EP1535015B1 - Gasdrucklader - Google Patents

Gasdrucklader Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1535015B1
EP1535015B1 EP03797252A EP03797252A EP1535015B1 EP 1535015 B1 EP1535015 B1 EP 1535015B1 EP 03797252 A EP03797252 A EP 03797252A EP 03797252 A EP03797252 A EP 03797252A EP 1535015 B1 EP1535015 B1 EP 1535015B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bolt
locking
rifle according
rifle
locking bolt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03797252A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1535015A1 (de
Inventor
Johannes Murello
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Original Assignee
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heckler und Koch GmbH filed Critical Heckler und Koch GmbH
Publication of EP1535015A1 publication Critical patent/EP1535015A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1535015B1 publication Critical patent/EP1535015B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/36—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing
    • F41A3/44—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
    • F41A3/46—Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers mounted on the bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/13—Percussion or firing pins, i.e. fixed or slidably-mounted striker elements; Mountings therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A35/00—Accessories or details not otherwise provided for
    • F41A35/06—Adaptation of guns to both right and left hand use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated
    • F41A5/26—Arrangements or systems for bleeding the gas from the barrel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a large caliber rifle with a central force introduction part, which receives the rear end of the barrel and the locking abutment of the closure (preamble of claim 1).
  • large caliber is meant in particular a rifle with a caliber or largest sleeve diameter of the cartridge of more than 15 mm.
  • a heavy missile such as a projectile, a sabot projectile, a shotgun, a gas body, or the like
  • the gas pressure is comparatively low, especially in the front of the barrel.
  • the cartridge diameter is greater than 15 mm, the shutter is large and long and thus heavy, so that the forces required to load through are large.
  • the gas pressure since the gas pressure, as already mentioned, is low, the effective area of the gas piston must be large. Accordingly, the amount of gas that is withdrawn from the barrel during firing is also large.
  • recoil loaders which, however, have the disadvantage of being particularly sensitive to differences in recoil.
  • a large anchoring element has recently been provided with a large-caliber rifle for weight savings, to which all occurring forces should act as much as possible.
  • the housing can then be carried out largely in the lightest plastic construction, since it is at most little burden.
  • a gas piston device requires at the tapping point of the barrel, which usually interacts with the gas cylinder, another point of introduction of force and thus builds quite difficult.
  • FR 1 266 597 A describes a self-loading rifle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore the object of developing the aforementioned, large-caliber rifle to the effect that at least one of the problems mentioned above is at least partially mitigated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a self loading rifle for large caliber grenade cartridges with long cartridge length and short cartridge case, which is lightweight and reliable loads.
  • the gas removal opening in the force introduction member eliminates its own, force-absorbing enclosure of the gas removal opening. At the same time this is brought far to the rear, where the gas pressure sufficient for unlocking and pressing a heavy closure with a long reload path.
  • the barrel of the weapon according to the invention is preferably, as is common practice, provided with a cartridge chamber, which is formed integrally with the barrel. But it is also conceivable that the cartridge chamber is separated from the barrel.
  • the term "barrel" includes the cartridge chamber, whether it is integrally formed with the barrel or not.
  • the gas removal opening is located at the front end of the cartridge chamber and opens into a bore in the force introduction part, which in turn opens into the front end of the gas cylinder (claim 2).
  • the cartridge chamber is compared to the caliber of the barrel, in extremely large-caliber rifles often quite short; with grenade cartridges of the type described above, the chamber is even extremely short.
  • the slow acceleration of the shutter by the action of the launcher gases is sufficient to ensure before the shutter is opened that the projectile has already left the barrel.
  • the pressure drop occurs in such geometrickalibergewehren usually so early that the overpressure in the run is quite low when the projectile leaves the barrel.
  • the force introduction part ensures that even a high pressure is absorbed harmless in the bore and forwarded to a gas cylinder.
  • This gas cylinder is preferably formed in the force introduction part (claim 3) and thus does not require its own, force-absorbing component.
  • the bore may extend obliquely in or against the weft direction to exploit or inhibit the kinetic energy of the launcher gases. Since this kinetic energy is low at the bearing end, it is preferred that the bore extends transversely to the weft direction (claim 4). Thus, the force introduction part can be kept as compact as possible.
  • the gas cylinder which connects directly to the hole, can sit laterally or below the bearing. However, in order not to extend the width of the weapon excessively, and to attach a magazine under the closure, it is preferred that the gas cylinder sits over the cartridge chamber (claim 5). Since the gas cylinder is formed in the force introduction part, as a very stocky and especially in the longitudinal direction short construction is provided.
  • the closure is, as usual, formed of a locked closure head and a closure carrier.
  • the closure carrier forms the gas piston (claim 6).
  • a tube is firmly connected to the closure carrier, the gas cylinder passes through and is penetrated as a receiving tube for a closing spring (claim 7).
  • the inner surface of the gas cylinder thus has an annular surface, and also the force takes place exactly centric on the closure carrier.
  • the return spring for the closure the so-called closing spring, further penetrates the tube, so that the closure member forming the gas piston is also set back exactly centric and thus can not tilt.
  • the gas cylinder viewed in terms of its diameter, can thus also build shorter than would otherwise be necessary.
  • the tube also has the purpose according to a further embodiment of carrying a charging handle, which is either attached to the tube or can be attached or connected thereto for loading (claim 8).
  • a locking bolt passes through the closure head transversely and is pressed by the closure carrier in its rest position in a locking position, in which it engages in embodiments of the force introduction part and thereby locks the closure head (claim 9).
  • the embodiments are advantageously mounted approximately circularly symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.
  • the closure head must therefore cover no unlocking distance when it is unlocked, but it is then pulled out only the locking bolt transversely to said longitudinal axis.
  • the device for this purpose can be located above the closure head and does not take up any length.
  • a device is preferably a rocker arm, which is arranged in the closure head, engages on the one hand in the path of movement of the closure carrier and on the other hand in the path of movement of the locking bolt and on a movement of the closure carrier from its rest position out the locking bolt from the formations of the force introduction part (claim 10)
  • a rocker arm is e.g. mounted on a pivot axis which is arranged transversely in the closure head.
  • such a device can also be formed approximately by a compression spring which pushes out the locking bolt from its rest position when the closure carrier makes room.
  • the extended locking bolt engages in the closure carrier, so that with its movement of the locking bolt and thus the closure head is entrained (claim 11).
  • a positive connection between the closure head and the closure carrier is made, no matter how fast the return of the closure carrier takes place, that is about the slow load.
  • the locking bolt on a slot which is penetrated by the firing pin the firing pin has behind the locking bolt on a paragraph, and the slot has a chamfer towards the rear, which engages the shoulder of the firing pin and this pushes back when the locking pin out of engagement is pulled with the training of the force introduction part (claim 12).
  • the firing pin is forcibly pushed out of engagement with the cartridge after firing and can not reach the cartridge bottom when the shutter is unlocked.
  • neither a rupturing primer can hold the firing pin forward, nor a premature ignition occur, so then, if the lock head is not locked yet. This guarantees reliability even in the case of rare disturbances.
  • a closure head has only one extractor.
  • the invention differs from the effect that in the locking head transversely to the locking pin two recesses are formed in the rear of each a bore for a pressure pin and a spring pushing this forward, that in one of the recesses against the force the pressure bolt pivotable extractor is used, and that in the opposite recess as far as necessary, a support member is immovably inserted opposite to the extractor, the bottom of a cartridge or cartridge case laterally supported (claim 13). Extractor and support element are thus facing each other.
  • the support member supports the cartridge case after removal, so that the cartridge case does not slip off the opposite extractor claw.
  • the closure makes after the shot first an acceleration phase and then a deceleration phase. During the deceleration phase, the bottom of the accelerated cartridge shell rests firmly on the thrust floor. "Shock" is called the front surface of the closure head.
  • the cartridge case is very short, so that they may still in the acceleration phase or shortly after this already the cartridge chamber leaves. Since the support element and the extractor sit in similar recesses, they can be exchanged for each other. Thus, it is possible to change the direction of ejection of the rifle, so that the rifle is easily adaptable to right or left shooters.
  • the parts shown belong to a large-caliber self-loading rifle for garnet cartridges, the total length is about 90 mm, the sleeve length but less than 30 mm.
  • the caliber is 20 mm. All figures show the same embodiment; the reference numbers apply to all figures.
  • the rifle has a barrel 101 which is inserted into a force introduction part 104.
  • the rear end of the barrel 101 is formed as a cartridge chamber 103.
  • cartridge chamber In cartridge chamber, the cartridge case 165 of a cartridge 163 is added.
  • the force introduction part 104 forms a central anchoring element to which not only the barrel 101, but also a housing, a target electronics, a belt carrier and an attachment (grenade launcher, automatic rifle, etc.) can be attached.
  • the force introduction part 104 is above the receiving bore for the barrel 101 and parallel to this penetrated by a bore whose front part has a smaller diameter than bore 167 is formed for the closing spring tube 169 and opens into a larger bore, which forms a gas cylinder 171.
  • the transition between the two holes 167, 171 is chamfered. This transition is connected to the barrel 101 through a gas removal hole 173 which extends transversely to this and opens into this at the end of the cartridge chamber 103.
  • a one-piece tube which is composed of two cylindrical pipe sections with different diameter: a closing spring tube 169 and a gas piston 175.
  • the closing spring tube 169 is slidably, but substantially sealing in the bore 167th die
  • Gaskolben 175 sits slidably, but substantially sealing in the gas cylinder 171.
  • the shoulder between the two pipe sections 169 and 175 forms the active surface of the gas piston 175.
  • the gas piston 175 is extended in one piece to the rear by a closure carrier 113.
  • the movable member from the tube 169, the gas piston 175 and the shutter carrier 113 is penetrated by a hole open to the rear. The front of the hole is closed. In this bore, a closing spring-receiving bore sits a closing spring, not shown, which is behind the arrangement shown in the Closure supported. At the front of the closing spring tube 169 (not shown here) engages a loading lever, by means of which the entire component 169, 175, 113 is pushed back, against the force of the closing spring.
  • the closure carrier is moved back either by hand or automatically. He puts it back a linear trajectory, which runs parallel to the central axis of the barrel. Not shown longitudinal grooves in the housing thereby lead the closure carrier, together with the guide of the closing spring tube 169 in the bore 167 and the gas piston 175 in the gas cylinder 171 each in the force introduction part 104th
  • a closure head 111 Behind the barrel 101 and thus under the closure carrier 113 there is a closure head 111. This is movable together with the closure carrier 113 to the rear and front, but not alone. The movement distance is longer than the length of a cartridge 163. Also, the movement of the closure head 111 is guided by not shown longitudinal grooves or webs in the housing.
  • the closure head 111 is penetrated by a locking bolt 125 which has the shape of a vertical letter "T" whose vertical bar passes through a vertical bore 121 in the closure head 111.
  • This vertical beam terminates at the bottom in a latch extension 107.
  • a transverse, horizontal bar of the "T” terminates on either side in a respective latching finger 108.
  • the horizontal bar has a coupling projection 183 extending rearwardly.
  • three abutments for the locking bolt 125 are formed in the force introduction member 104, namely, a lower, a conical bore-forming locking recess 105, the center lies on a vertical, which passes through the barrel center axis, and two to this vertical Symmetrical locking notches 106.
  • the locking notches 106 are located in front of projections of the inner surface of the force introduction part 104th
  • the locking pin 125 When the locking pin 125 is raised, the locking projection 107 is released upwardly from the locking recess, and the locking fingers 108 are exposed upward from the locking notches 106. Now, the shutter head 111 is unlocked and can move to the rear. This is the unlocking position of the locking bolt 125.
  • a firing pin 119 passes horizontally and centrally, relative to the barrel 101, the locking pin 125th
  • the firing pin 119 passes through a slot 131 in the locking bolt 125, so that this unhindered can move between locking position and Entriegelungslage.
  • the firing pin 119 has, as seen in Fig. 4, in the rear part of a paragraph or a thickening 129.
  • the back of the elongated hole 131 is provided with a bevel 133 extending obliquely upwards and forwards from below and behind. This chamfer allows the firing pin 119 in the locking bolt 125 from behind dive when they are in the locking position shown.
  • the bevel 133 pushes the thickening 129 of the firing pin 119 and thus this backwards.
  • the firing pin can thus reach its foremost position only when the locking pin 125 is in its locking position, so that ignition of a cartridge 163 can take place only in this position.
  • a spring, which is required in other weapons for pushing back the firing pin 119 is here replaced by the positive control, which is realized by the bevel 133.
  • a transverse shaft 189 is further arranged behind the locking pin 125, rotatably mounted on a central rocker arm 187.
  • One leg of this rocker arm 187 engages under the coupling projection 183, the other leg is up to below the shutter carrier 113th
  • a downwardly projecting locking projection 185 is formed on the closure support 113, the front side of a has upwardly and forwardly extending bevel 193.
  • the shutter carrier 113 In the locked position of the locking pin 125 (lower layer), the shutter carrier 113 is in the foremost position (FIG. 2).
  • the locking projection 185 sits above the locking pin 125 and prevents it from being able to move out of its position.
  • the position of the rocker arm 187 is as shown in FIG.
  • the locking projection 185 when the shutter carrier 113 is moved by hand or by gas pressure to the rear, the locking projection 185 also runs backwards and releases the locking pin 125. At the same time, the locking projection 185 runs against the vertical leg of the rocker arm 187 and pivots it in the sequence (in the drawing in a clockwise direction). In this case, the horizontal leg of the rocker arm 187 lifts the coupling projection 183 and thus also the locking pin 125. Whose upper part now falls into a coupling groove 191, which is formed on the underside of the closure carrier 113 in front of the bevel 193.
  • the locking projection 185 runs on the upper leg of the rocker arm 187 and keeps it tilted so that it holds the locking pin 125 in the upper position in which it engages in the groove 191.
  • the locking pin 125 and thus the locking head 111 forcibly follow the movement of the shutter carrier 113 to the rear. In this case engages under a housing (not shown) housing the locking bolt 125 from below and prevents it can fall down. The described connection between the parts thus remains maintained.
  • the weapon is now ready to fire when a cartridge 163 is in the chamber 103.
  • the length of the cartridge case 165 is less than one third of the total return of the closure 111, 113. This means that the cartridge case 165 is already fully extended from the cartridge chamber 103 even before the closure 111, 113 is significantly slowed down by the closing spring becomes. However, the acceleration phase of the shutter 111, 113 is already completed, since the barrel 101 must be virtually depressurized when the cartridge case 165 is fully extended.
  • the impact bottom 181 of the closure head 111 is up and down with a Edge bar 195 provided. It is more difficult to ensure the lateral support of the cartridge case 165.
  • FIG. 4 shows a horizontal section through the center of the closure head 111.
  • the closure head 111 has on both sides and symmetrically to each other two slot-shaped recesses 110, which terminates at the rear by a spring bore 197.
  • an extractor claw 161 is used, on which a (not shown) spring in the associated spring bore 197 acts via a plunger.
  • the extractor claw 161 is pivotable about a vertical axis.
  • a support body 199 In the other recess 110 sits a support body 199, which is also held by a vertical axis.
  • This support body 199 is generally similar to the extractor claw 161, but is a little larger so that it can not move in the recess 110.
  • the support body 199 unlike the Ausieher claw 161, does not surround the cartridge bottom of a cartridge chamber 104 located in cartridge chamber 104.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP03797252A 2002-09-04 2003-08-27 Gasdrucklader Expired - Lifetime EP1535015B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10240886A DE10240886A1 (de) 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Gasdrucklader
DE10240886 2002-09-04
PCT/EP2003/009493 WO2004027337A1 (de) 2002-09-04 2003-08-27 Gasdrucklader

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1535015A1 EP1535015A1 (de) 2005-06-01
EP1535015B1 true EP1535015B1 (de) 2006-02-15

Family

ID=31724336

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03797252A Expired - Lifetime EP1535015B1 (de) 2002-09-04 2003-08-27 Gasdrucklader

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1535015B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR100657081B1 (ko)
AT (1) ATE317967T1 (ko)
AU (1) AU2003260464A1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2507740A1 (ko)
DE (2) DE10240886A1 (ko)
DK (1) DK1535015T3 (ko)
ES (1) ES2257709T3 (ko)
WO (1) WO2004027337A1 (ko)
ZA (1) ZA200501826B (ko)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE473028A (ko) * 1946-05-04
FR1266597A (fr) * 1960-06-02 1961-07-17 France Etat Armement Procédé et dispositif d'emprunt de gaz pour armes automatiques
US3213558A (en) * 1964-03-04 1965-10-26 High Standard Mfg Corp Means for mounting bolt-actuating device for firearms
ES379338A1 (es) * 1969-04-29 1973-04-16 Beretta Armi Spa Perfeccionamientos en los fusiles automaticos.
US3776096A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-12-04 J Donovan Gas operated firearm
US3791060A (en) * 1973-03-08 1974-02-12 N Weaver Convertible bolt action rifle
US4580484A (en) * 1984-04-13 1986-04-08 Moore Wildey J Firearm and firearm conversion unit
AT393028B (de) * 1986-04-08 1991-07-25 Maximilian Vojta Gasentnahmesystem fuer eine feuerwaffe
US5983774A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-11-16 Mihaita; Ion Machine gun

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2507740A1 (en) 2004-04-01
DK1535015T3 (da) 2006-06-12
ZA200501826B (en) 2005-09-08
KR100657081B1 (ko) 2006-12-13
DE50302444D1 (de) 2006-04-20
ES2257709T3 (es) 2006-08-01
WO2004027337A1 (de) 2004-04-01
DE10240886A1 (de) 2004-03-18
KR20050057157A (ko) 2005-06-16
AU2003260464A1 (en) 2004-04-08
ATE317967T1 (de) 2006-03-15
EP1535015A1 (de) 2005-06-01

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