EP1531677A4 - Three dimensional vaginal tissue model containing immune cells - Google Patents
Three dimensional vaginal tissue model containing immune cellsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1531677A4 EP1531677A4 EP03734125A EP03734125A EP1531677A4 EP 1531677 A4 EP1531677 A4 EP 1531677A4 EP 03734125 A EP03734125 A EP 03734125A EP 03734125 A EP03734125 A EP 03734125A EP 1531677 A4 EP1531677 A4 EP 1531677A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- immunocells
- vaginal
- dimensional
- weave
- model
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0697—Artificial constructs associating cells of different lineages, e.g. tissue equivalents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/10—Growth factors
- C12N2501/117—Keratinocyte growth factors (KGF-1, i.e. FGF-7; KGF-2, i.e. FGF-12)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/30—Hormones
- C12N2501/33—Insulin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/30—Hormones
- C12N2501/38—Hormones with nuclear receptors
- C12N2501/385—Hormones with nuclear receptors of the family of the retinoic acid recptor, e.g. RAR, RXR; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/30—Hormones
- C12N2501/38—Hormones with nuclear receptors
- C12N2501/39—Steroid hormones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2502/00—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by
- C12N2502/09—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by epidermal cells, skin cells, oral mucosa cells
- C12N2502/094—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by epidermal cells, skin cells, oral mucosa cells keratinocytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2502/00—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by
- C12N2502/11—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by blood or immune system cells
- C12N2502/1114—T cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2502/00—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by
- C12N2502/11—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by blood or immune system cells
- C12N2502/1121—Dendritic cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2502/00—Coculture with; Conditioned medium produced by
- C12N2502/24—Genital tract cells, non-germinal cells from gonads
- C12N2502/243—Cells of the female genital tract, non-germinal ovarian cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2503/00—Use of cells in diagnostics
- C12N2503/04—Screening or testing on artificial tissues
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/165,267 US6943021B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2002-06-07 | Three dimensional vaginal tissue model containing immune cells |
| US165267 | 2002-06-07 | ||
| PCT/US2003/016167 WO2003104393A2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-05-21 | Three dimensional vaginal tissue model containing immune cells |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1531677A2 EP1531677A2 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
| EP1531677A4 true EP1531677A4 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
Family
ID=29710402
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03734125A Withdrawn EP1531677A4 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2003-05-21 | Three dimensional vaginal tissue model containing immune cells |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6943021B2 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1531677A4 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP4531558B2 (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2003239561A1 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2488575A1 (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2003104393A2 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005014149A1 (ja) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-17 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | 複合多孔膜とその製造方法 |
| EP1937798A4 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2009-05-13 | Univ Columbia | CHEMICALLY DEFINED CULTURAL MEDIA FOR THE EXPANSION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF EPIDERMIC CELLS AND USES THEREOF FOR THE IN VITRO FARMING OF HAIRFOLLICLES |
| JP4792566B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-01 | 2011-10-12 | 財団法人ヒューマンサイエンス振興財団 | 樹状細胞を含む三次元培養ヒト皮膚モデル |
| EP1762609B1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2012-04-04 | Takara Bio Inc. | Serum-free medium for the production of retroviral vectors |
| WO2007031273A2 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-03-22 | Universität Bern | Artificial immune-reconstituted epidermis equivalents |
| EP2260097B1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2017-04-26 | Sanofi Pasteur VaxDesign Corporation | Disease model incorporation into an artificial immune system (ais) |
| JP2010046058A (ja) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-03-04 | Two Cells Co Ltd | 治療用培養細胞の製造方法 |
| CN103797110B (zh) | 2011-07-12 | 2017-08-25 | 食品安全测试系统公司 | 沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的培养基和培养方法以及用于检测沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的方法 |
| US9301920B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2016-04-05 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| US8633178B2 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2014-01-21 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| ITMI20120104A1 (it) * | 2012-01-30 | 2013-07-31 | Cutech S R L | L'utilizzo di tessuto umano proveniente da piccole labbra dei genitali femminili |
| JP5977580B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-24 | 2016-08-24 | 秀実 高橋 | ランゲルハンス細胞の調製方法 |
| US10806740B2 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2020-10-20 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| US10806697B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2020-10-20 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US20150196640A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2015-07-16 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Progesterone formulations having a desirable pk profile |
| US20130338122A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-19 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Transdermal hormone replacement therapies |
| US10568891B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2020-02-25 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US11266661B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2022-03-08 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US10537581B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2020-01-21 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US10471072B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2019-11-12 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| US9180091B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-11-10 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Soluble estradiol capsule for vaginal insertion |
| US11246875B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2022-02-15 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Vaginal inserted estradiol pharmaceutical compositions and methods |
| EP3145489A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2017-03-29 | TherapeuticsMD, Inc. | Natural combination hormone replacement formulations and therapies |
| US10328087B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2019-06-25 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Formulations for solubilizing hormones |
| GB2567269B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2021-10-06 | Univ Pennsylvania | Systems and methods for producing micro-engineered models of the human cervix |
| CN105483085B (zh) * | 2016-02-16 | 2019-02-26 | 广州赛莱拉干细胞科技股份有限公司 | 一种dc细胞培养方法及培养基 |
| WO2017173044A1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Therapeuticsmd Inc. | Steroid hormone compositions in medium chain oils |
| WO2017173071A1 (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Steroid hormone pharmaceutical composition |
| US10297085B2 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2019-05-21 | Intel Corporation | Augmented reality creations with interactive behavior and modality assignments |
| US20180100142A1 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | Mattek Corporation | Methods and Kits for Production of Tissue Equivalents from Cryopreserved Cells |
| CN108342322A (zh) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-07-31 | 宁夏医科大学总医院 | 建立原代人子宫内膜上皮细胞气液相培养模型的方法 |
| US11633405B2 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2023-04-25 | Therapeuticsmd, Inc. | Steroid hormone pharmaceutical formulations |
| CN113293126B (zh) * | 2021-04-01 | 2023-11-07 | 广东博溪生物科技有限公司 | 一种人阴道粘膜模型的体外构建方法 |
| WO2023278286A1 (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2023-01-05 | Mattek Corporation | Intestinal and respiratory tissue models containing enterocytes, fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells |
| CN115181719B (zh) * | 2022-07-13 | 2023-09-15 | 福建省海西细胞生物工程有限公司 | 一种用于培养组织工程表皮的无血清培养基 |
| CN118853540B (zh) * | 2024-09-27 | 2024-12-10 | 济南磐升生物技术有限公司 | 一种人阴道上皮模型的体外构建方法 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0789074A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-08-13 | L'oreal | Equivalent de peau comprenant des cellules de Langerhans |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL79289A (en) | 1985-07-05 | 1992-01-15 | Whitehead Biomedical Inst | Introduction and expression of foreign genetic material into keratinocytes using a recombinant retrovirus |
| US5863531A (en) | 1986-04-18 | 1999-01-26 | Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc. | In vitro preparation of tubular tissue structures by stromal cell culture on a three-dimensional framework |
| US5266480A (en) | 1986-04-18 | 1993-11-30 | Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc. | Three-dimensional skin culture system |
| US5160490A (en) | 1986-04-18 | 1992-11-03 | Marrow-Tech Incorporated | Three-dimensional cell and tissue culture apparatus |
| US4963489A (en) | 1987-04-14 | 1990-10-16 | Marrow-Tech, Inc. | Three-dimensional cell and tissue culture system |
| US5032508A (en) | 1988-09-08 | 1991-07-16 | Marrow-Tech, Inc. | Three-dimensional cell and tissue culture system |
| US5902741A (en) | 1986-04-18 | 1999-05-11 | Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc. | Three-dimensional cartilage cultures |
| US5061620A (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-29 | Systemix, Inc. | Human hematopoietic stem cell |
| US5478739A (en) | 1992-10-23 | 1995-12-26 | Advanced Tissue Sciences, Inc. | Three-dimensional stromal cell and tissue culture system |
| US5627025A (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1997-05-06 | The Rockefeller University | Method for the identification of compounds capable of abrogating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of dendritic cells and T-lymphocytes |
| US5830682A (en) | 1994-09-09 | 1998-11-03 | Zymogenetics | Preparation of immortalized cells |
| US5766944A (en) | 1996-12-31 | 1998-06-16 | Ruiz; Margaret Eileen | T cell differentiation of CD34+ stem cells in cultured thymic epithelial fragments |
| WO1998051785A1 (en) * | 1997-05-14 | 1998-11-19 | The General Hospital Corporation | Co-cultivation of cells in a micropatterned configuration |
| US5968546A (en) | 1997-05-16 | 1999-10-19 | Baur; Marcus | Keratinocyte culture from precursor cells |
| EP1538162B1 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2012-04-11 | North Carolina State University | Compositions for altering mucus secretion |
| DK1264877T3 (da) * | 2000-03-16 | 2013-10-28 | Cellseed Inc | Celledyrkningsbæremateriale, fremgangsmåde til samdyrkning af celler og samdyrket cellelag opnået derved |
-
2002
- 2002-06-07 US US10/165,267 patent/US6943021B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-21 AU AU2003239561A patent/AU2003239561A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-21 WO PCT/US2003/016167 patent/WO2003104393A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-05-21 EP EP03734125A patent/EP1531677A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-05-21 CA CA002488575A patent/CA2488575A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-21 JP JP2004511453A patent/JP4531558B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-24 US US11/165,671 patent/US20080003677A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0789074A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-08-13 | L'oreal | Equivalent de peau comprenant des cellules de Langerhans |
Non-Patent Citations (9)
| Title |
|---|
| AYEHUNIE S ET AL: "Organotypic human vaginal-ectocervical tissue model for irritation studies of spermicides, microbicides, and feminine-care products", TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO 2006 UNITED KINGDOM, vol. 20, no. 5, 2006, pages 689 - 698, XP002401734, ISSN: 0887-2333 * |
| BERNARD F-X ET AL: "Comparison of gene expression profiles in human keratinocyte mono-layer cultures, reconstituted epidermis and normal human skin", EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, COPENHAGEN, DK, vol. 11, no. 1, February 2002 (2002-02-01), pages 59 - 74, XP002251235, ISSN: 0906-6705 * |
| COLLINS KELLY B ET AL: "Development of an in vitro organ culture model to study transmission of HIV-1 in the female genital tract", NATURE MEDICINE, vol. 6, no. 4, April 2000 (2000-04-01), pages 475 - 479, XP002401732, ISSN: 1078-8956 * |
| DELVENNE P ET AL: "The organotypic culture of HPV-transformed keratinocytes: an effective in vitro model for the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches for mucosal (pre)neoplastic lesions", VACCINE, BUTTERWORTH SCIENTIFIC. GUILDFORD, GB, vol. 19, no. 17-19, 21 March 2001 (2001-03-21), pages 2557 - 2564, XP004231080, ISSN: 0264-410X * |
| DOUCET O ET AL: "Characterization of the Barrier function, hydration and pH of 3D-epithelial cultures cultivated from foreskin, corneal, buccal and vaginal cells", PERSPECTIVES IN PERCUTANEOUS PENETRATION, vol. 7A, 2000, pages 53, XP001247629 * |
| ECKERT R L ET AL: "Molecular biology of keratinocyte differentiation.", ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES. MAR 1989, vol. 80, March 1989 (1989-03-01), pages 109 - 116, XP002402480, ISSN: 0091-6765 * |
| KREBS FRED C ET AL: "Sodium dodecyl sulfate and C31G as microbicidal alternatives to nonoxynol 9: Comparative sensitivity of primary human vaginal keratinocytes", ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, vol. 44, no. 7, July 2000 (2000-07-01), pages 1954 - 1960, XP002401733, ISSN: 0066-4804 * |
| SCHALLER MARTIN ET AL: "The secreted aspartyl proteinases Sap1 and Sap2 cause tissue damage in an in vitro model of vaginal candidiasis based on reconstituted human vaginal epithelium.", INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, vol. 71, no. 6, June 2003 (2003-06-01), pages 3227 - 3234, XP002402481, ISSN: 0019-9567 * |
| See also references of WO03104393A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005530500A (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
| CA2488575A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
| WO2003104393A3 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
| US20030228686A1 (en) | 2003-12-11 |
| US6943021B2 (en) | 2005-09-13 |
| US20080003677A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
| AU2003239561A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
| WO2003104393A2 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
| JP4531558B2 (ja) | 2010-08-25 |
| AU2003239561A8 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
| EP1531677A2 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20050106 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20061030 |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20071113 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20120828 |