EP1540426A1 - Metronom - Google Patents
MetronomInfo
- Publication number
- EP1540426A1 EP1540426A1 EP03797138A EP03797138A EP1540426A1 EP 1540426 A1 EP1540426 A1 EP 1540426A1 EP 03797138 A EP03797138 A EP 03797138A EP 03797138 A EP03797138 A EP 03797138A EP 1540426 A1 EP1540426 A1 EP 1540426A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- movement
- metronome
- display
- light sources
- tempo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/02—Metronomes
- G04F5/025—Electronic metronomes
Definitions
- This invention relates to a metronome for optically and / or acoustically indicating the tempo, the beat and the division of the beat of pieces of music for musicians, dancers, choreographers, gymnasts and for supporting the rhythm or rhythmic movements in general, such as for users of speech therapies, for athletes of all kinds, etc.
- the conventional, by far the most widespread metronomes show the beat of a piece of music by means of a pendulum rod, which is pivotally articulated on a horizontal axis of a clockwork and can swing back and forth around it. It is powered by a spring-operated, windable movement.
- a mass piece that can be moved in height at the pendulum rod enables the moment of inertia of the pendulum rod to be changed so that the frequency of the pendulum movement can be adjusted.
- the clockwork makes a ticking or clacking noise, which resembles the sound of firewood and thus indicates the turning times acoustically.
- Such a metronome usually has a bell
- the bell can be struck at every turning point, every second, every third, fourth or even only every fifth turning point of the pendulum rod.
- Such conventional metronomes indicate optically and acoustically the clock with different adjustable frequencies, but they lead the user too little natural and close to the rhythm.
- the user In the time intervals between the two turning points of the pendulum rod, the user is not guided or is guided poorly. He can only guess the temporal "position" of the next turning point or acoustic shock, to a certain extent based on the past, but is not introduced to it naturally.
- midi code In recording studios for the multi-track setting of a piece of music or a film with a synchronous track, the so-called midi code is used. This synchronous track corresponds to a standard. Using a microphone or an appropriate interface, it is possible to record, vocal, instrumentally or by means of a computer, synthesizer, sequencer or a drum or bass machine, that is to say dubbing or post-processing. One speaks of so-called "overdubs”.
- any musician could sharpen his rhythm feeling and practice more efficiently with a metronome that better introduces him to the rhythm and then leads it closely to it. But not only musicians could improve rhythmically, athletes could also improve their movements, and movement and speech therapists could better and better support their patients.
- the object of the present invention is therefore generally to create a metronome, which primarily allows better rhythmic guidance of the user, be it optically or acoustically or in combination of an optical and acoustic rhythm indication. Furthermore, the metronome should make different clock divisions acoustically displayable.
- a third object of the invention is to realize an interactivity with a metronome, which allows it to communicate with the user depending on the rhythm of his singing, playing or his way of movement, in order to accelerate or slow down his rhythm to stop.
- the rhythm should be displayed naturally in every embodiment, that is to say that it is closer to the natural movement experience of the person, more familiar and appropriate than it is to swing a pendulum rod back and forth.
- a first object is achieved by a metronome for specifying the tempo, measure and the division of the measure of pieces of music or movement.
- rhythm with a battery-powered voltage source or an electrical mains connection which is distinguished by the fact that it includes a display for the optical display of a movement, which describes a throwing parabola-like arc, and that means for controlling the display are provided, so that the optical movement with an adjustable frequency and running.
- a second object is achieved by a metronome for specifying the tempo, time and the division of the time of pieces of music or movement rhythms with a battery-powered voltage source or an electrical mains connection, which is characterized in that means are available for the optional electrical generation of sounds for dynamic acoustic marking of the turning points of the movement and optionally further acoustic subdivision of the time intervals between the turning points of the movement.
- a third object is achieved by a metronome for specifying the tempo, clock and the division of the clock of music or movement rhythms with a battery-powered voltage source or an electrical mains connection, which is characterized in that it includes a display for the optical display of a movement , which describes a parabolic arc, and that there are means for controlling the display so that the optical movement reciprocates at an adjustable frequency, and / or that there are means for optionally electrically generating tones for dynamic acoustic marking of the turning points of the movement and for optionally further acoustic subdivision of the time intervals between the turning points of the movement, as well as that a sensor and an electronic circuit with software for recording acoustic impulses are present, by means of which an optical or acoustic rhythm indication is dependent It can be reproduced from adjustable forward and return tolerances of the rhythms recorded by the sensor.
- Figure 1 A metronome with a row arranged along an arc
- Figure 2 A metronome with a row arranged along an arc
- FIG. 1 shows a metronome in a first embodiment. It consists of a housing 1, which optionally contains a battery as a voltage source or has an electrical mains connection. A number of discrete light sources 2 are arranged on the front, along a row, so that this row of light sources 3 forms an arc.
- This arch 3 here forms the display for the optical display of a movement which describes a parabolic arch. As can be seen, this arc 3 is parabolic, the parabola looking like a parabola or being identical to a parabola.
- the distances between the individual light sources 2 are different. The distances decrease increasingly from the lowest light sources until the distances at the top vertex of the parabola are minimal.
- the distances are dimensioned such that at a stationary frequency with which, starting with a lower end of the row of light sources, the discrete light sources 2 light up in succession, a chasing light is generated which initially runs quickly, increasingly towards the apex of the parabola slows down to become faster again after passing the apex and to be accelerated until the other end of the parabola is reached.
- the running light therefore describes in principle exactly the movement of a projectile in the airless space of a gravitational field.
- the choice of the distances between the individual light sources determines the acceleration which acts on the running light, i.e. the fictitious throwing body.
- This parabola-like movement of the running light corresponds to a natural movement that every human being is very familiar with by nature.
- the time intervals at which the light sources 2 of the row of light sources arranged in an arc light up one after the other are constant.
- the distances between the individual light sources are variable, as can be clearly seen in the drawing. These are calculated mathematically based on a throwing parabola and accordingly the light sources 2 are arranged at different distances, so that the light sources 2 which light up at constant time intervals generate a running light which decelerates in the vertical direction from a constant negative acceleration and vice versa when moving down is accelerated with a constant positive acceleration.
- Mechanical, electrical or electronic control means, which belong to the metronome, are used for the sequential activation of the light sources 2 on the row of this parabola.
- control means can be a mechanical watch, which closes an electrical contact after each elapsed, constant, but adjustable time interval, which lights up the next light source 2 in the row. But the funds can also be made electrically, in the form of a Wagner i rule breaker like an old house bell. The distance between the hammer and the electromagnet then determines the frequency.
- the least complex and probably the most economical version uses an electronic circuit with or without a microprocessor. Such an electronic circuit, namely a microprocessor, could also have a data interface for controlling other devices. This means that a sequencer, a computer or an electrical instrument with the same frequency or electrical signals generated by it can then be controlled. Conversely, the metronome can be used by others via this interface Devices can be controlled or data transfers can be made, for example to load updates, new sounds, new presets or the like.
- the light sources 2 are arranged along the arc 3 at constant distances from each other.
- the time intervals between the lighting up of the light sources 2 against the vertex of the parabola or the arch 3 are extended, so that the chasing light slows down visually, and after passing the vertex, the chaser becomes optically accelerated in the same way by gradually shortening the distances between the light sources, so that the same effect is finally achieved and the running light behaves optically the same or very similar to a bouncing or elastically jumping ball.
- This special control of the light sources after different time intervals is best carried out by a microprocessor.
- the time interval between the turning points of the running light can then also be set via this.
- the running light jumps back and forth more or less quickly.
- the visual impression of a throwing path of a body recorded in slow motion
- the impression of a throwing path at a fast motion pace Somewhere in between lies a frequency at which the trajectory corresponds to the natural trajectory of a body under the influence of earth's gravitation, although neglecting air resistance. Nevertheless, the visual impression of the running light jumping back and forth seems to be very natural and familiar. Because the viewer between the turning points is guided optically, he can guess the time of the next turning point much more precisely and incorporate it into his sense of rhythm.
- acoustic display of the turning points This can optionally be supported by the acoustic display of the turning points.
- an acoustic tone is generated electronically, which has a strong starting tip or swells towards such a tip and then quickly subsides, similar to an impacting and somewhat elastically rebounding throwing ball.
- FIG. 1 shows a three-digit counter 4 with a rotary knob 5, 6, 7 for each of the three digits of the counter 4. Furthermore, one sees a separate counter 8 with the associated rotary knob 9. Below the parabolic curve 3 are five controllers 10- 14 drawn in the form of sliders which can be shifted from a lower minimum position up to a maximum position there. There is an on / off switch 16 at the top right. This metronome is now put into operation as follows.
- the running light When switched on by actuating the on / off switch 16, the running light begins to run along the arcuately arranged light sources 2 and then runs back and forth between the last two light sources on both sides.
- the number of strokes per minute can now be set using knobs 5, 6 and 7.
- the rotary knob 5 effects the setting of the hundreds, that is to say approximately one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, etc. stops, these hundreds being displayed in the counter window 4 on the far left.
- the rotary knob 6 allows the setting of the tens and the rotary knob 7 the setting of the ones.
- a stroke rate of 146 per minute is set as an example, which usually corresponds to 146 quarter notes per minute.
- a specific time signature can be set with the rotary knob 9.
- the associated counter 8 shows the value 4, which means 4/4 time. If the counter shows the value 3, then a 3/4 cycle has been entered. a 6/8 time at 6. With the settings made so far, the metronome is ready for use. So in the setting example shown there is a quarter bar with 146 strokes per minute, and because a quarter bar is set, the first quarter note of each bar is indicated acoustically, i.e. always the one out of four quarter notes, i.e. one two three four one two three four etc. If the same number of strokes per minute is selected with a three-quarter time, i.e. with a three in the display 8, the first quarter note of a three-fourth time is shown acoustically, i.e.
- the acoustic strength or the sound volume of this acoustic display can be regulated with the slider 10.
- further beats within a certain set cycle can now be acoustically displayed by generating an acoustic tone at the corresponding cycle points.
- the slider 11 makes the first sixteenth of every quarter note sound, depending on the sliding position more or less loud.
- the slider 12 sounds the second sixteenth of every quarter note, the slider 13 the third sixteenth of every quarter note, the slider 14 the fourth sixteenth of every quarter note, and the slider 15 finally the second and third eighth triplet of each quarter note.
- buttons 5,6,7; 9 and 10-14 are setting buttons 5,6,7; 9 and 10-14, each with a plus key for rising and a minus key for falling values.
- the setting can also be made using fewer buttons, for example by providing a single liquid crystal display which has menu navigation, so that all the desired values are set in succession with a plus / minus button and via a set function, for example in one E 2 -PROM (Electrical Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) can be saved.
- the display for displaying the movement can also be a liquid crystal display LCD, on which the movement of a throwing body is graphically displayed. In this case the metronome does not need any light sources.
- the metronome can have a large number of radio take over which are adjustable on the metronome.
- the starting point can be selected, i.e. whether the movement or the running light starts on the left or right.
- the tones superimposed on the movement or the running light can be adjusted in quality and volume. With different timbres and volumes, the first beats of each bar can be acoustically displayed.
- the counting modes are particularly helpful functions.
- the count-in mode for example, consists of a preset with n loops, for example 4 to 8 loops.
- the metronome starts up, the musician adopts the specified tempo and the motronom stops automatically after the defined number of bars.
- the count-through mode on the other hand, consists of a preset with ⁇ loops. The metronome runs after being switched on until it is switched off manually.
- a modified counting mode consists of presets that are put together into one piece. The metronome plays the piece either continuously, once or a defined number of times.
- the metronome can also be implemented in a purely acoustic version.
- only means are available for the optional electrical generation of tones for the dynamic acoustic marking of the turning points of the movement and for optionally further acoustic subdivision of the time intervals between the turning points of the movement.
- Such an acoustic indication of the turning points can also naturally guide a user in rhythm.
- a tone is synthetically generated, which acoustically simulates, for example, the approaching of a bouncing or jumping ball and / or accompanied.
- a noise reverberates after a ball hits.
- a tone can be specified in advance of the stroke and changed in terms of sound or in terms of frequency or volume, so that you are acoustically introduced to the point in time.
- Such a metronome which guides the user in a purely acoustically, quasi-seamless and natural way, is particularly advantageous if you have to look at notes, for example, and cannot pay attention to a visual display.
- Interactive functions can be implemented with a data interface, either on a purely optical metronome, or on a purely acoustic metronome, or also on a metronome of the type presented, which is both optically and acoustically active.
- the metronome can be used with a microphone or a sensor in the form of a sensitive surface, which interacts with a pad or piezo crystal as an electrical pulse generator, on which it can be given a one-time or permanent pace by rhythmically pressing on it.
- the intervals between the constantly entered basic beats are measured and the pace is determined, the tolerance of the deviation of the predetermined frequency being adjustable. If beats are outside the set tolerance or if no input is made, the metronome continues to run at a constant tempo based on the last valid tempo input.
- the interactivity can also enable errors to be detected via an external or internal microphone. For example, a tolerance can be entered as a plus and / or minus value, and the metronome then checks the correspondence with its predefined basic beats by comparing the signal coming from the microphone or sensor. The error can be indicated optically or acoustically. The musician can even be actively asked by the metronome to play slower or faster until he plays in sync with the metronome again. Entries from the microphone that come after the first beat and before the second beat are acknowledged with "slower”. Entries after the first beat that arrive after the second beat are acknowledged accordingly with "faster”. In a special mode, the measurement results can also be cumulated and only given at the end.
- the metronome then continuously records the deviation of the user from the specified rhythm by sending the acoustic or mechanical signals generated by the user via the microphone or the sensor and records the deviations continuously.
- the metronome can then, for example, optically or acoustically indicate the cumulative measurement result, namely what percentage of the musicians played too fast or too slowly compared to the specified tempo, or how many hits
- this metronome allows for unimaginable variations in operation, but its most important advantage is that the user is much more natural, familiar, and close to the egg thanks to the throwing parabola-like back and forth movement a rhythm and then "guided" along it.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH15772002 | 2002-09-18 | ||
CH15772002 | 2002-09-18 | ||
PCT/CH2003/000619 WO2004027524A1 (de) | 2002-09-18 | 2003-09-15 | Metronom |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1540426A1 true EP1540426A1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
EP1540426B1 EP1540426B1 (de) | 2010-09-08 |
Family
ID=32000107
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03797138A Expired - Lifetime EP1540426B1 (de) | 2002-09-18 | 2003-09-15 | Metronom |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7432433B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1540426B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4568605B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE480802T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003258442A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50313076D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004027524A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4451174B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-15 | 2010-04-14 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 電子式メトロノーム及び電子式メトロノームのテンポの提示方法 |
US7774707B2 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2010-08-10 | Creative Technology Ltd | Method and apparatus for enabling a user to amend an audio file |
US8017853B1 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2011-09-13 | Robert Allen Rice | Natural human timing interface |
CA2582513A1 (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-09-22 | Jeffrey Baker | A method of and light system for dance instruction |
KR100947607B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-03-15 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 연성 필름 |
TWI407987B (zh) * | 2009-12-22 | 2013-09-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 運動導引裝置及運用此裝置之運動引導方法 |
US9336762B2 (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-05-10 | Native Instruments Gmbh | Electronic music instrument with touch-sensitive means |
US9753435B2 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2017-09-05 | Don Brewer | Visual metronome application |
WO2017079317A1 (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-11 | Konrad Meissner | Contact responsive metronome |
US11921469B2 (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2024-03-05 | Clikbrik, LLC | Contact responsive metronome |
WO2018016581A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-01-25 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 楽曲データ処理方法およびプログラム |
US10363472B2 (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2019-07-30 | Makenna Noel Bentley | Training system and method for cuing a jumper on a jump over a crossbar |
US10845765B2 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2020-11-24 | Drum Channel, Llc | Metronome for improving musician's skill |
CN109192010B (zh) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽理工大学 | 一种大学数学教学抛物线演示教具 |
EP4445224A1 (de) * | 2021-12-12 | 2024-10-16 | Globerman, Ziv | Metronomvorrichtung mit echtzeit-feedback und zugehöriges verfahren |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5587982A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1980-07-03 | Susumu Ogura | Intellectual metronome |
JPS6034075B2 (ja) * | 1979-10-05 | 1985-08-06 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 電子メトロノ−ム |
US4321853A (en) * | 1980-07-30 | 1982-03-30 | Georgia Tech Research Institute | Automatic ear training apparatus |
US4649794A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1987-03-17 | George Burrell F | Visual metronome |
JPS63243786A (ja) * | 1987-03-31 | 1988-10-11 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | 電子メトロノ−ムの表示装置 |
US5275082A (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1994-01-04 | Kestner Clifton John N | Visual music conducting device |
US20010042145A1 (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 2001-11-15 | Jennifer Frommer | Method for combining multimedia data with audio data from a compact disk |
-
2003
- 2003-09-15 DE DE50313076T patent/DE50313076D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-15 US US10/528,132 patent/US7432433B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-15 EP EP03797138A patent/EP1540426B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-15 JP JP2004536761A patent/JP4568605B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-15 AT AT03797138T patent/ATE480802T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-15 WO PCT/CH2003/000619 patent/WO2004027524A1/de active Application Filing
- 2003-09-15 AU AU2003258442A patent/AU2003258442A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004027524A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4568605B2 (ja) | 2010-10-27 |
EP1540426B1 (de) | 2010-09-08 |
JP2006500556A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
WO2004027524A1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
US7432433B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 |
US20060101983A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
AU2003258442A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
DE50313076D1 (de) | 2010-10-21 |
ATE480802T1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
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