EP1527246B1 - Drive for a sliding door or a swinging-sliding door - Google Patents

Drive for a sliding door or a swinging-sliding door Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1527246B1
EP1527246B1 EP03771086.0A EP03771086A EP1527246B1 EP 1527246 B1 EP1527246 B1 EP 1527246B1 EP 03771086 A EP03771086 A EP 03771086A EP 1527246 B1 EP1527246 B1 EP 1527246B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spindle
carriage
spindle nut
guide rail
abutment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03771086.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1527246A1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Schneckenleitner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knorr Bremse GmbH
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Knorr Bremse GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Knorr Bremse GmbH filed Critical Knorr Bremse GmbH
Publication of EP1527246A1 publication Critical patent/EP1527246A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1527246B1 publication Critical patent/EP1527246B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
    • E05D15/1042—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving carriage
    • E05D15/1044—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with transversely moving carriage specially adapted for use in railway-cars or mass transit vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E05F15/652—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings operated by screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E05F15/655—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings specially adapted for vehicle wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/606—Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/61—Cooperation between suspension or transmission members
    • E05Y2201/612—Cooperation between suspension or transmission members between carriers and rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
    • E05Y2201/684—Rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the drive of a sliding door or sliding sliding door according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a similar drive is from the EP 0 461 104 A the applicant known.
  • a linear drive is provided, the driver of which can only move along a straight line, running parallel to the guide rail.
  • the power transmission from the driver to the carriage is effected in that the driver between two wings of the carriage, which is arranged normal to the guide rail, wherein the wings are so large that during the rotational movement of the carriage, the driver does not come from its area.
  • This solution has largely been proven, but since linear drives, especially over spindle drives, both costly, and maintenance-intensive, there is a need for a solution for a spindle drive, in which the rotational position of the spindle nut is determined by the output. The previously known solution is not suitable for this purpose.
  • the door hangs on a carriage, which in turn is displaceable along a carriage box fixed circular guide rail.
  • the carriage is also pivotable about the guide rail, and also the door is pivotally mounted on the carriage, parallel to the axis of the guide rail, whereby the Ausstellterrorism the door leaf is secured.
  • the drive takes place via a carriage-box-fixed, rotatable drive spindle and a spindle nut running on the spindle.
  • the connection between the spindle nut and the carriage via a connecting rod which is pivotable about both an axis parallel to the axis of the guide rail on both the spindle nut and on the carriage.
  • the invention aims to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a construction that requires less space, dynamic and static has a more favorable force curve and is also inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the sliding seat is preferred by formed a claw-like formation of the radial projection on a relatively large area, so that the surface pressure can be kept small.
  • this construction makes it possible to accomplish the axial adjustment of the door leaf by inserting or removing washers and thus to dispense with the previously necessary adjustment by means of costly threaded bolts.
  • the Fig. 1 shows from a door drive according to the prior art, the essential parts for the invention, namely a fixedly mounted on the car body guide rail 1, a carriage 2, a rotatable, but otherwise wagenkastenfeste spindle 3, a spindle nut 4 and a carriage 2 with the spindle nut 4th Connecting connecting rod 5.
  • the carriage 2 is longitudinally displaceable along the guide rail 1 and, as indicated by the dashed line drawn position, arranged pivotably. At the lower end of the carriage 2 is schematically indicated by an eye 6, the possibility of mounting a door, not shown.
  • the longitudinal movement of the carriage 2 along the guide rail 1 is effected by the spindle nut 4, which is moved by the rotation of the spindle 3 by means of a drive, not shown, along the spindle.
  • the connecting rod 5 is connected in each case by means of a rotary joint with a radial extension of the spindle nut 4 and a bearing part of the carriage 2 and so takes in its movement along the spindle 3, the carriage 2 and thus the door in the direction of the axis 11 of the guide rail 1 with.
  • the opening movement of the door leaf can be effected in various ways, usually it takes place by means of a guide rail, not shown, which is fixed to the car body and in which an extension of the door leaf or carriage, fittingly with a roller engages.
  • the spindle nut 4 is also pivoted in the raising movement, which corresponds to the transition from the continuous lines to the dashed lines, since they are about the connecting rod 5 in the manner of a four-bar linkage, in which the connecting rod 5 is to be regarded as a coupling and the Axis 11 and the axis of the spindle 3 are regarded as base points, is taken along.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 Shown are: In the description, the parts that with the Fig. 1 match, are labeled the same and given the same reference numerals, although it is of course possible to design these parts differently.
  • the spindle nut 4 has a radial projection 8, which is preferably, as shown, directed substantially to the guide rail 1 out, and that this projection 8 cooperates with an abutment 7 of the carriage 2 ,
  • This interaction takes place according to the invention so that both a rotation of the projection 8 about the abutment 7 is possible as well as a displacement, which takes place substantially in the radial direction relative to the axis 13 of the spindle 3, for which in the illustrated embodiment, a cover 9 is used, as explained in detail below.
  • the Fig. 4 shows in a section through a two-leaf door, which is guided differently in the two drivers to clearly show the structure.
  • the section is guided substantially through the axis 11 of the guide rail 1 and the axis 13 of the spindle 3, and thus shows the situation and in particular the power transmission in the direction of the two axes 11, 13:
  • the two spindle nuts 4 have a noticeable axial Siegrekkung, to be able to transmit the necessary forces or moments over a corresponding number of courses of the spindle thread. They are formed at the free ends of their radial projections 8 claw-like or comb-like, or gezinkt, esp. From the FIGS. 2 and 3 can be seen where the upper and lower teeth of the claw include the bolt-shaped abutment 7 with little play.
  • the abutment 7 is as out Fig. 4 can be seen formed in the form of a bolt, which is guided by corresponding recesses of a projection of the carriage 2 and fixed axially and radially in the carriage 2.
  • the role of the cover 9 is the transmission of axial forces to both the spindle nut 4 and the carriage 2: Between the spindle nut 4 and the cover 9 contact surfaces 14 are provided for this purpose, which are mutually displaceable in the direction between abutment 7 and axis 13 , The projection 8 ensures that, despite a certain all-sided game between the nut 4 and the cover 9, this orientation is maintained.
  • the cover 9 is fixed (or rotatable) with its lateral (in the axial direction) ends 10 connected to the abutment 7, which in turn is rotatably mounted (or fixed) in the carriage 2. In this case, washers or washers 12 are provided, by which an adjustment in the axial direction is easily possible The power is transmitted through these washers.
  • the present shown, massive construction allows the use of plastic for the nut 4 even in heavy use, which is desirable for different reasons and ensures an extremely long life even in rough operation.
  • this embodiment allows a simple and inexpensive adjustment possibility between the carriage 2 and thus the door leaf on the one hand and the spindle nut 4 on the other hand, namely, if the axial dimensions between the ends 10 of the cover 9 and the individual sections of the carriage 2 in the region of the abutment. 7 are tuned so that by inserting washers 12, the axial position between these two parts is determined. It can then be done by simply replacing or inserting / removing washers a precise axial adjustment in a range of a few millimeters in a simple, quick and cheap way.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, but may be variously modified.
  • the abutment 7 is arranged substantially in the region of the connecting plane between the axles 11 and 13, it could be arranged in the region in which the pivot between the connecting rod 5 and the slide 2, the abutment 7 in Fig. 1 located.
  • the toes or tines of the claws on its front side, as shown, are formed, it is quite possible to form them as a slot, which then makes it absolutely necessary, the abutment 7 in the axial direction -respectively. to be able to expand, for example by means of the bolt 7 as in the present embodiment.
  • this abutment 7 it is not necessary to form this abutment 7 as a bolt, since the transmission of the pivoting is not associated with excessive forces, it is quite conceivable to provide for this transmission of rotation only a kind of driver in the form of a projection or dome.
  • the cover 9 is made of a piece of sheet metal and is bent around the spindle nut 4, while the spindle nut 4 in planes normal to the axis 13 ribs 15 which protrude into apertures 16 of the cover 9 ( Fig. 3 ). So you get at all side little game between mother and cover but accurate guidance and a smooth transfer of forces.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft den Antrieb einer Schiebetüre oder Schwenkschiebetüre entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to the drive of a sliding door or sliding sliding door according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein ähnlicher Antrieb ist aus der EP 0 461 104 A der Anmelderin bekannt. Dabei ist allerdings statt eines Spindelantriebes ein Linearantrieb vorgesehen, dessen Mitnehmer sich nur entlang einer geraden Linie, parallel zur Führungsschiene verlaufend, bewegen kann. Die Kraftübertragung vom Mitnehmer zum Schlitten geschieht dadurch, dass der Mitnehmer zwischen zwei Flügeln des Schlittens, die normal zur Führungsschiene verlaufen angeordnet ist, wobei die Flügel so groß sind, dass bei der Drehbewegung des Schlittens der Mitnehmer nicht aus ihrem Bereich kommt. Diese Lösung hat sich im Großen und Ganzen bewährt, doch da Linearantriebe, besonders gegenüber Spindelantrieben, sowohl kostspielig, als auch wartungsintensiv sind, besteht ein Bedarf an einer Lösung für einen Spindelantrieb, bei dem die Drehlage der Spindelmutter vom Abtrieb bestimmt wird. Die vorbekannte Lösung ist dazu nicht geeignet.A similar drive is from the EP 0 461 104 A the applicant known. However, instead of a spindle drive, a linear drive is provided, the driver of which can only move along a straight line, running parallel to the guide rail. The power transmission from the driver to the carriage is effected in that the driver between two wings of the carriage, which is arranged normal to the guide rail, wherein the wings are so large that during the rotational movement of the carriage, the driver does not come from its area. This solution has largely been proven, but since linear drives, especially over spindle drives, both costly, and maintenance-intensive, there is a need for a solution for a spindle drive, in which the rotational position of the spindle nut is determined by the output. The previously known solution is not suitable for this purpose.

Es gibt verschiedene Konstruktionen von Schwenkschiebetüren die auf unterschiedliche Weise die Ausstell- und die Schiebebewegung des Türflügels bewerkstelligen und dabei auch auf unterschiedliche Weise die Verbindung zwischen dem eigentlichen Antrieb und dem Türflügel herstellen.There are various constructions of sliding doors which accomplish in different ways, the opening and the sliding movement of the door and thereby produce in different ways, the connection between the actual drive and the door leaf.

Bei einer seit längerer Zeit bekannten und bewährten Konstruktion, dargestellt in Fig. 1, hängt der Türflügel auf einem Schlitten, der seinerseits entlang einer wagenkastenfesten kreisrunden Führungsschiene verschieblich ist. Der Schlitten ist um die Führungsschiene auch schwenkbar, und auch der Türflügel ist am Schlitten, parallel zur Achse der Führungsschiene schwenkbar, angelenkt, wodurch die Ausstellbewegung des Türflügels gesichert ist. Der Antrieb erfolgt über eine wagenkastenfeste, um sich drehbare Antriebsspindel und eine auf der Spindel laufende Spindelmutter. Die Verbindung zwischen der Spindelmutter und dem Schlitten erfolgt über eine Verbindungsstange die sowohl an der Spindelmutter als auch am Schlitten um jeweils eine zur Achse der Führungsschiene parallele Achse schwenkbar ist.In a long time known and proven construction, shown in Fig. 1 , the door hangs on a carriage, which in turn is displaceable along a carriage box fixed circular guide rail. The carriage is also pivotable about the guide rail, and also the door is pivotally mounted on the carriage, parallel to the axis of the guide rail, whereby the Ausstellbewegung the door leaf is secured. The drive takes place via a carriage-box-fixed, rotatable drive spindle and a spindle nut running on the spindle. The connection between the spindle nut and the carriage via a connecting rod which is pivotable about both an axis parallel to the axis of the guide rail on both the spindle nut and on the carriage.

Diese Konstruktion hat sich im wesentlichen bewährt und ist, wie oben angeführt, seit langem im Einsatz, weist aber doch gewisse Nachteile auf: Die Verbindungsstange, durch die ja die Bewegungskräfte für den Türflügel in Richtung der Achse der Führungsschiene übertragen werden, wird durch diese namhaften Kräfte auf Biegung und Scherung beansprucht. Diese Kräfte müssen durch die beiden Drehgelenke übertragen werden, was es notwendig macht, sie entsprechend massiv damit schwer und teuer auszubilden. Durch den relativ großen Abstand der Verbindungsstange bzw. ihrer Drehgelenke bezüglich der Achse der Führungsschiene einerseits und bezüglich der Achse der Spindel andererseits werden sowohl der Schlitten als auch die Spindelmutter während des Betriebes auf ihren Sitzen auf Verkanten beansprucht, was beim Schlitten zu erhöhter Kantenpressung und bei der Spindelmutter zur einseitigen Belastung des Gewindes führt. Zu all dem kommt noch, daß über den gesamten Bewegungsweg des Schlittens genügend Raum für das Vorbeigleiten der Verbindungsstange freigehalten werden muß.This construction has essentially proven itself and is, as stated above, for a long time in use, but has some disadvantages: The connecting rod, by the movement forces for the door in the direction of the axis of the guide rail be transferred, is claimed by these well-known forces on bending and shear. These forces must be transmitted through the two swivel joints, which makes it necessary to make them heavy and expensive accordingly massive. Due to the relatively large distance of the connecting rod or its hinges with respect to the axis of the guide rail on the one hand and with respect to the axis of the spindle on the other hand both the carriage and the spindle nut are claimed during operation on their seats on tilting, which in the carriage to increased edge pressure and at the spindle nut for one-sided loading of the thread leads. In addition, all that remains is that over the entire path of movement of the carriage enough space must be kept free for the passage of the connecting rod.

Auch bei reinen Schiebetüren mit der eingangs definierten Grundkonstruktion ist es notwendig, zum Ausgleich von Toleranzen, Abnutzungserscheinungen, unterschiedlichen thermischen Ausdehnungen und dergleichen mehr, eine Konstruktion mit einer Verbindungsstange zu verwenden, wodurch die gleichen Probleme wie bei Schwenkschiebetüren auftreten.Even with pure sliding doors with the basic structure defined above, it is necessary to compensate for tolerances, wear, different thermal expansions and the like more to use a construction with a connecting rod, whereby the same problems as in sliding doors occur.

Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine Konstruktion anzugeben, die weniger Platz bedarf, dynamisch und statisch einen günstigeren Kraftverlauf aufweist und dabei auch kostengünstig in der Herstellung ist.The invention aims to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a construction that requires less space, dynamic and static has a more favorable force curve and is also inexpensive to manufacture.

Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Ziele durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmale erreicht.According to the invention, these objects are achieved by the features stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß auf die Verbindungsstange vollständig verzichtet werden kann und daß statt der beiden Drehgelenke ein einziges Drehgelenk, kombiniert mit einem Verschiebesitz vorgesehen wird, das sich im wesentlichen im Bereich der direkten Verbindung zwischen den Achsen der Führungsschiene und der Spindel befindet. Auf diese Weise werden die oben genannten Nachteile der Kraftübertragung durch die ungünstige exzentrische Anordnung zur Gänze vermieden, der Schiebesitz wird bevorzugt durch eine klauenartige Ausbildung des radialen Vorsprunges auf relativ großer Fläche ausgebildet, sodaß die Flächenpressung klein gehalten werden kann.In this way it is achieved that can be completely dispensed with the connecting rod and that instead of the two hinges a single pivot, combined with a sliding seat is provided which is located substantially in the region of the direct connection between the axes of the guide rail and the spindle. In this way, the above-mentioned disadvantages of the power transmission by the unfavorable eccentric arrangement are completely avoided, the sliding seat is preferred by formed a claw-like formation of the radial projection on a relatively large area, so that the surface pressure can be kept small.

Darüberhinaus ermöglicht es diese Konstruktion, die axiale Justierung des Türflügels durch Einfügen oder Wegnehmen von Beilagscheiben zu bewerkstelligen und so auf die bisher notwendige Justierung mittels kostspieliger Gewindebolzen zu verzichten.Moreover, this construction makes it possible to accomplish the axial adjustment of the door leaf by inserting or removing washers and thus to dispense with the previously necessary adjustment by means of costly threaded bolts.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen en näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

  • die Fig. 1 eine Antriebskoppelung gemäß dem Stand der Technik,
  • die Fig. 2 eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in der eingeschwenkten Lagen des Türflügels,
  • die Fig. 3 die Vorrichtung der Fig. 2 in der ausgeschwenkten Lage des Türflügels und
  • die Fig. 4 einen Schnitt, der im wesentlichen durch die Achsen der Führungsschiene und der Spindel gelegt ist.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings en. It shows
  • the Fig. 1 a drive coupling according to the prior art,
  • the Fig. 2 an embodiment of a device according to the invention in the pivoted-in positions of the door leaf,
  • the Fig. 3 the device of Fig. 2 in the pivoted position of the door and
  • the Fig. 4 a section which is essentially defined by the axes of the guide rail and the spindle.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt von einem Türantrieb gemäß dem Stand der Technik die für die Erfindung wesentlichen Teile, nämlich eine fest am Wagenkasten montierte Führungsschiene 1, einen Schlitten 2, eine drehbare, aber ansonsten wagenkastenfeste Spindel 3, eine Spindelmutter 4 und eine den Schlitten 2 mit der Spindelmutter 4 verbindende Verbindungsstange 5.The Fig. 1 shows from a door drive according to the prior art, the essential parts for the invention, namely a fixedly mounted on the car body guide rail 1, a carriage 2, a rotatable, but otherwise wagenkastenfeste spindle 3, a spindle nut 4 and a carriage 2 with the spindle nut 4th Connecting connecting rod 5.

Der Schlitten 2 ist entlang der Führungsschiene 1 längsverschieblich und, wie durch die strichliert eingezeichnete Lage angedeutet, verschwenkbar angeordnet. Am unteren Ende des Schlittens 2 ist durch ein Auge 6 die Montagemöglichkeit für einen nicht dargestellten Türflügel schematisch angedeutet. Die Längsbewegung des Schlittens 2 entlang der Führungsschiene 1 wird durch die Spindelmutter 4 bewirkt, die durch die Drehung der Spindel 3 mittels eines nicht dargestellten Antriebes entlang der Spindel verfahren wird.The carriage 2 is longitudinally displaceable along the guide rail 1 and, as indicated by the dashed line drawn position, arranged pivotably. At the lower end of the carriage 2 is schematically indicated by an eye 6, the possibility of mounting a door, not shown. The longitudinal movement of the carriage 2 along the guide rail 1 is effected by the spindle nut 4, which is moved by the rotation of the spindle 3 by means of a drive, not shown, along the spindle.

Die Verbindungsstange 5 ist jeweils mittels eines Drehgelenkes mit einem radialen Fortsatz der Spindelmutter 4 und einem Lagerteil des Schlittens 2 verbunden und nimmt so bei ihrer Bewegung entlang der Spindel 3 den Schlitten 2 und damit den Türflügel in Richtung der Achse 11 der Führungsschiene 1 mit.The connecting rod 5 is connected in each case by means of a rotary joint with a radial extension of the spindle nut 4 and a bearing part of the carriage 2 and so takes in its movement along the spindle 3, the carriage 2 and thus the door in the direction of the axis 11 of the guide rail 1 with.

Die Ausstellbewegung des Türflügels kann auf verschiedene Weise bewirkt werden, üblicherweise erfolgt sie mittels einer nicht dargestellten Führungsschiene, die am Wagenkasten befestigt ist und in die ein Fortsatz des Türflügels oder Schlittens, passenderweise mit einer Rolle, eingreift. Wie aus der Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, wird bei der Ausstellbewegung, das entspricht dem Übergang von den durchgehend ausgezeichneten Linien zu den strichlierten Linien, die Spindelmutter 4 ebenfalls verschwenkt, da sie über die Verbindungsstange 5 nach Art eines Gelenkviereckes, bei dem die Verbindungsstange 5 als Koppel anzusehen ist und die Achse 11 und die Achse der Spindel 3 als Basispunkte zu betrachten sind, mitgenommen wird.The opening movement of the door leaf can be effected in various ways, usually it takes place by means of a guide rail, not shown, which is fixed to the car body and in which an extension of the door leaf or carriage, fittingly with a roller engages. Like from the Fig. 1 it can be seen, the spindle nut 4 is also pivoted in the raising movement, which corresponds to the transition from the continuous lines to the dashed lines, since they are about the connecting rod 5 in the manner of a four-bar linkage, in which the connecting rod 5 is to be regarded as a coupling and the Axis 11 and the axis of the spindle 3 are regarded as base points, is taken along.

Man erkennt aus der Zeichnung, daß die Längskräfte (in Richtung der Achsen 11, 13) beim Verschieben des Türflügels vom Gewinde der Spindel 3 auf das Drehgelenk zwischen der Spindelmutter 4 und der Verbindungsstange 5 übertragen werden müssen, wodurch die Spindelmutter 4 gegenüber der Spindel 3 zum Verkanten gebracht wird, was zu einer ungleichmäßigen Belastung des Gewindes führt. Auf völlig analoge Weise wird der Schlitten 2 durch die vom Drehgelenk zwischen der Verbindungsstange 5 und dem Schlitten 2 übertragenen Antriebskräfte ebenfalls bezüglich der Führungsschiene 1 mit einem Kippmoment belastet, somit zum Verkanten gebracht, was am Rand seiner Führung zu erhöhter Kantenpressung führt. Schließlich wird die Verbindungsstange 5 durch die auf sie wirkenden Kräfte, die normal zur Papierebene der Fig. 1 verlaufen, sowohl auf Biegung als auch auf Abscherung beansprucht und muß entsprechend massiv ausgebildet sein.It can be seen from the drawing that the longitudinal forces (in the direction of the axes 11, 13) when moving the door from the thread of the spindle 3 must be transmitted to the hinge between the spindle nut 4 and the connecting rod 5, whereby the spindle nut 4 relative to the spindle. 3 is brought to tilt, resulting in an uneven loading of the thread. In a completely analogous manner, the carriage 2 is also loaded by the pivot between the connecting rod 5 and the carriage 2 driving forces also with respect to the guide rail 1 with a tilting moment, thus brought to tilt, which leads to increased edge pressure on the edge of his leadership. Finally, the connecting rod 5 by the on them acting forces normal to the paper plane of the Fig. 1 run, claimed both bending and shearing and must be designed accordingly solid.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Probleme ist in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt: Es werden in der Beschreibung die Teile, die mit denen der Fig. 1 übereinstimmen, gleich bezeichnet und mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, obwohl es selbstverständlich möglich ist, diese Teile anders auszubilden bzw. auszugestalten.An inventive solution to these problems is in the FIGS. 2 and 3 Shown are: In the description, the parts that with the Fig. 1 match, are labeled the same and given the same reference numerals, although it is of course possible to design these parts differently.

Wesentlicher Unterschied zur Lösung gemäß dem Stand der Technik ist, daß die Spindelmutter 4 einen radialen Vorsprung 8 aufweist, der bevorzugt, so wie dargestellt, im wesentlichen zur Führungsschiene 1 hin gerichtet ist, und daß dieser Vorsprung 8 mit einem Widerlager 7 des Schlittens 2 zusammenwirkt. Dieses Zusammenwirken erfolgt erfindungsgemäß so, daß sowohl ein Verdrehen des Vorsprunges 8 um das Widerlager 7 möglich ist als auch ein Verschieben, das im Wesentlichen in radialer Richtung bezüglich der Achse 13 der Spindel 3 erfolgt, wofür bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform eine Abdeckung 9 verwendet wird, wie im folgenden detailliert erläutert wird.Significant difference to the solution according to the prior art is that the spindle nut 4 has a radial projection 8, which is preferably, as shown, directed substantially to the guide rail 1 out, and that this projection 8 cooperates with an abutment 7 of the carriage 2 , This interaction takes place according to the invention so that both a rotation of the projection 8 about the abutment 7 is possible as well as a displacement, which takes place substantially in the radial direction relative to the axis 13 of the spindle 3, for which in the illustrated embodiment, a cover 9 is used, as explained in detail below.

Aus dem Zusammenhalt der Fig. 2 und 3 geht die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion unmittelbar hervor: Beim Verschwenken des Schlittens 2 um die Führungsschiene 1 beschreibt das Widerlager 7 eine kreisförmige Schwenkbewegung um die Achse 11 der Führungsschiene 1 und nimmt dabei den Vorsprung 8 der Spindelmutter 4 mit, im dargestellten Beispiel nach Art einer Triebstockverzahnung. Die Änderung des Abstandes zwischen dem Widerlager 7 und der Spindelachse 13 wird dadurch ausgeglichen, daß der Vorsprung 8 das Widerlager 7 klauenartig umgreift und so nicht nur die Änderung der Winkellage sondern auch die Abstandsänderung erlaubt bzw. ausgleicht.From the cohesion of FIGS. 2 and 3 the operation of the construction according to the invention is immediately apparent: When pivoting the carriage 2 to the guide rail 1, the abutment 7 describes a circular pivoting movement about the axis 11 of the guide rail 1 and takes the projection 8 of the spindle nut 4, in the example shown in the manner of a rack and pinion , The change in the distance between the abutment 7 and the spindle axis 13 is compensated by the fact that the projection 8 claw-like surrounds the abutment 7 and so not only allows the change of the angular position but also the change in distance or compensates.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt in einem Schnitt durch eine zweiflügelige Tür, der in den beiden Mitnehmern unterschiedlich geführt ist, um den Aufbau klar zu zeigen. Der Schnitt ist im wesentlichen durch die Achse 11 der Führungsschiene 1 und die Achse 13 der Spindel 3 geführt, und zeigt so die Situation und insbesondere die Kraftübertragung in Richtung der beiden Achsen 11, 13: Die beiden Spindelmuttern 4 weisen eine merkliche axiale Erstrekkung auf, um die notwendigen Kräfte bzw. Momente über eine entsprechende Anzahl von Gängen des Spindelgewindes übertragen zu können. Sie sind an den freien Enden ihrer radialen Vorsprünge 8 klauenartig bzw. kammartig, oder gezinkt ausgebildet, wie insbes. aus den Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich, wo die oberen und unteren Zinken der Klaue das bolzenförmige Widerlager 7 mit geringem Spiel umfassen.The Fig. 4 shows in a section through a two-leaf door, which is guided differently in the two drivers to clearly show the structure. The section is guided substantially through the axis 11 of the guide rail 1 and the axis 13 of the spindle 3, and thus shows the situation and in particular the power transmission in the direction of the two axes 11, 13: The two spindle nuts 4 have a noticeable axial Erstrekkung, to be able to transmit the necessary forces or moments over a corresponding number of courses of the spindle thread. They are formed at the free ends of their radial projections 8 claw-like or comb-like, or gezinkt, esp. From the FIGS. 2 and 3 can be seen where the upper and lower teeth of the claw include the bolt-shaped abutment 7 with little play.

Das Widerlager 7 ist, wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, in Form eines Bolzens ausgebildet, der durch entsprechende Ausnehmungen eines Vorsprunges des Schlittens 2 geführt und axial und radial im Schlitten 2 fixiert ist.The abutment 7 is as out Fig. 4 can be seen formed in the form of a bolt, which is guided by corresponding recesses of a projection of the carriage 2 and fixed axially and radially in the carriage 2.

Die Rolle der Abdeckung 9 ist die Übertragung der axialen Kräfte sowohl zur Spindelmutter 4 als auch zum Schlitten 2: Zwischen der Spindelmutter 4 und der Abdeckung 9 sind zu diesem Zweck Kontaktflächen 14 vorgesehen, die zueinander in der Richtung zwischen Widerlager 7 und Achse 13 verschieblich sind. Der Vorsprung 8 sorgt dafür, dass trotz einem gewissen allseitigem Spiel zwischen der Mutter 4 und der Abdeckung 9 diese Orientierung gewahrt bleibt. Die Abdeckung 9 ist mit ihren seitlichen (in axialer Richtung) Enden 10 fest (oder drehbar) mit dem Widerlager 7 verbunden, das seinerseits drehbar (oder fest) im Schlitten 2 montiert ist. Dabei sind Zwischenscheiben bzw. Beilagscheiben 12 vorgesehen, durch die eine Justierung in axialer Richtung leicht möglich ist Die Kraftübertragung erfolgt über diese Beilagscheiben.The role of the cover 9 is the transmission of axial forces to both the spindle nut 4 and the carriage 2: Between the spindle nut 4 and the cover 9 contact surfaces 14 are provided for this purpose, which are mutually displaceable in the direction between abutment 7 and axis 13 , The projection 8 ensures that, despite a certain all-sided game between the nut 4 and the cover 9, this orientation is maintained. The cover 9 is fixed (or rotatable) with its lateral (in the axial direction) ends 10 connected to the abutment 7, which in turn is rotatably mounted (or fixed) in the carriage 2. In this case, washers or washers 12 are provided, by which an adjustment in the axial direction is easily possible The power is transmitted through these washers.

Es ist selbstverständlich nicht notwendig, eine solche massive Konstruktion zu bauen, besonders wenn im Rahmen einer Schiebetüre die erfindungsgemäße Grundidee nur zum Ausgleich von Toleranzen und zur leichteren Justierbarkeit verwendet wird. Man kann die Führung der Abdeckung direkt an entsprechenden Flächen der Mutter vorsehen, ohne dass diese das Widerlager umgreift, wesentlich ist, dass die Gesamtheit Mutter-Abdeckung bezüglich des Widerlagers verdrehbar und verschiebbar ausgebildet ist.Of course, it is not necessary to build such a massive construction, especially if, in the context of a sliding door, the basic idea according to the invention is used only to compensate for tolerances and for easier adjustability. It is possible to provide the guidance of the cover directly on corresponding surfaces of the nut, without this encompassing the abutment, it is essential that the entirety of the nut cover with respect to the abutment is designed to be rotatable and displaceable.

Die vorliegend dargestellte, massive, Konstruktion erlaubt auch im schweren Einsatz die Verwendung von Kunststoff für die Mutter 4, was aus unterschiedlichen Gründen wünschenswert ist und sichert eine extrem lange Lebensdauer auch im rauhen Betrieb.The present shown, massive construction allows the use of plastic for the nut 4 even in heavy use, which is desirable for different reasons and ensures an extremely long life even in rough operation.

Wie aus Fig. 4 weiters hervorgeht, ermöglicht diese Ausführungsform eine einfache und kostengünstige Justiermöglichkeit zwischen dem Schlitten 2 und damit dem Türflügel einerseits und der Spindelmutter 4 andererseits, wenn nämlich die axialen Abmessungen zwischen den Enden 10 der Abdeckung 9 und den einzelnen Abschnitten des Schlittens 2 im Bereich des Widerlagers 7 so abgestimmt sind, daß durch Einschieben von Beilagscheiben 12 die axiale Lage zwischen diesen beiden Teilen bestimmt wird. Es kann sodann durch einfaches Austauschen bzw. Einfügen/Entfernen von Beilagscheiben eine genaue axiale Justierung in einem Bereich von einigen Millimetern auf einfache, rasche und billige Weise erfolgen.How out Fig. 4 Furthermore, this embodiment allows a simple and inexpensive adjustment possibility between the carriage 2 and thus the door leaf on the one hand and the spindle nut 4 on the other hand, namely, if the axial dimensions between the ends 10 of the cover 9 and the individual sections of the carriage 2 in the region of the abutment. 7 are tuned so that by inserting washers 12, the axial position between these two parts is determined. It can then be done by simply replacing or inserting / removing washers a precise axial adjustment in a range of a few millimeters in a simple, quick and cheap way.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern kann verschiedentlich abgewandelt werden. So ist es nicht notwendig, daß das Widerlager 7 im wesentlichen im Bereich der Verbindungsebene zwischen den Achsen 11 und 13 angeordnet ist, es könnte das Widerlager 7 auch in dem Bereich angeordnet sein, in dem sich das Drehgelenk zwischen der Verbindungsstange 5 und dem Schlitten 2 in Fig. 1 befindet. Nachteilig ist allerdings bei jeder Ausbildungsform die eine solche exzentrische Anlenkung vorsieht, daß zumindest auf dem Schlitten 2 wieder (wie im Stand der Technik) große Kippmomente ausgeübt werden, daß der Platzbedarf für die Vorrichtung vergrößert wird und dass der Verschiebungsweg im Lager vergrößert wird. Daß dazu noch größere Biegemomente auftreten und die Anordnung nicht nur wegen der größeren Ausdehnung sondern auch wegen dieser größeren Momente schwerer und massiver auszubilden ist, sei hier nur am Rande erwähnt.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, but may be variously modified. Thus, it is not necessary that the abutment 7 is arranged substantially in the region of the connecting plane between the axles 11 and 13, it could be arranged in the region in which the pivot between the connecting rod 5 and the slide 2, the abutment 7 in Fig. 1 located. A disadvantage, however, in any embodiment which provides such an eccentric linkage that at least on the carriage 2 again (as in the prior art) large tilting moments are exercised that the space required for the device is increased and that the displacement is increased in the camp. That even greater bending moments occur and the arrangement is not only because of the greater extent but also because of these major moments heavier and more massive form, is mentioned only in passing.

Weiters ist es nicht notwendig, daß die Zehen bzw. Zinken der Klauen an ihrer Frontseite so, wie dargestellt, ausgebildet sind, es ist durchaus möglich, sie als Langloch auszubilden, was es dann aber zwingend erforderlich macht, das Widerlager 7 in axialer Richtung ein-bzw. ausbauen zu können, beispielsweise mittels des Bolzens 7 wie im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel. Andererseits ist es nicht notwendig, dieses Widerlager 7 als Bolzen auszubilden, da die Übertragung der Verschwenkung nicht mit allzu großen Kräften verbunden ist, ist es durchaus denkbar, für diese Übertragung der Drehbewegung nur eine Art Mitnehmer in Form eines Vorsprungs oder Doms vorzusehen.Furthermore, it is not necessary that the toes or tines of the claws on its front side, as shown, are formed, it is quite possible to form them as a slot, which then makes it absolutely necessary, the abutment 7 in the axial direction -respectively. to be able to expand, for example by means of the bolt 7 as in the present embodiment. On the other hand, it is not necessary to form this abutment 7 as a bolt, since the transmission of the pivoting is not associated with excessive forces, it is quite conceivable to provide for this transmission of rotation only a kind of driver in the form of a projection or dome.

Wenn genügend Platz im Bereich des Schlittens vorhanden ist, oder im Bereich der Spindelmutter extrem wenig Platz zur Verfügung steht, so ist es auch möglich, die Anordnung umzudrehen und das Widerlager auf der Spindelmutter anzubringen. Diese Umkehr ist aber nur in Sonderfällen der dargestellten vorzuziehen, weshalb sie in der Beschreibung nicht besonders erläutert wird.If there is enough space in the area of the carriage, or in the area of the spindle nut extremely little space is available, it is also possible to turn over the arrangement and attach the abutment on the spindle nut. However, this reversal is preferable to the one shown only in special cases, which is why it is not particularly explained in the description.

Bevorzugt besteht die Abdeckung 9 aus einem Stück Blech und wird um die Spindelmutter 4 herum gebogen, dabei weist die Spindelmutter 4 in Ebenen normal zur Achse 13 Rippen 15 auf, die in Durchbrechungen 16 der Abdeckung 9 ragen (Fig. 3). So erreicht man bei allseitigem geringem Spiel zwischen Mutter und Abdeckung doch eine genaue Führung und eine problemlose Übertragung der Kräfte.Preferably, the cover 9 is made of a piece of sheet metal and is bent around the spindle nut 4, while the spindle nut 4 in planes normal to the axis 13 ribs 15 which protrude into apertures 16 of the cover 9 ( Fig. 3 ). So you get at all side little game between mother and cover but accurate guidance and a smooth transfer of forces.

Wesentlich für die Erfindung ist immer nur, daß die Verbindung zwischen der Spindelmutter 4 und dem Schlitten 2 - und unter diesen Bauteilen werden immer auch alle mit ihnen im bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb fest verbundenen Bauteile verstanden - durch ein Gelenk erfolgt, welches sowohl eine relative Drehbewegung zwischen diesen beiden Blauteilen als auch eine Verschiebebewegung zwischen diese beiden Bauteilen im Gelenkbereich zuläßt. Ein derartiges Gelenk wird in der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen als Drehschiebegelenk bezeichnetEssential for the invention is always only that the connection between the spindle nut 4 and the carriage 2 - and under these components are always with all understood by them in the intended operation firmly connected components - done by a joint which allows both a relative rotational movement between these two blue parts as well as a sliding movement between these two components in the joint area. Such a hinge is referred to in the specification and claims as a rotary slide joint

Claims (8)

  1. Drive for a sliding door or swinging sliding door of a rail vehicle, having a guide rail (1) fixed with respect to the rail vehicle, on which guide rail (1) a carriage (2) is arranged in a longitudinally displaceable and optionally rotatable manner, the carriage (2) bearing a door leaf, and having a spindle drive, of which the spindle (3) extends parallel to the guide rail (1) and of which the spindle nut (4) is fixedly connected to the carriage (2) in the direction of the axis (13) of the spindle (3), characterised in that the connection between the spindle nut (4) and the carriage (2) is realised by means of a rotating sliding joint (7, 8, 10), in which a projection (8) on the rotatable spindle nut (4) can be rotated and radially displaced about an abutment, thus defining the joint area, on the carriage (2).
  2. Drive according to claim 1, characterised in that the spindle nut (4) has radially protruding ends (10) which are formed in the manner of claws, and interact with the abutment (7) of the carriage (2).
  3. Drive according to claim 2, characterised in that the abutment (7) consists of a pin which extends parallel to the guide rail (11).
  4. Drive according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the areas of the components of the rotating sliding joint (7 - 10), facing each other and extending normally with respect to the guide rail (1), are at a distance from each other which is closed by washers.
  5. Drive according to claim 1, characterised in that the rotating sliding joint (7 - 10) has a spindle nut (4) and a cover (9) which can be displaced with respect to the spindle nut (4) in a plane normal relative to the axis (13) of the spindle (3) and carries the ends (10).
  6. Drive according to claim 5, characterised in that the ends (10) have passage holes parallel to the axis (13) of the spindle (3), through which a pin forming the abutment (7) is inserted.
  7. Drive according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterised in that the cover is composed of a piece of sheet metal and is bent around the spindle nut.
  8. Drive according to claim 7, characterised in that the spindle nut has ribs (15) in planes normal to the axis (13) which project into depressions or interruptions (16) of the cover (9).
EP03771086.0A 2002-07-25 2003-07-24 Drive for a sliding door or a swinging-sliding door Expired - Lifetime EP1527246B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT11332002 2002-07-25
AT0113302A AT412491B (en) 2002-07-25 2002-07-25 DRIVE OF A SLIDING DOOR OR SWIVEL SLIDING DOOR
PCT/EP2003/008117 WO2004011751A1 (en) 2002-07-25 2003-07-24 Drive for a sliding door or a swinging-sliding door

Publications (2)

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EP1527246A1 EP1527246A1 (en) 2005-05-04
EP1527246B1 true EP1527246B1 (en) 2016-09-07

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EP03771086.0A Expired - Lifetime EP1527246B1 (en) 2002-07-25 2003-07-24 Drive for a sliding door or a swinging-sliding door

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US (1) US7552561B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1527246B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1325294C (en)
AT (1) AT412491B (en)
AU (1) AU2003250160A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2493413C (en)
ES (1) ES2606368T3 (en)
PL (1) PL208471B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004011751A1 (en)

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US8381445B2 (en) * 2008-06-17 2013-02-26 John B. Higman and Valorie J. Higman Automatically sealing multi panel sliding door assembly
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US8353555B2 (en) 2010-08-06 2013-01-15 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Link-type sliding door mechanism
US11840872B1 (en) * 2021-02-04 2023-12-12 Roy Ben David Non-hinged door system and method of conversion of a hinged door into a non-hinged door

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Publication number Publication date
PL372870A1 (en) 2005-08-08
WO2004011751A1 (en) 2004-02-05
US20060096177A1 (en) 2006-05-11
AT412491B (en) 2005-03-25
PL208471B1 (en) 2011-05-31
CN1668824A (en) 2005-09-14
CA2493413C (en) 2011-06-14
ES2606368T3 (en) 2017-03-23
AU2003250160A1 (en) 2004-02-16
CN1325294C (en) 2007-07-11
CA2493413A1 (en) 2004-02-05
EP1527246A1 (en) 2005-05-04
US7552561B2 (en) 2009-06-30
ATA11332002A (en) 2004-08-15

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