EP1530554A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von synthetischen kohlenwasserstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von synthetischen kohlenwasserstoffenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1530554A1 EP1530554A1 EP03793725A EP03793725A EP1530554A1 EP 1530554 A1 EP1530554 A1 EP 1530554A1 EP 03793725 A EP03793725 A EP 03793725A EP 03793725 A EP03793725 A EP 03793725A EP 1530554 A1 EP1530554 A1 EP 1530554A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- oligomerization
- boron trifluoride
- olefins
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 138
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- SFHYNDMGZXWXBU-LIMNOBDPSA-N 6-amino-2-[[(e)-(3-formylphenyl)methylideneamino]carbamoylamino]-1,3-dioxobenzo[de]isoquinoline-5,8-disulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C1C(C2=3)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=3C(N)=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C2C(=O)N1NC(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=CC(C=O)=C1 SFHYNDMGZXWXBU-LIMNOBDPSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- -1 aromatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940052308 general anesthetics halogenated hydrocarbons Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Oxybisoctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexoxyhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCCCCC BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUJPFPXNDSIBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediyl Chemical group [CH2]C[CH2] CUJPFPXNDSIBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIVCRYZSXDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-butanediyl Chemical group [CH2]CC[CH2] OMIVCRYZSXDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQCZQTSHSZLZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloropentane Chemical compound CCCCCCl SQCZQTSHSZLZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJEGHEMJVNQWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptoxyheptane Chemical compound CCCCCCCOCCCCCCC UJEGHEMJVNQWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOPDRZXCEAKHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentoxypentane Chemical compound CCCCCOCCCCC AOPDRZXCEAKHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPOMCDPCTBJJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]propane Chemical compound CC(C)COC(C)(C)C UPOMCDPCTBJJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNFSPSWQNZVCTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-propan-2-yloxypropane Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)(C)C HNFSPSWQNZVCTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000501667 Etroplus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 108010037444 diisopropylglutathione ester Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OCLXJTCGWSSVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol etoh Chemical compound CCO.CCO OCLXJTCGWSSVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N icos-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meoh methanol Chemical compound OC.OC COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OLUKZDDFBTYGCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane trifluoroborane Chemical compound C.B(F)(F)F OLUKZDDFBTYGCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/14—Catalytic processes with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids
- C07C2/20—Acids of halogen; Salts thereof ; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/08—Halides
- C07C2527/12—Fluorides
- C07C2527/1213—Boron fluoride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons, which comprises the oligomerization of 1-olefins having 8 to 30 C atoms.
- Hydrocarbons based on 1-olefins with 8 to 30 C atoms are used as so-called base oils in partially or fully synthetic motor oils.
- the central step in the production of these base oils is the oligomerization of 1-olefins with 8 to 30 C atoms.
- the oligomerization takes place in the presence of boron trifluoride and a protic compound which can form a complex with boron trifluoride and which is usually also referred to as an activator, promoter or cocatalyst.
- the oligomerization of 1-olefins in the presence of boron trifluoride and a protic activator described in the prior art has a number of disadvantages.
- the reaction mixture during the oligomerization must be supersaturated with boron trifluoride and high boron trifluoride pressures in the reactor - generally ⁇ 2 bar.
- the consumption of boron trifluoride is consequently high and cannot be reduced to less than 2% by weight, based on the amount of 1-olefin used, even with complex recycle measures.
- PA04 is obtained by fractional distillation, initially unreacted l-01efin and dimer being separated off and then PA04, which predominantly consists of trimers and tetramers, being distilled off from products of higher viscosity. This also increases the manufacturing costs for PA04.
- PA04 obtained as a distillate has only a moderate viscosity index, which is particularly undesirable with regard to the use of PA04 in low-viscosity motor oils.
- WO 01/21675 describes a process in which an I-01efin is first oligomerized in the presence of transition metal catalysts, the low molecular weight part is separated therefrom and then the low molecular weight part is reacted in the presence of an acidic catalyst, for example a boron trifluoride alcohol complex .
- an acidic catalyst for example a boron trifluoride alcohol complex
- the metallocene catalysts used are expensive.
- this is also a coupled production of PA04 with products of higher viscosity.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a process for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons by oligomerization of l-01efins in the presence of boron trifluoride catalysts which requires less boron trifluoride consumption.
- aprotic organic compounds A2 which is selected from ethers with at least one ether oxygen atom, and
- Halogenated hydrocarbons in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and 1, 2 or 3 halogen atoms, and in particular 1, 2 or 3 chlorine atoms,
- molar ratio of boron trifluoride to the total amount of compound AI and A2 is in the range from 0.8: 1 to 4: 1.
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a synthetic hydrocarbon, comprising the oligomerization of l-01efins having 8 to 30 carbon atoms in the presence of boron trifluoride and at least one protic activator AI, characterized in that the reaction in the presence of at least one further Carries out a compound which is selected from the aprotic organic compounds A2 defined above and the halogenated hydrocarbons, in particular chlorinated hydrocarbons, the molar ratio of boron trifluoride to the total amount of compounds AI and A2 being in the range from 0.8: 1 to 4: 1 , and the absolute pressure of boron trifluoride in the reactor does not exceed 1.3 bar.
- the process according to the invention is advantageously carried out at BF 3 concentrations which do not exceed the saturation concentration of BF 3 in the reaction mixture at reaction temperature and normal pressure, ie a BF 3 partial pressure of 1013 mbar, or only insignificantly, at least at the beginning of the reaction.
- concentration of BF 3 in the reaction mixture is preferably not more than 120% of this saturation concentration and is in particular the saturation concentration and particularly preferably less, for. B. at a maximum of 90%, based on the value of the saturation concentration.
- the saturation concentration can be determined in a simple manner by the person skilled in the art by introducing BF 3 into a specific volume of the reaction mixture until saturation at normal pressure and weighing out the introduced BF 3 .
- the absolute pressure of boron trifluoride in the reactor is not more than 1.3 bar, preferably not more than 1.2 bar, in particular not more than 1.1 bar. particularly preferably not more than 1.05 bar, especially not more than 1 bar, for example 0.5 to 1.1 bar and especially 0.8 to 1.05 bar.
- the boron trifluoride pressure in the reactor can be set in a manner known per se, for example by supplying the reactor with boron trifluoride with an appropriate BF 3 partial pressure, for example by mixing a mixture of BF 3 with an inert gas feeds into the reactor and / or adjusts the feed rate of BF 3 in the reactor so that - the saturation concentration is not reached.
- the boron trifluoride concentration in the reaction mixture is therefore generally less than 3% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight and is in particular in the range from 0.1 to ⁇ 2% by weight, in particular in the range from 0. 3 to 1.8 wt .-% and especially in the range of 0.5 to 1.5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the reaction mixture. If a phase separation occurs in the reaction in a first phase with a high boron trifluoride concentration and a second phase with a low boron trifluoride concentration, these tasks relate to the second phase.
- the total concentration of BF 3 in the reaction mixture can then also be higher. However, it will preferably not exceed a value of 10% by weight and in particular 5% by weight.
- the molar ratio of boron trifluoride to the total amount of compound AI and optionally A2 is preferably not more than 2.5: 1, in particular not more than 2: 1 and in particular not more than 1.8: 1. This ratio is preferably at least 1: 1 and in particular at least 1.2: 1.
- protic activators known from the prior art which can form a complex with the boron trifluoride are suitable as compounds AI.
- compounds AI include, for example, water, aliphatic or aromatic alcohols, e.g. B. alkanols with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aliphatic polyols such as glycerin, glycol and pentaerythritol, hydrogen fluoride and carboxylic acids, eg. B. aliphatic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid or aromatic carboxylic acids such as benzoic acid.
- Preferred activators AI are selected from alkanols with 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular with 1 to 6 C atoms and especially with 2 to 4 C atoms and among them preferably primary and secondary alkanols.
- the process according to the invention is characterized in that the oligomerization is carried out in the presence of a compound A2 and / or in the presence of a halogenated hydrocarbon.
- Suitable compounds A2 are in principle all aprotic, preferably aliphatic ethers, which contain at least 1, e.g. B. 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, and preferably exactly 1 ether oxygen atom. Aliphatic means that the ether has no aromatic or cyclic groups. The ethers preferably have no further functional groups. The compounds A2 preferably have at least 5 carbon atoms, for. B. 5 to 30 and in particular 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Preferred compounds A2 are dialkyl ethers with at least 5 carbon atoms, e.g. B. 5 to 30 and in particular 10 to 20 carbon atoms.
- ether compounds of the general formula are also suitable
- R and R 'independently of one another are alkyl having 1 to 4 • C atoms
- n is 1, 2, 3 or 4, in particular 1 or 2
- Alk is a linear or branched alkylene group having 2, 3 or 4 C atoms stands.
- Alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms includes, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-propyl, and the like.
- Alkylene with 2 to 4 carbon atoms includes, for example, 1,2-ethanediyl, 1,2-propanediyl, 1,3-propanediyl, 1,2-butanediyl and 1,4-butanediyl.
- Preferred compounds A2 are those whose donor number according to Gutmann (V. Gutmann and E. Wychera, Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett., 1966, 2, 257) is in the range from 5 to 25 and in particular in the range from 10 to 20 lies. An overview with numerous details of donor numbers and methods for their determination can be found in Y. Marcus, Chemical Society Reviews 1993, pp. 409-416.
- Halogenated hydrocarbons are in principle all aliphatic hydrocarbons with 1 to 6 carbon atoms in which 1, 2 or 3 of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a halogen atom. Halogen here includes in particular fluorine, chlorine and bromine and especially chlorine. Chlorinated hydrocarbons are, for example, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, chloropropane, chlorobutane, chloropentane and the like. The preferred chlorinated hydrocarbon is dichloromethane. Chlorofluorocarbons and chlorobromocarbons are also suitable.
- the concentration of the chlorinated hydrocarbon in the reaction mixture is preferably 2 to 20% by weight and in particular 5 to 15% by weight.
- Dichloromethane is a particularly preferred chlorinated hydrocarbon.
- the compounds Al and A2 will generally be in a molar ratio of Al: A2 in the range from 5: 1 to 1:20, preferably 3: 1 to 1:10 and in particular 2 : Insert 1 to 1: 5.
- the type and amount of compound A2 are preferably chosen such that the average donor number of compounds AI and A2, averaged over the mole fraction of AI and A2, is in the range from 15 to 34 and in particular in the range from 15 to 28.
- the oligomerization is carried out in the presence of a compound A2, it has proven to be advantageous if the average number of carbon atoms in the compounds AI and A2, averaged over the 'mole fraction of AI and A2, in the range from 4 to 8 and in particular in the Range is 4.5 to 7.
- the compound Al is then preferably selected from alkanols having 2 to 6 and in particular having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and 2-butanol. Under these conditions, the mixture to be oligomerized, boron trifluoride and the compound Al, A2 and, if appropriate, the halogenated hydrocarbon generally form a homogeneous phase. In this execution the reaction can be carried out in the presence or absence of a chlorinated hydrocarbon.
- the type and amount of compound AI and the type and amount of any compound A2 used and the type and amount of any chlorinated hydrocarbon used are selected so that the solubility of free BF 3 and that caused by compounds AI and A2 bound boron trifluoride in the reactor discharge after completion of the oligomerization is less than 1% by weight and in particular less than 0.8% by weight.
- the solubility of the boron trifluoride in the reactor discharge is preferably at least 0.4% by weight and in particular at least 0.5% by weight.
- a first phase with a high BF 3 concentration and a second phase, poor in BF 3 but rich in product or starting material are formed.
- the two phases are in the form of a fine emulsion that is largely stable over a period of 3 minutes.
- the compound AI is then preferably selected from water, alkanols with 1 to 3 carbon atoms and hydrogen fluoride. If a compound A2 is used, it is preferably selected from dialkyl ethers having 5 to 10 and preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Such low solubility can be achieved, for example, by using ethanol, isopropanol or n-propanol as the compound AI in combination with a chlorinated hydrocarbon and in the absence of a compound A2. What has been said above applies to the type and amount of chlorinated hydrocarbon.
- solubility can also be achieved by using methanol, water or hydrogen fluoride as the compound A1 and a dialkyl ether having at least 5 and preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms as the compound A2.
- the molar ratio of compound AI to compound A2 is then preferably in the range from 1: 2 to 1:20.
- the boron trifluoride concentration in the reaction mixture is preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight and in particular 0.7 to 5% by weight.
- boron trifluoride concentrations above 3% by weight do not impair the success of the process according to the invention, because, owing to the phase separation into a first catalyst phase rich in boron trifluoride and a second educt / product phase low in boron trifluoride, the catalyst can be carried out in the simplest manner Are separated from the reaction mixture and returned to the oligomerization reaction.
- the activity of the boron trifluoride complex in the reaction presumably due to the fine distribution of BF 3 -rich phase to the BF 3 poor phase - - sufficiently high to cause a rapid turnover research.
- the 1-olefins to be oligomerized preferably comprise at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight and particularly preferably at least 90% by weight l-01-fine with a vinyl structure.
- the starting materials in the process according to the invention are, in particular, 1-olefins having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, in particular with regard to the production of oligomers with a viscosity of about 4 mm 2 / sec to about 5 mm 2 / sec (PA04 and PA05).
- Preferred among the 1-olefins are those which have a low degree of branching.
- At least 90% by weight of the l-01efine structural units of the formula (CH 2 ) n used for oligomerization have n in which n is an integer which has a value of at least 5, for example a value of 5 to 20 and in particular of 6 to 12.
- H 2 C CH- (CH 2 ) q HI
- H 2 C C (CH 3 ) (CH 2 ) p H II where p + 3 corresponds to the total number of carbon atoms of the olefin.
- Olefins of the formula II are also referred to as 2-methyl- ⁇ -olefins.
- olefins of the general formula I are 1-octene,
- olefins of formula II 2-methyloctene-1, 2-methyldecene-1, 2-methyldodecene-1 and the like.
- Suitable 1-olefins are in principle also the dimerization products of linear 1-olefins having 4 to 14 carbon atoms, which to a large extent, generally> 95%, from vinylidene olefins of the formula III
- the value r corresponds to the number of carbon atoms of the linear ⁇ -olefins used for the dimerization.
- olefins are used for the oligomerization which have 8 to 14 and in particular 10 to 12 C atoms.
- the 1-olefin to be oligomerized comprises at least 90% by weight and in particular at least 99% by weight of 1-decene.
- the 1-olefin to be oligomerized comprises at least 90% by weight and in particular at least 99% by weight 1-dodecene.
- the reaction mixture in addition to the 1-olefin as starting material, boron trifluoride, activator compound Al, optionally compound A2 and optionally chlorinated hydrocarbon, the reaction mixture usually does not comprise any further components, ie. H. the proportion of different components is less than
- the reaction mixture can also be diluted with an inert solvent.
- Inert solvents are those which do not form any complexes with the boron trifluoride, for example saturated hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, n-octane, n-decane, cyclohexane, cyclopene tan and the like.
- the proportion of solvent, based on the total weight of the reaction mixture is then generally 5 to 50% by weight, in particular 5 to 20% by weight.
- the 1-olefins to be oligomerized are brought into contact with boron trifluoride and at least one protic activator and at least one further compound, selected from the aprotic organic compounds A2 and the chlorinated hydrocarbons, in the desired ratio.
- the contacting can take place in a manner known per se, the individual measures usually being based on whether the reaction is carried out continuously or batchwise.
- the olefin to be oligomerized or a part thereof e.g. B. 10 to 50 wt .-%
- the compound AI and optionally the compound A2 and / or the chlorinated hydrocarbon then initiates the desired amount of boron trifluoride at a temperature below the reaction temperature, generally ensuring good mixing becomes.
- the mixture is then heated to the desired reaction temperature and the temperatures are maintained until the desired conversion is reached, it being possible to add further 1-olefin before or during the heating or in the course of the reaction.
- boron trifluoride can be added as gaseous boron trifluoride or in the form of a complex of boron trifluoride and the compound AI and optionally the compound A2, optionally dissolved in the chlorinated hydrocarbon.
- Part of the boron trifluoride can of course also be added as a complex and another part in gaseous form.
- part of the boron trifluoride and the compound Al, optionally A2 and / or the chlorinated hydrocarbon are initially introduced into the reactor, then the l-01efin to be oligomerized is added at a temperature below the oligomerization temperature, heated to the oligomerization temperature and then adds further boron trifluoride until the desired molar ratio of boron trifluoride to the total amount of compounds AI and A2 is in the desired range.
- the boron trifluoride can be introduced in such a way that a complex is produced from boron trifluoride, the compound AI and optionally A2 in a separate reaction vessel and this is then introduced into the reaction vessel.
- the procedure will generally be such that the 1-olefin to be oligomerized, boron trifluoride, the compound AI and the compound A2 and / or the chlorinated hydrocarbon are fed continuously to the reaction zone in the desired proportions and the oligomerization product is removed continuously. All or some of the boron trifluoride can be metered in as a mixture with the compound AI and / or the compound A2. Frequently, BF 3 and the compound AI and possibly the compound A2 are introduced separately, but preferably in spatial proximity to one another, ideally via multi-component nozzles into the reactor.
- the reaction temperature required for the oligomerization is usually in the range from -20 ° C to +60 ° C and preferably in the range from +0 to +40 ° C. In principle, higher temperatures can be used, but are generally not necessary and are disadvantageous with regard to a high viscosity index.
- the reaction takes place at normal pressure or at a slightly elevated pressure, e.g. B. up to 1.5 bar, a BF 3 partial pressure of 1.3 bar, preferably of 1.2 bar, in particular of 1.1 bar and especially of normal pressure (1013 mbar), not being exceeded. Higher pressures, especially higher ones
- BF 3 pressures of> 1.5 bar or even> 2 bar are not required to achieve sufficient conversions and are disadvantageous with regard to the viscosity index of the products obtained in the oligomerization.
- the reaction is stopped by deactivating the boron trifluoride in a manner known per se.
- the deactivation is usually carried out by adding sufficient amounts of a demolition agent.
- the amount of terminating agent is chosen so that the molar ratio of all compounds which form complexes with boron trifluoride exceeds a value of 1.25: 1, in particular a value of 2: 1 and particularly preferably a value of 3: 1.
- Suitable demolition agents are in particular water, methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, sodium fluoride, aqueous ammonia and sodium hydroxide solution. Last but not least, water will be used as a demolition agent for deactivation for cost reasons.
- phase separation into a complex-rich and a BF 3- poor phase occurs during the reaction, it is advisable to first separate the BF 3 -rich phase, which contains comparatively little reaction product, and to recycle it.
- the low-complex phase is then treated with the desired amount of demolition agent.
- the phase rich in BF 3 is separated off in a manner known per se after phase separation with or without aids, such as coalescing filters or coalescing tubes, in phase separation vessels.
- the reaction mixture can be washed with water, for example, in order to remove inorganic compounds and, if appropriate, compounds Al.
- the mixture is then worked up by distillation in order to remove residual amounts of solvent, unreacted 1-01-fine and 1-olefin dimers.
- the residue then contains the desired olefin oligomer. If the viscosity of the residue is too low, the viscosity can be increased by further distilling off trimer. If it is too high, you can add a little trimer distillate. In any case, the bulk of the product, i.e. H. more than 80% and in particular more than 90%, a bottom product and no distillate.
- the oligomerization product obtained as a rule still has ethylenically unsaturated double bonds, which have a disruptive effect when used as the base oil of motor oils.
- the oligomerization product obtained is therefore generally subjected to hydrogenation in order to saturate these double bonds.
- the hydrogenation is usually carried out as catalytic hydrogenation on a transition metal catalyst according to processes known per se, as are also cited in the prior art mentioned at the beginning.
- Suitable hydrogenation catalysts generally comprise at least one transition metal of groups VI, VIII or I, e.g. B. platinum, palladium, nickel, copper, chromium or combinations of these metals.
- the catalytically active species is preferably used as a heterogeneous catalyst, in particular in a supported form.
- the hydrogen partial pressure required for the hydrogenation is generally in the range from 1 to 600 and preferably 5 to 200 bar.
- the hydrogenation temperature is frequently in the range from 30 to 300 ° C. and in particular in the range from 100 to 200 ° C.
- the hydrogenation is generally carried out until the olefinic double bonds are more or less completely saturated.
- the proportion of non-hydrogenated double bonds can be determined in a simple manner via the iodine number or the bromine number (based on DIN 51774).
- the hydrogenation products usually have iodine numbers below 1.0 and in particular below 0.2.
- the inventive measures of adding an aprotic organic compound A2 and / or a chlorinated hydrocarbon to the reaction mixture make it possible to significantly reduce the consumption of boron trifluoride in the oligomerization in comparison with the methods of the prior art.
- the BF 3 consumption is generally less than 2% by weight and in particular less than 1.5% by weight, based on the l-olefins to be oligomerized.
- the sales of 1-olefins achieved are clearly above the sales achieved without the addition of compound A2 and / or chlorinated hydrocarbon.
- the method according to the invention also enables the targeted production of low-viscosity products with viscosities of approximately 4 to 5 mm / sec, that is to say of PA04 and PA05, without the formation of by-products of higher viscosity classes. This is particularly surprising since a targeted production of PA05 has not been described so far. Unlike in the prior art, it is not necessary to obtain these components by distillation from the oligomerization mixture. Surprisingly, the viscosity indices of the oligomers obtained according to the invention are also significantly larger than the viscosity indices of products which are obtained by distillation from oligomerization products.
- the oligomers obtainable by the process according to the invention are therefore new and also a subject of the invention. They generally have viscosities (determined in accordance with DIN 51562-1 to 4 using an Ubbelohde viscometer at 100 ° C.) in the range from 3.5 mm 2 / sec to 8 mm 2 / sec with a viscosity index (determined according to ISO 2909 from the viscosities at 40 ° C and 100 ° C) from> 128 to 140 as a rule (with a viscosity of about 4 mm 2 / sec) and> 135 to 150 (with a viscosity of 5 mm / sec to 8 mm 2 / sec).
- the following examples serve to illustrate the invention.
- the viscosities of the oligomerization products were determined in accordance with DIN 51562-1 to 4 using an Ubbelohde viscometer at the temperature specified in each case.
- the viscosity given is the kinematic viscosity.
- the viscosity index was determined in the usual way from the values of the viscosity at 40 ° C and 100 ° C (according to ISO 2909).
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Abstract
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DE10236927A DE10236927A1 (de) | 2002-08-12 | 2002-08-12 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von synthetischen Kohlenwasserstoffen |
DE10236927 | 2002-08-12 | ||
PCT/EP2003/008903 WO2004022511A1 (de) | 2002-08-12 | 2003-08-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung von synthetischen kohlenwasserstoffen |
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US (1) | US20060025643A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1530554A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003263208A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10236927A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004022511A1 (de) |
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EA020442B1 (ru) * | 2006-02-03 | 2014-11-28 | ДжиАрТи, ИНК. | Способ превращения углеводородного сырья (варианты) и система для его осуществления |
EP2510022B1 (de) * | 2009-12-07 | 2017-02-15 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Herstellung von oligomeren aus nonen |
US10647626B2 (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2020-05-12 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Decene oligomers |
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NL280822A (de) * | 1961-07-11 | |||
US3382291A (en) * | 1965-04-23 | 1968-05-07 | Mobil Oil Corp | Polymerization of olefins with bf3 |
US3763244A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1973-10-02 | Ethyl Corp | Process for producing a c6-c16 normal alpha-olefin oligomer having a pour point below about- f. |
US3780128A (en) * | 1971-11-03 | 1973-12-18 | Ethyl Corp | Synthetic lubricants by oligomerization and hydrogenation |
US3997621A (en) * | 1974-02-04 | 1976-12-14 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Controlled oligomerization of olefins |
US4045508A (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1977-08-30 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Method of making alpha-olefin oligomers |
US4045507A (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1977-08-30 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Method of oligomerizing 1-olefins |
US5284988A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1994-02-08 | Ethyl Corporation | Preparation of synthetic oils from vinylidene olefins and alpha-olefins |
US5498815A (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1996-03-12 | Albemarle Corporation | Preparation of synthetic oils from vinylidene olefins and alpha-olefins |
US5396013A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-03-07 | Albemarle Corporation | Olefin oligomerization process |
US5744676A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 1998-04-28 | Theriot; Kevin J. | Olefin oligomerization process |
-
2002
- 2002-08-12 DE DE10236927A patent/DE10236927A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2003
- 2003-08-11 US US10/524,360 patent/US20060025643A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-11 AU AU2003263208A patent/AU2003263208A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-11 EP EP03793725A patent/EP1530554A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-08-11 WO PCT/EP2003/008903 patent/WO2004022511A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
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DE10236927A1 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
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