charging time is part of the driving time.
  • the charging time is determined depending on the pressure of the fuel.
  • the charging time can be calculated depending on stored functions depending on the pressure or read from a map that is stored in the data memory 14.
  • the fuel pressure is not measured directly, but calculated using the available operating parameters. For example, as an operating parameter, the delivery line of the pump 11, the speed of the internal combustion engine and the amount of fuel to be dispensed from the injection valve can be used to calculate the fuel pressure.
  • control unit 12 calculates the amount of fuel to be injected.
  • the control unit 12 calculates the activation time for the injection valve from the fuel pressure and the quantity of fuel to be injected.
  • the charging time is preferably read from a map which is stored in the data memory 14.
  • the map has a data field which determines the charging time as a function of the fuel quantity to be injected, as a function of the fuel pressure and as a function of the activation time.
  • control unit 12 controls the output stage 13 in such a way that the injection valve 1 is driven according to the determined charging time and the determined activation time.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a characteristic field which shows the amount of fuel to be injected as a function of the driving time for different fuel pressures according to previously known driving method for an injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator.
  • the uppermost characteristic corresponds to a fuel pressure of 1600 bar, a mean characteristic to a fuel pressure of 800 bar and the lowest characteristic to a fuel pressure of 200 bar. It can be seen that, especially at higher pressures, the fuel quantity to be injected increases strongly with the activation time. The large increase in the amount of fuel injected relates to an area where smaller amounts of fuel are injected.
  • FIG. 5 shows a characteristic field, which shows the injected amount of fuel in dependence on the driving time of the piezoelectric actuator of the injection valve. Different characteristics are shown, which were recorded for the same fuel pressure but for different charging times. Three characteristics are shown, which were recorded for the same fuel pressure, but the top characteristic with a charging time of 120 m / sec, the average characteristic with a charging time of 200 m / sec and the lower characteristic with a charging time of 300 m / sec was recorded.
  • the slope of the characteristic is flattened by an extension of the charging time.
  • a flatter characteristic means that a change of the driving time leads to a smaller increase of the injected fuel quantity.
  • the variation of the charging time represents a means for influencing the injection characteristic of the injection valve.
  • the injection behavior of the injection valve can be influenced in such a way that with increasing activation time there is a smaller increase in the injected fuel quantity.
  • the smaller increase in injected fuel quantity as the drive time increases provides the advantage that a deviation from a target injection time calculated by the controller 12 has less of an impact on the actual amount of fuel injected.
  • the actual amount of fuel injected is less affected by fluctuations in the driving time. Fluctuations in the activation time can be caused, for example, by system-related inaccuracies or production-related fluctuations in the electrical properties of the output stage.
  • FIG. 6 shows a characteristic field in which the injected fuel quantity is shown depending on the driving time and which is obtained according to the inventive method.
  • the characteristic field of the FIG. 6 clearly shows that the characteristics increase less steeply with the activation time than in FIG. 4 , In particular, at high pressures, a flatter increase in the injected fuel quantity is achieved with an increase in the activation time by extending the charging time.
  • This in FIG. 6 illustrated injection behavior of an injection valve shows a minimum injection quantity of 0.5 mm 3 .
  • a minimum driving time is shown.
  • various characteristics are shown, the injection quantities over the An horrzeit for different pressures demonstrate.
  • An upper dotted line shows a characteristic curve for a fuel pressure of 1600 bar and a loading time of 300 m / sec.
  • a lowermost dashed line shows the injection quantity dependence of the driving time for a fuel pressure of 200 bar and a charging time of 200 m / sec.
  • the injected fuel quantity is also less dependent on pressure fluctuations. From the comparison of the characteristic 11 of FIG. 4 with the characteristics of the FIG. 6 It can clearly be seen that, with the same activation time, a variation of the injected fuel quantity as a function of different pressures at FIG. 6 is lower.
  • the characteristic curves for different pressures are in the method according to the invention, whose injection behavior in FIG. 6 is shown, much closer together. It is particularly advantageous that hardly any changes in the injection quantity occur in the region of the smallest quantities when the pressure changes.

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de chargement d'un actionneur piézoélectrique (2) d'une soupape d'injection (1) pour la délivrance de carburant, l'actionneur (2) modulant sa longueur en fonction de l'état de chargement, la délivrance de carburant étant commandée en fonction de la longueur de l'actionneur, l'état de chargement de l'actionneur étant modifié pendant une durée de chargement pour une délivrance de carburant, l'état de chargement de l'actionneur étant remis à un état initial après une durée de commande d'amorçage fixée, la durée de chargement étant modifiée en fonction des états de fonctionnement, la durée de chargement étant fixée en fonction de la pression du carburant à injecter, caractérisé en ce que la durée de chargement est choisie de manière à être plus longue lorsque la pression est plus élevée que lorsqu'elle est plus basse.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une quantité de carburant à délivrer est délivrée avec des durées de chargement différentes lors d'une pression de carburant différente.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la durée de chargement est réglée entre 100 et 300 µs.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le carburant à injecter est mis à disposition par un accumulateur de carburant (10) qui est en liaison hydraulique avec la soupape d'injection (1), en ce que la pression du carburant est mesurée, en ce que la durée de chargement de l'actionneur est fixée pour la quantité de carburant à injecter en fonction de la pression mesurée.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la durée de chargement est modifiée lorsque la quantité de carburant à délivrer est inférieure à une valeur minimale.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la valeur minimale est inférieure à 5 mm3, de préférence inférieure à 2,5 mm3.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce la durée de chargement est lue à partir d'un champ caractéristique, en ce que les durées de chargement sont enregistrées dans le champ caractéristique en fonction de la pression du carburant.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une servovalve (6) est commandée par l'actionneur (2), en ce que la servovalve commande un orifice d'écoulement d'une chambre de pression (7), en ce que la chambre de pression (7) est remplie d'un liquide qui est en lien opératoire avec une aiguille d'injection (3), en ce que l'aiguille d'injection (3) est déplacée d'une position ouverte à une position fermée en fonction de la pression du liquide et la délivrance de carburant est commandée par la soupape d'injection.
  9. Appareil de commande qui fonctionne selon l'un quelconque des procédés précédents.
EP03757703A 2002-10-22 2003-10-09 Procede de charge d'un actionneur piezo-electrique d'une soupape d'injection et appareil de commande associe Expired - Fee Related EP1556603B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10249218A DE10249218A1 (de) 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 Verfahren zum Aufladen eines piezoelektrischen Aktors eines Einpritzventils und Steuergerät
DE10249218 2002-10-22
PCT/DE2003/003346 WO2004038203A1 (fr) 2002-10-22 2003-10-09 Procede de charge d'un actionneur piezo-electrique d'une soupape d'injection et appareil de commande associe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1556603A1 EP1556603A1 (fr) 2005-07-27
EP1556603B1 true EP1556603B1 (fr) 2010-01-06

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EP03757703A Expired - Fee Related EP1556603B1 (fr) 2002-10-22 2003-10-09 Procede de charge d'un actionneur piezo-electrique d'une soupape d'injection et appareil de commande associe

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1556603B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10249218A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004038203A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4363331B2 (ja) * 2005-01-17 2009-11-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料噴射システム
DE102007033469B4 (de) 2007-07-18 2017-06-14 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Formung eines elektrischen Steuersignals für einen Einspritzimpuls
KR101427968B1 (ko) 2013-02-06 2014-08-08 현대자동차 주식회사 엔진의 제어방법

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19931238A1 (de) * 1999-07-07 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines kapazitiven Stellgliedes eines Kraftstoffeinspritzventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19945670B4 (de) * 1999-09-23 2006-01-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines kapazitiven Stellgliedes eines Kraftstoffeinspritzventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE60022619T2 (de) * 2000-04-01 2006-03-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laden eines piezoelektrischen Elements
DE10017367B4 (de) * 2000-04-07 2006-12-28 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ansteuern wenigstens eines kapazitiven Stellgliedes
DE10158553A1 (de) * 2000-11-30 2002-06-13 Denso Corp Ansteuerschaltung für einen piezoelektrischen Aktuator und Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem

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DE50312322D1 (de) 2010-02-25
EP1556603A1 (fr) 2005-07-27
DE10249218A1 (de) 2004-05-19
WO2004038203A1 (fr) 2004-05-06

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