Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
  • H05B33/02—Details
  • H05B33/06—Electrode terminals
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
  • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21K2/00—Non-electric light sources using luminescence; Light sources using electrochemiluminescence
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/061—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on electro-optical organic material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
  • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
  • H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
  • E06B2009/247—Electrically powered illumination
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
  • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
  • H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
  • H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
  • H10K2102/3031—Two-side emission, e.g. transparent OLEDs [TOLED]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
  • H10K50/80—Constructional details
  • H10K50/805—Electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an electrically controllable device of the glazing type and with variable optical properties, or an electroluminescent device.
• electroluminescent systems in known manner, generally comprise at least one layer of an organic or inorganic electroluminescent material sandwiched between two suitable electrodes. It is customary to classify electroluminescent systems in several categories according to whether they are of organic type, commonly called system
• Emitting Diode or inorganic type and in this case commonly called TFEL system for" Thin Electroluminescent Film ", when the functional layer or layers are thin, or screen-printed system when the functional layer or layers are thick.
• OLEDs evaporated molecules
• a b tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum
• DPVBi 4,4 '- (diphenyl
• HIL Hole Injection Layer
• the organic electroluminescent material of the thin layer is made from polymers (pLEDs) such as for example PPV for poly (p ⁇ r ⁇ -phenylene vinylene), PPP (poly (p ⁇ r ⁇ -phenylene), DO- PPP (poly (2-decyloxy-1, 4-phenylene), MEH-PPV (poly [2- (2'-ethylhexyloxy) -5-methoxy-1, 4-phenylene vinylene)]), CN-PPV ( poly [2,5-bis (hexyloxy) -1, 4-phenylene- (1- cyanovinylene)]) or PDAF (poly (dialky lfluorene), the polymer layer is also associated with a layer which promotes the injection of holes (HIL) consisting
• the inorganic electroluminescent material consists of a thin layer for example of sulphides such as ZnS: Mn or SrS: Ce or of oxides such as Zn 2 SiO 4 : Mn, Zn2Ge0: Mn or Zn 2 Ga 2 ⁇ 4 : Mn.
• an insulating layer produced from a dielectric material for example S13N 4 , BaTi0 3 or carbon dioxide, is associated with each face of the thin electroluminescent layer.
• the inorganic electroluminescent material consists of a thick layer of phosphor such as for example ZnS: Mn or ZnS: Cu, this layer being associated with an insulating layer of dielectric material for example of BaTi ⁇ 3, these layers being generally produced by screen printing.
• the stack of layers comprising in particular the electroluminescent layer, is associated with two electrodes, (a cathode and an anode in the case of organic systems).
• the anode which is made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), of fluorine-doped tin dioxide (Sn ⁇ 2: F) or of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO: Al).
• the cathode the nature of the material constituting the latter is differentiated according to the type of the electroluminescent system.
• OLEDs and pLEDs it is generally an electropositive metal cathode (Al, Mg, Ca, Li ..) possibly preceded by a thin layer of an insulating material such as LiF or an alloy of these metals and for inorganic systems (TFEL and thick films), the cathode is generally made of aluminum.
• electrons are injected from the cathode to the conduction band of the organic material of the electroluminescent layer and the anode extracts electrons from the valence band of the electroluminescent material (hole injection).
• an electric field the supply voltage applied between the two electrodes of the system
• the electrons and the holes migrate in opposite directions. Their recombination at the level of the electroluminescent material forms an exciton capable of being radically de-excited (emission of photons).
• the phenomenon allowing the conversion of electrical energy into light is mainly different.
• a high electric field typically of the order of 1 to 2 MV.cm '1
• electrons trapped at the interface between the insulating layer and the phosphor layer are released and accelerated to reach energies of around 3 eV.
• These energetic electrons transfer their energy by impact to the centers of the phosphors which can be radically de-excited (emission of photons).
• the invention therefore aims to provide improved connectivity for electrically controllable systems of the type of glazing which have been mentioned above. It aims more particularly to propose a connection which is better visually and / or electrically and which, preferably, remains simple and flexible to use on an industrial scale. It concerns all the systems listed above, and more specifically electroluminescent glazing.
• the invention firstly relates to a device of the type described above, which comprises at least one substrate carrying a stack of electroactive layers disposed between a so-called “lower” electrode and a so-called “upper” electrode, each comprising at least one electrically conductive layer.
• Each of the electrodes is in electrical connection with at least one current bus.
• at least one of the current leads is produced from a plurality of conductive wires uniformly disposed on the surface in electrical contact with at least one current bus in outside the area of the carrier substrate which is covered by the stack of electroactive layers.
• the expression “lower” electrode means the electrode which is located closest to the carrier substrate taken as a reference, on which at least part of the active layers (all of the active layers in an electroluminescent system organic or inorganic) is deposited.
• the “upper” electrode is that deposited on the other side, relative to the same reference substrate.
• the carrier substrate is generally rigid and transparent, of the glass or polymer type such as polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• the invention however includes substrates which are flexible or semi-flexible, based on polymer.
• the device according to the invention can use one or more glass, tempered, laminated, or plastic (polycarbonate) substrates.
• the substrate (s) can also be curved.
• At least one of the electrodes is transparent. One of them can however be opaque.
• the active system and the upper electrode are protected in particular mechanically, from oxidation, from humidity, generally by another rigid type substrate, optionally by lamination using one or more sheets of thermoplastic polymer of EVA type
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• PU polyurethane
• the invention also includes the protection of the system by a flexible or semi-flexible substrate, in particular based on a polymer, optionally comprising a gas barrier layer.
• thermoplastic interlayer sheet with a double-sided adhesive sheet, self-supporting or not, which is commercially available and which has the advantage of be very fine.
• active stacking or “electroactive stacking” the active layer or layers of the system, that is to say all the layers of the system except the layers belonging to the electrodes.
• active stacking or “electroactive stacking” the active layer or layers of the system, that is to say all the layers of the system except the layers belonging to the electrodes.
• organic or inorganic electroluminescent system have been previously defined.
• each of these layers may consist of a single layer or of a plurality of superimposed layers contributing to the same function.
• each electrode contains an electrically conductive layer or several superimposed electrically conductive layers, which will subsequently be considered as a single layer.
• These current buses are intended to be connected on the one hand, to a source of electrical energy, alternative and / or continuous, depending on the type of electrically controllable system, and on the other hand, to the electrically conductive layers which include leads of current which are intended to diffuse electrical energy over the entire surface of the electrically conductive layers.
• these buses are in the form of foils, that is to say opaque metal strips, generally based on copper often tinned.
• the stack and the electroconductive layer in question generally have the same dimensions, this means that 1 or 2 cm of the assembly must be hidden once the system is complete, to hide the area of the glazing provided with the foils.
• the dimensions of the active stack are almost the dimensions of the electrically controllable surface accessible to the user, there is little or no loss of active surface, in any case much less than the loss of surface. caused by the usual placing of the foils on the active stack.
• the invention has another advantage: it is guaranteed that the installation of the foils will not risk "injuring" the active stack. There is no local allowance in the glazing due to the presence of the foils in the essential zone, that where the active layers of the system are present. Finally, the electrical supply of these leads thus remote from the sensitive part of the system can be facilitated, as well as their installation proper.
• the present patent application firstly attempts to describe a preferred embodiment of the "lower" electrode of the system.
• the lower electrode may include an electrically conductive layer which covers at least one area of the carrier substrate not covered by the active stack.
• the rest of the layers of the system can then be deposited on the glass once cut to the desired dimensions, with a temporary mask system.
• An example of an electrically conductive layer is a layer based on doped metal oxide, in particular indium oxide doped with tin called ITO or tin oxide doped with fluorine SnO ⁇ iF, or zinc oxide doped with aluminum ZnO: Al for example, optionally deposited on a prelayer of the silicon oxide, oxycarbide or oxynitride type, having an optical function and / or an alkali barrier function when the substrate is made of glass.
• doped metal oxide in particular indium oxide doped with tin called ITO or tin oxide doped with fluorine SnO ⁇ iF, or zinc oxide doped with aluminum ZnO: Al for example, optionally deposited on a prelayer of the silicon oxide, oxycarbide or oxynitride type, having an optical function and / or an alkali barrier function when the substrate is made of glass.
• the lower electroconductive layer has areas not covered by the active stack. Some will be used to install ad hoc current buses. These current buses are intended to be in contact with the current leads which make it possible to distribute the energy uniformly electrical which is necessary for the functional layer to convert this electrical energy into light.
• This "upper” electrode comprises an electrically conductive layer associated on the one hand, with current buses similar in their embodiments and in their functions to those used at the level of the "lower” electrode and on the other hand, with current leads.
• the current leads are either conductive wires if the active electroluminescent layer is sufficiently conductive, or a network of wires running over or within the layer forming the electrode, this electrode being metallic or of the TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) type.
• the conductive wires are metallic wires, for example tungsten (or copper), possibly covered by a surface coating (carbon or a colored oxide for example), with a diameter between 10 and 100 ⁇ m and preferably between 20 and 50 ⁇ m, rectilinear or corrugated, deposited on an interlayer laminating sheet, for example based on PU, by a technique known in the field of heated windshields with wires, for example described in patents EP-785,700, EP -553,025, EP-506,521, EP-496,669.
• One of these known techniques consists in the use of a heated pressure roller which presses the wire on the surface of the polymer sheet, this pressure roller being supplied with wire from a supply coil thanks to a wire guide device.
• the upper conductive layer it is generally of dimensions less than or equal to that of the underlying active layers of the active stack and can therefore be deposited as a result of these on the same deposition line (by example by sputtering).
• the two conductive layers of the system do not have to be transparent, even translucent.
• One of the faces can be of mirror type.
• cathode a layer of ITO preceded by a thin layer (a few nm) of copper or zinc phthalocyanine, or a thin layer (less than 10 nm) of metal. or alloy.
• p-doped transparent semiconductors such as, for example, of CuAlO ⁇ , CuSriO ⁇ , or ZnO: N type.
• the upper electrode generally consists of layers of doped oxide of the ITO, SnO ⁇ : F or ZnO type doped, for example with Al, Ga, ... or of a layer of aluminum metal by example or of the silver type possibly associated with one or more protective layers possibly also conductive (Ni, Cr, NiCr, etc.), and with one or more protective layers and / or with an optical role, made of dielectric material (metal oxide, Si 3 N 4 , BaTi0 3 ).
• the present invention by using this type of additional conductive network, will retain these important advantages, but it will also exploit another possibility offered by its presence: thanks to these wires or these bands, we will be able to deport the current buses out of the surface covered by the upper conductive layer, by putting them in electrical connection not with this layer but with the ends of these wires or bands, configured so as to "protrude” from the surface of the conductive layer.
• the conductive network comprises a plurality of metallic wires, arranged on the surface of a sheet of polymer of the thermoplastic type: this sheet can be affixed with the wires embedded on its surface on the upper conductive layer to ensure their physical contact / electrical connection.
• the thermoplastic sheet can be used for laminating the first carrier substrate of the glass type with another glass and thus ensuring a safety function by structural assembly.
• the wires / bands are arranged essentially parallel to one another (they can be straight or wavy), preferably in an orientation essentially parallel to the length or to the width of the upper conductive layer.
• the ends of these wires project from the area of the substrate covered by the upper conductive layer on two of its opposite sides, in particular by at least 0.5 mm, for example by 3 to 10 mm.
• They can be made of copper, tungsten, tungsten with a colored surface (oxide, graphite, etc.), or even an iron-based alloy of the iron-nickel type.
• the ends of the wires can be electrically isolated from the latter (where they are likely to be in contact with its active area) by interposition of tape (s ) of insulating material, for example based on polymer.
• the present patent application now endeavors to describe different types of current bus and their arrangements in the system.
• the ends of the wires / strips of the above-mentioned conductive network can be electrically connected to current buses in the form of flexible strips of insulating polymer covered on one of their faces of conductive coatings.
• This type of feed is sometimes referred to by the English term "PFC” (Flexible Printed Circuit) or "FLC” (Fiat Laminated Cable) and is already used in systems various electrical / electronic. Its flexibility, the different configuration variants that can be obtained, the fact that the current bus is electrically isolated on one of its faces, make its use very attractive in the present case.
• the ends of these wires are in electrical contact with two deactivated zones of the lower conductive layer, and these two deactivated zones are in electrical connection with the current buses intended for the upper electrode. It can conveniently be conductive "clips" pinching the carrier substrate in the aforementioned areas. It is an original solution to use the lower electrode to ensure the electrical connection of the upper electrode.
• the current buses of the lower electrode can be electrically connected along two of its opposite edges in active areas not covered by the active stack. These buses can be the previously mentioned clips.
• the current buses of the lower and / or upper electrodes can also be in the form of conventional foils, for example in the form of metal strips of the optionally tinned copper type.
• the current buses of the lower and / or upper electrodes may also be in the form of a conductive wire (or of several assembled conductive wires) similar to the network of wires forming the current leads associated with the polymer film in connection with the electroconductive layers of the electroluminescent system.
• These wires can be made of copper, tungsten or tungsten with a colored surface (graphite, oxide, etc.) and can be similar to those used to form the conductive network mentioned above. They can have a diameter ranging from 10 to 600 ⁇ m. This type of wire is indeed sufficient to supply the electrodes satisfactorily, and are remarkably discreet: it may become unnecessary to mask them when the device is mounted.
• the configuration of the current buses is very adaptable.
• substantially rectangular active systems can have a number of different geometric shapes, in particular following the geometric shape of their carrier substrate: circle, square, semi-circle, oval, any polygon, rhombus. , trapezoid, square, any parallelogram ...
• the current buses are no longer necessarily for each electrode to be supplied with "pairs" of current buses facing each other. It can thus be, for example, current buses which go all around the conductive layer (or at least which runs along a good part of its periphery). This is quite achievable when the current bus is a simple common thread. It can even be a current bus punctual, especially when the device is small.
• the glazing according to the invention may include additional functionalities: it may for example comprise an infrared reflecting coating, as described in patent EP-825 478. It may also include a hydrophilic, anti-reflective, hydrophobic coating , a photocatalytic coating with anti-fouling properties comprising titanium oxide in anatase form, as described in patent WO 00/03290.
• Figures 2, 6, 7 illustrate different modes of electrical connection of the electroluminescent systems shown in Figures 1, 3, 4, 5.
• thermoluminescent glazing in a laminated structure with two glasses, in a configuration suitable for example for use as glazing for the automobile or the building.
• All the figures represent a glass 1, provided with a lower conductive layer 2, with an active stack 3, surmounted by an upper conductive layer 2 ′, with a network of conductive wires 4 above the lower conductive layer 2 and encrusted on the surface of a sheet 5 of ethylene vinyl acetate EVA, in PU (polyurethane) or in PVB (polyvinyl butyral).
• the glazing also includes a second glass 1 '.
• the two glasses 1, 1 ′ and the sheet of EVA, PU, or PVB are joined together by a known technique of laminating or calendering, by heating, optionally under pressure.
• the lower conductive layer 2 is a layer based on doped metal oxide, in particular indium oxide doped with tin called ITO or tin oxide doped with fluorine SnO ⁇ iF, or zinc oxide doped with aluminum ZnO: Al for example, possibly deposited on a precoat of the silicon oxide, oxycarbide or oxynitride type, with an optical function and / or with an alkali barrier function when the substrate is made of glass.
• doped metal oxide in particular indium oxide doped with tin called ITO or tin oxide doped with fluorine SnO ⁇ iF, or zinc oxide doped with aluminum ZnO: Al for example, possibly deposited on a precoat of the silicon oxide, oxycarbide or oxynitride type, with an optical function and / or with an alkali barrier function when the substrate is made of glass.
• the conductive layer forming the "lower" electrode may be a bilayer consisting of a first SiOC layer of thickness between 10 and 150 nm, in particular from 20 to 70 nm and preferably 50 nm surmounted by a second layer in Sn ⁇ 2: F from 100 to 1000 nm, in particular from 200 to 600 nm and preferably of the order of 400 nm (two layers preferably deposited successively by CVD on the float glass before cutting).
• the lower electrode consists of a single layer of ITO or SnO 2 : F from 100 to 1000 nm, and in particular of the order of 100 to 300 nm.
• it may be a bilayer consisting of a first layer based on SiO ⁇ doped with Al or B type with a thickness between 10 and 150 nm, in particular from 10 to 70 nm and preferably approximately 20 nm surmounted by a second layer of ITO from 100 to 1000 nm, and preferably of the order of 100 to 300 nm (two layers preferably deposited successively, under vacuum, by sputtering assisted by magnetic field and reactive in presence of oxygen, possibly hot).
• the conductive wires 4 shown in the figures are rectilinear parallel wires between them made of copper, deposited on the sheet 5 of EVA or PU by a technique known in the field of heated windshields with wires, for example described in the patents EP- 785 700, EP-553 025, EP-506 521, EP-496 669. Schematically, this involves using a heated pressure roller which presses the wire on the surface of the polymer sheet, pressure roller supplied wire from a supply reel using a wire guide device.
• the EVA sheet 5 has a thickness of about 0.8 mm.
• the two glasses 1, 1 ′ are made of standard clear silica-soda-lime glass of approximately 2 mm thickness each.
• EXAMPLE 1 This is the configuration shown in Figure 1:
• the active system 3 breaks down as follows according to a stack of layers comprising at least one layer 3a "HIL" based on an unsaturated heterocyclic compound, in particular polyunsaturated such as a copper or zinc phthalocyanine of thickness between 3 and 15 nm and preferably 5 nm, a layer 3b called “HTL” of approximately 10 to 150 nm, in particular from 20 to 100 nm and preferably 50 nm in thickness of N, N'-diphenyl-N, N ' bis (3-methylphenyl) - 1,1 '-biphenyl-4,4'diamine (TPD) or N, N'-bis- (1 -naphthyl) -N, N'-diphenyl-1, 1' - biphenyl -4,4'-diamine ( ⁇ -NPD), a layer 3c of evaporated molecules of approximately 50 to 500 nm
• the upper conductive layer 2' is based on a metal or an electropositive metal alloy (Al, Mg, Ca, Li ...) possibly preceded by a thin layer of dielectric LiF, the upper conductive layer 2 'and the dielectric layer are deposited by evaporation.
• the active system 3 and the upper conductive layer 2 ′ also cover a rectangular area of the substrate, possibly of dimensions smaller than that covered by the lower conductive layer. These two rectangular areas are centered with respect to each other.
• " ⁇ - in FIG. 2, current buses 6 are shown which are symmetrical with one another: these are two conductive strips 6a, 6b of approximately U shape, possibly coated with an insulating polymer.
• the conductive coating (the insulating polymer has been removed at this location to make this part of the conductive) is turned towards the wires 4.
• the conductive coating (the insulating polymer has been removed at this point to make this part of the conductor conductive) is turned towards the conductive layer lower 2.
• the conductive coatings of the strip 6a are in electrical contact with the wires 4, and therefore provide via these wires 4 the electrical supply of the upper electrode and of the current leads.
• the end of these wires, outside the surface covered by the stack 3, is in contact only with the polymeric support insulating current leads: this avoids any risk of short circuit between these wires and the lower electrode 2.
• the conductive coatings of the strip 6b are in contact with the zones of the lower conductive layer 2 which are active and not covered by the stack 3: they make it possible to supply electricity to the lower conductive layer 2 via the leads of current.
• ⁇ the active system 3 is broken down as follows according to a stack of layers comprising at least one layer 3a" HIL "based on an unsaturated heterocyclic compound, in particular polyunsaturated such as a copper or zinc phthalocyanine between 3 and 15 nm and preferably 5 nm thick, a layer 3b called “HTL” of about 10 to 150 nm, especially from 20 to 100 nm and preferably 50 nm thick, of N, N'-bis- (1 -naphthyl ) -N, N'-diphenyl-1, 1 '- biphenyl-4,4'-diamine ( ⁇ -NPD), a 3c layer from 10 to 300 nm and in particular from 20 to 100 nm and preferably from 50 nm d thickness of Alq 3 emitting molecules.
• HTL unsaturated heterocyclic compound, in particular polyunsaturated such as a copper or zinc phthalocyanine between 3 and 15 nm and preferably 5 nm thick
• he upper conductive layer 2 ′ is a 2 nm layer of 55 nm ITO deposited by a sputtering technique, it is preceded by a thin layer 2′b of 5 nm of copper phthalocyanine or a layer 2'b of 10 nm of an Mg: Al alloy (30: 1), deposited by evaporation.
• Example 3 The difference from Example 1 lies in the nature of the active system 3.
• it is a stack of layers comprising a layer 3a "HIL" in PEDT / PSS from 10 to 300 nm and in particular of 20 at 100 nm and preferably 50 nm thick and a layer 3b of polymer based on PPV, PPP, DO-PPP, MEH-PPV, CN-PPV from 50 to 500 nm, in particular from 75 to 300 nm and preferably 100 nm thick.
• a layer 3b of polymer based on PPV, PPP, DO-PPP, MEH-PPV, CN-PPV from 50 to 500 nm, in particular from 75 to 300 nm and preferably 100 nm thick.
• These layers are produced using a “spin coating” technique.
• the active system 3 consists of a stack of layers comprising at least one layer 3a based on active material from 100 to 1000 nm, in particular from 300 to 700 nm and preferably of the order of 500 nm in thickness, such as for example ZnS: Mn, SrS: Ce, Zn 2 Si04: Mn, Zn 2 Ge ⁇ 2 : Mn or ZnGa 2 ⁇ 4 : Mn, this layer 3a obtained by evaporation or by “sputtering” is associated by share and the other to an insulating layer 3e and 3f of dielectric material from 50 to 300 nm, in particular from 100 to 200 nm and preferably of the order of 150 nm in thickness (Si 3 N 4 , BaTi0 3 or Al 2 ⁇ 3 / Ti ⁇ 2), the layers 3e and 3f are produced by “sputtering” and are not necessarily of the same nature and of the same thickness.
• the active system 3 is constituted by a stack of layers, deposited by evaporation or by “sputtering”, comprising at least one layer based on active material from 100 to 1000 nm, in particular from 300 to 700 nm and preferably of the order of 500 nm in thickness, such as for example ZnS: Mn , SrS: Ce, Zn 2 Si04: Mn, Zn ⁇ GeO ⁇ iMn or ZnGa 2 ⁇ 4 : Mn, this layer being associated on both sides with an insulating layer obtained by "sputtering" in dielectric material of 50 to 300 nm, in particular 100 to 200 nm and preferably of the order of 150 nm in thickness (Si 3 N 4 , BaTiO 3 or Al 2 ⁇ 3 / Ti ⁇ 2 ) My conductive layer 2 'above 50 at 300 nm, in particular
• the active system 3 consists of a stack of layers comprising a layer based on active material from 10 to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 15 to 50 ⁇ m and preferably of the order of 30 ⁇ m in thickness, such as for example ZnS: Mn or ZnS: Cu, this layer being associated with an insulating layer of dielectric material from 10 to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 15 to 50 ⁇ m and preferably of the order of 25 ⁇ m in thickness of BaTi0.
• My upper conductive layer 2 ′ from 10 to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 15 to 50 ⁇ m and preferably of the order of 7 ⁇ m in thickness, is based on aluminum, silver or carbon.
• these clips are fixed and cover the edge of the glass, so as to be electrically connected to the edges of the layer 2 which are active. They are shorter than the length separating the two incision lines from the diaper.
• the clips are clipped onto the glass 1', thereby establishing an electrical connection with the deactivated zones of layer 2. These deactivated zones, isolated from the rest of the layer, will make the electrical connection with the ends of the wires 4, and also make it possible to supply the upper conductive layer 2 '.
• the deactivated zones of the lower electrode 2 are thus used in order to be able to supply electricity to the upper electrode via the conducting wires 4.
• the current buses are in fact standard foils, in the form of tinned copper strips approximately 3 mm wide: - strips 14a, 14b for supplying the lower conductive layer 2,> - Strips 15a, 15b for supplying the upper conductive layer via the end of the wires 4 of the conductive network (in fact two overlapping foils sandwiching the end of the wires 4).
• the invention allows many variations in the way of electrically supplying systems of the electroluminescent type. It is conceivable to use a network of conductive wires or screen-printed conductive strips for the lower electrode, instead of or in addition to the wires used in the examples for the upper electrode.
• Different current buses can be used, including standard foils or flexible polymer strips provided with conductive coatings. Particularly discreet current buses can also be used, such as simple conductive wires or even point current leads.
• Devices of the electroluminescent glazing type of very diverse geometry can be made, even if the examples, for the sake of simplicity, describe active stacks of rectangular surface.
• electroluminescent glazing find applications in lighting in the building sector (comfort, security, decoration lighting) on walls, ceilings, railings, in the automotive field on roofs, side windows, rear glasses, head-up display
• the invention resides in the fact of spreading the sighted electric buses to the periphery of the active layers delimiting the strictly speaking active area of the glazing, while allowing these current buses to dissipate and distribute uniformly a substantial electrical energy. at the current leads, which are almost invisible at the electrodes lower and / or higher.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Nonlinear Science (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=32039563

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (26)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 2002
  • 2002-10-09 FR FR0212519A patent/FR2845778B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-10-01 EP EP03780207A patent/EP1550169A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-10-01 KR KR1020057006153A patent/KR20050061525A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2003-10-01 US US10/530,062 patent/US20060152137A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-10-01 WO PCT/FR2003/002869 patent/WO2004034483A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2003-10-01 JP JP2004542539A patent/JP2006502544A/ja active Pending
  • 2003-10-01 CN CNA2003801012612A patent/CN1703788A/zh active Pending
  • 2003-10-01 AU AU2003288307A patent/AU2003288307A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-10-01 PL PL03375106A patent/PL375106A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events