Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
  • D06M13/285—Phosphines; Phosphine oxides; Phosphine sulfides; Phosphinic or phosphinous acids or derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/325—Amines
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
  • D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides

Definitions

• This invention relates to flame-retardant fabrics, in particular to flame-retardant fabrics made entirely from blended fibres and to flame-retardant fabrics made from two or more different fibres, at least one of which is a blended fibre.
• the term "blended fibre” will be used to include intimate blends (where staple fibre of two or more different fibres are spun together to form a single yarn). Staple fibres are formed by chopping different extruded fibre into short predetermined lengths. Such staple fibres have the required physical properties to enable the spinning of intimate blends containing two or more fibres.
• blended fabric will be used to include fabrics made entirely from a single blended fibre, fabrics made from two or more blended fibres and union fabrics (where warp and weft are each made from a different fibre, at least one of which is a blended fibre).
• Blended fibres are used in the production of fabrics, in woven and knitted constructions, in order to impart to the finished fabric the optimised properties of the blend components, for example strength, wear, handle, drape, dyeing capacity, resistance to chemical attack and flame-retardancy.
• Flame-retardant fabrics are known and can include fibres which have been rendered flame-retardant and/or fibres which are inherently flame-retardant.
• a known process for the flame-retardant treatment of fabrics including cellulosic (e.g. cotton) fibres consists of impregnation of the fabric with an aqueous solution of a poly(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium compound, for example, a tetrakis(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium (THP + ) salt.
• a poly(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium compound for example, a tetrakis(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium (THP + ) salt.
• the poly(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium compound may comprise a condensate with a nitrogen containing compound such as urea.
• the fabric is then dried and cured with ammonia to produce a cured, water-insoluble polymer which is mechanically fixed within the fibres of the fabric. After curing, the polymer is oxidised to convert trivalent phosphorus to pentavalent phosphorus and the fabric is washed and dried.
• a particularly preferred treatment is disclosed in the applicant's granted patent GB 2 294 479 , which provides a composition adapted to confer both flame-retardant and fabric-softening properties on a textile material, the composition comprising an aqueous solution of the product obtained by the reaction of:
• An alternative known process for rendering cotton fibres flame-retardant comprises treating the fibres (either before or after incorporation into a fabric) with N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide (DMPP).
• DMPP N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide
• Compositions including DMPP are available under the Registered Trade Mark PYROVATEX ® of Ciba Speciality Chemicals.
• Blends of polyamide imide and cotton fibres treated with N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide have been found to have low physical strength and poor resistance to ultra-violet radiation.
• the poor performance of such blends in terms of resistance to ultra-violet radiation is attributable to both the inferior performance of cotton treated with N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide and of the polyamide imide fibre.
• Flame-retardant finishes based on N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide have also been found to be susceptible to acid hydrolysis over storage, wear and wash in-use cycles. We have found that acid hydrolysis of N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide treated cotton can exhibit a degrading effect on the flame-retardant performance of blends of such treated cotton fibres with polyamide imide fibres.
• KERMEL ® fibres While fabrics including KERMEL ® fibres have found application in protective clothing for firefighters and in heat-resistant filters, and military clothing, KERMEL ® is a high cost fibre and as such its use has effectively been restricted to incorporation into textiles as a blend with viscose fibres (which have inherent flame-retardant properties) Such blends exhibit full physical strength, but inferior shrinkage performance, low wet strength and laundering properties. These disadvantages stem from the use of the viscose fibre. In addition to these aforementioned disadvantages it is also not possible to achieve satisfactory colouration of fabrics made from these blends for use in the industrial arena.
• the present invention provides a flame-retardant fabric made from blended fibres (as hereinbefore defined), said fabric comprising polyamide imide fibres and cellulosic fibres, said cellulosic fibres having been rendered flame-retardant by treatment with a composition comprising the product obtained by reaction of:
• the THP + salt is preferably a tetrakis(hydroxyalkyl)phosphonium salt, for example, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) or tetrakis (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulphate (THPS).
• THPC tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride
• THPS tetrakis (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulphate
• the organic nitrogen compound is preferably an amide, for example, urea or thiourea.
• the aliphatic hydroxyl-reactive compound may be any one or more of the following:
• the aliphatic, hydroxyl-reactive compound contains at least one alkyl group having 14 carbon atoms.
• the compound may be a primary, secondary or tertiary amine such as n-tetradecylamine.
• the cellulosic fibre may be flax, cotton, linen, jute or hessian.
• the ratio of the cellulosic fibre to the polyamide imide fibre in the blend is in the range to 15:85 to 85:15.
• the ratio of cellulosic fibre to polyamide imide fibre in the blend is 70:30.
• blended fibres used in accordance with the present invention may be in the form of an intimate or non-intimate blend, a staple blend or a core-spun yarn.
• Flame-retardant fabrics according to the present invention may be woven, knitted or non-woven as an intimate blend or as a union fabric.
• the optimum weight of the fabric will be determined by the intended end-use, but a generally serviceable weight range for such fabrics would be 200 to 500 g/m 2 (for example, 250 to 400 g/m 2 ).
• the results obtained confirm the high level of tensile strength of polyamide imide fibres.
• the results also show the relatively high level of tensile strength that can be obtained from the combination of a polyamide imide fibre and cotton treated with a flame retardant based on tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride in an intimate blend (sample (a)).
• the high level of tensile strength performance determined in the testing of this blend is especially evident when a comparison is made with the resultant tensile strength properties of intimate blends of polyamide imide fibres and flame retardant viscose (sample (b)). This was found to be the case, even when the blend of polyamide imide fibre and viscose contains a significantly higher level of polyamide imide fibre.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9940061

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2002
  • 2002-07-09 GB GBGB0215803.8A patent/GB0215803D0/en not_active Ceased
• 2003
  • 2003-07-03 AU AU2003251148A patent/AU2003251148A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-03 DE DE60336155T patent/DE60336155D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-07-03 AT AT03762773T patent/ATE499482T1/de active
  • 2003-07-03 ES ES03762773T patent/ES2361738T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-07-03 EP EP03762773A patent/EP1549796B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-07-03 WO PCT/GB2003/002858 patent/WO2004005606A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2006
  • 2006-01-03 HK HK06100029.9A patent/HK1080521B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation

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