ITPD20130297A1 - PREFABRICATED WALL FOR BUILDING CONSISTS OF PLASTER, CONCRETE, POLYSTYRENE AND CONCRETE THAT CAN CONTAIN THE PLANTS, BE A TERMINAL OF THE HEATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING PLANT AND HAVE EXTERNAL VENTILATION. - Google Patents

Description

Description in Italian

Description attached to the patent application for industrial invention entitled: "Prefabricated building wall composed of gypsum, concrete, polystyrene and concrete able to contain the systems, to be a terminal for the heating and air conditioning system and have external ventilation."

Field of application:

The technical field of the invention relates to the prefabrication building sector. The present invention is the result of personal operation in the building sector, prefabrication and electrical and thermal systems.

State of the art:

The prefabricated walls currently on the market mainly concern industrial construction and are composed of two layers of reinforced concrete that contain the insulation. The state of the art of prefabricated walls essentially concerns those composed of several layers, which can contain good thermal insulation, which at most can contain electrical and sanitary systems, but have not yet become real elements of the heating system, capable of alone (with the boiler or heat pump) to provide both heating and air conditioning.

Wall composition description:

The wall relating to this patent is composed of a first internal layer of gypsum with a thickness of about 5 mm (fig. Point 1), followed by concrete (fig. Point 2) where the electrical and hydraulic systems are arranged and there is a coil pipe for winter heating and summer air conditioning; the next layer is of polystyrene (fig. point 3) followed at the end by a layer of concrete (fig. point 4) where there are pipes for the ventilation of the wall.

The wall is made on a prefabrication bench in a horizontal position and after the curing of the concrete casting it is raised in the vertical direction. This method makes it possible to insert in the first layer of concrete (towards the inside) the electrical systems which with their junction boxes act as spacers towards the electro-welded mesh. The cross-linked polyethylene or multilayer piping, which develops in the shape of a serpentine, is connected to this.

The pipes for the drainage of the bathrooms and the pipes for the mechanical ventilation of the rooms of the building can be inserted in the insulating layer of considerable thickness made with polystyrene.

In the second concrete layer, the ventilation piping is connected to the electro-welded mesh.

Compared to the prefabricated walls already present on the market, this is characterized in the first concrete layer by the set of the following characteristics: absence of thermal bridges between the two layers of concrete, insertion of the systems and (as a novelty) insertion of the piping for heating and air conditioning of the environments. The second layer of concrete containing water-repellent additive and is characterized (as a novelty) by the insertion of pipes for ventilation.

The dead works for the windows and sills are already inserted in the wall. The wall arrives on site finished both internally and externally without requiring further processing,

benefits:

The described technology allows to obtain performances that can hardly be achieved in the traditional way with the insertion of the coil for the heating and air conditioning on the wall.

The insertion of the serpentine-shaped pipe into the internal concrete layer allows the heating system to be reduced to the generator only; the insertion of pipes in the outer layer of concrete for wall ventilation considerably reduces the transmission of heat to the interior of the building in the hot season.

The considerable thickness of the insulation (greater than 25 cm) allows to obtain the thermal transmission coefficient of less than 15 W / m <2> K, contributing to the construction of a passive building from an energy point of view.

Compared to traditional technologies, building in this way significantly reduces construction times. The plants are already assembled during the manufacturing process, the costs are thus reduced for the reduction of assembly times and for the production of little waste on site.

The systems installed directly in the workshop guarantee higher quality than traditional systems.

As the insulation is confined between two layers of concrete, it is protected against any mechanical action and deterioration and therefore is destined to last longer than external insulation.

The wall being made of concrete and polystyrene does not fear the rising capillarity of traditional masonry.

The cost of the wall is lower than that of a traditional one.

Equipment for the realization of the product:

For the realization of the wall it is necessary to have:

N. 1 self-lifting workbench

N. 1 forklift for lifting 100 quintals

N. 1 mixer for making concrete

Manual equipment for laying concrete

Manual equipment for plant installation

Execution

We must start with the meticulous design of the whole complex on an adequate scale that will be used to set the measurements on the prefabrication bench.

After having sprayed a release oil on the prefabrication bench, we will start with the drafting of the first layer of liquid gypsum; before its complete solidification, the formworks will be positioned for the holes in the windows or doors and the relative sills.

Subsequently, the electro-welded mesh of the first reinforced concrete layer must be positioned to which the shaped rods that will connect this layer with the second concrete layer must be attached; the electrical and sanitary systems and the heating pipe coil will be attached to this same network. This will be followed by the pouring of concrete admixed with superplasticizer in order to make it almost self-leveling and able to adhere to the gypsum. The next day, once the concrete has hardened, the polystyrene can be inserted so as not to allow the formation of thermal bridges. The second layer of electro-welded mesh will be positioned on top of the polystyrene on which the ventilation pipes will be connected, which also act as spacers.

This will be followed by the casting of concrete with water-repellent additive which can have various finishes and can be worked with the molded concrete technique.

The construction time of a wall ranges from a minimum of 2 days in the summer with a temperature above 25 ° Celsius to a week if the temperature is a few degrees above 0 ° Celsius.

Innovative elements of this prefabricated wall:

The innovative elements concern the use of prefabrication to provide the wall with properties that can hardly be obtained with traditional procedures relating to the insertion into the wall of electrical and sanitary systems, of the coil-shaped pipe for winter heating and summer conditioning and of the piping for external ventilation of the wall.

All these plant elements have not so far been used all together in prefabrication and transform a wall into a system for regulating the internal temperature of the building by reducing the heating system to the installation of just the boiler or heat pump.

Claims (1)

Claims in Italian 1) Prefabricated wall composed of gypsum (fig. Point 1), concrete (fig. Point 2) with the insertion of electrical and plumbing systems and a cross-linked or multilayer polyethylene pipe arranged in the shape of a coil connected to the winter heating system and summer air conditioning, polystyrene (fig. point 3) with the insertion of the drainage pipe of the sanitary system and the pipe for the mechanical ventilation of the rooms and for the air conditioning, concrete with the insertion of pipes for ventilation external wall (fig. point 4).