EP1528998A1 - Point machine for movable frogs - Google Patents

Point machine for movable frogs

Info

Publication number
EP1528998A1
EP1528998A1 EP03735142A EP03735142A EP1528998A1 EP 1528998 A1 EP1528998 A1 EP 1528998A1 EP 03735142 A EP03735142 A EP 03735142A EP 03735142 A EP03735142 A EP 03735142A EP 1528998 A1 EP1528998 A1 EP 1528998A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
driver
stroke
cylinder
piston unit
point machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03735142A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1528998B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Schnedl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Turnout Technology Zeltweg GmbH
Voestalpine Railway Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine VAE GmbH
Voestalpine Weichensysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine VAE GmbH, Voestalpine Weichensysteme GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine VAE GmbH
Priority to AT03735142T priority Critical patent/ATE335643T1/en
Priority to SI200330521T priority patent/SI1528998T1/en
Publication of EP1528998A1 publication Critical patent/EP1528998A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1528998B1 publication Critical patent/EP1528998B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/04—Fluid-pressure devices for operating points or scotch-blocks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a point machine for movable frogs with at least one cylinder piston unit with a defined preset piston stroke.
  • cylinder-piston units are already provided with a preset cylinder stroke at the factory, so that exact adjustment within a trough threshold as well as adjustment of the actually required adjustment path are required.
  • the invention now aims to provide a turnout drive of the type mentioned, in which prefabricated cylinder-piston units with a defined preset piston stroke can be used, with an exact adjustment of the actually required adjustment path being subsequently guaranteed after installation in the laid turnout.
  • the training according to the invention Extension of the point machine of the type mentioned essentially in that the cylinder-piston unit is connected to bearings that are adjustable in the axial direction of the piston stroke, which is connected to a stationary substructure for setting a defined central position of the piston stroke and the driver for the movable centerpiece and that the driver for the movable heart is coupled to the cylinder piston unit with the interposition of stops adjustable in the axial direction.
  • the cylinder-piston unit is connected to bearings that can be adjusted in the direction of the piston creates the possibility of a cylinder-piston unit configured in the factory with a defined piston stroke, in which the factory-preset stroke must in any case be greater than the actual stroke of the movable switch part or frog so to be arranged in a threshold, in particular in a trough threshold, so that an exact positioning in the sense of a defined central position of the adjustment path of the cylinder-piston unit can be achieved.
  • the adjustable bearings must be adjusted accordingly so that the cylinder piston assembly is oriented overall so that the center position of the movable centerpiece tip or the movable centerpiece corresponds to the center position of the preset stroke of the cylinder piston unit.
  • the fact that the driver for the movable centerpiece is coupled to the cylinder piston unit with the interposition of the stops adjustable in the axial direction creates the possibility of adjusting these adjustable stops to such an extent that the driver is only coupled to the cylinder-piston unit after a correspondingly adjusted idle stroke and thus defines the adjustment movement of the frog.
  • the extent to which the preset piston stroke of the cylinder-piston unit is greater than the adjustment path of the movable heart piece actually required in the installation position is compensated for by adjusting the corresponding idle stroke, so that an overall adjustment of the movable heart piece to the exact required extent and with the required speaking extremely small tolerance of about 0.1 mm between the two system positions is made possible.
  • the design is advantageously made such that the driver has a sliding block and a relative movement of the frog in two intersecting, from the axis of the Adjustment stroke enables different axes.
  • Such a quasi-cardanic suspension allows the relative movement of switch parts under the rolling load to be absorbed without the high-precision drivers and stops or the coupling parts to the cylinder piston unit being overstressed.
  • the exact stroke setting or the exact setting of the idle stroke can be carried out in a particularly simple manner in such a way that the driver is penetrated by a spindle with a different thread direction on both sides of the driver in the direction of the adjusting stroke and interacts with non-rotatably guided nuts with an adjustable idle stroke. Since, as mentioned at the beginning, the cylinder-piston unit was initially set exactly to the center position, with such a spindle the adjustment stroke on both sides of the center can be changed at the same time and thus adjusted overall to the exactly required adjustment path of the centerpiece, with the center position on both sides an identical idle stroke is formed in each case.
  • the pivoting centerpiece in particular near the centerpiece tip, is guided and moved precisely over a circular arc during its pivoting movement, so that due to the linear orientation of the adjustment stroke, a number of additional forces and in particular pivoting forces have to be absorbed without the risk of overloading.
  • the corresponding flexibility in the longitudinal direction of the rail can be ensured in a simple manner using conventional means, such as elongated holes or the like.
  • the driver is arranged pivotably about the axis of the cylinder-piston unit and the sliding block of the driver carries or has a pin or cylinder section which is arranged pivotably about an axis which is essentially normal to the direction of the adjustment stroke ,
  • a structurally particularly simple and in a simple manner also externally operable adjusting device for setting the central position of the cylinder-piston unit in a trough sleeper can, as is a preferred development, be designed so that the adjustable in the axial direction of the piston stroke bearings are designed as fork head, the Fork is rotatably supported and displaceable in the axial direction and is connected via a bearing pin to the hydraulic cylinder piston unit and that a fork head screw is connected to the fork head, which penetrates a stop and carries an adjusting nut, the rotation of which causes an axial displacement of the fork head.
  • a relative displacement to the outside of the trough sleeper can be achieved via the clevis screw by rotating the adjusting nut, the corresponding setting being achieved by actuating adjusting nuts on both sides of the trough sleeper.
  • an adjusting lock cylinder with the functions of shifting, locking and monitoring the locking of the movable switch part with a construction set to a certain stroke in the factory is used, the stroke set in the factory being in any case greater than the stroke of the movable switch part.
  • the actual stroke adaption to the special switch is done by adjusting the idle stroke between the driver on the diverter lock cylinder and the movable switch part, whereby by adjusting the idle stroke, the stroke of the switch part can be changed while the cylinder stroke remains the same and can thus be continuously adjusted. On the left or.
  • the entire locking device is fixed to frame parts of a trough sleeper, the fork heads provided with a spindle interacting with the corresponding adjusting nuts in order to enable the center position to be adjusted.
  • the steps required for the exact setting are therefore that the idle stroke is first set to the maximum stroke on one side, the centerpiece is moved into an end position, which Distance between heart and wing rail is measured and the heart is moved to the other end position while measuring the distance again, after which a center adjustment is made until there is the same distance between the heart and wing rail on both sides. Starting from this center adjustment, the idle stroke is then reduced by the distance, which means that the exact adjustment has been achieved.
  • Fig.l a vertical section through a switch with a switch drive
  • Fig.3 a section along the line III-III of Fig.l and
  • the movable centerpiece is designated 1 and can be moved in contact with the wing rails 2 and 3. All components of the changeover, locking and testing devices are arranged below the track level in a trough sleeper 4.
  • the changeover device 5 is formed by a cylinder-piston unit and is articulated by means of a bearing 6 on the stationary trough sleeper. As will be explained in the following, the bearings 6 are designed in such a way that the redistribution device 5 can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the threshold in accordance with the double arrow 7 in order to adjust the central position of the cylinder piston unit.
  • the changeover device 5 is coupled to a driver part 8, which forwards the changeover movement to the movable heart 1.
  • the entrainment takes place here via adjustable stops 9, which interact with a sliding block 10, which in turn is connected to the base plate 11 of the movable core 1.
  • a sliding block 10 which in turn is connected to the base plate 11 of the movable core 1.
  • Fig.2 the individual coupling and driver parts are now shown enlarged.
  • the driver 8 which is pivotally supported on the cylinder piston unit, is formed by two sleeves 34 surrounding the cylinder piston unit 5 with extensions 12, which are penetrated by a spindle 13, the position of the spindle 13 relative to the extensions 12 of the driver 8 using the is fixed by the larger-diameter area 14 of the spindle 13 formed stop shoulders.
  • the area 14 of the spindle 13 which is formed with an enlarged diameter furthermore has two threaded sections 15 and 16 which have opposite thread directions.
  • a rotation of the spindle now leads to the fact that the non-rotating stop parts 9 mounted on the threaded areas 15 and 16 are moved away from or towards one another in the manner of a driving nut according to the double arrow 17.
  • the driver part now further comprises a sliding block 10, which is penetrated by the spindle 13 and is slidably mounted thereon between the stops 9.
  • the sliding block 10 also has an inner part 18 with a cylinder section with the cylinder axis 19, so that the cylinder part 18 can be pivoted about the axis of rotation 19 relative to the outer part 20 of the sliding block 10 and thus relative to the driver 8.
  • the cylinder part 18 engages in a driver bracket 21, which in turn is welded to the base plate 11 of the movable frog 1, so that overall a compensating movement during the swiveling movement of the frog 1 relative to the changeover device 5 is made possible.
  • the sliding block 10 can be moved in the bow-shaped driver part 21 in accordance with the double arrow 22, so that longitudinal displacements of the movable centerpiece 1, which are caused, for example, by thermal expansions cannot be passed on to the changeover mechanism.
  • the stops 9, ie the driver nut are supported on the sleeves 34 of the drivers in a rotationally fixed manner. As a result, the stops 9 are prevented from rotating relative to the spindle rotation and the axial displacement of the stops 9 is ensured.
  • the driver 8 will be positioned relative to the axis 23 about the central angle o., So that no forces are introduced into the cylinder piston unit from these movements ,
  • the bearing 6 is provided with a fork head 25, the fork of which is non-rotatably supported and displaceable in the direction of the axis 23 of the cylinder piston unit 5 and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder piston unit 5 via a bearing pin 26.
  • the rotational position of the fork head 5 is fixed here in that the fork head 25 is supported on a web 27 extending from the trough sleeper side wall.
  • the clevis 25 is connected to a clevis screw 28 which carries an adjusting nut 29.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Die Bonding (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a point machine for movable frogs (1) comprising at least one cylinder-piston unit (5) having a defined, pre-set piston stroke. Said cylinder-piston unit (5) is connected to bearings (6), which can be displaced in the axial direction of the piston stroke, and is connected to a fixed substructure for setting a defined central position of the piston stroke and of the driver for the moveable frog (1). The driver for the moveable frog (1) is coupled to the cylinder-piston unit (5) while interconnecting stops (9) that can be displaced in an axial direction.

Description

Weichenantrieb für bewegliche HerzePoint machine for moving hearts
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Weichenantrieb für be- wegliche Herzstücke mit wenigstens einem Zylinderkolbenaggregat mit definiertem voreingestellten Kolbenhub.The invention relates to a point machine for movable frogs with at least one cylinder piston unit with a defined preset piston stroke.
Bei Weichenantrieben für bewegliche Herzstücke ist es erforderlich, die Versteilvorrichtung bzw. den Weichenantrieb dem exakten Verstellweg des beweglichen Herzstückes anzupassen. Die beiden Positionen bzw. Endlagen der Verstellung eines Herzstückes müssen jeweils eine exakte Anlage an die Flügelschiene gewährleisten und die Einstellung muss naturgemäß so erfolgen, dass in keiner diese Anlagepositionen der Weichenantrieb über- beansprucht werden kann. Bedingt durch Fertigungstoleranzen sowie den Verschleiß von Herzstück und Flügelschiene muss der Hub des Antriebsystems auf den exakten tatsächlich erforderlichen Verstellweg des Herzstückes zwischen rechter und linker Anlage eingestellt werden können. Eine derartige korrekte Einstellung des Hubes muss auch vor Ort in der verlegten Weiche möglich sein.In turnout drives for movable frogs, it is necessary to adapt the adjusting device or the turnout drive to the exact adjustment path of the movable frog. The two positions or end positions of the adjustment of a centerpiece must each ensure an exact contact with the wing rail and the setting must of course be carried out in such a way that the switch drive cannot be overloaded in any of these contact positions. Due to manufacturing tolerances and the wear of the centerpiece and wing rail, the stroke of the drive system must be able to be set to the exact actually required adjustment path of the centerpiece between the right and left system. Such a correct setting of the stroke must also be possible on site in the switch.
Insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Trogschwellen und bei zunehmendem Maß an Vorfertigung von hydraulischen Weichenantrie- ben werden Zylinderkolbenaggregate werkseitig bereits mit einem voreingestellten Zylinderhub versehen, sodass in der Folge eine exakte Justierung innerhalb einer Trogschwelle ebenso wie die Einstellung des tatsächlich erforderlichen Verstellweges gefordert wird.Especially when using trough sleepers and with an increasing degree of prefabrication of hydraulic point machines, cylinder-piston units are already provided with a preset cylinder stroke at the factory, so that exact adjustment within a trough threshold as well as adjustment of the actually required adjustment path are required.
Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, einen Weichenantrieb der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei welchem vorgefertigte Zylinderkolbenaggregate mit definiertem voreingestellten Kolbenhub zum Einsatz gelangen können, wobei nach einem Einbau in die verlegte Weiche nachträglich auch noch eine exakte Justierung des tatsächlich erforderlichen Verstellweges gewährleistet ist . Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht die erfindungsgemäße Ausbil- dung des Weichenantriebes der eingangs genannten Art im wesentlichen darin, dass das Zylinderkolbenaggregat mit in Achsrichtung des Kolbenhubes verstellbaren Lagern verbunden ist, welche mit einer ortsfesten Unterkonstruktion zur Einstellung einer definierten Mittellage des Kolbenhubes und des Mitnehmers für das bewegliche Herzstück verbunden ist und dass der Mitnehmer für das bewegliche Herzstück unter Zwischenschaltung von in Achsrichtung verstellbaren Anschlägen mit dem Zylinderkolbenaggregat gekoppelt ist. Dadurch, dass das Zylinderkolbenaggregat mit in Richtung des Kolbens verstellbaren Lagern verbunden ist, wird die Möglichkeit geschaffen, ein werkseitig mit einem definierten Kolbenhub ausgebildetes Zylinderkolbenaggregat, bei welchem der werkseitig voreingestellte Hub jedenfalls größer sein muss als der tatsächliche Hub des beweglichen Weichenteiles bzw. Herzstückes so in einer Schwelle, insbesondere in einer Trogschwelle anzuordnen, dass eine exakte Positionierung im Sinne einer definierten Mittellage des Verstellweges des Zylinderkolbenaggregates gelingt. Zu diesem Zweck müssen die verstellbaren Lager entsprechend verstellt werden, sodass das Zy- linderkolbenaggregat insgesamt so orientiert ist, dass die Mittenposition der beweglichen Herzstückspitze bzw. des beweglichen Herzstückes mit der Mittenstellung des voreingestellten Hubes des Zylinderkolbenaggregates übereinstimmt. Ausgehend von einer derartigen Grund ustierung der Mittenlage wird nun da- durch, dass der Mitnehmer für das bewegliche Herzstück unter Zwischenschaltung von den in Achsrichtung verstellbaren Anschlägen mit dem Zylinderkolbenaggregat gekoppelt ist, die Möglichkeit geschaffen, diese verstellbaren Anschläge so weit zu verstellen, dass der Mitnehmer jeweils erst nach einem ent- sprechend justierten Leerhub mit dem Zylinderkolbenaggregat gekoppelt wird und somit die Verstellbewegung des Herzstückes definiert. Das Ausmaß, in welchem der voreingestellte Kolbenhub des Zylinderkolbenaggregates größer ist als der tatsächlich in der Einbaulage geforderte Verstellweg des beweglichen Herz- Stückes wird durch Einstellung des entsprechenden Leerhubes kompensiert, sodass insgesamt eine Verstellung des beweglichen Herzstückes in dem exakten gefordeten Ausmaß und mit der ent- sprechend überaus geringen Toleranz von etwa 0,1 mm zwischen den beiden Anlagepositionen ermöglicht wird.The invention now aims to provide a turnout drive of the type mentioned, in which prefabricated cylinder-piston units with a defined preset piston stroke can be used, with an exact adjustment of the actually required adjustment path being subsequently guaranteed after installation in the laid turnout. To achieve this object, the training according to the invention Extension of the point machine of the type mentioned essentially in that the cylinder-piston unit is connected to bearings that are adjustable in the axial direction of the piston stroke, which is connected to a stationary substructure for setting a defined central position of the piston stroke and the driver for the movable centerpiece and that the driver for the movable heart is coupled to the cylinder piston unit with the interposition of stops adjustable in the axial direction. The fact that the cylinder-piston unit is connected to bearings that can be adjusted in the direction of the piston creates the possibility of a cylinder-piston unit configured in the factory with a defined piston stroke, in which the factory-preset stroke must in any case be greater than the actual stroke of the movable switch part or frog so to be arranged in a threshold, in particular in a trough threshold, so that an exact positioning in the sense of a defined central position of the adjustment path of the cylinder-piston unit can be achieved. For this purpose, the adjustable bearings must be adjusted accordingly so that the cylinder piston assembly is oriented overall so that the center position of the movable centerpiece tip or the movable centerpiece corresponds to the center position of the preset stroke of the cylinder piston unit. On the basis of such a basic configuration of the central position, the fact that the driver for the movable centerpiece is coupled to the cylinder piston unit with the interposition of the stops adjustable in the axial direction creates the possibility of adjusting these adjustable stops to such an extent that the driver is only coupled to the cylinder-piston unit after a correspondingly adjusted idle stroke and thus defines the adjustment movement of the frog. The extent to which the preset piston stroke of the cylinder-piston unit is greater than the adjustment path of the movable heart piece actually required in the installation position is compensated for by adjusting the corresponding idle stroke, so that an overall adjustment of the movable heart piece to the exact required extent and with the required speaking extremely small tolerance of about 0.1 mm between the two system positions is made possible.
Um eine derart hochpräzise Einstellung ohne Gefahr eines vor- zeitigen Verschleißes der Verstellorgane, des Mitnehmers oder der Zylinderkolbenaggregate sicherzustellen, ist mit Vorteil die Ausbildung so getroffen, dass der Mitnehmer einen Gleitstein aufweist und eine Relativbewegung des Herzstückes in zwei einander kreuzenden, von der Achse des Verstellhubes verschie- denen Achsen ermöglicht. Eine derartige quasi kardanische Aufhängung erlaubt es, Relativbewegung von Weichenteilen unter der rollenden Last entsprechend aufzunehmen, ohne dass die hochpräzis ausgerichtete Mitnehmer und Anschläge bzw. die Koppelteile zum Zylinderkolbenaggregat überbeansprucht werden.In order to ensure such a high-precision setting without the risk of premature wear of the adjusting members, the driver or the cylinder piston units, the design is advantageously made such that the driver has a sliding block and a relative movement of the frog in two intersecting, from the axis of the Adjustment stroke enables different axes. Such a quasi-cardanic suspension allows the relative movement of switch parts under the rolling load to be absorbed without the high-precision drivers and stops or the coupling parts to the cylinder piston unit being overstressed.
Die exakte Hubeinstellung bzw. die exakte Einstellung des Leerhubes kann in besonders einfacher Weise so erfolgen, dass der Mitnehmer von einer Spindel mit zu beiden Seiten des Mitnehmers verschiedener Gewinderichtung in Richtung des Verstellhubes durchsetzt ist und mit drehfest geführten Muttern mit einem einstellbaren Leerhub zusammenwirkt. Da ja, wie eingangs erwähnt, das Zylinderkolbenaggregat zunächst exakt auf Mittenlage eingestellt wurde, kann mit einer derartigen Spindel gleichzeitig der Verstellhub zu beiden Seiten der Mitte verändert werde und somit insgesamt auf den exakt geforderten Verstellweg des Herzstückes eingestellt werden, wobei zu beiden Seiten der Mittenlage jeweils ein identischer Leerhub ausgebildet ist.The exact stroke setting or the exact setting of the idle stroke can be carried out in a particularly simple manner in such a way that the driver is penetrated by a spindle with a different thread direction on both sides of the driver in the direction of the adjusting stroke and interacts with non-rotatably guided nuts with an adjustable idle stroke. Since, as mentioned at the beginning, the cylinder-piston unit was initially set exactly to the center position, with such a spindle the adjustment stroke on both sides of the center can be changed at the same time and thus adjusted overall to the exactly required adjustment path of the centerpiece, with the center position on both sides an identical idle stroke is formed in each case.
Das bewegliche Herzstück wird insbesondere nahe der Herzstück- spitze bei seiner Schwenkbewegung genau genommen über einen Kreisbogen geführt und bewegt, sodass bedingt durch die lineare Orientierung des Verstellhubes eine Reihe von zusätzlichen Kräften und insbesondere Schwenkkräften ohne Gefahr einer Überlastung aufgenommen werden müssen. Die entsprechende Nachgie- bigkeit in Schienenlängsrichtung kann in einfacher Weise mit konventionellen Mitteln, wie beispielsweise Langlöchern oder dergleichen gewährleistet werden. Um jedoch ein relatives Ver- schwenken des Herzstückes und insbesondere der Herzstück-spitze gegenüber dem Mitnehmer und insbesondere dem Gleitstein des Mitnehmers sicherzustellen, und eine Aufnahme von Vertikalbewegungen bei Überfahren der Weiche unter rollender Last, bzw. bei Umstellung der Herzspitze im Zusammenwirken mit einer Rolleinrichtung, zu vermeiden, ist die Ausbildung mit Vorteil so getroffen, dass der Mitnehmer um die Achse des Zylinderkolbenaggregates schwenkbar angeordnet ist und der Gleitstein des Mitnehmers einen Zapfen- oder Zylinderabschnitt trägt bzw. auf- weist, welcher um eine auf die Richtung des Verstellhubes im wesentlichen normal verlaufenden Achse schwenkbar angeordnet ist.The pivoting centerpiece, in particular near the centerpiece tip, is guided and moved precisely over a circular arc during its pivoting movement, so that due to the linear orientation of the adjustment stroke, a number of additional forces and in particular pivoting forces have to be absorbed without the risk of overloading. The corresponding flexibility in the longitudinal direction of the rail can be ensured in a simple manner using conventional means, such as elongated holes or the like. However, in order to ensure that the centerpiece and in particular the centerpiece tip can be swiveled with respect to the driver and in particular the sliding block of the driver, and to avoid vertical movements when the switch is passed under a rolling load or when changing the center of the heart in cooperation with a roller device Formed with advantage such that the driver is arranged pivotably about the axis of the cylinder-piston unit and the sliding block of the driver carries or has a pin or cylinder section which is arranged pivotably about an axis which is essentially normal to the direction of the adjustment stroke ,
Eine konstruktiv besonders einfache und in einfacher Weise auch von außen betätigbare Einsteilvorrichtung für die Einstellung der Mittenlage des Zylinderkolbenaggregates in einer Trogschwelle kann, wie es einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung entspricht, so ausgebildet sein, dass die in Achsrichtung des Kolbenhubes verstellbaren Lager als Gabelkopf ausgebildet sind, dessen Gabel drehfest und in Achsrichtung verschiebbar abgestützt ist und über einen Lagerzapfen mit dem hydraulischen Zylinderkolbenaggregat verbunden ist und dass mit dem Gabelkopf eine Gabelkopfschraube verbunden ist, welche einen Anschlag durchsetzt und eine Stellmutter trägt, deren Verdrehung eine axiale Verschiebung des Gabelkopfes bewirkt. Über die Gabelkopfschraube kann durch jeweiliges Verdrehen der Stellmutter eine Relativverschiebung zur Außenseite der Trogschwelle erzielt werden, wobei die entsprechende Einstellung durch Betätigung von Stellmuttern zu beiden Seiten der Trogschwelle erzielt wird. Um ein besonders einfaches Einlegen des vorgefertigten und vor- eingestellten Zylinderkolbenaggregates in eine derartige Trogschwelle zu ermöglichen und gleichzeitig sicherzustellen, dass nach dem Einlegen die entsprechenden Verdrehsicherungen wirksam werden, welche für eine axiale Verstellung und damit für eine exakte Positionierung des Mittenhubes erforderlich ist, ist die Ausbildung mit Vorteil so getroffen, dass der Anschlag als nach oben offener Schlitz einer sich quer zur Schwellenlängsrichtung erstreckenden Wand einer Trogschwelle oder eines orts festen Teiles einer Weiche ausgebildet ist .A structurally particularly simple and in a simple manner also externally operable adjusting device for setting the central position of the cylinder-piston unit in a trough sleeper can, as is a preferred development, be designed so that the adjustable in the axial direction of the piston stroke bearings are designed as fork head, the Fork is rotatably supported and displaceable in the axial direction and is connected via a bearing pin to the hydraulic cylinder piston unit and that a fork head screw is connected to the fork head, which penetrates a stop and carries an adjusting nut, the rotation of which causes an axial displacement of the fork head. A relative displacement to the outside of the trough sleeper can be achieved via the clevis screw by rotating the adjusting nut, the corresponding setting being achieved by actuating adjusting nuts on both sides of the trough sleeper. In order to enable the prefabricated and preset cylinder-piston unit to be inserted particularly easily into such a trough sleeper and at the same time to ensure that after insertion the corresponding anti-rotation locks which are necessary for axial adjustment and thus for exact positioning of the center stroke are effective Training taken with advantage so that the stop as an upwardly open slot one transverse to the longitudinal direction of the threshold extending wall of a trough sleeper or a fixed part of a switch is formed.
Ingesamt gelangt somit ein Stellverschlusszylinder mit den Funktionen Verschieben, Verriegeln und Überwachen der Verriegelung des beweglichen Weichenteiles mit werkseitig auf einen bestimmten Hub eingestellter Bauart zum Einsatz , wobei der werkseitig eingestellte Hub j edenfalls größer ist als der Hub des beweglichen Weichenteiles . Die eigentliche Hubanpassung an die spezielle Weiche erfolgt durch Vers tellung des Leerhubes zwischen dem Mitnehmer am Umstellverschlusszylinder und dem beweglichen Weichenteil , wobei durch Verstellen des Leerhubes der Hüb des Weichenteiles bei gleichbleibendem Zylinderhub verändert und damit stufenlos angepasst werden kann . Am Links- bzw . Rechtsgewinde in Mittenbereich der symmetrischen ' Spindelstange des Spindeltriebes sitzen j eweils zwei Mitnehmermuttern, die formschlüssig aber gleitend am Gehäuse des Mitnehmers geführt sind, wobei die Spindelstange selbst durch einen Gleitstein hindurchgeführt ist . Um nun nach Durchlaufen des Leerhubes einen entsprechend gedämpften Anschlag sicherzustellen, können die Muttern unter Zwischenschaltung einer Tellerfeder mit dem Gleitstein bzw. Gleitsteinträger des Mitnehmerteiles zusammenwirken, wobei der Gleitstein selbst wiederum mit den unmittelbar mit dem beweglichen Herzstück verbundenen Bauteilen zusammenwirkt . Der Gleitstein, welcher selbst Teil des Mitnehmers ist , nimmt somit diej enigen Bauteile auf , welche die Übertragung des Verschiebeweges auf das Herzstück gewährleisten sollen, wobei diese in den Gleitstein eintauchenden Teile wiederum im Gleitstein schwenkbar eingreifen, um eine entsprechende Überlastung zu verhindern .Overall, an adjusting lock cylinder with the functions of shifting, locking and monitoring the locking of the movable switch part with a construction set to a certain stroke in the factory is used, the stroke set in the factory being in any case greater than the stroke of the movable switch part. The actual stroke adaption to the special switch is done by adjusting the idle stroke between the driver on the diverter lock cylinder and the movable switch part, whereby by adjusting the idle stroke, the stroke of the switch part can be changed while the cylinder stroke remains the same and can thus be continuously adjusted. On the left or. Right-hand threads in the center area of the symmetrical ' spindle rod of the spindle drive each have two drive nuts, which are positively but slidably guided on the housing of the driver, the spindle rod itself being passed through a sliding block. In order to ensure a correspondingly damped stop after passing through the idle stroke, the nuts can interact with the sliding block or sliding block carrier of the driving part with the interposition of a plate spring, the sliding block itself in turn interacting with the components directly connected to the movable core. The sliding block, which is itself part of the driver, thus receives those components which are intended to ensure the transmission of the displacement path to the centerpiece, these parts immersed in the sliding block in turn pivotably engaging in the sliding block in order to prevent a corresponding overload.
Die gesamte Verschlusseinrichtung wird an Rahmenteilen einer Trogschwelle festgelegt, wobei die mit einer Spindel versehenen Gabelköpfe mit den entsprechenden Stellmuttern zusammenwirken, um die Justierung der Mittenlage zu ermöglichen. Die für die exakte Einstellung erforderlichen Schritte bestehen somit darin, dass zunächst der Leerhub einseitig auf maximalen Hub eingestellt wird, das Herzstück in eine Endlage verstellt wird, der Abstand zwischen Herz und Flügelschiene gemessen wird und das Herzstück in die andere Endlage unter neuerlichem Messen des Ab- standes verstellt wird, worauf eine Mittenjustierung vorgenommen wird bis beidseitig derselbe Abstand zwischen Herz und Flügel- schiene besteht. Ausgehend von dieser MittenJustierung wird in der Folge der Leerhub um das Abstandsmaß verringert, womit die exakte Einjustierung erreicht wurde.The entire locking device is fixed to frame parts of a trough sleeper, the fork heads provided with a spindle interacting with the corresponding adjusting nuts in order to enable the center position to be adjusted. The steps required for the exact setting are therefore that the idle stroke is first set to the maximum stroke on one side, the centerpiece is moved into an end position, which Distance between heart and wing rail is measured and the heart is moved to the other end position while measuring the distance again, after which a center adjustment is made until there is the same distance between the heart and wing rail on both sides. Starting from this center adjustment, the idle stroke is then reduced by the distance, which means that the exact adjustment has been achieved.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. In dieser zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing. In this show
Fig.l, einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine Weiche mit einem Weichenantrieb,Fig.l, a vertical section through a switch with a switch drive,
Fig.2, eine Detailansicht des Weichenantriebes und des Mitneh- ers für das bewegliche Herzstück,2, a detailed view of the point machine and the driver for the movable heart,
Fig.3, einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie III-III der Fig.l undFig.3, a section along the line III-III of Fig.l and
Fig.4, eine Detailansicht der verstellbaren Lager für dieFig.4, a detailed view of the adjustable bearings for the
Lagerung des Zylinderkolbenaggregates in der Trogschwelle.Bearing of the cylinder piston unit in the trough sleeper.
In Fig.l ist das bewegliche Herzstück mit 1 bezeichnet und in Anlage an die Flügelschienen 2 bzw. 3 verschiebbar. Sämtliche Bestandteile der Umstell-, Verschluss- und Prüfereinrichtungen sind unterhalb der Gleisebene in einer Trogschwelle 4 angeordnet. Die UmStelleinrichtung 5 ist hierbei von einem Zylinder- kolbenaggregat gebildet und ist mittels Lager 6 an der ortsfesten Trogschwelle angelenkt. Wie nachfolgend noch erläutert werden wird, sind die Lager 6 derart beschaffen, dass eine Justierung der UmsteilVorrichtung 5 in Schwellenlängsrichtung gemäß dem Doppelpfeil 7 zur Einstellung der Mittenlage des Zy- linderkolbenaggregates vorgenommen werden kann. Die Umstell- vorrichtung 5 ist mit einem Mitnehmerteil 8 gekoppelt, welcher die Umstellbewegung an das bewegliche Herzstück 1 weitergibt. Die Mitnahme erfolgt hierbei über verstellbare Anschläge 9, welche mit einem Gleitstein 10 zusammenwirken, welcher wiederum mit der Grundplatte 11 des beweglichen Herzstückes 1 verbunden ist. Durch Einstellung eines Leerhubes zwischen den Anschlägen 9 und dem Gleitstein 10 kann der effektive Hub des beweglichen Herzstückes 1 exakt eingestellt werden.In Fig.l the movable centerpiece is designated 1 and can be moved in contact with the wing rails 2 and 3. All components of the changeover, locking and testing devices are arranged below the track level in a trough sleeper 4. The changeover device 5 is formed by a cylinder-piston unit and is articulated by means of a bearing 6 on the stationary trough sleeper. As will be explained in the following, the bearings 6 are designed in such a way that the redistribution device 5 can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the threshold in accordance with the double arrow 7 in order to adjust the central position of the cylinder piston unit. The changeover device 5 is coupled to a driver part 8, which forwards the changeover movement to the movable heart 1. The entrainment takes place here via adjustable stops 9, which interact with a sliding block 10, which in turn is connected to the base plate 11 of the movable core 1. By setting an idle stroke between the stops 9 and the sliding block 10, the effective stroke of the movable heart 1 can be set exactly.
In Fig.2 sind nun die einzelnen Kupplungs- und Mitnehmerteile vergrößert dargestellt. Es ist ersichtlich, dass der am Zylinderkolbenaggregat schwenkbar abgestützte Mitnehmer 8 von zwei das Zylinderkolbenaggregat 5 umgebenden Hülsen 34 mit Fortsätzen 12 gebildet wird, welche von einer Spindel 13 durchsetzt werden, wobei die Position der Spindel 13 relativ zu den Fortsätzen 12 des Mitnehmers 8 mittels der von dem mit größerem Durchmesser ausgebildeten Bereich 14 der Spindel 13 ausgebildeten Anschlagsschultern fixiert ist. Der mit vergrößertem Durchmesser ausgebildete Bereich 14 der Spindel 13 weist weiters zwei Gewindeabschnitte 15 und 16 auf, welche zueinander entgegen- gesetzte Gewinderichtungen aufweisen. Eine Verdrehung der Spindel führt nun dazu, dass die auf den Gewindebereichen 15 und 16 gelagerten verdrehgesicherten Anschlagteile 9 in der Art einer Mitnehmermutter gemäß dem Doppelpfeil 17 voneinander weg oder zueinander bewegt werden. Der Mitnehmerteil umfasst nun weiters einen Gleitstein 10, welcher von der Spindel 13 durchsetzt wird und auf dieser zwischen den Anschlägen 9 gleitend bewegbar gelagert ist. Durch Verstellung der Anschläge 9 entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 17 kann nun der Leerhub a zwischen den Anschlägen 9 und dem Gleitstein 10 eingestellt werden, um den Umstellhub des Zylinderkolbenaggregates 5 auf den jeweils erforderlichen Verstellhub des beweglichen Herzstückes 1 zu reduzieren.In Fig.2 the individual coupling and driver parts are now shown enlarged. It can be seen that the driver 8, which is pivotally supported on the cylinder piston unit, is formed by two sleeves 34 surrounding the cylinder piston unit 5 with extensions 12, which are penetrated by a spindle 13, the position of the spindle 13 relative to the extensions 12 of the driver 8 using the is fixed by the larger-diameter area 14 of the spindle 13 formed stop shoulders. The area 14 of the spindle 13 which is formed with an enlarged diameter furthermore has two threaded sections 15 and 16 which have opposite thread directions. A rotation of the spindle now leads to the fact that the non-rotating stop parts 9 mounted on the threaded areas 15 and 16 are moved away from or towards one another in the manner of a driving nut according to the double arrow 17. The driver part now further comprises a sliding block 10, which is penetrated by the spindle 13 and is slidably mounted thereon between the stops 9. By adjusting the stops 9 in accordance with the double arrow 17, the idle stroke a between the stops 9 and the sliding block 10 can now be set in order to reduce the changeover stroke of the cylinder-piston unit 5 to the respectively required adjustment stroke of the movable core 1.
Der Gleitstein 10 weist weiters einen inneren Teil 18 mit einem Zylinderabschnitt mit der Zylinderachse 19 auf, sodass eine Ver- Schwenkung des Zylinderteiles 18 um die Drehachse 19 relativ zum äußeren Teil 20 des Gleitsteines 10 und damit relativ zum Mitnehmer 8 erfolgen kann. Der Zylinderteil 18 greift in einen Mitnehmerbügel 21 ein, der wiederum mit der Grundplatte 11 des beweglichen Herzstückes 1 verschweißt ist, sodass insgesamt eine Ausgleichsbewegung während der bei der Umstellbewegung des Herzstückes 1 notwendigen Verschwenkung des Herzstückes 1 relativ zur Umstellvorrichtung 5 ermöglicht wird. In der Seitenansicht gemäß Fig.3 ist die bügelartige Form des Mitnehmerteiles 21 ersichtlich, wobei erkennbar ist, dass der Gleitstein 10 entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 22 gleitend in den bügeiförmigen Mitnahmeteil 21 bewegbar ist, sodass Längsverschiebungen des beweglichen Herzstückes 1, welche beispielsweise durch thermische Ausdehnungen verursacht werden können, nicht an den Umstellmechanismus weitergegeben werden. Weiters ist ersichtlich, dass die Anschläge 9, d.h. die Mitnehmermutter, an den Hülsen 34 der Mitnehmer drehfest abgestützt sind. Dadurch wird eine Verdrehsicherung der Anschläge 9 relativ zur Spindel- verdrehung erreicht und die axiale Verschiebung der Anschläge 9 sichergestellt. Je nach Auf- und Abbewegung entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 24 und der Verschiebung in Schienenlängsrichtung entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 22 des beweglichen Herzstückes wird sich eine Positionierung des Mitnehmers 8 zur Achse 23 um den Zentriwinkel o. einstellen, sodass keine Kräfte in das Zylinderkolbenaggregat aus diesen Bewegungen eingeleitet werden.The sliding block 10 also has an inner part 18 with a cylinder section with the cylinder axis 19, so that the cylinder part 18 can be pivoted about the axis of rotation 19 relative to the outer part 20 of the sliding block 10 and thus relative to the driver 8. The cylinder part 18 engages in a driver bracket 21, which in turn is welded to the base plate 11 of the movable frog 1, so that overall a compensating movement during the swiveling movement of the frog 1 relative to the changeover device 5 is made possible. The side view according to FIG. 3 shows the bow-like shape of the driver part 21, it being recognizable that the sliding block 10 can be moved in the bow-shaped driver part 21 in accordance with the double arrow 22, so that longitudinal displacements of the movable centerpiece 1, which are caused, for example, by thermal expansions cannot be passed on to the changeover mechanism. Furthermore, it can be seen that the stops 9, ie the driver nut, are supported on the sleeves 34 of the drivers in a rotationally fixed manner. As a result, the stops 9 are prevented from rotating relative to the spindle rotation and the axial displacement of the stops 9 is ensured. Depending on the up and down movement in accordance with the double arrow 24 and the displacement in the longitudinal direction of the rail in accordance with the double arrow 22 of the movable core, the driver 8 will be positioned relative to the axis 23 about the central angle o., So that no forces are introduced into the cylinder piston unit from these movements ,
In Fig.4 ist nun die Lagerung des Zylinderkolbenaggregates 5 an der Trogschwelle 4 näher dargestellt. Das Lager 6 ist hierbei mit einem Gabelkopf 25 versehen, dessen Gabel drehfest und in Richtung der Achse 23 des Zylinderkolbenaggregates 5 verschiebbar abgestützt und über einen Lagerzapfen 26 mit dem hydraul- ischen Zylinderkolbenaggregat 5 verbunden ist. Die Fixierung der Drehlage des Gabelkopfes 5 erfolgt hierbei dadurch, dass der Gabelkopf 25 an einem von der Trogschwellenseitenwand ausgehenden Steg 27 abgestützt ist. Der Gabelkopf 25 ist mit einer Gabelkopfschraube 28 verbunden, welche eine Stellmutter 29 trägt. Die Verdrehung der Stellmutter 29, deren axiale Lage mittels des mit der Trogschwelle 4 starr verbundenen Anschlages 30 fixiert ist, bewirkt eine axiale Verschiebung des Gabelkopfes 25 entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 31. Mit Hilfe des Überwurfteiles 32 und der Mutter 33 wird die eingestellte axiale Lage des Gabelkopfes fixiert. Durch diese axiale Verschiebung des Gabelkopfes und damit des Zylinderkolbenaggregates, welche naturgemäß auf beiden Seiten des Zylinderkolbenaggregates in beiden ver- stellbaren Lagern 6 erfolgen muss, kann die Mittellage des Kolbenhubes exakt eingestellt werden. 4 shows the mounting of the cylinder-piston unit 5 on the trough sleeper 4. The bearing 6 is provided with a fork head 25, the fork of which is non-rotatably supported and displaceable in the direction of the axis 23 of the cylinder piston unit 5 and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder piston unit 5 via a bearing pin 26. The rotational position of the fork head 5 is fixed here in that the fork head 25 is supported on a web 27 extending from the trough sleeper side wall. The clevis 25 is connected to a clevis screw 28 which carries an adjusting nut 29. The rotation of the adjusting nut 29, the axial position of which is fixed by means of the stop 30 rigidly connected to the trough sleeper 4, brings about an axial displacement of the fork head 25 in accordance with the double arrow 31. With the aid of the coupling part 32 and the nut 33, the set axial position of the fork head becomes fixed. As a result of this axial displacement of the fork head and thus of the cylinder piston unit, which of course on both sides of the cylinder piston unit adjustable bearings 6 must take place, the center position of the piston stroke can be set exactly.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Weichenantrieb für bewegliche Herzstücke mit wenigstens einem Zylinderkolbenaggregat mit definiertem, voreingestellten Kolben- hub, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zylinderkolbenaggregat (5) mit in Achsrichtung (31) des Kolbenhubes verstellbaren Lagern1. Point machine for movable frogs with at least one cylinder piston unit with a defined, preset piston stroke, characterized in that the cylinder piston unit (5) with bearings adjustable in the axial direction (31) of the piston stroke
(6) verbunden ist, welche mit einer ortsfesten Unterkonstruktion zur Einstellung einer definierten Mittellage des Kolbenhubes und des Mitnehmers für das bewegliche Herzstück (1) verbunden ist und dass der Mitnehmer für das bewegliche Herzstück (1) unter(6), which is connected to a stationary substructure for setting a defined central position of the piston stroke and the driver for the movable heart (1) and that the driver for the movable heart (1) below
Zwischenschaltung von in Achsrichtung verstellbaren AnschlägenInterposition of stops adjustable in the axial direction
(9) mit dem Zylinderkolbenaggregat (5) gekoppelt ist.(9) is coupled to the cylinder piston unit (5).
2. Weichenantrieb nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mitnehmer einen Gleitstein (10) aufweist und eine Relativbewegung des Herzstückes (1) in zwei einander kreuzenden, von der Achse des Verstellhubes verschiedenen Achsen ermöglicht.2. Point machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the driver has a sliding block (10) and enables a relative movement of the frog (1) in two crossing axes different from the axis of the adjustment stroke.
3. Weichenantrieb nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass der Mitnehmer von einer Spindel (13) mit zu beiden Seiten des Mitnehmers verschiedener Gewinderichtung in Richtung des Verstellhubes durchsetzt ist und mit drehfest geführten Muttern (9) mit einem einstellbaren Leerhub zusammenwirkt.3. Point machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driver is interspersed by a spindle (13) with different thread direction on both sides of the driver in the direction of the adjustment stroke and interacts with non-rotatably guided nuts (9) with an adjustable idle stroke ,
4. Weichenantrieb nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Mitnehmer um die Achse des Zylinderkolbenaggregates (5) schwenkbar angeordnet ist und der Gleitstein (10) des Mitnehmers einen Zapfen- oder Zylinderabschnitt (18) trägt bzw. aufweist, welcher um eine auf die Richtung des Ver- stellhubes im wesentlichen normal verlaufenden Achse (19) schwenkbar ' angeordnet ist.4. Point machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the driver is arranged pivotably about the axis of the cylinder-piston unit (5) and the sliding block (10) of the driver carries or has a pin or cylinder section (18) which is arranged to be pivotable about an axis (19) which is essentially normal to the direction of the adjustment stroke.
5. Weichenantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Achsrichtung (31) des Kolbenhubes ver- stellbaren Lager (6) als Gabelkopf (25) ausgebildet sind, dessen Gabel drehfest und in Achsrichtung (31) verschiebbar abgestützt ist und über einen Lagerzapfen (26) mit dem hydraulischen Zy- linder olbenaggregat (5) verbunden ist und dass mit dem Gabelkopf (25) eine Gabelkopfschraube (28) verbunden ist, welche einen Anschlag (30) durchsetzt und eine Stellmutter (29) trägt, deren Verdrehung eine axiale Verschiebung des Gabelkopfes (25) bewirkt .5. Point machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adjustable in the axial direction (31) of the piston stroke bearing (6) are designed as fork head (25), the fork is rotatably supported and displaceable in the axial direction (31) and via a bearing journal (26) with the hydraulic cylinder Linder olbenaggregat (5) and that a fork head screw (28) is connected to the fork head (25), which passes through a stop (30) and carries an adjusting nut (29), the rotation of which causes an axial displacement of the fork head (25).
6. Weichenantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anschlag (30) als offener Schlitz einer sich quer zur Schwellenlängsrichtung erstreckenden Wand einer Trogschwelle (4) oder eines ortsfesten Teiles einer Weiche ausgebildet ist. 6. Switch machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the stop (30) is designed as an open slot of a wall extending transversely to the threshold longitudinal direction of a trough sleeper (4) or a stationary part of a switch.
EP03735142A 2002-08-13 2003-06-16 Point machine for movable frogs Expired - Lifetime EP1528998B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT03735142T ATE335643T1 (en) 2002-08-13 2003-06-16 POINT DRIVE FOR MOVING HEARTS
SI200330521T SI1528998T1 (en) 2002-08-13 2003-06-16 Point machine for movable frogs

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT12282002 2002-08-13
AT0122802A AT411350B (en) 2002-08-13 2002-08-13 Point operating unit for movable frogs for use in railway tracks, comprises a cylinder-piston unit which is connected to bearings, with bearings being displaceable in axial direction of piston stroke
PCT/AT2003/000169 WO2004014709A1 (en) 2002-08-13 2003-06-16 Point machine for movable frogs

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EP1528998A1 true EP1528998A1 (en) 2005-05-11
EP1528998B1 EP1528998B1 (en) 2006-08-09

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EP (1) EP1528998B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100465037C (en)
AT (1) AT411350B (en)
AU (1) AU2003237561B2 (en)
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CA (1) CA2493999A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50304598D1 (en)
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ES (1) ES2270048T3 (en)
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PL201243B1 (en) 2009-03-31
WO2004014709A1 (en) 2004-02-19
DK1528998T3 (en) 2006-12-11
US7168663B2 (en) 2007-01-30
AT411350B (en) 2003-12-29
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NO20051252L (en) 2005-03-10
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CN100465037C (en) 2009-03-04
ATA12282002A (en) 2003-05-15
CA2493999A1 (en) 2004-02-19
CN1675097A (en) 2005-09-28
AU2003237561A1 (en) 2004-02-25
PL373579A1 (en) 2005-09-05
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AU2003237561B2 (en) 2009-10-01
US20050269459A1 (en) 2005-12-08

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