EP1552860A1 - Système d'extinction de feu à mousse - Google Patents
Système d'extinction de feu à mousse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1552860A1 EP1552860A1 EP03405902A EP03405902A EP1552860A1 EP 1552860 A1 EP1552860 A1 EP 1552860A1 EP 03405902 A EP03405902 A EP 03405902A EP 03405902 A EP03405902 A EP 03405902A EP 1552860 A1 EP1552860 A1 EP 1552860A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- cage
- foam
- slot
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
- A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
Definitions
- the present invention relates to protection installations against fires. It concerns, more particularly, a system of extinction by watering the fire using foam particularly well adapted to the fight against fires in large confined spaces, such as tunnels, car parks or warehouses.
- a fire-fighting facility in a large space must also be able to respond, in a targeted way, to several separate fires each other, which is common during a willful fire or when, in a tunnel, a first fire causes chain collisions and new fires. It is therefore vital that the installation intervenes at this location and is not prematurely out of extinction means as it has too quickly exhausted his resources on the first fire.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide an improved version a foam extinguishing system that can equip, not only, the above-mentioned installation, but also any existing installation that it either automatic or manual.
- FIG. 1 represents very schematically, seen from the ground, a portion the roof of a road tunnel equipped with an installation using a system extinguishing foam according to the invention.
- the installation proposed as a non-restrictive example is divided into sectors of twenty to thirty meters, each with a watering tube 10 located under the arch of the tunnel, parallel to the axis AA of the sector concerned, and provided with foam extinguishing nozzles 12 arranged, all three meters around. These nozzles are directed towards the ground and, in the example shown, aligned along the AA axis.
- the installation also comprises a mixer 14 whose input E1 is connected a single pipe of pressurized water 16 running through the tunnel and the inlet E2 is connected to an emulsifier tank 18 via a control valve 20.
- the output S of the mixer 14 is connected to the irrigation tube 10 through a control valve 22.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show, more precise, the watering tube 10 and the foam extinguishing nozzles 12 according to the invention.
- the tube 10 is of circular section. Its diameter is typically understood between 25 and 150 mm and its length is that of the sector, that is, from twenty to thirty meters in the example described.
- the nozzles 12 each consist of a slot 24 formed in the wall tube 10 vertically and parallel to its axis AA and a device 26, called foam expansion cage, disposed in front of the slot.
- a device 26 called foam expansion cage, disposed in front of the slot.
- the length thereof is between 60 and 100 mm and its width is approximately 0.2 to 1 mm depending on the water supply and the foam flow required for extinction.
- the expansion cage 26 is formed of an upper wall 28, a wall lower 30 and an intermediate wall 32, made by means of a mesh made of stainless steel or synthetic material whose mesh is between 1 and 3 mm.
- the top wall 28 has a triangle-shaped section whose ridge faces at the slot 24 parallel to it and is disposed about 1 mm from it.
- the angle at the apex of the triangle is between 110 and 130 °, while its base has substantially the same dimension as the diameter of the tube 10.
- the lower wall 30 is curved, with a center substantially coinciding with that of the tube 10. Its base has the same dimension as that of the wall superior 28.
- the intermediate wall 32 flat, provides the connection between the upper wall 28 and the bottom wall 30. It will be noted that it extends, beyond its junction with the upper wall 28, by a portion 34 which ends at level of the edge of it. The distance between the edge and the furthest point the bottom wall 30 is typically between 30 and 50 mm.
- the walls of the cage 26 are advantageously joined by welding or by stapling.
- the edge of the upper wall 28 extends, at both ends thereof by a tongue 36 which is welded to a collar 38 taking place around the tube and hanging on it with a loop 40 and a hook 42.
- control valve 22 In operation, when a fire is detected, by whatever means either, the control valve 22 is manually opened or automatically. A mixture of water and emulsifier whose content, typically from 2 to 5%, was previously adjusted by the regulating valve 20, is sent into the irrigation tube 10.
- the slot 24 creates a powerful jet directed on the edge of the upper wall 28. This jet enters the cage 26 and invades it while generating a current suction that brings air intimately mixing with the particles of liquid.
- the mixture then passes through the intermediate wall 32 and the bottom wall 30 with sufficient pressure to confine the emulsion and produce a dense foam and heavy enough to cover the tunnel floor without being driven by drafts.
- the projected jet of water and foam concentrate is sufficiently diverted to that foam is also produced above the cage 26 and passes through the upper portion 34 of the intermediate wall 32, thus adding to the foam ejected from the cage.
- the cage 26 also has the effect of diverting the jet of foam by 90 °. It is likely that this deviation is due to Coriolis forces.
- the foam forms a screen whose plane is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tunnel and which flaps and absorbs the smoke from the fire.
- K is an experimental shape coefficient, characteristic of the nozzle
- P is the pressure of the mixture in the tube 10
- f is the expansion coefficient defined as the ratio between the volume of foam produced and the volume of liquid.
- the purpose of this installation is to produce a thickness of 15 cm foam per minute per square meter evenly distributed on the roadway of the tunnel. This thickness is sufficient to extinguish most fires.
- a single nozzle, sized as described above, produces: 26.2 x 3 1/2 x 30 1.351 m 3 / min of foam.
- the water flow must therefore be 1034 L / min.
- the installation may comprise two or three parallel tubes distributed under the vault.
- each nozzle can have a plurality of slots centered on the vertex edge of the triangle of the cage, for example, three 0.2 mm slots separated by 2 mm.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- à réponse rapide, c'est-à-dire réagissant instantanément à une élévation anormale de la température, et
- fiables, c'est-à-dire aussi peu sensibles que possible aux changements de température (gel, ...) mais également aux poussières ou autres salissures risquant de les "aveugler" partiellement ou totalement.
- une pluralité de détecteurs thermiques obturant chacun l'extrémité d'un conduit alimenté en air comprimé et réagissant à une élévation anormale de la température ambiante en faisant déboucher ledit conduit à l'air libre,
- un système d'extinction à mousse prenant place au-dessus du secteur à protéger, et
- des moyens de commande qui répondent à une chute de pression résultant de la mise à l'air libre d'au moins l'un desdits conduits par l'alimentation dudit système en un mélange d'eau sous pression et d'émulseur lui permettant de déverser de la mousse d'extinction sur ce secteur.
- un tube destiné à prendre place au-dessus de l'espace à protéger et pouvant être alimenté à l'aide d'un mélange d'eau sous pression et d'émulseur, et
- au moins une buse d'extinction comportant au moins une fente pratiquée dans la paroi dudit tube et d'une cage à foisonnement disposée pour recevoir le jet de liquide délivré par ladite fente et produire de la mousse qui est déversée sur ledit espace.
- La fente est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du tube et à l'axe de la cage.
- La buse comporte plusieurs fentes parallèles.
- La cage est réalisée en grillage et comporte une paroi supérieure à section en forme de triangle dont l'arête fait face à la fente, parallèlement à elle, et une paroi inférieure incurvée sensiblement concentrique au tube.
- L'angle au sommet du triangle est sensiblement compris entre 110 et 130°.
- La base dudit triangle a sensiblement la même dimension que le diamètre du tube.
- La base de la partie inférieure de la cage a sensiblement la même dimension que celle du triangle.
- La cage comporte une paroi intermédiaire entre sa paroi supérieure et sa paroi inférieure.
- Cette paroi intermédiaire se prolonge, au-delà de sa jonction avec la paroi supérieure, par une portion qui se termine sensiblement au niveau de l'arête de celle-ci.
- La fente a une largeur comprise entre 0.3 et 1 mm et l'arête du sommet du triangle de la cage est disposée à environ 1 mm d'elle.
- La cage est solidaire d'un collier prenant place autour du tube.
- Le système comporte une pluralité de buses disposées sur le tube de manière à répartir l'arrosage dans tout l'espace à protéger.
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'une installation selon l'invention ;
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale et transversale d'une buse à mousse équipant cette installation ; et
- la figure 4 illustre la manière de fixer les cages des buses d'extinction au tube.
- un tunnel de 24 m de long et de 9 m de large ;
- une installation dotée de buses comportant une fente de 80 mm de long et 0,6 mm de large, qui présentent un coefficient K de 26,2 et un foisonnement f de 30 ; et
- un mélange d'eau et d'émulseur circulant à une pression de 3 bars.
Claims (12)
- Système d'extinction d'incendie à l'aide de mousse, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :un tube (10) destiné à prendre place au-dessus d'un espace à protéger et pouvant être alimenté à l'aide d'un mélange d'eau sous pression et d'émulseur, etau moins une buse d'extinction (12) constituée d'au moins une fente (24) pratiquée dans la paroi dudit tube et d'un cage à foisonnement (26) disposée pour recevoir le jet de liquide délivré par ladite fente et produire de la mousse qui est déversée sur ledit espace.
- Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite fente (24) est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du tube (10) et à l'axe de la cage (26).
- Système selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite buse comporte une pluralité de fentes parallèles (24).
- Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite cage (26) est réalisée en grillage et comporte :une paroi supérieure à section en forme de triangle (28) dont l'arête fait face à ladite fente (24), parallèlement à elle, etune paroi inférieure incurvée (30) sensiblement concentrique au tube (10).
- Système selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'angle au sommet dudit triangle est sensiblement compris entre 110 et 130°.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que la base dudit triangle a sensiblement la même dimension que le diamètre du tube (10).
- Système selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la base de ladite partie inférieure (30) a sensiblement la même dimension que celle dudit triangle.
- Système selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite cage (26) comporte une paroi intermédiaire (32) entre la paroi supérieure (28) et la paroi inférieure (30).
- Système selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite paroi intermédiaire (32) se prolonge, au-delà de sa jonction avec la paroi supérieure (28), par une portion (34) qui se termine sensiblement au niveau de l'arête.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite fente (24) a une largeur comprise entre 0.2 et 1 mm et en ce que ladite arête est disposée à environ 1 mm d'elle.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que ladite cage (26) est un solidaire d'un collier de fixation (38) prenant place autour du tube (10).
- Système selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pluralité de buses (12) disposées sur ledit tube (10) de manière à répartir l'arrosage dans l'espace à protéger.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60330170T DE60330170D1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-Feuerlöschsystem |
ES03405902T ES2335982T3 (es) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Sistema de extincion de fuego con espuma. |
AT03405902T ATE448837T1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Schaum-feuerlöschsystem |
EP03405902A EP1552860B1 (fr) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Système d'extinction de feu à mousse |
SI200331734T SI1552860T1 (sl) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Gasilni sistem s peno |
PCT/CH2004/000725 WO2005058424A1 (fr) | 2003-12-17 | 2004-12-09 | Systeme d’extinction d’incendie a mousse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405902A EP1552860B1 (fr) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Système d'extinction de feu à mousse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1552860A1 true EP1552860A1 (fr) | 2005-07-13 |
EP1552860B1 EP1552860B1 (fr) | 2009-11-18 |
Family
ID=34585931
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03405902A Expired - Lifetime EP1552860B1 (fr) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Système d'extinction de feu à mousse |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1552860B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE448837T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60330170D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2335982T3 (fr) |
SI (1) | SI1552860T1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005058424A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016212391A1 (de) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-01-11 | Fabrik chemischer Präparate von Dr. Richard Sthamer GmbH & Co KG | Schaumwassersprinkler |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3592269A (en) * | 1968-12-09 | 1971-07-13 | Howard C Stults | Self-contained foam fire extinguishing system |
DE19539991C1 (de) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-02-27 | Preussag Ag Minimax | Schaumwassersprinkler |
US5785126A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1998-07-28 | Svenska Skum Ab | Method of extinguishing of fire in open or closed spaces and means for performing the method |
WO2003041806A1 (fr) | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-22 | Claude Ciocca | Installation d'extinction d'incendie a mousse |
-
2003
- 2003-12-17 DE DE60330170T patent/DE60330170D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-17 AT AT03405902T patent/ATE448837T1/de active
- 2003-12-17 ES ES03405902T patent/ES2335982T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-17 EP EP03405902A patent/EP1552860B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-17 SI SI200331734T patent/SI1552860T1/sl unknown
-
2004
- 2004-12-09 WO PCT/CH2004/000725 patent/WO2005058424A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3592269A (en) * | 1968-12-09 | 1971-07-13 | Howard C Stults | Self-contained foam fire extinguishing system |
US5785126A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1998-07-28 | Svenska Skum Ab | Method of extinguishing of fire in open or closed spaces and means for performing the method |
DE19539991C1 (de) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-02-27 | Preussag Ag Minimax | Schaumwassersprinkler |
WO2003041806A1 (fr) | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-22 | Claude Ciocca | Installation d'extinction d'incendie a mousse |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016212391A1 (de) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-01-11 | Fabrik chemischer Präparate von Dr. Richard Sthamer GmbH & Co KG | Schaumwassersprinkler |
DE102016212391B4 (de) * | 2016-07-07 | 2019-06-13 | Fabrik chemischer Präparate von Dr. Richard Sthamer GmbH & Co KG | Schaumwassersprinkler |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005058424A1 (fr) | 2005-06-30 |
SI1552860T1 (sl) | 2010-02-26 |
ATE448837T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
EP1552860B1 (fr) | 2009-11-18 |
ES2335982T3 (es) | 2010-04-07 |
DE60330170D1 (de) | 2009-12-31 |
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