EP1538228A1 - Cooling process and device for a steel sheet - Google Patents

Cooling process and device for a steel sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1538228A1
EP1538228A1 EP03447278A EP03447278A EP1538228A1 EP 1538228 A1 EP1538228 A1 EP 1538228A1 EP 03447278 A EP03447278 A EP 03447278A EP 03447278 A EP03447278 A EP 03447278A EP 1538228 A1 EP1538228 A1 EP 1538228A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
cooling
strip
band
cooling fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03447278A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stéphane Lecomte
André Fouarge
Denis Bouquegneau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArcelorMittal France SA
Original Assignee
Cockerill Sambre SA
USINOR SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cockerill Sambre SA, USINOR SA filed Critical Cockerill Sambre SA
Priority to EP03447278A priority Critical patent/EP1538228A1/en
Priority to PCT/BE2004/000167 priority patent/WO2005054524A1/en
Priority to PL04797129T priority patent/PL1687455T3/en
Priority to DE602004005362T priority patent/DE602004005362T2/en
Priority to RU2006124519/02A priority patent/RU2356949C2/en
Priority to BRPI0416333A priority patent/BRPI0416333B1/en
Priority to KR1020067010764A priority patent/KR101089082B1/en
Priority to AU2004294469A priority patent/AU2004294469B2/en
Priority to CNB2004800354852A priority patent/CN100465303C/en
Priority to DK04797129T priority patent/DK1687455T3/en
Priority to EP04797129A priority patent/EP1687455B1/en
Priority to CA2544269A priority patent/CA2544269C/en
Priority to AT04797129T priority patent/ATE356891T1/en
Priority to JP2006540104A priority patent/JP2007512431A/en
Priority to ES04797129T priority patent/ES2282918T3/en
Priority to PT04797129T priority patent/PT1687455E/en
Publication of EP1538228A1 publication Critical patent/EP1538228A1/en
Priority to US11/442,934 priority patent/US7645417B2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/573—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with cooling
    • C21D9/5735—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for carrying out the cooling of a steel strip, as part of an annealing process continuously.
  • this cooling is achieved by means of submerged water jets.
  • This operation of cooling can be carried out consecutively to a first cooling operation in a water bath boiling.
  • Continuous annealing is a treatment thermochemical that is applied to steel strips after cold rolling.
  • the "strip" of steel is the product steel industry which, when cut, will produce used metal sheets especially for the manufacture of automobile bodies, carcasses of household appliances, etc.
  • the continuous annealing process consists of scroll the steel strip in an oven where it is exposed to controlled heating and cooling.
  • steel strip circulates vertically, according to a series of successive strands, amounts and descendants, and thus scrolls sequentially through the various stages of treatment.
  • the cooling phase plays a particularly crucial role since it allows, in some cases, reduce the concentration of elements expensive alloys needed to achieve particular microscopic structures, such as of type "dual phase", multiphase, "HLE” (High Limit Elastic), etc.
  • the cooling process corresponds therefore to a metallurgical and economic issue not negligible.
  • the temperature of the band of steel at the outlet of the boiling water bath must remain greater than about 300 ° C.
  • the temperature of the band becomes lower at this temperature, the film of steam becomes unstable and one goes into boiling called nucleus.
  • nucleus In the latter regime, neighboring regions of the strip are subjected to different heat fluxes, which creates important temperature differences. These temperature gradients induce in the steel of mechanical constraints, which may create plastic deformations, therefore permanent and to lead to flatness defects.
  • the strip is first cooled in a water bath whose temperature is above 60 ° C, up to temperature between 200 and 500 ° C, range of temperatures in which occurs the transition between film boiling and nucleate boiling.
  • a water bath whose temperature is above 60 ° C, up to temperature between 200 and 500 ° C, range of temperatures in which occurs the transition between film boiling and nucleate boiling.
  • JP-A-60 009834 uses a set of cooling ramps, arranged on both sides of the steel strip, and immersed in a water tank whose temperature is between 60 and 70% of the boiling temperature. For a configuration given the spray bars, a laminar flow is generated, which avoids the formation of a film of steam in the vicinity of the steel strip.
  • Another document proposes to use the jets impact pressure in order to eliminate the deformations of the band during quenching (see JP-A-11 193418).
  • the applicant recommends applying on both sides of the steel strip a pressure of at least 500 N / cm 2 .
  • the present invention aims to achieve a so-called quenching operation, typically at a speed greater than 1000 ° C / s, applicable to flat metallurgical materials, preferably of steel, in the form of cold rolled strips.
  • This quenching operation must be carried out works by means of jets of cold water, whose temperature is preferably between 0 ° C and 50 ° C, said jets being immersed.
  • the aim of the invention is to ensure conditions of cooling as homogeneous as possible over the entire width of the steel band, by the mastery of the flows within the device.
  • the temperature of the band at the entrance the device must be between 750 ° C and 350 ° C and the temperature at the outlet must be between 0 ° C and 150 ° C.
  • a first object of the present invention a cooling device, to achieve a quenching operation during the annealing treatment continuous operation of a flat product or metallurgical strip, preferably a steel strip, characterized in that said device comprises a plurality of tubes arranged essentially horizontally and symmetrically from on both sides of the strip along the project a cooling fluid to the band at through a slot or a plurality of holes.
  • the fluid of cooling is liquid water maintained at a temperature below 50 ° C.
  • the device is located in essentially vertical strand (angular deviation from vertically less than 30 °), rising or falling and more preferably, the device is located in strand vertical amount while being directly preceded by a water tank at the boiling point.
  • the invention will advantageously be work on an installation where the metallurgical product at treat has a scroll speed between 0.25m / s and 20m / s, and a thickness of between 0.1mm and 10mm.
  • An important feature of the invention lies in the fact that the cooling tubes are dimensioned in such a way that the ejection speed of the cooling fluid is homogeneous over the entire bandwidth.
  • the ratio between the passage section of a tube and the free section of this tube is greater than 1
  • the speed distribution is such that the relative difference between the maximum speed (V max ) and the minimum speed (v min ) of ejection according to the width of the tube is less than 5% or ⁇ max - ⁇ min ⁇ max ⁇ 0.05.
  • the cooling tubes are immersed.
  • said tubes have a rectangular section.
  • the report from one side to the adjacent side of the section rectangular is between 0.1 and 10 and the thickness tubes is between 0.25 times and 10 times the diameter of the holes or the thickness of the slot, in order to control the consistency of the jet, the ratio between the thickness tubes and the diameter of the holes being if necessary still preferably equal to 2/3.
  • said device is provided in its part lower sealing means, preferably an airlock double pair of rollers, allowing both the passage of the band and the creation of a limiting pressure drop at least the leaks down the box of cooling.
  • the distance (A) between each tube and the band is between 50mm and 200mm.
  • the invention advantageously makes it possible to avoid local boiling phenomena by choosing a specific flow rate of the cooling fluid on one side of the strip of between 250 and 1000 m 3 per hour and per m 2 .
  • the maximum specific flow per face was about 580 m 3 per hour per m 2 .
  • the coolant injected by the tubes is evacuated between them, the distance (B) between two successive tubes being identical for all the tubes, the pressure drop being less than 150mm from water column.
  • the device for cooling system is provided with a weir whose height is at least that of the upper jet, so that all jets are immersed.
  • the upper tube is equipped a dam whose height is at least equal to the sum from the thickness of the water slide (H) to the weir and the water column height ( ⁇ H) corresponding to the loss of load between the tubes at maximum flow rate.
  • the tubes are fed with fluid from cooling starting with the most tube lower, or halfway up the plurality of tubes, said tubes being optionally calibrated to compensate load losses.
  • a second subject of the present invention relates to a quenching process during the continuous annealing treatment of a flat product or a metallurgical strip, preferably a steel strip, using a device according to any one of the preceding claims, to achieve a cooling power of between 1000kW / m 2 and 10000kW / m 2 per face of metallurgical product.
  • the temperature of the band at the input of the device is between 350 ° C and 750 ° C and the temperature at the outlet is between 50 ° C and 450 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 100 ° C or between 350 and 450 ° C.
  • Figure 1 schematically represents a sectional view of the cooling device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 schematically represents a provision of the holes for the projection of water on the steel strip in the device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 graphically illustrates the thermal performance of the cooling device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the performances of said device in terms of flatness of the steel strip.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the impact of the uniformity of cooling on the homogeneity of mechanical properties of the steel strip.
  • Figure 5 relates to a steel of the family "dual phase”
  • Figure 6 relates to a steel of the family of steels Multiphase.
  • Figure 7 gives schematically the different positions of the specimens taken according to the width of the sheet, for carrying out the tests relating to Figures 5 and 6.
  • Figure 8 shows the parameters allowing to calculate the index of flatness, these parameters characterizing the sinusoid to which is assimilated the longitudinal profile of the strip at the edge.
  • the device for cooling consists of a set of tubes 1, so-called “ramps” or “cooling ramps”, arranged symmetrically on both sides of the steel strip cool. These ramps are submerged and fed laterally in cooling fluid. Their section is preferably rectangular. In the rest of the presentation the invention, the terms “tubes” and “ramps” will be indistinctly used.
  • this sealing system located in the lower part of the device, which allows both the passage of the band of steel 2 and the creation of a maximum pressure drop of in order to minimize the leakage rate of the fluid from cooling down the box.
  • this sealing system consists of a double pair of rollers 3, applied against the band of steel and positioned symmetrically thereto. Between the rollers, we inject a fluid that we can check the pressure and / or the temperature.
  • Cooling ramps are located at a distance A from the pass line of the band 2. For reasons of space, on the one hand, and in order to limit the total flow in the system, for equivalent performance, on the other hand, the distance maximum between the band and the cooling ramps is fixed at 200mm.
  • a space B is left between two ramps successive stages so that the water injected by the ramps can to be evacuated between them. This guarantees a flow as homogeneous as possible according to the width of the band steel.
  • the choice of distance B results from a compromise between a specific cooling power P maximum, the specific power being defined as the cooling power per unit area and per tape face to cool, and a minimal pressure drop through the evacuation channels, in order to ensure a sufficiently fast renewal of the fluid of cooling in the vicinity of the sheet, and thus avoid the formation of local boiling zones in the vicinity of the bandaged.
  • the distance B is chosen identical between two successive ramps for all ramps, to ensure identical flow conditions in front of all the spray booms. This allows to obtain a vertical homogeneity of the flow. In this way, the cooling fluid injected by a given ramp is evacuated through channels directly adjacent to this ramp. This avoids creating preferential paths and the passage time of the fluid is minimized cooling in the vicinity of the band, still for avoid local formation of boiling zones.
  • Each cooling ramp 1 is provided, on the face exposed to the strip, of at least one slot or a set of holes, as shown in the FIG. 2, intended for the projection of the fluid of cooling to the tape.
  • the distance between two holes successive ones must be such that flow in the near neighborhood of the band can be likened to that of a slot.
  • the ejection speed of the fluid must be sufficient to avoid forming boiling zones in the vicinity Of the band.
  • This ejection speed V is chosen in function of the distance A with respect to the band and is typically between 0 and 10 m / s.
  • the device or cooling box Downstream of the evacuation channels, the device or cooling box includes a spillway 4, over the entire width of the box and whose height corresponds to the jet level of the last ramp, which guarantees that under all conditions of operation, the last ramp is submerged at the same title than the others.
  • the cooling performances of the device were measured under industrial conditions by thermal balance on the basis of the following quantities: temperatures of the steel strip at the inlet and the outlet of the device, length of the section cooling and scrolling speed of the steel strip through the device.
  • Figure 3 shows that the specific cooling power, expressed in kW per square meter and per strip face, is a linear function of the specific flow rate, itself expressed in cubic meters per hour and per square meter for the two cumulative faces. Under the conditions envisaged here, the specific power is between 4000 and 6000kW / m 2 and per product face.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the performance of the device with regard to the flatness of the band steel. They are the image of the homogeneity of the cooling and therefore the control of flows in the device. The characterization of the flatness concerns here long banks.
  • Each point of the figure represents an operating point of the device - defined by the specific cooling power associated - at a given moment during the test campaign industrial.
  • a flatness index expressed in "I" units.
  • An "I” unit corresponds to a relative elongation of 1mm per 100m of steel band.
  • the longitudinal profile of the strip at the edge can be likened to a sinusoid, of wavelength L and of amplitude X.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 there is shown respectively the breaking load, the yield stress (Fig. 6 only) and the elongation at 80% of the load break. It can be concluded from these observations that there is a good homogeneity of the mechanical properties according to width of the band.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

A cooling device for tempering during continuous annealing of a flat product or metal band, preferably a steel band where the device consists of a number of symmetrically arranged horizontal tubes (1) along the band (2) along which a coolant fluid is projected across a slot or a number of holes (cavities, sic). An independent claim is included for a method of tempering during continuous annealing of a flat product or metal band.

Description

Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif destiné à la mise en oeuvre du refroidissement d'une bande d'acier, dans le cadre d'un processus de recuit en continu. En particulier, ce refroidissement est réalisé au moyen de jets d'eau immergés. Cette opération de refroidissement peut être réalisée consécutivement à une première opération de refroidissement dans un bain d'eau bouillante.The present invention relates to a device for carrying out the cooling of a steel strip, as part of an annealing process continuously. In particular, this cooling is achieved by means of submerged water jets. This operation of cooling can be carried out consecutively to a first cooling operation in a water bath boiling.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Le recuit continu est un traitement thermochimique que l'on applique aux bandes d'acier après le laminage à froid. La "bande" d'acier est le produit sidérurgique qui, découpé, donnera des tôles utilisées notamment pour la fabrication des carrosseries automobiles, des carcasses d'appareils électroménagers, etc.Continuous annealing is a treatment thermochemical that is applied to steel strips after cold rolling. The "strip" of steel is the product steel industry which, when cut, will produce used metal sheets especially for the manufacture of automobile bodies, carcasses of household appliances, etc.

Le procédé de recuit continu consiste à faire défiler la bande d'acier dans un four où elle est exposée à un chauffage et à un refroidissement contrôlés. Dans le four de recuit continu, la bande d'acier circule verticalement, selon une série de brins successifs, montants et descendants, et défile ainsi séquentiellement au travers des diverses étapes du traitement.The continuous annealing process consists of scroll the steel strip in an oven where it is exposed to controlled heating and cooling. In the continuous annealing furnace, steel strip circulates vertically, according to a series of successive strands, amounts and descendants, and thus scrolls sequentially through the various stages of treatment.

Le traitement de la bande dans le four comprend généralement les étapes thermiques successives suivantes :

  • préchauffage et chauffage : la bande atteint une température de 700 à 850°C en 2 à 3 minutes ;
The treatment of the strip in the oven generally comprises the following successive thermal steps:
  • preheating and heating: the strip reaches a temperature of 700 to 850 ° C in 2 to 3 minutes;

Le traitement de la bande dans le four comprend généralement les étapes thermiques successives suivantes :

  • préchauffage et chauffage : la bande atteint une température de 700 à 850°C en 2 à 3 minutes ;
  • maintien à la température maximale durant 1 minute environ ;
  • refroidissement lent, par exemple à l'eau bouillante ;
  • refroidissement rapide (appelé "trempe"), par exemple par eau sous forme liquide projetée sur la bande à une température pouvant aller au maximum jusqu'à sa température d'ébullition.
  • survieillissement ;
  • refroidissement final.
The treatment of the strip in the oven generally comprises the following successive thermal steps:
  • preheating and heating: the strip reaches a temperature of 700 to 850 ° C in 2 to 3 minutes;
  • keeping at the maximum temperature for about 1 minute;
  • slow cooling, for example boiling water;
  • rapid cooling (called "quenching"), for example by water in liquid form projected onto the strip at a maximum temperature up to its boiling point.
  • overaging;
  • final cooling.

Ces différentes étapes sont nécessaires à la mise en oeuvre du traitement métallurgique visé, à savoir la recristallisation, la précipitation des carbures, l'obtention des structures finales ou encore l'obtention d'un acier non vieillissant, etc.These different steps are necessary for the implementation of the targeted metallurgical treatment, namely the recrystallization, the precipitation of carbides, obtaining the final structures or obtaining non-aging steel, etc.

En particulier, ces dernières années, on a vu l'émergence d'une demande accrue, émanant notamment de l'industrie automobile, pour des tôles d'acier présentant simultanément des propriétés de résistance et de formabilité améliorées.In particular, in recent years, we have seen the emergence of increased demand, notably from the automotive industry, for steel plate simultaneously resistance and improved formability.

Dans ce cadre, la phase de refroidissement joue un rôle particulièrement crucial puisqu'elle permet, dans certains cas, de réduire la concentration en éléments d'alliage coûteux nécessaires à la réalisation de structures microscopiques particulières, comme par exemple de type "dual phase", multiphase, "HLE" (Haute Limite Elastique), etc. Le procédé de refroidissement correspond donc à un enjeu métallurgique et économique non négligeable. In this context, the cooling phase plays a particularly crucial role since it allows, in some cases, reduce the concentration of elements expensive alloys needed to achieve particular microscopic structures, such as of type "dual phase", multiphase, "HLE" (High Limit Elastic), etc. The cooling process corresponds therefore to a metallurgical and economic issue not negligible.

Les principales technologies de refroidissement appliquées industriellement sont :

  • le refroidissement par jets de gaz ;
  • l'immersion dans un bain d'eau, éventuellement "agitée" ;
  • le refroidissement par passage sur des rouleaux refroidis ;
  • le refroidissement par jets d'eau ;
  • le refroidissement par un brouillard d'eau créé par pulvérisation au moyen d'un gaz supersonique, cette technologie étant appelée "misting jet".
The main cooling technologies applied industrially are:
  • cooling by gas jets;
  • immersion in a water bath, possibly "agitated";
  • cooling by passage over cooled rollers;
  • cooling by jets of water;
  • cooling by a mist of water created by spraying with supersonic gas, this technology being called "misting jet".

Par le passé, la Demanderesse a développé un procédé de refroidissement qui consiste à immerger la bande d'acier dans un bain d'eau proche de sa température d'ébullition. Bien que ce procédé soit caractérisé par une homogénéité de refroidissement exceptionnelle et par un coefficient de transfert thermique constant quelles que soient les conditions de la ligne, il possède également certaines limitations.In the past, the Applicant has developed a cooling process which involves immersing the band of steel in a water bath close to its temperature boiling. Although this process is characterized by a outstanding cooling homogeneity and by a constant heat transfer coefficient whatever are the conditions of the line he also owns certain limitations.

D'une part, les vitesses de refroidissement qu'il est possible d'atteindre sont relativement faibles, à savoir environ 50°C/s pour une bande d'acier de 1mm d'épaisseur. Cette limitation provient du fait que lorsqu'une bande d'acier est immergée à haute température dans un bain d'eau bouillante, il se forme au voisinage de sa surface un film de vapeur stable, dans un régime dit de "caléfaction", qui limite considérablement les échanges thermiques. On entend par caléfaction la présence d'un film de vapeur, engendré par ébullition importante, entre une paroi chaude et un fluide qui est soit un liquide, soit un mélange diphasique de liquide et de vapeur, cette présence ayant pour conséquence un mauvais transfert de chaleur entre la paroi et le fluide. On the one hand, cooling speeds that can be achieved are relatively small, know about 50 ° C / s for a 1mm steel strip thick. This limitation stems from the fact that when a steel strip is immersed at high temperature in a bath of boiling water, it forms in the neighborhood of its surface a stable vapor film, in a regime called "calefaction", which considerably limits trade thermal. Calefaction means the presence of a film of steam, generated by significant boiling, between a wall and a fluid that is either a liquid or a diphasic mixture of liquid and vapor, this presence resulting in poor heat transfer between the wall and the fluid.

D'autre part, la température de la bande d'acier à la sortie du bain d'eau bouillante doit rester supérieure à 300°C environ. Lorsque la température de la bande devient inférieure à cette température, le film de vapeur devient instable et on passe en régime d'ébullition dite nucléée. Dans ce dernier régime, des régions voisines de la bande sont soumises à des flux de chaleur différents, ce qui crée des différences de température importantes. Ces gradients de température induisent dans l'acier des contraintes mécaniques, qui risquent de créer des déformations plastiques, donc permanentes et de mener à des défauts de planéité.On the other hand, the temperature of the band of steel at the outlet of the boiling water bath must remain greater than about 300 ° C. When the temperature of the band becomes lower at this temperature, the film of steam becomes unstable and one goes into boiling called nucleus. In the latter regime, neighboring regions of the strip are subjected to different heat fluxes, which creates important temperature differences. These temperature gradients induce in the steel of mechanical constraints, which may create plastic deformations, therefore permanent and to lead to flatness defects.

Des solutions ont été proposées afin de pallier ces défauts. On peut par exemple immerger la bande d'acier dans un bain d'eau froide statique. Mais cette solution conduit également à l'apparition de défauts de planéité.Solutions have been proposed to to overcome these defects. For example, you can immerse the band of steel in a static cold water bath. But this solution also leads to the appearance of defects in flatness.

D'autres solutions ont été avancées, qui consistent à refroidir la bande d'acier au moyen de jets immergés, afin d'empêcher la formation locale de zones d'ébullition dans le voisinage de celle-ci. Ces systèmes de refroidissement peuvent être ou non précédés par un refroidissement plus lent, de type "gas jet cooling" ou immersion dans un bain d'eau statique.Other solutions have been put forward, which consist in cooling the steel strip by means of jets immersed, in order to prevent the local formation of boiling in the vicinity of it. These systems may or may not be preceded by a slower cooling, such as "gas jet cooling" or immersion in a static water bath.

Ainsi, dans la demande de brevet JP-A-58 039210, la bande est d'abord refroidie dans un bain d'eau dont la température est supérieure à 60°C, jusqu'à une température comprise entre 200 à 500°C, gamme de températures dans laquelle se produit la transition entre l'ébullition en film et l'ébullition nucléée. On préconise alors de refroidir la bande juste avant ou juste après la transition au moyen de jets d'eau immergés jusqu'à ce que la bande atteigne la température du bain. Thus, in JP-A-58 patent application 039210, the strip is first cooled in a water bath whose temperature is above 60 ° C, up to temperature between 200 and 500 ° C, range of temperatures in which occurs the transition between film boiling and nucleate boiling. We advocate then cool the band just before or right after the transition by means of submerged water jets until the band reaches the temperature of the bath.

Une solution similaire (JP-A-60 009834) utilise un ensemble de rampes de refroidissement, disposées de part et d'autre de la bande d'acier, et immergées dans une cuve d'eau dont la température est comprise entre 60 et 70% de la température d'ébullition. Pour une configuration donnée des rampes d'aspersion, un écoulement laminaire est généré, ce qui permet d'éviter la formation d'un film de vapeur au voisinage de la bande d'acier.A similar solution (JP-A-60 009834) uses a set of cooling ramps, arranged on both sides of the steel strip, and immersed in a water tank whose temperature is between 60 and 70% of the boiling temperature. For a configuration given the spray bars, a laminar flow is generated, which avoids the formation of a film of steam in the vicinity of the steel strip.

Une autre solution consiste encore à faire circuler de l'eau entre deux plaques planes parallèlement et à contre-courant par rapport au sens de défilement de la bande (EP-A-210847, JP-A-63 145722, JP-A-62 238334).Another solution is still to do circulate water between two parallel flat plates and countercurrent to the scrolling direction of the band (EP-A-210847, JP-A-63 145722, JP-A-62 238334).

Un autre document propose d'utiliser la pression d'impact des jets afin de supprimer les déformations de la bande lors de la trempe (voir JP-A-11 193418). Le déposant préconise d'appliquer de part et d'autre de la bande d'acier une pression d'au moins 500N/cm2.Another document proposes to use the jets impact pressure in order to eliminate the deformations of the band during quenching (see JP-A-11 193418). The applicant recommends applying on both sides of the steel strip a pressure of at least 500 N / cm 2 .

Enfin, il est également possible de contrôler le refroidissement au moyen d'additifs dans le bain de trempe, de manière à éviter l'ébullition et ainsi limiter le niveau des contraintes internes dans l'acier lors de la trempe (JP-A-57 085923).Finally, it is also possible to control cooling by means of additives in the bath of quenching, so as to avoid boiling and thus limit the level of internal stresses in steel during the tempering (JP-A-57 085923).

Bien que de nombreuses solutions aient été avancées, l'obtention simultanée de performances thermiques élevées et d'une bonne planéité en sortie de refroidissement rapide par voie liquide reste à ce jour un défi majeur.Although many solutions have been advanced, simultaneous thermal performance high and a good flatness out of rapid cooling by liquid means remains to this day a major challenge.

Buts de l'inventionGoals of the invention

La présente invention vise à réaliser une opération dite de trempe, typiquement à une vitesse supérieure à 1000°C/s, applicable à des produits métallurgiques plats, de préférence en acier, sous forme de bandes laminées à froid.The present invention aims to achieve a so-called quenching operation, typically at a speed greater than 1000 ° C / s, applicable to flat metallurgical materials, preferably of steel, in the form of cold rolled strips.

Cette opération de trempe doit être mise en oeuvre au moyen de jets d'eau froide, dont la température est de préférence comprise entre 0°C et 50°C, lesdits jets étant immergés.This quenching operation must be carried out works by means of jets of cold water, whose temperature is preferably between 0 ° C and 50 ° C, said jets being immersed.

L'invention vise à assurer des conditions de refroidissement aussi homogènes que possible sur toute la largeur de la bande d'acier, par la maítrise des écoulements au sein du dispositif.The aim of the invention is to ensure conditions of cooling as homogeneous as possible over the entire width of the steel band, by the mastery of the flows within the device.

Ainsi, la température de la bande à l'entrée du dispositif doit être comprise entre 750°C et 350°C et la température à la sortie doit être comprise entre 0°C et 150°C.Thus, the temperature of the band at the entrance the device must be between 750 ° C and 350 ° C and the temperature at the outlet must be between 0 ° C and 150 ° C.

Principaux éléments caractéristiques de l'inventionMain characteristic elements of the invention

Un premier objet de la présente invention concerne un dispositif de refroidissement, pour réaliser une opération de trempe lors du traitement de recuit en continu d'un produit plat ou une bande métallurgique, de préférence une bande d'acier, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif comprend une pluralité de tubes disposés de manière essentiellement horizontale et symétriquement de part et d'autre de la bande le long de celle-ci et qui projettent un fluide de refroidissement vers la bande au travers d'une fente ou d'une pluralité de trous.A first object of the present invention a cooling device, to achieve a quenching operation during the annealing treatment continuous operation of a flat product or metallurgical strip, preferably a steel strip, characterized in that said device comprises a plurality of tubes arranged essentially horizontally and symmetrically from on both sides of the strip along the project a cooling fluid to the band at through a slot or a plurality of holes.

Selon l'invention, le fluide de refroidissement est de l'eau liquide maintenue à une température inférieure à 50°C.According to the invention, the fluid of cooling is liquid water maintained at a temperature below 50 ° C.

De préférence, le dispositif est localisé en brin essentiellement vertical (écart angulaire par rapport à la verticale inférieur à 30°), montant ou descendant et de préférence encore, le dispositif est localisé en brin vertical montant tout en étant directement précédé par une cuve d'eau à la température d'ébullition.Preferably, the device is located in essentially vertical strand (angular deviation from vertically less than 30 °), rising or falling and more preferably, the device is located in strand vertical amount while being directly preceded by a water tank at the boiling point.

L'invention sera avantageusement mise en oeuvre sur une installation où le produit métallurgique à traiter possède une vitesse de défilement comprise entre 0,25m/s et 20m/s, et une épaisseur comprise entre 0,1mm et 10mm.The invention will advantageously be work on an installation where the metallurgical product at treat has a scroll speed between 0.25m / s and 20m / s, and a thickness of between 0.1mm and 10mm.

Une caractéristique importante de l'invention réside dans le fait que les tubes de refroidissement sont dimensionnés de telle manière que la vitesse d'éjection du fluide de refroidissement soit homogène sur toute la largeur de bande.An important feature of the invention lies in the fact that the cooling tubes are dimensioned in such a way that the ejection speed of the cooling fluid is homogeneous over the entire bandwidth.

De préférence, le rapport entre la section de passage d'un tube et la section libre d'aspersion de ce tube, c'est-à-dire l'aire de la fente ou l'aire cumulée des trous, est supérieur à 1. Ainsi, on garantit que la distribution des vitesses est telle que l'écart relatif entre la vitesse maximale (Vmax) et la vitesse minimale (vmin) d'éjection suivant la largeur du tube est inférieur à 5 % ou νmax - νmin νmax ≤ 0,05. Preferably, the ratio between the passage section of a tube and the free section of this tube, that is to say the area of the slot or the cumulative area of the holes, is greater than 1 Thus, it is ensured that the speed distribution is such that the relative difference between the maximum speed (V max ) and the minimum speed (v min ) of ejection according to the width of the tube is less than 5% or ν max - ν min ν max ≤ 0.05.

Avantageusement, les tubes de refroidissement sont immergés.Advantageously, the cooling tubes are immersed.

Selon une modalité préférée de l'invention, lesdits tubes ont une section rectangulaire. De préférence, le rapport d'un côté au côté adjacent de la section rectangulaire est compris entre 0,1 et 10 et l'épaisseur des tubes est comprise entre 0,25 fois et 10 fois le diamètre des trous ou l'épaisseur de la fente, en vue de contrôler la cohérence du jet, le rapport entre l'épaisseur des tubes et le diamètre des trous étant le cas échéant encore de préférence égal à 2/3. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said tubes have a rectangular section. Preferably, the report from one side to the adjacent side of the section rectangular is between 0.1 and 10 and the thickness tubes is between 0.25 times and 10 times the diameter of the holes or the thickness of the slot, in order to control the consistency of the jet, the ratio between the thickness tubes and the diameter of the holes being if necessary still preferably equal to 2/3.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, ledit dispositif est pourvu dans sa partie inférieure de moyens d'étanchéité, de préférence un sas à double paire de rouleaux, permettant à la fois le passage de la bande et la création d'une perte de charge limitant au minimum les fuites vers le bas du caisson de refroidissement.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, said device is provided in its part lower sealing means, preferably an airlock double pair of rollers, allowing both the passage of the band and the creation of a limiting pressure drop at least the leaks down the box of cooling.

Toujours avantageusement, la distance (A) entre chaque tube et la bande est comprise entre 50mm et 200mm.Always advantageously, the distance (A) between each tube and the band is between 50mm and 200mm.

L'invention permet avantageusement d'éviter les phénomènes d'ébullition locale en choisissant un débit spécifique du fluide de refroidissement sur une face de la bande compris entre 250 et 1000m3 par heure et par m2. Dans un exemple de dispositif testé par la Demanderesse, le débit spécifique maximum par face était d'environ 580 m3 par heure et par m2.The invention advantageously makes it possible to avoid local boiling phenomena by choosing a specific flow rate of the cooling fluid on one side of the strip of between 250 and 1000 m 3 per hour and per m 2 . In an exemplary device tested by the Applicant, the maximum specific flow per face was about 580 m 3 per hour per m 2 .

Ainsi, la vitesse d'éjection (Vjet) satisfait le critère suivant, respectivement :

  • pour des trous : VJET ≥ 0,1 DNS d ,
  • pour des fentes : - VJET ≥ 0,25 DNS d 12 ,
où DNS représente la distance entre le tube et la bande et d représente le diamètre d'un trou ou l'épaisseur de la fente.Thus, the ejection speed (V jet ) satisfies the following criterion, respectively:
  • for holes: V JET ≥ 0.1 D NS d ,
  • for slots: - V JET ≥ 0.25 D NS d 1 2 ,
where D NS represents the distance between the tube and the band and d represents the diameter of a hole or the thickness of the slot.

Ces deux critères, issus de la théorie des jets turbulents, donnent l'atténuation de la vitesse maximale d'un jet turbulent avec un environnement à vitesse nulle. Les critères sont calculés sur base d'une vitesse minimale de 2,5m/s. La vitesse maximale du jet à 50mm (position de la bande par rapport à l'orifice du jet) est de 0,65m/s. La vitesse de 0,65m/s est donc considérée comme la vitesse minimale du jet lorsque celui-ci atteint la bande, pour casser la couche de caléfaction.These two criteria, derived from the theory of turbulent jets, give the attenuation of the speed maximum of a turbulent jet with a speed environment nothing. The criteria are calculated on the basis of a speed minimum of 2,5m / s. The maximum speed of the jet at 50mm (position of the band with respect to the orifice of the jet) is of 0.65m / s. The speed of 0.65m / s is therefore considered as the minimum speed of the jet when it reaches the band, to break the calefaction layer.

De préférence, le fluide de refroidissement injecté par les tubes est évacué entre ceux-ci, la distance (B) entre deux tubes successifs étant identique pour tous les tubes, la perte de charge étant inférieure à 150mm de colonne d'eau.Preferably, the coolant injected by the tubes is evacuated between them, the distance (B) between two successive tubes being identical for all the tubes, the pressure drop being less than 150mm from water column.

Toujours selon l'invention, le dispositif de refroidissement est pourvu d'un déversoir dont la hauteur est au minimum celle du jet supérieur, afin que tous les jets soient immergés.Still according to the invention, the device for cooling system is provided with a weir whose height is at least that of the upper jet, so that all jets are immersed.

Avantageusement, le tube supérieur est équipé d'un barrage dont la hauteur est au moins égale à la somme de l'épaisseur de la lame d'eau (H) au déversoir et de la hauteur de colonne d'eau (ΔH) correspondant à la perte de charge entre les tubes à débit maximum.Advantageously, the upper tube is equipped a dam whose height is at least equal to the sum from the thickness of the water slide (H) to the weir and the water column height (ΔH) corresponding to the loss of load between the tubes at maximum flow rate.

Selon des modalités alternatives d'exécution préférées, les tubes sont alimentés en fluide de refroidissement en commençant par le tube le plus inférieur, ou encore à mi-hauteur de la pluralité de tubes, lesdits tubes étant éventuellement calibrés pour compenser des pertes de charge.According to alternative methods of execution preferred, the tubes are fed with fluid from cooling starting with the most tube lower, or halfway up the plurality of tubes, said tubes being optionally calibrated to compensate load losses.

Un deuxième objet de la présente invention concerne un procédé de trempe lors du traitement de recuit en continu d'un produit plat ou d'une bande métallurgique, de préférence une bande d'acier, mettant en oeuvre un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, pour atteindre une puissance de refroidissement comprise entre 1000kW/m2 et 10000kW/m2 par face de produit métallurgique. A second subject of the present invention relates to a quenching process during the continuous annealing treatment of a flat product or a metallurgical strip, preferably a steel strip, using a device according to any one of the preceding claims, to achieve a cooling power of between 1000kW / m 2 and 10000kW / m 2 per face of metallurgical product.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, la température de la bande à l'entrée du dispositif est comprise entre 350°C et 750°C et la température à la sortie est comprise entre 50°C et 450°C, de préférence entre 50°C et 100°C ou entre 350 et 450°C.According to the method of the invention, the temperature of the band at the input of the device is between 350 ° C and 750 ° C and the temperature at the outlet is between 50 ° C and 450 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 100 ° C or between 350 and 450 ° C.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

La figure 1 représente schématiquement une vue en coupe du dispositif de refroidissement selon la présente invention.Figure 1 schematically represents a sectional view of the cooling device according to the present invention.

La figure 2 représente schématiquement une disposition des trous destinés à la projection d'eau sur la bande d'acier dans le dispositif de la présente invention.Figure 2 schematically represents a provision of the holes for the projection of water on the steel strip in the device of the present invention.

La figure 3 illustre graphiquement les performances thermiques du dispositif de refroidissement selon l'invention.Figure 3 graphically illustrates the thermal performance of the cooling device according to the invention.

La figure 4 illustre les performances dudit dispositif en termes de planéité de la bande d'acier.FIG. 4 illustrates the performances of said device in terms of flatness of the steel strip.

Les figures 5 et 6 illustrent l'impact de l'uniformité du refroidissement sur l'homogénéité des propriétés mécaniques de la bande d'acier. La figure 5 se rapporte à un acier de la famille "dual phase", tandis que la figure 6 se rapporte à un acier de la famille des aciers multiphasés.Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the impact of the uniformity of cooling on the homogeneity of mechanical properties of the steel strip. Figure 5 relates to a steel of the family "dual phase", while Figure 6 relates to a steel of the family of steels Multiphase.

La figure 7 donne schématiquement les différentes positions des éprouvettes prélevées en fonction de la largeur de la tôle, pour la réalisation des essais relatifs aux figures 5 et 6.Figure 7 gives schematically the different positions of the specimens taken according to the width of the sheet, for carrying out the tests relating to Figures 5 and 6.

La figure 8 indique les paramètres permettant de calculer l'indice de planéité, ces paramètres caractérisant la sinusoïde à laquelle est assimilé le profil longitudinal de la bande en rive. Figure 8 shows the parameters allowing to calculate the index of flatness, these parameters characterizing the sinusoid to which is assimilated the longitudinal profile of the strip at the edge.

Description d'une forme d'exécution préférée de l'inventionDescription of a preferred embodiment of the invention

Comme le montre la figure 1, le dispositif de refroidissement est constitué d'un ensemble de tubes 1, dits "rampes" ou "rampes de refroidissement", disposés symétriquement de part et d'autre de la bande d'acier à refroidir. Ces rampes sont immergées et alimentées latéralement en fluide de refroidissement. Leur section est de préférence rectangulaire. Dans la suite de l'exposé de l'invention, les termes "tubes" et "rampes" seront indistinctement utilisés.As shown in Figure 1, the device for cooling consists of a set of tubes 1, so-called "ramps" or "cooling ramps", arranged symmetrically on both sides of the steel strip cool. These ramps are submerged and fed laterally in cooling fluid. Their section is preferably rectangular. In the rest of the presentation the invention, the terms "tubes" and "ramps" will be indistinctly used.

L'immersion des rampes est réalisée au moyen d'un système d'étanchéité, situé dans la partie inférieure du dispositif, qui permet à la fois le passage de la bande d'acier 2 et la création d'une perte de charge maximum de manière à limiter au minimum le débit de fuite du fluide de refroidissement vers le bas du caisson. Dans l'application présentée, ce système d'étanchéité est constitué d'une double paire de rouleaux 3, appliqués contre la bande d'acier et positionnés symétriquement par rapport à celle-ci. Entre les rouleaux, on injecte un fluide dont on peut contrôler la pression et/ou la température.The immersion of the ramps is carried out by means of a sealing system, located in the lower part of the device, which allows both the passage of the band of steel 2 and the creation of a maximum pressure drop of in order to minimize the leakage rate of the fluid from cooling down the box. In the application presented, this sealing system consists of a double pair of rollers 3, applied against the band of steel and positioned symmetrically thereto. Between the rollers, we inject a fluid that we can check the pressure and / or the temperature.

Le fluide de refroidissement est préférentiellement de l'eau. Les rampes de refroidissement sont situées à une distance A de la ligne de passe de la bande 2. Pour des raisons d'encombrement, d'une part, et afin de limiter le débit total dans le système, pour des performances équivalentes, d'autre part, la distance maximum entre la bande et les rampes de refroidissement est fixée à 200mm.The coolant is preferentially water. Cooling ramps are located at a distance A from the pass line of the band 2. For reasons of space, on the one hand, and in order to limit the total flow in the system, for equivalent performance, on the other hand, the distance maximum between the band and the cooling ramps is fixed at 200mm.

Un espace B est laissé entre deux rampes successives afin que l'eau injectée par les rampes puisse être évacuée entre celles-ci. Ceci garantit un écoulement aussi homogène que possible suivant la largeur de la bande d'acier. Le choix de la distance B résulte d'un compromis entre une puissance de refroidissement spécifique P maximum, la puissance spécifique étant définie comme la puissance de refroidissement par unité de surface et par face de bande à refroidir, et une perte de charge minimale à travers les canaux d'évacuation, afin d'assurer un renouvellement suffisamment rapide du fluide de refroidissement au voisinage de la tôle, et ainsi éviter la formation de zones d'ébullition locales au voisinage de la bande. La distance B est choisie identique entre deux rampes successives pour toutes les rampes, afin d'assurer des conditions d'écoulement identiques en face de toutes les rampes d'aspersion. Ceci permet donc d'obtenir une homogénéité verticale de l'écoulement. De cette manière, le fluide de refroidissement injecté par une rampe donnée est évacué au moyen des canaux directement adjacents à cette rampe. On évite ainsi de créer des chemins préférentiels et on minimise le temps de passage du fluide de refroidissement au voisinage de la bande, toujours pour éviter la formation locale de zones d'ébullition.A space B is left between two ramps successive stages so that the water injected by the ramps can to be evacuated between them. This guarantees a flow as homogeneous as possible according to the width of the band steel. The choice of distance B results from a compromise between a specific cooling power P maximum, the specific power being defined as the cooling power per unit area and per tape face to cool, and a minimal pressure drop through the evacuation channels, in order to ensure a sufficiently fast renewal of the fluid of cooling in the vicinity of the sheet, and thus avoid the formation of local boiling zones in the vicinity of the bandaged. The distance B is chosen identical between two successive ramps for all ramps, to ensure identical flow conditions in front of all the spray booms. This allows to obtain a vertical homogeneity of the flow. In this way, the cooling fluid injected by a given ramp is evacuated through channels directly adjacent to this ramp. This avoids creating preferential paths and the passage time of the fluid is minimized cooling in the vicinity of the band, still for avoid local formation of boiling zones.

Chaque rampe de refroidissement 1 est pourvue, sur la face exposée à la bande, d'au moins une fente ou d'un ensemble de trous, comme représenté à la figure 2, destinés à la projection du fluide de refroidissement vers la bande. La distance entre deux trous successifs doit être telle que l'écoulement dans le proche voisinage de la bande puisse être assimilé à celui d'une fente. La vitesse d'éjection du fluide doit être suffisante afin d'éviter de former des zones d'ébullition au voisinage de la bande. Cette vitesse d'éjection V est choisie en fonction de la distance A par rapport à la bande et est typiquement comprise entre 0 et 10m/s.Each cooling ramp 1 is provided, on the face exposed to the strip, of at least one slot or a set of holes, as shown in the FIG. 2, intended for the projection of the fluid of cooling to the tape. The distance between two holes successive ones must be such that flow in the near neighborhood of the band can be likened to that of a slot. The ejection speed of the fluid must be sufficient to avoid forming boiling zones in the vicinity Of the band. This ejection speed V is chosen in function of the distance A with respect to the band and is typically between 0 and 10 m / s.

En aval des canaux d'évacuation, le dispositif ou caisson de refroidissement comprend un déversoir 4, sur toute la largeur du caisson et dont la hauteur correspond au niveau du jet de la dernière rampe, ce qui garantit que dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement, la dernière rampe soit immergée au même titre que les autres.Downstream of the evacuation channels, the device or cooling box includes a spillway 4, over the entire width of the box and whose height corresponds to the jet level of the last ramp, which guarantees that under all conditions of operation, the last ramp is submerged at the same title than the others.

Afin d'assurer des conditions d'écoulement identiques en face de chaque rampe :

  • la rampe de refroidissement supérieure est surmontée d'un barrage 5 dont la hauteur est au moins égale à la somme de l'épaisseur H de la nappe d'eau au déversoir et de la hauteur de colonne d'eau ΔH correspondant à la perte de charge ΔP au travers des canaux d'évacuation, pour le débit maximum Qmax ;
  • un canal d'évacuation est réalisé en dessous de la dernière rampe.
In order to ensure identical flow conditions in front of each boom:
  • the upper cooling ramp is surmounted by a dam 5 whose height is at least equal to the sum of the thickness H of the water table at the weir and the water column height ΔH corresponding to the loss of charge ΔP through the evacuation channels, for the maximum flow rate Qmax;
  • an evacuation channel is made below the last ramp.

Ainsi, lorsque le système fonctionne, une différence de niveau d'eau existe entre la face avant, ou côté bande, et la face arrière, ou côté déversoir, des rampes. Cette différence est égale à la hauteur de colonne d'eau correspondant à la perte de charge entre deux rampes, pour un débit donné.So when the system works, a difference in water level exists between the front face, or band side, and the back side, or weir side, of ramps. This difference is equal to the column height of water corresponding to the pressure drop between two ramps, for a given flow.

Les performances de refroidissement du dispositif, illustrées à la figure 3, ont été mesurées en conditions industrielles par bilan thermique sur base des grandeurs suivantes : températures de la bande d'acier à l'entrée et à la sortie du dispositif, longueur de la section de refroidissement et vitesse de défilement de la bande d'acier à travers le dispositif. La figure 3 montre que la puissance de refroidissement spécifique, exprimée en kW par mètre carré et par face de bande, est une fonction linéaire du débit spécifique, lui-même exprimé en mètres cubes par heure et par mètre carré pour les deux faces cumulées. Dans les conditions envisagées ici, la puissance spécifique est comprise entre 4000 et 6000kW/m2 et par face de produit.The cooling performances of the device, illustrated in FIG. 3, were measured under industrial conditions by thermal balance on the basis of the following quantities: temperatures of the steel strip at the inlet and the outlet of the device, length of the section cooling and scrolling speed of the steel strip through the device. Figure 3 shows that the specific cooling power, expressed in kW per square meter and per strip face, is a linear function of the specific flow rate, itself expressed in cubic meters per hour and per square meter for the two cumulative faces. Under the conditions envisaged here, the specific power is between 4000 and 6000kW / m 2 and per product face.

La figure 4 illustre les performances du dispositif pour ce qui concerne la planéité de la bande d'acier. Elles sont l'image de l'homogénéité du refroidissement et par conséquent de la maítrise des écoulements dans le dispositif. La caractérisation de la planéité concerne ici des rives longues. Chaque point de la figure représente un point de fonctionnement du dispositif - défini par la puissance de refroidissement spécifique associée - à un instant donné durant la campagne d'essais industriels. A chaque point de fonctionnement, on associe un indice de planéité, exprimé en unités "I". Une unité "I" correspond à un allongement relatif de 1mm pour 100m de bande d'acier.Figure 4 illustrates the performance of the device with regard to the flatness of the band steel. They are the image of the homogeneity of the cooling and therefore the control of flows in the device. The characterization of the flatness concerns here long banks. Each point of the figure represents an operating point of the device - defined by the specific cooling power associated - at a given moment during the test campaign industrial. At each point of operation, we associate a flatness index, expressed in "I" units. An "I" unit corresponds to a relative elongation of 1mm per 100m of steel band.

Dans le cas d'un défaut de type "rive longue", le profil longitudinal de la bande en rive peut être assimilé à une sinusoïde, de longueur d'onde L et d'amplitude X. L'indice de planéité est calculé sur base des mesures de L et de X (voir figure 8) au moyen de la relation suivante : ΔL L · 105 [I] = X[mm]2·L[m] )2. In the case of a "long bank" type defect, the longitudinal profile of the strip at the edge can be likened to a sinusoid, of wavelength L and of amplitude X. The index of flatness is calculated on the basis of measurements of L and X (see Figure 8) using the following relation: .DELTA.L The · 10 5 [ I ] = X [ mm ] 2 · The [ m ] ) 2 .

Sur la figure 4 ont été représentés deux seuils de référence, 120 et 240 unités "I", qui correspondent aux tolérances de planéité admissibles par deux lignes d'électrozingage. La figure montre que la majorité des points de fonctionnement se situent en deçà du seuil de la ligne la plus exigeante.In Figure 4 have been shown two reference thresholds, 120 and 240 "I" units, which correspond to acceptable flatness tolerances by two electrogalvanizing lines. The figure shows that the majority of operating points are below threshold of the most demanding line.

Les figures 5 et 6 illustrent l'impact de l'uniformité du refroidissement sur l'homogénéité des propriétés mécaniques. La figure 5 se rapporte à un acier de la famille "dual phase". La figure 6 se rapporte à un acier de la famille SPPH (acier fortement allié). Dans les deux cas, les propriétés mécaniques sont caractérisées par un essai de traction. Les éprouvettes sont prélevées à différentes positions suivant la largeur de la tôle, selon le schéma représenté à la figure 7 :

  • 1) Extrême rive,
  • 2) Rive,
  • 3) Quart,
  • 4) Centre,
  • 5) Centre,
  • 6) Quart,
  • 7) Rive,
  • 8) Extrême rive.
    • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the impact of uniformity of cooling on the homogeneity of mechanical properties. Figure 5 relates to a steel of the "dual phase" family. Figure 6 refers to a steel of the family SPPH (high alloyed steel). In both cases, the mechanical properties are characterized by a tensile test. The specimens are taken at different positions according to the width of the sheet, according to the diagram represented in FIG. 7:
  • 1) Extreme shore,
  • 2) Shore,
  • 3) Quarter,
  • 4) Center,
  • 5) Center,
  • 6) Quarter,
  • 7) Shore,
  • 8) Extreme shore.

    • Sur les figures 5 et 6, on a représenté respectivement la charge à rupture, la limite élastique (uniquement Fig. 6) et l'allongement à 80% de la charge à rupture. On peut conclure de ces observations qu'il y a une bonne homogénéité des propriétés mécaniques suivant la largeur de la bande.In FIGS. 5 and 6, there is shown respectively the breaking load, the yield stress (Fig. 6 only) and the elongation at 80% of the load break. It can be concluded from these observations that there is a good homogeneity of the mechanical properties according to width of the band.

    Claims (21)

    Dispositif de refroidissement, pour réaliser une opération de trempe lors du traitement de recuit en continu d'un produit plat ou une bande métallurgique, de préférence une bande d'acier, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif comprend une pluralité de tubes (1) disposés de manière essentiellement horizontale et symétriquement de part et d'autre de la bande (2) le long de celle-ci et qui projettent un fluide de refroidissement vers la bande au travers d'une fente ou d'une pluralité de trous.Cooling device, for carrying out a quenching operation during the continuous annealing treatment of a flat product or a metallurgical strip, preferably a steel strip, characterized in that said device comprises a plurality of tubes (1) arranged substantially horizontally and symmetrically on both sides of the strip (2) along the same and which project cooling fluid to the strip through a slot or a plurality of holes. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fluide de refroidissement est de l'eau liquide maintenue à une température inférieure à 50°C.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling fluid is liquid water maintained at a temperature below 50 ° C. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif est localisé en brin essentiellement vertical montant ou descendant.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device is located in vertical strand up or down. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif est localisé en brin vertical montant et est directement précédé par une cuve d'eau à la température d'ébullition.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the device is located vertical rising strand and is directly preceded by a tank of water at the boiling temperature. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le produit métallurgique à traiter possède une vitesse de défilement comprise entre 0,25m/s et 20m/s.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metallurgical product to be treated has a running speed of between 0.25m / s and 20m / s. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le produit métallurgique à traiter a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,1mm et 10mm.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metallurgical product to be treated has a thickness of between 0.1 mm and 10 mm. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes de refroidissement (1) sont dimensionnés de telle manière que la vitesse d'éjection du fluide de refroidissement soit homogène sur toute leur largeur de bande (2).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling tubes (1) are dimensioned in such a way that the ejection velocity of the cooling fluid is homogeneous over their entire bandwidth (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre la section de passage d'un tube et la section libre d'aspersion de ce tube, c'est-à-dire l'aire de la fente ou l'aire cumulée des trous, est supérieur à 1.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the ratio between the passage section of a tube and the free section of this tube, that is to say the area of the slot or the cumulative area holes, is greater than 1. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les tubes de refroidissement (1) sont immergés.Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the cooling tubes (1) are immersed. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits tubes (1) ont une section rectangulaire.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said tubes (1) have a rectangular section. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le rapport d'un côté au côté adjacent de la section rectangulaire est compris entre 0,1 et 10.Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the ratio of one side to the adjacent side of the rectangular section is between 0.1 and 10. Dispositif selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur des tubes est comprise entre 0,25 fois et 10 fois le diamètre des trous ou l'épaisseur de la fente, le rapport entre l'épaisseur des tubes et le diamètre des trous étant le cas échéant de préférence égal à 2/3.Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the thickness of the tubes is between 0.25 times and 10 times the diameter of the holes or the thickness of the slot, the ratio between the thickness of the tubes and the diameter holes, if appropriate, preferably equal to 2/3. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif est pourvu dans sa partie inférieure de moyens d'étanchéité (3), de préférence un sas à double paire de rouleaux, permettant à la fois le passage de la bande (2) et la création d'une perte de charge limitant au minimum les fuites vers le bas du caisson de refroidissement.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said device is provided in its lower part with sealing means (3), preferably a double pair of roll locks, allowing both the passage of the band (2) and the creation of a pressure drop that minimizes the downward leakage of the cooling box. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la distance (A) entre chaque tube (1) et la bande (2) est comprise entre 20mm et 200mm. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (A) between each tube (1) and the strip (2) is between 20mm and 200mm. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le débit spécifique du fluide de refroidissement sur une face de la bande est compris entre 250 et 1000m3 par heure et par m2, pour éviter des phénomènes d'ébullition locale au voisinage de la bande.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the specific flow rate of the cooling fluid on one side of the strip is between 250 and 1000m 3 per hour and per m 2 , to avoid local boiling phenomena at neighborhood of the band. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le fluide de refroidissement injecté par les tubes (1) est évacué entre celles-ci, la distance (B) entre deux tubes successifs étant identique pour tous les tubes (1), la perte de charge étant inférieure à 150mm de colonne d'eau.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling fluid injected by the tubes (1) is discharged between them, the distance (B) between two successive tubes being identical for all the tubes (1). , the pressure drop being less than 150mm of water column. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de refroidissement est pourvu d'un déversoir (4) dont la hauteur est au minimum celle du jet supérieur, afin que tous les jets soient immergés.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling device is provided with a weir (4) whose height is at least that of the upper jet, so that all the jets are immersed. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube supérieur est équipé d'un barrage (5) dont la hauteur est au moins égale à la somme de l'épaisseur de la lame d'eau (H) au déversoir et de la hauteur de colonne d'eau (ΔH) correspondant à la perte de charge entre les tubes à débit maximum.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper tube is equipped with a dam (5) whose height is at least equal to the sum of the thickness of the blade of water (H) at spillway and the water column height (ΔH) corresponding to the pressure drop between the maximum flow tubes. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes sont alimentés en fluide de refroidissement en commençant par le tube le plus inférieur, ou encore à mi-hauteur de la pluralité de tubes, lesdits tubes étant éventuellement calibrés pour compenser des pertes de charge.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubes are supplied with cooling fluid starting with the lowest tube, or halfway up the plurality of tubes, said tubes being optionally calibrated to compensate for load losses. Procédé de trempe lors du traitement de recuit en continu d'un produit plat ou d'une bande métallurgique, de préférence une bande d'acier, mettant en oeuvre un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, pour atteindre une puissance de refroidissement comprise entre 1000kW/m2 et 10000kW/m2 par face de produit métallurgique.Quenching process during the continuous annealing treatment of a flat product or a metallurgical strip, preferably a steel strip, using a device according to any one of the preceding claims, to achieve a cooling power between 1000kW / m 2 and 10000kW / m 2 per metallurgical product face. Procédé selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que la température de la bande à l'entrée du dispositif est comprise entre 350°C et 750°C et la température à la sortie est comprise entre 50°C et 450°C, de préférence entre 50°C et 100°C ou entre 350°C et 450°C.Process according to Claim 20, characterized in that the temperature of the strip at the inlet of the device is between 350 ° C and 750 ° C and the temperature at the outlet is between 50 ° C and 450 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 100 ° C or between 350 ° C and 450 ° C.
    EP03447278A 2003-12-01 2003-12-01 Cooling process and device for a steel sheet Withdrawn EP1538228A1 (en)

    Priority Applications (17)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP03447278A EP1538228A1 (en) 2003-12-01 2003-12-01 Cooling process and device for a steel sheet
    DK04797129T DK1687455T3 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Method and apparatus for cooling a steel strip
    EP04797129A EP1687455B1 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Cooling process and device for a steel sheet
    DE602004005362T DE602004005362T2 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 COOLING PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR A STEEL PLATE
    RU2006124519/02A RU2356949C2 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Device and method of steel strip cooling
    BRPI0416333A BRPI0416333B1 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 cooling device
    KR1020067010764A KR101089082B1 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Method and device for cooling a steel strip
    AU2004294469A AU2004294469B2 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Method and device for cooling a steel strip
    CNB2004800354852A CN100465303C (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Cooling process and device for a steel sheet
    PCT/BE2004/000167 WO2005054524A1 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Method and device for cooling a steel strip
    PL04797129T PL1687455T3 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Cooling process and device for a steel sheet
    CA2544269A CA2544269C (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Method and device for cooling a steel strip
    AT04797129T ATE356891T1 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 COOLING PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR A STEEL PLATE
    JP2006540104A JP2007512431A (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Method and apparatus for cooling a steel strip
    ES04797129T ES2282918T3 (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 PROCEDURE AND COOLING DEVICE OF A STEEL BAND.
    PT04797129T PT1687455E (en) 2003-12-01 2004-11-25 Cooling process and device for a steel sheet
    US11/442,934 US7645417B2 (en) 2003-12-01 2006-05-30 Method and device for cooling a steel strip

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    RU2006124519A (en) 2008-01-27
    US20060243357A1 (en) 2006-11-02
    AU2004294469B2 (en) 2009-07-16
    AU2004294469A1 (en) 2005-06-16
    KR20060128880A (en) 2006-12-14
    CA2544269C (en) 2012-03-13
    DE602004005362D1 (en) 2007-04-26
    CN1886524A (en) 2006-12-27
    RU2356949C2 (en) 2009-05-27
    EP1687455A1 (en) 2006-08-09
    BRPI0416333A (en) 2007-01-09
    DK1687455T3 (en) 2007-05-29
    JP2007512431A (en) 2007-05-17
    ATE356891T1 (en) 2007-04-15

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