EP1528171A2 - Wood-Concrete composite system comprising wooden construction elements, intermediate layers and concrete construction elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A wood-concrete composite system comprises a wood construction component (110), at least single intermediate layer (140), and a concrete construction unit (150). The concrete construction unit faces with one side towards the wood construction component. The intermediate layer creates partial uncoupling between the wood and concrete.

Description

The invention relates to wood-concrete composite systems consisting of wooden components, Intermediate layers and concrete components according to the features of the preamble of Claim 1 exist.

From the patent DE 44 06 433 C2 is known wood by glued moldings To connect with other materials of any kind non-positively. The known Connecting element is a flat flat body in the form of a steel sheet trained, which is glued into a slot introduced in the wood so that it protrudes from the wood over part of its surface. The preceding part of the Connecting element is used for connection with another material.

From the published patent application DE 198 08 208 A1 wood is known by glued Molded parts with concrete to connect force-fit. The known connection element is formed as a flat flat body in the form of a steel sheet, which in a in the Wood-wrapped slot is glued so that it covers part of its area protruding from the wood. The protruding part of the connecting element has Anchor tongues anchored in the poured concrete.

The published patent application DE 198 18 525 A1 discloses a wood-concrete composite element known, which consists of a variety of assembled boards, in turn Include composite webs and an overlying concrete component consists. Of the Bond between the concrete component and the boards or composite webs is by - in the wood incorporated recesses - embarked transverse force anchors generated. The transverse force anchors are transverse to the longitudinal direction of the composite boards arranged and thus have a geometric toothing between wood and Concrete on.

A major disadvantage of the aforementioned writings lies in the deficient Final coupling of the materials wood and concrete and the resulting Limitations in the application. So it is known that a direct contact between Wood and concrete lead to condensation and thus mold in the wood can. Furthermore, in a direct contact between wood and concrete, a Sound bridge, which the usability of a wood-concrete composite ceiling without further Structure prevented. Furthermore, it is known that the rigidity of a cross section increases with increasing lever arm and thus a pronounced Interlayer training leads to stiffer systems.

Another disadvantage of the latter document is that any deposits in Shape of pipes or pipes in wood or concrete in the claimed cross-section and thus its usefulness is reduced in the long term by the loads.

The object of the invention is to wood-concrete composite systems with intermediate layers create, with high connection forces, different cross-sectional variations, different system properties and different building physics Features are equipped. The task of the intermediate layer is one Decoupling the distinctly different materials to create wood and concrete, without the stiff or rigid connection - a prerequisite for an effective Composite effect - to reduce the two materials.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 ff. The present invention describes a wood-concrete composite system, which consists of Wooden components, intermediate layers and concrete components consists. The wooden parts are with the concrete component quasi rigid by continuously arranged connection means connected.

The connecting means are as a flat body with corresponding openings or Roughening, as a grid and / or as networks of metals and / or plastics educated. At least one end of the connecting means is by gluing non-positively connected with the wooden components. It has surprisingly been found that the gluing of two ends of the connecting means with the wooden components not only produces an increase in intrinsic stability, but also an increase the composite stiffness provides. It may be appropriate to To form fasteners inhomogeneous and anisotropic, so that from this different properties of the connector in different ones Materials (wood component, intermediate layer, concrete component) result. The shape of the fasteners is next to the straight shape in all other odd Shapes such as e.g. bent, curled, bent, angled and / or straight conceivable and will only depend on the application requirements. The Arrangements of the connecting elements in the composite system according to the invention can e.g. side by side, one behind the other, diagonally, offset, offset, wavy and / or chaotic and are only of the Application requirements.

The connecting means are in the timber components by gluing at least one End in prepared slots or depressions and in the concrete component through mechanical gearing anchored in hardened cement paste. Another Embodiment lies e.g. therein the connecting means on the wooden components or partly in and partly to stick to the wooden components, thereby a permanent and make frictional connection. Penetrate the connecting means while the intermediate layers, depending on the requirement with, partially or without one frictional connection with the intermediate layers. Thus, the decouple Interlayers at least partially the wooden components of the concrete components and This allows a durable composite solution. The wooden components point at least in cases of use reinforcements, which are the structural and manufacturing weaknesses of wood and / or wood-based materials as well as wooden composite materials. It is in some applications as well conceivable the capacity of the wooden components by reinforcement or reinforcements increase to thereby increase the total capacity.

The concrete components have at least in some applications on the one hand Deposits on which bridge the structural weaknesses of the concrete and / or on the other deposits on which the building physics conditions of the wood-concrete composite system change. The intermediate layers are at least partly as geometrical, mechanical, structural-physical and / or structural Separation or end coupling between the wooden components and concrete components given. The intermediate layers of the wood-concrete composite system can as single-layered or multi-layered layers are formed. The intermediate layers may be in liquid, solid and / or gaseous form e.g. by embarrassing, pouring, paint and / or foam used up and / or introduced. A single-layer intermediate layer consists for example of a plastic film, impregnated paper, bitumen board, plastic insulation layer, mineral Insulating layer, organic insulating material, renewable insulation material and infused or painted materials at a later date harden or cure, such. Tar, glue, plastic mixtures. Other forms The single layer intermediate layers make all mineral or mineral bonded materials (e.g., mineral bonded lightweight board, mineral-bound and insulated leveling screed) as well as metallic Materials (e.g., trapezoidal sheets, sandwich panels). The multi-layered layers are a combination of the above-described single layer interlayers in FIG of any shape and / or arrangement. The choice of single-layer or multi-layered Intermediate layers is therefore only of the requirements of the wood-concrete composite systems dependent.

An advantage of the invention is the decoupling of the facing surfaces of the Holzbauteile and the concrete components by the embedded intermediate layer or Interlayers. Thus, building components in the concrete components of the Keep wooden components away. A wetting of the wooden components would be permanent Rotting and thus destruction of the entire wood-concrete composite systems cause. This is especially given in bridge construction.

Another advantage is that the intermediate layers at least in some Applications cavities, e.g. Cables, pipes, hoses, ducts and pipes, such as. Electricity, gas, water, air conditioning, electrical installation lines, include can be used for coupling to central systems. Thus can be corresponding supply lines in the "burden-neutral" Embed intermediate layers.

Another advantage lies in the thermal decoupling of the facing Surfaces of wooden components and concrete components through the embedded Interlayers. Experience has shown that in direct contact with wood and Concrete with Schwitzwasserbildungen to count on the long-term wood rot and thus cause the destruction of the wood-concrete composite system. This process leaves due to the arrangement of intermediate layers, e.g. mineral insulation in Prevent connection with overlying film. Especially in wall and Roof area provide such wood-concrete composite systems of the invention advantageous solution.

Another advantage is the physical decoupling of the facing Surfaces of wooden components and concrete components through the embedded Interlayers. Experience shows, for example, in conventional Wood-concrete composite ceilings additional "floating screeds" to Footfall sound insulation arranged on the composite ceiling. Through an intermediate layer In the form of a footfall sound insulation, it is possible the sound insulation of to improve wood-concrete composite system according to the invention and thus a extensive decoupling between the concrete components and the timber components produce. Thus, in many applications this can lead to a "floating Screed "be waived.

Another advantage is the increase of the "inner lever arm" of the wood-concrete composite system according to the invention by enlarging the Distance between the bending pressure and bending tension zone. Experience shows the stiffness of a composite system with increasing lever arm too. A inventive solution in the form of a box cross-section in conjunction with a Intermediate layer creates an incomparable rigidity of the wood-concrete composite system. Thus, wide-span support systems (e.g. Ceilings, bridges) with the solution according to the invention.

Another advantage is the bonding of two and more ends of the Connecting means with the wooden components. This not only the inherent rigidity the connecting means but also the composite stiffness between the Increased wooden components and concrete components. Only then can it be Use inventive connecting means in an economical manner.

Another advantage of the invention lies in the quasi-continuous connection between the wooden components and concrete components of the wood-concrete composite system. Thus, current limitations can be imposed on single-field systems (i.e., systems that use over a span or a floor height protrude) to be overcome. Let it go easily, e.g. alternating bending stresses of wall, wall and / or ceiling systems over several spans or floor heights form. Experience has shown that "continuous systems" are not only more economical but also more powerful than a single-frame system.

Another advantage is the at least partial bridging of structural Weak spots, such as Branches, inclusions, growth defects of the wood, in the Use case lead to a limitation of the entire wood-concrete composite system. Another advantage is the at least partial Bridging of manufacturing vulnerability, such as dovetailing, Openings, holes, which in the application to a limitation of the total Wood-concrete composite system performing.

The wood-concrete composite system according to the invention consists of wooden components and characterized at least on one side adjoining concrete components characterized that between the wooden components and concrete components at least partially and at least one single-layer intermediate layer is formed, which is at least partially creates a separation or decoupling of the materials wood and concrete. The The task of the intermediate layers is thus at least partially one geometric, mechanical and / or building physical decoupling of the materials To produce wood and concrete. However, this decoupling must not the Compound effect between wood and concrete substantially reduce, otherwise one economic solution can not be achieved. For this it is necessary at least one Connecting element by bonding at least one end with the Wooden components and a mechanical toothing of the connecting element by setting the cement paste in the concrete components to arrange. It is optionally a composite of the connecting elements with the intermediate layer or the Given intermediate layers. In a further embodiment of the invention it is also conceivable that the connecting means no association to the Have intermediate layers. It is also an embodiment of inventive composite system conceivable, wherein the connecting elements non-positively bonded to the concrete components.

The connecting means can be ordered and / or chaotic depending on the application to be ordered. The term "chaotic" is partly derived from mathematics taken over and does not mean ordered or not bound to rules. By way of example, the following are named as an arrangement: one behind the other, side by side, offset, longitudinal, transverse, diagonal, wavy, curved and / or scattered.

The fasteners are as flat body, grid and / or nets in straighter and / or odd shape of metals and / or plastics used. The Connecting elements can be at least partially straight, curved, wavy, be formed curved, kinked, bent and / or twisted. The Flat bodies can be at least partially perforated, punched, drilled, roughened, stretched, pulled and / or distorted trained.

An embodiment of the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention has For example, the plastic part to be anchored in the wood and the part to be anchored in the concrete mooring part of metal. In this case, the connecting element would be as Hybrid material (metal and plastic) to designate. Furthermore, it is conceivable the geometric shape of the connecting element in the timber component, the Intermediate layers and the concrete component form differently, so This gives different material and composite properties. Consequently It should be noted that, depending on the application, an anisotropic and inhomogeneous Configuration of the connecting elements is selected.

A further embodiment consists in the bonding of two or more ends of the Connecting elements according to the invention in and / or on the wooden components. As a result, in addition to the inherent stability of the connecting elements and the Increase the bond strength of wood-concrete composite systems.

A further embodiment of the invention consists therein, at least in partial areas the fasteners additional teeth, elevations and / or beads provided. Surprisingly, this has shown that this is a Positioning and / or fixing of the connecting elements in the corresponding Openings of the wooden components to the setting of the adhesive ensure läst. Of further, the leakage of the adhesive is prevented until setting. Thus, the fasteners can be glued in the factory and before the Transporting, interposing and / or assembling the bonding of the adhesive. This is also possible for wall or overhead applications.

The connecting means are by gluing in corresponding openings in fixed to the wooden components and / or on the wooden components. It is thus one Embodiment of the invention conceivable in the connecting elements in the Glued wooden components and others glued on the wooden components become. The bond is preferably by one- or two-component Produces adhesives. Some adhesives (e.g., epoxy resins, poly-urethane adhesives) are under appropriate load and climatic conditions from the glass transition effect affected. The glass transition effect describes a phenomenon in which the Adhesive at the appropriate temperature and simultaneous loading its Strength loses. An embodiment of the application according to the invention is in an energy supply of the adhesive joint of the connecting elements and / or the adjacent components during bonding or at a later date, thereby raising the glass transition effect to a higher temperature level and thereby increase or secure the composite effect. The energy supply For example, it can be localized by a stationary or mobile heat source (e.g., infrared) and / or surface. It is also conceivable the heat through Cable guides, which are in the timber components, the intermediate layers and / or to ensure the concrete components are located.

The wooden components of the wood-concrete composite system according to the invention exemplarily from individual elements in the form of a beam, a screed, a board, a square timber, a plate or a formwork and / or any Combination of the aforementioned individual elements in the form of multipart created composite cross-sectional shapes. There are the wooden components made of grown solid wood, wood materials and / or wood composites. Around the variety of the resulting variants of wood usage To clarify, a few are listed below: Solid wood, softwood, Hardwood, glulam, laminated veneer lumber, veneer strip, chipboard, Cement-bonded chipboard, chipboard, multilayer boards, OSB boards, Plastic composite wood panels, etc.

Another bandwidth of the embodiment is the gains of the Wooden components and / or concrete components e.g. by steel reinforcement and / or Plastic, prestressing steels, etc. It is conceivable these reinforcements in or to create on the wooden components or concrete components. Another embodiment The invention consists in the enhancement or amplification of natural and / or manufacturing weak points of the wood components further local measures, such as Preloads, reinforcements, Bridging and / or tension.

Another bandwidth of the embodiment is the generation of cavities or routing in the timber components, the intermediate layers and / or Concrete structures. The cavities can be exemplified by pipes, balls, channels and / or tubes are generated. The lines can be exemplified by cables, Tubes, channels and / or hoses are generated.

Another bandwidth of the embodiment of the invention is in the Pre-deformation (e.g., elevation, bending, curvature and / or bias) at least parts of the timber components, intermediate layers and / or Concrete components before or after the composite, thereby the later occurring Actions (and the resulting stresses and deformations) Installation and use at least partially counteract. Thus is to name, for example, an application where a single-field beam of a ceiling system before applying the fresh concrete a central elevation (generated by central Sprouting). The elevation increases after hardening of the concrete at a later time at least part of the elastic or plastic Compensate deflection of the single-carrier. By this method can be also create wide-stretched constructions.

The intermediate layers of the wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention can single-layered, multi-layered, loose and / or formed in a composite. The Intermediate layers are laid on top, rolled, poured, painted, sprayed and / or foamed in solid, liquid and / or gaseous form and / or subsequently introduced. A single-layer design includes i.a. Foil, impregnated paper, bitumen board, metal plates, plastic plates, Plastic insulation, mineral insulation, renewable insulating materials, Composite construction materials or hybrid materials (for example as individual elements, Plate elements, bulk material or rolls) or cast or painted materials that set at a later time or harden (for example, tar, oil, glue, plastic mixtures). multilayer Designs include any combinations of the aforementioned single-layered Versions loose and / or as composite.

The concrete components are u.a. made of normal concrete, high-strength concrete, prestressed concrete, Composite concrete, screed concrete, lightweight concrete, aerated concrete and / or asphalt concrete and In addition, mineral supplements, e.g. Plastics, Styrofoam, Wood exhibit. The production of the concrete components is in the factory or on the construction site possible. Furthermore, the concrete components can be partly in the factory and partly made on site. It is also conceivable that sections of the concrete components as prefabricated elements used in conjunction with locally concreted elements become.

A preferred bandwidth of the embodiment is the gains (e.g. Reinforcement of steel and / or plastic, prestressing steels) of the concrete components. Experience shows that only high tensile forces, moments and / or Initiate shear forces in the concrete components. Another embodiment is in the Generation of cavities (e.g., through pipes, balls, quaters, channels, and / or Hoses) for weight reduction, for the subsequent introduction of Lines and / or for subsequent bias or bias with can be used subsequent composite.

Another embodiment lies in the introduction of conduits (e.g., cables, pipes, Ducts and / or hoses) in the concrete components, which are thus used as electricity, heating, Engineering and / or supply lines can be used. Surprisingly, it has been shown that thereby also a subsequent Heating the wood-concrete composite systems can be generated, thereby reducing the Glass transition temperature of the adhesive used (for anchoring the Connecting elements in the wooden components).

A further embodiment of the invention consists of several layers of Wooden components, intermediate layers and / or concrete components one above the other and / or form next to each other.

The wood-concrete composite systems according to the invention can e.g. as a prop, Girder, beam, slab, wall, ceiling, roof, and / or bridge systems are formed and are depending on the design of e.g. to accommodate train, Compression, flexural, bending, torsional, and / or shear stresses suitable.

FIG. 1

Fig. 1 describes a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the wood-concrete composite system 100 according to the invention, which can be performed, for example, as a ceiling, wall and / or roof structure. The wood-concrete composite system 100 initially consists of wooden components 110 , in the form of beams 111 and a wood-based panel 112 . The beams 111 are connected in a non-positive manner to the wood-based panel 112 by gluing. The wood-based panel 112 is here exemplified in two places reinforced by internal reinforcements 120 in the form of synthetic fiber fabric.

The connecting elements 130 are formed as stamped and distorted flat body (also known as expanded metal) 131 made of metal, which have a kink 132 at half the height. The kink 132 is formed offset in the longitudinal direction and thus forms a fork 133 in the form of a Y (fork 133 appears when viewed in the longitudinal direction). Surprisingly, it has been found that the buckle 132, the height positioning of the connecting elements is given and a linear predetermined breaking point in the concrete component is avoided by the bifurcation 133 . Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found that in the bifurcation 133 a reinforcing steel (not shown here) can be inserted self-positioning, which increases the overall capacity of the wood-concrete composite system.

The intermediate layers 140 consist here by way of example of a dimensionally stable mineral wool 141 which are arranged between the beams 111 and a vapor-permeable foil 142 which covers the height-equalized beams 111 and mineral wool 141 and at the same time is connected in a form-fitting manner to the connecting elements 130, for example by adhesive tapes, without a frictional connection To provide connection to the connecting elements 130 . The intermediate layers 140 as mineral wool 141 have cavities 144 and 145 in the transverse and longitudinal direction, which serve as supply channels of building services. Surprisingly, it has been found that the cavities 145 can also be carried out in the transverse direction through the wooden beam 111 , since the composite effect bridges the cross-sectional slot.

A further component of the intermediate layers is exemplified by Styroporquater 143 disposed einragend on the film 142 between the bar 111 into the concrete components 150th

The concrete components 150 are formed here by way of example by a constant plate 151 with rib-like extensions 152 in the region of the connecting elements 130 . The concrete components 150 have reinforcements 153 in the form of welded mesh mats 154 , which rest on the connecting elements 130.
The concrete components 150 furthermore have cavities 155 and lines 156 , which serve, on the one hand, for the supply of heat and, on the other hand, for the subsequent reinforcement of the concrete components 150 . The cavities 155 are used to introduce appropriate prestressing steels in order to enable a positive subsequent reinforcement of the concrete components 150 . The leads 156 are used for indirect heating of the Verbindungselementverklebung, thereby increasing the material-related glass transition temperature of the adhesive and thereby increase the carrying capacity of the Verbindungselementverklebung under the influence of temperature.

The concrete components further include reinforcements 157 in the form of reinforcing steels, which are arranged between the connecting elements 130 by way of example. The reinforcing steels 157 serve in this exemplary application to additional absorption of transverse tensile stresses that may occur in the region of the connecting elements 130 . Furthermore, surprisingly, this results in an additional toothing between the connecting elements 130 and the concrete components 150 . A further embodiment (not shown here) consists in the passage of the reinforcing bars 157 through the openings (eg expanded metal openings) of the connecting elements 130 .

The wood-concrete composite systems 100 was here exemplarily made on site on the construction site as a ceiling system in which the individual wooden components 110 and intermediate layers 140 before concreting by an elevation (not shown, eg by support in the middle of the individual spans of the multi-field system increases ) were pre-formed to thereby counteract any later stress of the timber components during assembly and / or use of the system.

FIG. 2

Fig. 2 describes a perspective view of an embodiment of a portion of the wood-concrete composite system 200 according to the invention, which can be performed, for example, as a bridge or ceiling structure. The wood-concrete composite system 200 initially consists of a wooden component 210 , glued in the form of a glued laminated board 211 to the exemplary external reinforcements 212 in the form of carbon fiber reinforcements. The glulam panel 211 further shows, by way of example, cavities 213 and lines 214 which serve, on the one hand, for the power supply and, on the other hand, for the supply of heat. The cavities 213 are used to introduce appropriate electrical cables that can thus be invisibly guided by the wood-concrete composite systems.
The lines 214 are used for indirect heating of the Verbindungselementverklebung, thereby increasing the material-related glass transition temperature of the adhesive and thereby increase the carrying capacity of the Verbindungselementverklebung under the influence of temperature.

The connecting elements 220 are here exemplified as corrugated dimensionally stable plastic mesh 221 and formed as a bent metal mesh 223 . The metal meshes 223 are used by way of example in a partial area of the wood-concrete composite system in that high local stresses prevail. The plastic grids 221 are anchored at about one-third of their height, with one end in the wooden member 210 by gluing. The plastic grids 221 have been made such that the grid openings 222 in the wood material 210 and in the intermediate layers 230 have smaller dimensions (close-meshed) than in the concrete component 240 , thereby saving on adhesive in the anchoring in the wooden component (lower adhesive volume) and on the other to increase the intrinsic stability of the plastic grids 221 in the region of the intermediate layers 230 (no frictional lateral support). Surprisingly, the undulating shape provides, on the one hand, additional inherent stability and, on the other hand, further mechanical interlocking between the wooden components and concrete components to be joined. The plastic grids 221 have in the binding region of the wooden components 210 teeth (not shown here), which ensure a mechanical fixation of the connecting elements to the setting of the adhesive.

The metal grid 223 are glued here, for example, with two ends in corresponding openings (here slots or channels) of the timber components and thereby provide in itself a geometrically rigid shape and at the same time a very rigid connection between the timber members 210 and the concrete components 240th The metal mesh 223 have in the kerf between connecting element and wood, for example, a bead (not shown here), which prevents the adhesive from exiting.

The intermediate layers 230 consist here by way of example of a multilayer bitumen coating with embedded plastic film 231 and a PU rigid foam layer 232 , which was created by way of example from individually cut and laid in association panels.

The concrete components 240 are formed here by way of example by a constant plate 241 . The concrete components 240 have reinforcements 242 in the form of welded steel meshes 243 , which for example only rest on the connecting elements 220 . The concrete slab 241 further includes a localized reinforcement 244 in the form of a reinforcing steel 245 which has been laterally connected (for example, wire-knurled, not shown) prior to concreting and applying the reinforcing steel mat 243 to the securing member 220 .

The concrete components 240 furthermore have cavities 246 and lines 247 , which serve, on the one hand, for subsequent reinforcement and, on the other hand, for the climatic supply of the concrete components 240 . The cavities 246 are used to introduce appropriate prestressing steels in order to enable a non-positive subsequent reinforcement of the concrete components 240 . The position of the cavities 246 is dependent on the execution requirements and can be exemplified over, between and / or performed by the connecting elements 220 and / or 223 .

The lines 247 serve as an example - via a coupling with a corresponding climate control center - for the climatic supply of the wood-concrete composite system and its surroundings. As a result, energy-saving solutions for buildings and industrial buildings are made possible by way of example.

The wood-concrete composite system 200 was here prefabricated as an example in the factory as a precast and delivered as individual components Segmented to the site and mounted. Such prefabrication allows rapid construction of the structure without introducing additional moisture (eg mixing water of the reinforced concrete) in the wood-concrete composite system or buildings.

The individual wood-concrete composite systems can be used immediately at the construction site Assembly or some time later with each other and / or with other construction stages be positively and / or positively connected. That way too Create disc effects with segmented wood-concrete composite systems.

Claims (26)

Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) consisting of wood components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) and at least one adjacent thereto concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) characterized in that between the timber components (110 , 111, 112, 210, 211) and the concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) at least partially and / or at least one single-layer intermediate layer (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) is formed, which at least partially produces a decoupling of the materials wood and concrete. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wood components by at least one connecting element (130, 220, 223) frictionally with the intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) and the concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) are connected. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) by at least one connecting elements (130, 220, 223) frictionally with the concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) and have no statically significant connection to the intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) . Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the arrangement of the connecting element (130, 220, 223) or the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) ordered and / or chaotic (eg, consecutively, side by side, offset, longitudinal, transverse, diagonal, wavy, curved and / or scattered) may be formed. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) are formed straight and / or odd in the form of flat bodies, gratings and / or nets and at least one end by bonding in corresponding openings in the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) and / or on the surface of the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) are anchored. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the configuration of the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) in the region of the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211), intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) and / or concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) may be uniform (ie isotropic or homogeneous) and / or non-uniform (ie anisotropic or inhomogeneous). Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) in the region of the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) , intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) and / or concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) may have additional teeth, elevations and / or beads. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) and / or the bonds after gluing in the wooden components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) and / or be treated at a later time by an energy and / or heat supply, thereby the glass transition temperature of the adhesive used (for anchoring the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) in the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) serves to increase. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) from at least one single element in the form of a beam, a screed, a board, a squared timber, a plate or a formwork, and / or any combination of the aforementioned individual elements in the form of multi-part composite cross-sectional shapes. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the wooden components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) consist of grown solid wood, wood materials and / or wood composites. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq. , Characterized in that in and / or on the wooden components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) reinforcements (120, eg reinforcement made of steel and / or plastic, Prestressing steels), cavities (213, 214, eg through pipes, channels and / or hoses), and / or conduits (eg cables, pipes, channels and / or hoses). Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the natural and / or manufacturing weak points of the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) by further measures, such as a gain, bias, Reinforcement, bracing and / or training can be eliminated. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the timber components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211) prior to bonding with the adjacent intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) and / or concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) have pre-deformations (eg superelevation, bending, curvature and / or prestressing) which are the later occurring effects (and the resulting stresses and deformations) of the assembly and counteract the use at least partially. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) can be single-layer, multi-layer, loose and / or formed in a composite. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) placed, rolled, poured, painted, sprayed and / or foamed in solid, liquid and / or gaseous form can be applied and / or subsequently introduced. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) cavities (144, 145) (eg by pipes, channels and / or hoses), and / or conduits (eg, cables, pipes, channels, and / or hoses) used for weight reduction, for subsequent introduction of conduits, and / or for subsequent heating or cooling of the connectors. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 ff., Characterized in that the concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) of normal concrete, high-strength concrete, prestressed concrete, composite concrete, screed concrete, lightweight concrete, aerated concrete and / or Asphalt concrete exists or exist and if intentionally aggregates in non-mineral form, such as plastic, polystyrene, wood may have. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) are produced on site or as finished parts or partly as a finished part and for Part made on site. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq. , Characterized in that in the concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) reinforcements (153, 154, 157, 243, 244, 245) (eg reinforcement steel and / or plastic, tempering steels), cavities (155, 246) (eg through pipes, balls, quaters, channels and / or hoses), and / or pipes (156, 247) (eg cables, pipes, channels and / or hoses) are embedded. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the cavities (155, 246) can be used to reduce weight, for the subsequent introduction of lines and / or for subsequent bias or bias with subsequent composite. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 ff., Characterized in that the lines (156, 247) are used as power, heating, technology and / or supply lines for subsequent heating of the wood-concrete composite systems to thereby increasing the glass transition temperature of the adhesive used (for anchoring the connecting elements (130, 220, 223) in the wooden components). Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) are made on site or as finished parts or partly as a finished part and partly before Place to be made. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that these wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) Vorverformungen (eg elevation and / or bias), the later occurring effects (and the resulting resulting stresses and deformations) of assembly and use at least partially counteract. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that it consists of several layers of wood components (110, 111, 112, 210, 211), intermediate layers (140, 141, 142, 143, 230, 231, 232) and / or concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) may exist. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq. , Characterized in that it serves as a support, carrier, beam, plates, wall, ceiling, roof, and / or bridge systems. Wood-concrete composite systems (100, 200) according to claim 1 et seq., Characterized in that the timber components ( 110, 111, 112, 210, 211) and concrete components (150, 151, 152, 240, 241) tensile, pressure , Biegezug-, bending pressure, torsional, and / or shear stresses can accommodate.

Images