EP1554415B1 - Emailliertes uhrenzifferblatt und verfahren zur herstellung - Google Patents

Emailliertes uhrenzifferblatt und verfahren zur herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1554415B1
EP1554415B1 EP03750226A EP03750226A EP1554415B1 EP 1554415 B1 EP1554415 B1 EP 1554415B1 EP 03750226 A EP03750226 A EP 03750226A EP 03750226 A EP03750226 A EP 03750226A EP 1554415 B1 EP1554415 B1 EP 1554415B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enamel
substrate
dial
thickness
white
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03750226A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1554415A2 (de
Inventor
Carlos Dias
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manufacture Roger Dubuis SA
Original Assignee
Manufacture Roger Dubuis SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manufacture Roger Dubuis SA filed Critical Manufacture Roger Dubuis SA
Priority to EP03750226A priority Critical patent/EP1554415B1/de
Publication of EP1554415A2 publication Critical patent/EP1554415A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1554415B1 publication Critical patent/EP1554415B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/06—Dials
    • G04B19/12—Selection of materials for dials or graduations markings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
    • C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
    • C23D5/06—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers producing designs or letters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an enamel dial for a watch, and to a method of manufacturing an enamel dial.
  • Enamel dials have been known for a long time in the field of watchmaking and clock making. Such dials have been used more particularly for clocks, clocks and pocket watches. All these dials are round in shape and the enamel is generally deposited on a copper substrate, flat or curved.
  • non-circular enamel dials pose problems of adhesion and difference in coefficient of expansion between the substrate and the white enamel.
  • a finishing flux which is a transparent enamel layer
  • cracks may occur in the finishing coat, especially in Curved areas of the dial shape, due to the too low hardness of the white enamel that behaves like a moving element.
  • the fondant layer does not adhere to white enamel.
  • the painted coating deposited on the white enamel layer also poses a problem of deformation of the painted lines. This distortion problem is particularly apparent when letters or numbers are painted, especially when it comes to Roman numerals, consisting of straight lines.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned problems in order to be able to remedy the defects found on non-circular enamel dials for watches, more particularly for wristwatches.
  • the present invention firstly relates to an enamel dial for a watch according to claim 1. It also relates to a method of manufacturing a enamel dial for a non-circular watch according to claim 5.
  • the substrate used in these examples is mild steel with a very low carbon content, less than 0.08% and preferably 0.004%. This is cold-rolled sheet for enameling by vitrification.
  • the steels used are designated DC03ED or DC04ED according to the European standard EN 10027-1.
  • the thickness of the substrate is between 0.30 and 0.80 mm and is preferably around 0.45 mm.
  • the degreasing can be done either by burning, by treatment with hydrocarbons, or by alkaline degreasing, followed by several rinses. This operation is followed by stripping with dilute sulfuric acid (60 to 90 g of concentrated acid with a density of 1.84 / 1 of water), for about ten minutes at a temperature above 70 ° C., immediately followed by neutralization in a slightly alkaline bath at 0.3-0.5% Na 2 O at 65-80 ° C, followed by drying with hot air.
  • dilute sulfuric acid 60 to 90 g of concentrated acid with a density of 1.84 / 1 of water
  • the substrate thus prepared is then ready to receive a layer of enamel mass which is on the one hand an adhesion agent between the support and the white enamel covered which will be deposited later, on the other hand allows to balance dilations between the substrate and the white enamel cover.
  • This layer of enamel mass still allows to absorb the gases that emerge from the sheet at the time of cooking.
  • the enamel mass used in the following examples has the following composition, expressed in g: Hard frit 40 20 20 Medium frit 40 40 30 Soft frit 20 40 50 Quartz 10 Clay 6 bentonite 0.25 Sodium nitrite 0.10 Borax 0.50 Magnesium carbonate 0.15 Water 50 to 55
  • the enamel slip prepared with this composition is milled to the desired fineness and density determined experimentally, it being understood that too much fineness increases the surface tension of the enamel and may cause a withdrawal. Then it is passed through a magnetic separator to remove ferrous particles.
  • the mass enamel layer is deposited on the entire substrate (front, back and slice) using a spray gun, followed by drying to remove the water before cooking the enamel. mass. All the usual drying modes can be used, in the open air, in an oven or by radiation.
  • the mass enamel is fired in an electric box oven heated between 760 ° and 860 ° C so as to obtain a uniform coating.
  • the preparation of the white enamel is made from commercial products available in powder form or in pieces. In either case, this product must be milled to obtain a fine powder with regular grains whose size is around 10 to 15 microns.
  • grinding is preferably carried out in an agate mill. Distilled water is added to the powder and the grinding is interspersed with several washes to remove impurities and silt formed by the finest enamel particles that remain in suspension in the water.
  • the enamel obtained is then acidified with nitric acid diluted to 40% (60% acid in 40% water) to dissolve the non-assimilated metallic elements within the enamel, the various salts from enamel during grinding (silt) and to dissolve organic matter that may be suspended in water.
  • the good hardness of the white enamel is the condition for the finishing flux layer does not crack, especially at the level of the curve.
  • the tests carried out have shown that the hardness of the white enamel must be between 5 and 6, preferably around 5.5, on the Mohs scale, used to measure the hardness of the mineral matter.
  • the good hardness of the white enamel is the condition so that the painted features on its surface do not deform.
  • hardness measurement on the Mohs scale is a gross measurement, lacking sensitivity in the case of the present invention.
  • this hardness is adjusted based on the deformation of the paint strokes on its surface, as well as on the absence of cracking of the coating layer. finishing flux, that is to say according to the result obtained.
  • the adjustment of this hardness varies from one enamel to another and can only be determined empirically. For the same enamel, this adjustment is perfectly reproducible.
  • the enamel Once the enamel has been milled to the desired particle size and acidified, it is stored in airtight containers. Part of the enamel is wetted with distilled water, the other part is dried. The wet enamel is applied by brush and then dried before being baked between 700 ° and 790 ° in a box oven. It is then cooled slowly and then defatted with industrial alcohol.
  • a second layer of dried enamel is then applied using a very fine sieve and a second firing is carried out. Finally, a new layer of dried enamel is applied followed by baking. When the enamel is cold, it is defatted and ironed in the oven to even the three layers.
  • the enamel is then stoned with a 15 ⁇ -9 ⁇ m abrasive paper and water to prevent heating until a desired uniform thickness is obtained over the entire surface of the dial.
  • the final equalization is carried out after a new degreasing with alcohol, by ironing the dial in the oven between 700 ° and 790 ° C.
  • the enamel frosted during the stoning is vitrified and retires. This operation can be repeated if necessary.
  • the thickness of the dial is at most 1.1 mm, including the thickness of the substrate, that of the mass enamel covering the two faces of the substrate and that of the white enamel.
  • the next step is to drop the paint.
  • This painting includes numbers and characters intended to indicate hours, minutes and various indications relating in particular to the mark.
  • This paint may also be decorative and have several colors, using the usual glaze paints sold for enamel and which are generally constituted by metal oxide pigments that are mixed with a fatty gasoline or other suitable dispersion medium in a proportion depending on the desired consistency.
  • vitrifiable colors are ground very finely and are applied with a brush on the white enamel then they are baked between 750 ° C and 830 ° C, which has the effect of vitrifying the colors and to encrust them in the white enamel.
  • the last coating operation is to apply the finishing flux.
  • the preparation of this flux is carried out by alternating grinding and washing as for the white enamel without addition of nitric acid, for about 35 minutes. This operation is intended to improve the transparency of the finishing flux. When sufficiently milled and washed, the finished fondant is dried.
  • each layer is fired between 650 ° and 750 ° C.
  • the total thickness of the finishing flux layer is of the order of 0.1 mm.
  • the paint perfectly matches the texture of the white background and the finishing flux does not crack when stoning.
  • any enameling technique consisting in depositing a liquid product in the form of successive layers, the thickness of the enamel at the edge of the substrate intended to form the dial is necessarily different than on the rest of this substrate. Now it is the edge of the dial that must come to press against the bezel, hence the importance of having a determined thickness and not a random thickness, such as that of the peripheral zone of the enamelled plate. This is the reason why this peripheral zone of the dial is cut to conserve only the part in which the thickness of the enamel can be controlled with sufficient precision and is thus practically constant, which is not the case of clock dials in particular.
  • the cutting must be performed by a technique that does not damage the edge of the enamel layer. Among the possible cutting techniques that may be mentioned are ultrasonic cutting, water jet cutting, masking and chemical etching in particular.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Emailliertes, mit Verzierungen überzogenes Uhrenzifferblatt mit einem unrunden Flussstahlsubstrat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Dicke zwischen 0,30 und 0,80 mm liegt, dass zumindest Vorderseite und Rückseite des Substrats mit einem Haftvermittler überzogen sind, dass sich auf dem Teil des Überzugs auf der Vorderseite des Substrats eine Weissemailschicht erstreckt, die zumindest teilweise von gemalten Verzierungen und/oder Inschriften überzogen ist, und dass der Teil des Überzugs auf der Vorderseite des Substrats eine bis zum Rand des Zifferblatts praktisch konstante Dicke hat.
  2. Emailliertes Zifferblatt nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Haftvermittler ein Grundemail ist, mit dem zumindest seine beiden Seiten überzogen sind.
  3. Emailliertes Zifferblatt nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Metallsubstrat aus entkohltem Stahl besteht, dessen Kohlenstoffgehalt nicht über 0,08 % und bevorzugt nicht über 0,004 % beträgt.
  4. Emailliertes Zifferblatt nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Substrat ausgebaucht ist.
  5. Emailliertes Zifferblatt nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Weissemail sowie die gemalten Verzierungen und/oder Inschriften, mit denen es überzogen ist, wenigstens teilweise mit einer abschliessenden Fondantschicht überzogen sind.
  6. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines unrunden emaillierten Uhrenzifferblatts aus einem Blechsubstrat, das mit einem Haftvermittler überzogen wird, auf den zumindest eine Weissemailschicht aufgebracht und aufgebrannt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Flussstahlsubstrat genommen wird, das die gewünschte Gestalt aufweist, dessen anfänglicher Aussenumfang aber den Umfang des Zifferblatts um einen Betrag übersteigt, der dem peripheren Bereich entspricht, in dem die Dicke der Emailschicht von der gewünschten Solldicke abweicht, wobei die Härte des Weissemails so gewählt wird, dass später Striche aufgemalt werden können, ohne eine wesentliche Verformung zu erleiden, und dass ein abschliessender Fondantüberzug aufgebracht werden kann, der nicht rissig wird, die Schicht lapidiert und geglättet wird, gewünschte gemalte Verzierungen und/oder Inschriften auf zumindest einen Teil der Oberfläche des Substrats aufgebracht und aufgebrannt werden und das so überzogene Substrat auf die Abmessungen des fertigen Zifferblatts beschnitten wird.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, wonach dieses Substrat mit einer Schicht von Grundemail als Haftvermittler umhüllt wird, dieses Grundemail gebrannt wird, die Grundemailschicht, mit der die Vorderseite des Substrats überzogen ist, lapidiert wird und die Grundemailschicht geglättet wird.
  8. Verfahren zur Herstellung gemäss einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Härte des Weissemails eingestellt wird, indem es einem Ansäuerungsprozess unterworfen wird.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, wonach eine Mehrzahl von abschliessenden Fondantschichten abgeschieden werden, um die Oberfläche der Weissemailschicht und der darauf abgeschiedenen Bemalung zu überziehen.
EP03750226A 2002-10-22 2003-10-17 Emailliertes uhrenzifferblatt und verfahren zur herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP1554415B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03750226A EP1554415B1 (de) 2002-10-22 2003-10-17 Emailliertes uhrenzifferblatt und verfahren zur herstellung

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405902 2002-10-22
EP02405902A EP1413649A1 (de) 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 Emailliertes Uhrenzifferblatt und Verfahren zur Herstellung
EP03750226A EP1554415B1 (de) 2002-10-22 2003-10-17 Emailliertes uhrenzifferblatt und verfahren zur herstellung
PCT/CH2003/000678 WO2004038066A2 (fr) 2002-10-22 2003-10-17 Cadran email pour montre et procede de fabrication d'un cadran email

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1554415A2 EP1554415A2 (de) 2005-07-20
EP1554415B1 true EP1554415B1 (de) 2008-08-20

Family

ID=32050150

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02405902A Withdrawn EP1413649A1 (de) 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 Emailliertes Uhrenzifferblatt und Verfahren zur Herstellung
EP03750226A Expired - Lifetime EP1554415B1 (de) 2002-10-22 2003-10-17 Emailliertes uhrenzifferblatt und verfahren zur herstellung

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02405902A Withdrawn EP1413649A1 (de) 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 Emailliertes Uhrenzifferblatt und Verfahren zur Herstellung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1413649A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE405691T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003269661A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60323117D1 (de)
HK (1) HK1074062A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004038066A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH716545B1 (fr) * 2019-08-28 2023-03-15 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Procédé de décoration d'un élément d'horlogerie.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR820983A (fr) * 1936-07-27 1937-11-24 Procédé pour l'émaillage des tôles, particulièrement applicable aux revêtements décoratifs
DE3223028A1 (de) * 1981-06-24 1983-01-05 Ise Kogyo K.K., Osaka Gegenstand mit cloisonne-emaillierung
DE3323758C1 (de) * 1983-07-01 1984-07-19 Bernd 4000 Düsseldorf Deckert Uhrenzifferblatt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003269661A1 (en) 2004-05-13
EP1413649A1 (de) 2004-04-28
HK1074062A1 (en) 2005-10-28
DE60323117D1 (de) 2008-10-02
WO2004038066A2 (fr) 2004-05-06
WO2004038066A3 (fr) 2004-10-28
ATE405691T1 (de) 2008-09-15
EP1554415A2 (de) 2005-07-20

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