EP1552860B1 - Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem - Google Patents
Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1552860B1 EP1552860B1 EP03405902A EP03405902A EP1552860B1 EP 1552860 B1 EP1552860 B1 EP 1552860B1 EP 03405902 A EP03405902 A EP 03405902A EP 03405902 A EP03405902 A EP 03405902A EP 1552860 B1 EP1552860 B1 EP 1552860B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cage
- foam
- slot
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000011929 mousse Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004722 stifle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
- A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fire protection installations. More particularly, it relates to a fire extinguishing system using a foam that is particularly well adapted to fighting fires in large confined spaces, such as tunnels, car parks or warehouses.
- a fire-fighting facility in a large space must also be capable of responding, in a targeted manner, to several fires separated from each other, which is frequent during a fire or when, in a tunnel, a first fire causes chain collisions and new fires. It is therefore vital that the installation intervenes at this location and is not prematurely out of extinction means because it has exhausted too quickly its resources on the first fire.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide an improved version of a foam extinguishing system which can equip not only the aforementioned installation but also any existing installation, whether automatic or manual.
- the figure 1 represents very schematically, seen from the ground, a portion of the vault of a road tunnel equipped with an installation using a foam extinguishing system according to the invention.
- the installation proposed by way of non-limiting example is divided into sectors of twenty to thirty meters, each comprising a watering tube 10 disposed under the tunnel roof, parallel to the axis AA of the sector concerned, and equipped with foam extinguishing nozzles 12 arranged every three meters or so. These nozzles are directed towards the ground and, in the example shown, aligned along the axis AA.
- the installation also comprises a mixer 14 whose inlet E1 is connected to a single pipe of pressurized water 16 running through the tunnel and whose inlet E2 is connected to an emulsifier tank 18 via a control valve 20.
- the output S of the mixer 14 is connected to the irrigation tube 10 via a control valve 22.
- the tube 10 is of circular section. Its diameter is typically between 25 and 150 mm and its length is that of the sector, that is to say from twenty to thirty meters in the example described.
- the nozzles 12 each consist of a slot 24 formed in the wall of the tube 10 at the vertical axis AA and parallel thereto and a device 26, called foam expansion cage, disposed in front of the slot.
- the length thereof is between 60 and 100 mm and its width is about 0.2 to 1 mm depending on the water supply and foam flow required for extinction.
- the expansion cage 26 is formed of an upper wall 28, a lower wall 30 and an intermediate wall 32, made by means of a mesh made of stainless steel or plastic whose mesh is between 1 and 3 mm.
- the upper wall 28 has a triangular section whose ridge faces the slot 24 parallel to it and is disposed about 1 mm from it.
- the angle at the apex of the triangle is between 110 and 130 °, while its base has substantially the same dimension as the diameter of the tube 10.
- the lower wall 30 is curved, with a center substantially coincident with that of the tube 10. Its base has the same dimension as that of the upper wall 28.
- the flat intermediate wall 32 ensures the connection between the upper wall 28 and the lower wall 30. It will be noted that it extends beyond its junction with the upper wall 28 by a portion 34 which ends at the from the edge of it. The distance between the edge and the furthest point of the bottom wall 30 is typically between 30 and 50 mm.
- the walls of the cage 26 are advantageously joined by welding or stapling.
- the edge of the upper wall 28 is extended at both ends by a tongue 36 which is welded to a collar 38 which fits around the tube and hangs thereon by means of a loop 40 and a hook 42.
- control valve 22 In operation, when a fire is detected, by any means whatsoever, the control valve 22 is opened manually or automatically. A mixture of water and emulsifier whose content, typically from 2 to 5%, was previously adjusted by the regulating valve 20, is sent into the irrigation tube 10.
- the slot 24 creates a powerful jet directed on the edge of the upper wall 28. This jet enters the cage 26 and invades it while generating a suction stream which returns air intimately mixing with the particles of liquid.
- the mixture then passes through the intermediate wall 32 and the bottom wall 30 with a still sufficient pressure to confine the emulsion and produce a dense foam and heavy enough to cover the floor of the tunnel without being driven by drafts.
- the projected jet of water and foam concentrate is sufficiently deviated so that foam is also produced above the cage 26 and passes through the upper portion 34 of the intermediate wall 32, thus adding to the foam ejected from the cage.
- the cage 26 also has the effect of diverting the jet of foam by 90 °. It is likely that this deviation is due to Coriolis forces.
- the foam forms a screen whose plane is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel and which flaps and absorbs the fumes of the fire.
- K an experimental shape coefficient, characteristic of the nozzle
- P the pressure of the mixture in the tube 10
- f the expansion coefficient defined as the ratio between the volume of foam produced and the volume of liquid.
- the objective of this installation is to produce a thickness of 15 cm of foam per minute and per square meter, evenly distributed on the pavement of the tunnel. This thickness is sufficient to extinguish most fires.
- the water flow must therefore be 1034 L / min.
- the installation may comprise two or three parallel tubes distributed under the vault.
- each nozzle may have a plurality of slots centered on the crown edge of the triangle of the cage, for example, three 0.2 mm slots separated by 2 mm.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Claims (12)
- Feuerlöschsystem mit Hilfe von Schaum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es umfasst:- ein Rohr (10), das dazu bestimmt ist, über einem zu schützenden Raum angeordnet zu sein und das mit Hilfe eines Gemischs aus Wasser unter Druck und Emulgator versorgbar ist, und- mindestens eine Löschdüse (12), die aus mindestens einem Schlitz (24) besteht, der in der Wand des Rohrs eingearbeitet ist, und einem Verschäumungskäfig (26), der angeordnet ist, um das Gemisch aus Wasser unter Druck und Emulgator aufzunehmen, das von dem Schlitz bereitgestellt wird, und Schaum zu produzieren, der über dem Raum abgeladen wird.
- System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlitz (24) etwa parallel zur Achse des Rohrs (10) und zur Achse des Käfigs (26) ist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düse eine Mehrzahl paralleler Schlitze (24) aufweist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Käfig (26) als Gitter ausgeführt ist und umfasst:- eine obere Wand mit einem Querschnitt in Dreieckform (28), dessen Grat dem Schlitz (24) parallel gegenübersteht, und- eine etwa konzentrisch zum Rohr (10) untere gebogene Wand (30).
- System nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel an der Spitze des Dreiecks etwa zwischen 110 und 130° inklusive ist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Basis des Dreiecks etwa dieselbe Abmessung wie der Durchmesser des Rohrs (10) hat.
- System nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Basis des unteren Teils (30) etwa dieselbe Abmessung hat wie die des Dreiecks.
- System nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Käfig (26) zwischen der oberen Wand (28) und der unteren Wand (30) eine Zwischenwand (32) aufweist.
- System nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Zwischenwand (32) über ihre Verbindung mit der oberen Wand (28) durch einen Abschnitt (34) verlängert, der etwa auf Ebene des Grats endet.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schlitz (24) eine Länge zwischen 0,2 und 1 mm inklusive hat und dadurch, dass der Grat zirka 1 mm von ihr angeordnet ist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Käfig (26) mit einem Befestigungsring (38) verbunden ist, der um das Rohr (10) platziert ist.
- System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Mehrzahl von Düsen (12) umfasst, die auf dem Rohr (10) derart angeordnet, dass sie die Beregnung in dem zu schützenden Raum verteilen.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES03405902T ES2335982T3 (es) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Sistema de extincion de fuego con espuma. |
AT03405902T ATE448837T1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-feuerlöschsystem |
DE60330170T DE60330170D1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem |
EP03405902A EP1552860B1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem |
SI200331734T SI1552860T1 (sl) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Gasilni sistem s peno |
PCT/CH2004/000725 WO2005058424A1 (fr) | 2003-12-17 | 2004-12-09 | Systeme d’extinction d’incendie a mousse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405902A EP1552860B1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1552860A1 EP1552860A1 (de) | 2005-07-13 |
EP1552860B1 true EP1552860B1 (de) | 2009-11-18 |
Family
ID=34585931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405902A Expired - Lifetime EP1552860B1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1552860B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE448837T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE60330170D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2335982T3 (de) |
SI (1) | SI1552860T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005058424A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016212391B4 (de) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-06-13 | Fabrik chemischer Präparate von Dr. Richard Sthamer GmbH & Co KG | Schaumwassersprinkler |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3592269A (en) * | 1968-12-09 | 1971-07-13 | Howard C Stults | Self-contained foam fire extinguishing system |
SE501805C2 (sv) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-15 | Svenska Skum Ab | Förfarande vid släckning av brand i öppna eller slutna utrymmen samt anordning för utövande av förfarandet |
DE19539991C1 (de) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-02-27 | Preussag Ag Minimax | Schaumwassersprinkler |
EP1310273A1 (de) | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-14 | Claude Ciocca | Schaumfeuerlöschanlage |
-
2003
- 2003-12-17 DE DE60330170T patent/DE60330170D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-17 SI SI200331734T patent/SI1552860T1/sl unknown
- 2003-12-17 ES ES03405902T patent/ES2335982T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-17 AT AT03405902T patent/ATE448837T1/de active
- 2003-12-17 EP EP03405902A patent/EP1552860B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-12-09 WO PCT/CH2004/000725 patent/WO2005058424A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1552860A1 (de) | 2005-07-13 |
DE60330170D1 (de) | 2009-12-31 |
ATE448837T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
WO2005058424A1 (fr) | 2005-06-30 |
ES2335982T3 (es) | 2010-04-07 |
SI1552860T1 (sl) | 2010-02-26 |
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