EP1528031B1 - Releasable fastening of a cable onto a drum - Google Patents

Abstract

The releasable fastening of especially a wire cable (2) to a cable drum (1), has a connecting piece through which the cable is fastened by a thickened section to the drum in the region of a through-hole in the drum. The connecting piece (4) is detachably fastened in the through-hole (1a), and the connecting piece is locked in the through-hole through the thickened section (2a) which is fastened to the connecting piece. The connecting piece is pushed into the through-hole from the outside and retained therein with positive locking, and the thickened section is fastened with positive locking on a part of the connecting piece protruding from the through-hole.

Description

The invention relates to a releasable attachment of a rope to a cable drum according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a fastening is from the GB 121 357 A known.

Cable fasteners on winding drums or rope drums of a hoist are for safety reasons machine elements with very high quality requirements; Their design is prescribed in DIN 15020 and in EN 14492-2. At the lowest position of a support means at least 2 cable coils still need to lie on the winding drum, the Seilendbefestigung must be performed on the winding drum so that taking into account the friction of the remaining on the winding drum turns 2.5 times the cable pull force, with a coefficient of friction between wire rope and pad of μ = 0.1 can be recorded. Guidelines and sizing of the attachment are set forth, for example, in Steel Iron Worksheet (SEB) 666211. Here, the rope ends are usually annealed or wrapped with wire.

It is known to provide the cable end with a pressed-thickening, usually cylindrical end sleeves made of different materials, which also serves for easy insertion through a substantially transverse through the drum wall passage opening into the interior of the winding drum, where the rope end with its thickening in one, taken in the rope drum made of a casting material, cast recess and is releasably retained if necessary. Such a solution is for example in the German patent DE 101 07 390 C1 described.

The pressed-on thickenings of the cable ends, also referred to as compression sleeves, can transmit greater tensile forces on the drum with the same space requirements, as the most commonly used cable clamps with screw fastening to SEB 666211. Because fewer Befestigungswindungen are needed than at Screw terminals, the press sleeves used allow for the same usable rope length overall shorter drum lengths, which makes a cost advantage and a cheaper space utilization possible. In addition, when using ferrules the assembly cost when attaching the cable end to the cable drum compared to the solution with screw clamp can be significantly reduced. Another advantage of the compression sleeve is the fact that you can recognize the correct, positive mounting widths and the risk of incorrectly tightened and, for example, by setting effects not permanently secured screws is excluded.

The from the German patent DE 101 07 390 C1 Known Seilendbefestigung provides, in the circumference of the drum tube specially molded pockets, which receive the press sleeves. However, this assumes that the drum tube is manufactured as a casting, which is not always the case today. It is very often, not least for cost reasons, rope drums made of seamless rolled tubes or from round rolled, welded longitudinally welded sheets. At such a cable drums, the attachment of the press sleeves in the manner described above is not possible.

This applies equally to a solution, like the U.S. Patent 2,329,943 describes, and in which also a cast cable drum is used. When Seilendbefestigung described therein, the force applied to the cable end press sleeve is held after passing through the passage opening of a connector which is bolted in a molded recess of the cable drum in the region of the intended passage opening for the cable end. The connector closes the passage opening so far that the thickening of the cable end is blocked and held inside the winding drum. Connector and winding drum are complicated and adapted to each other adapted moldings, with which a release of the Seilendbefestigung of the drum is indeed possible, the production and use of which is complicated and expensive.

The DE 625 612 discloses a device for securing a cable end to a cable drum, in which an approximately C-shaped cable hook hooked into a keyhole-shaped slot in the cable drum and by turning 180 ° in the slot is determined. In the rope hook, the rope is attached by means of a rope thimble.

The DE 687 945 discloses the attachment of a rope in a screwed to the cable drum mount by means of a Seilendverdickung.

Starting from a detachable Seilendbefestigung the type described above, the object of the invention is to provide a low effort and quickly detachable Seilendbefestigung. Preferably, this Seilendbefestigung should also be used on non-cast winding drums made of seamless or longitudinally welded pipes, without having to forego advantages of the known attachments of the cable ends on cast winding drums. The attachment of the rope ends should also be possible with non-cast winding drum tubes when the drums are closed at their ends or inaccessible for other reasons inside.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

A particularly simple design and safe operation of the cable end connection is achieved in that the connection piece is locked in the passage opening by the cable end thickening attached to the connection piece.

For attachment of the rope end, the connection piece is provided in its outwardly projecting region with an approximately tangential to the winding drum bore through which the cable is passed and to which the Seilendverdickung of the rope in the longitudinal direction of the cable is positively fixed according to a further feature of the invention.

According to a favorable feature of the invention it is provided that the bore is stepped and has an annular bearing surface on which an end face of the rope end thickening rests positively.

It is particularly favorable if, according to another feature of the invention, the bore is slotted outwardly in its longitudinal extension in a width corresponding to the rope diameter, and the rope can be inserted from the outside into the fork-shaped slotted bore. This makes it possible to insert the Seilendverdickung directly into the mounting hole without having to pull the entire rope in full length through the mounting hole.

According to a further advantageous feature of the invention, it is provided that the dimensions of the connection piece and passage opening are matched to one another in such a way that the connection piece can be inserted from outside into the passage opening and can be held in a form-fitting manner within the cable drum laterally of the passage opening. By positively holding in the form of a gripping an automatic release of this fastener from the through hole of the drum tube should be avoided.

To achieve this, it is proposed according to a ausgestaltenden feature of the invention that for engaging behind the connecting piece of this at its passage opening inwardly through the region is provided with at least one radially extending projection, which in opposite to the longitudinal axis of the passage opening obliquely fitting through the Passage opening can be passed and locks in the position of use pulling out of the connection piece by applying to the inner wall of the winding drum.

This type of attachment allows a quick release of the fitting from the drum, without having to loosen screws and just as fast fastening the fitting to the drum from the outside, d. H. without the drum having to be accessible from the inside. Nevertheless, the connection between the cable end and the drum via the connector is extremely strong and reliable, even if winding drums made of steel tubes are used.

Favorable fastenings arise when, according to the invention, two opposing projections of the connecting piece engage behind the passage opening in such a way that, after the insertion of the connecting piece into the passage opening, they bear on both sides of the opening on the inner wall of the drum.

The Seilendverdickung can be formed in a conventional manner according to the invention by a arranged at the end of the rope compression sleeve. These press sleeves are known in terms of their design and installation at the end of the rope, so they need not be further explained here.

The press sleeves used are dimensioned so that they transmit at least 85% of the minimum breaking force of the wire rope. As a result, the transmissible cable tensile force is so great that according to the applicable calculation rules for such Seilendbefestigungen no reduction of the cable tensile force by friction on the drum tube is required. This means that the number of fastening windings at the end of the drum can be limited to two turns to comply with the regulations. The two turns provide additional security with respect to the rope traction force that can be removed with this cable end attachment.

In addition, according to the invention, the thickened end of the rope in the bore of the fitting against slipping be ensured that on the thickened end of the rope opposite side of the connecting piece a clamping sleeve can be placed on the rope whose outer diameter is greater than the inner diameter of the bore. After inserting the thickened rope end or the compression sleeve into the widened receiving bore of the connecting piece, this clamping sleeve is displaced on the rope in a flush manner against the connecting piece and is preferably pressed thereon. The attachment For example, by crimping using a commercial pliers, whereby the rope end is fixed non-positively in its position in the connector.

Before replacing the wire rope in case of damage, the clamping ring must first be destroyed or forcibly moved. Only then can the rope end with the compression sleeve be removed from the connection piece. The ropes used are therefore in addition to the compression sleeve also equipped with the loosely slid clamping ring, which is pushed in the same operation before crimping the compression sleeve over the rope end.

Another assurance of the fitting is achieved according to an alternative embodiment of the invention in that an angled tab with an eye for the rope is pushed onto the rope in such a way that in the installed position of the connector of a leg of the tab transverse to the rope between the thickened end of the rope and the connecting piece is positioned and the other angled leg of the tab engages transversely to the passage opening in this and the end face on the inside of the passage opening adjacent a levering of the connecting piece prevented. The tab is preferably pushed before squeezing the compression sleeve and optionally after pushing the clamping sleeve on the rope and pressed with the thickened end against the connector, where it is held by the pressed from the other side against the fitting clamping sleeve.

The invention provides with little effort a fast detachable Seilendbefestigung also on winding drums of seamless or longitudinally welded pipes. In the wall of these tubes, only a through hole for receiving the connection piece must be introduced, a hole that requires a minimum of effort, measured on a complex casting. The attachment of the cable ends to the outwardly projecting connector is also possible if the winding drum is closed at their end faces or inaccessible in their interior for other reasons.

Figur 1

einen Seilzug mit einer Seiltrommel und einer erfindungsgemäßen Seilendbefestigung,

Figur 2

einen Halbschnitt durch die Seiltrommel nach Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine Ansicht U auf ein Anschlussstück einer Seilendbefestigung nach Figur 2,

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht von Figur 3 ohne Seil,

Figur 5

eine Seitenansicht von Figur 3 mit Seil,

Figuren 6a bis 6e

den Einbauvorgang des Anschlussstückes in das Seiltrommelrohr,

Figuren 7a bis 7c

jeweils eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung von Figur 2 aus dem Bereich des Anschlussstückes und

Figuren 8a bis 8d

verschiedene Detailansichten eines Anschlussstückes in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described below. It shows:

FIG. 1

a cable with a cable drum and a Seilendbefestigung invention,

FIG. 2

a half-section through the cable drum after FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

a view U on a connector of a Seilendbefestigung after FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4

a side view of FIG. 3 without rope,

FIG. 5

a side view of FIG. 3 with rope,

FIGS. 6a to 6e

the installation process of the connector in the cable drum tube,

FIGS. 7a to 7c

in each case an enlarged detail of FIG. 2 from the area of the connecting piece and

FIGS. 8a to 8d

various detail views of a connector in an alternative embodiment.

The FIG. 1 shows a cable with a cable drum 1 and a winding drum. On the cable drum 1, a rope 2, preferably wire rope is wound, which is acted upon by a cable tensile force S, resulting for example from a load to be lifted. The cable drum 1 is rotatably mounted at its two opposite ends in a housing 3. At one longitudinal end of the cable drum 1, the cable end of the cable 2 is attached via a connecting piece 4 to the cable drum 1.

In addition, a concentric with the cable drum 1 and arranged with the along the longitudinal axis of the cable drum 1 as a result of winding and unwinding of the rope 2 migratory run-off point of the rope 2 of the cable drum 1 mitwandernder cable guide ring 5 is provided with a pressure roller 5a in the usual way in unloaded rope 2 (slack rope) a displacement of the rope 2 in the circumferential direction on the cable drum 1 is prevented.

The total length L of the cable is usually carried out as small as possible and is largely determined by the drum length L1, which is composed of the usable length L4, the dead length L2 in the highest load position and the dead length L3 in the lowest load position.

The FIG. 2 shows a half-section through the cable drum 1 in the amount of Seilendbefestigung with the connector 4 in the operating position. The connector 4 is inserted into a through hole 1 a in the cable drum 1 and has the task, on the one hand to receive the end of the rope 2 with a Seilendverdickung 2a and on the other hand to transmit the rope forces with the cable drum 1 preferably in a form-fitting engagement. The essentially hammerhead bolt-shaped connecting piece 4 is provided in its head region with two oppositely extending and radially extending projections 4c and 4d, which engage behind the inner edges of the through-hole 1a in the operating position when the connecting piece 4 is inserted in the through-hole 1a in the cable drum 1 and thus find positive fit in the passage opening 1a. Here, the projections 4c and 4d and the through hole 1a are dimensioned so that the projections 4c and 4d at opposite the longitudinal axis of the through hole 1a obliquely placed connector 4 through the through hole 1 a can be passed (see FIGS. 6a to 6e ), but in the operating position, a withdrawal of the connector 4 from the through hole 1 a prevent. In the operating position, the longitudinal axis of the connecting piece 4 is aligned radially to the cable drum 1 or coaxial with the axis of the through hole 1a.

The end of the cable 2 is fastened to the region of the connecting piece 4 projecting outwardly from the passage opening 1a of the cable drum 1 in the operating line. For this purpose, on the one hand at the end of the wire rope 2 a Seilendverdickung 2a mounted in the form of a compression sleeve and on the other hand in the outstanding region of the connecting piece 4 in the operating position of the connecting piece 4 tangentially to the cable drum 1 extending bore 4b provided. The bore 4b is formed stepped in the longitudinal direction and begins, seen from below, initially with a diameter which corresponds approximately to the diameter of the rope 2, and then widens stepwise to a diameter which corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the compression sleeve of Seilendverdickung 2a. Due to the step-like diameter widening an annular bearing surface 4e for a corresponding end face 2c of the Essentially cylindrical Seilendverdickung 2a created over the then the cable forces S are introduced into the connector 4.

Furthermore, from the FIG. 3 , which is a view U from above on the connector 4 after FIG. 2 shows, it can be seen that the side of the two diameter ranges of the bore 4b is followed by an outwardly open slot 4a. This slot 4a is open away from the projections 4c and 4d of the connector 4. The width of the slot 4a corresponds approximately to the diameter of the cable 2, so that the cable 2 does not have to be threaded through the hole 4b for mounting the Seilendbefestigung, but can be pushed laterally through the slot 4a in the connector 4. In order to bring the rope end thickening 2a with its end face 2c into contact with the bearing surface 4e of the bore 4b, the cable 2 is then tightened accordingly through the bore 4b.

On the press sleeve 2a opposite side of the connecting piece 4, a clamping sleeve 2b was pressed onto the rope 2, which prevents lifting out of the compression sleeve 2a from the receiving bore 4b.

In the FIG. 4 is an end portion of the cable drum 1 without rope 2 from the region of the through hole 1 a shown. It can be seen that the passage opening 1a is formed as a cylindrical bore.

A the the FIG. 4 corresponding end portion is in the FIG. 5 shown, but together with the rope 2 and the cable guide 5. The cable guide 5 has a spring-loaded pressure roller 5a in the vicinity of the cable drain point 6, which presses radially on the rope 2 and the cable 2 in the cable groove 7 of the cable drum 1. Between the connector 4 and the cable drain point 6 are the turns of Seilendbefestigung, within which the cable pull S degrades friction in the rope groove 7 according to the Eytelwein's equation. It is thus achieved that the residual cable pulling force remaining on the connecting piece 4 is only a part of the original cable pulling force S.

In the FIG. 5 is also a part of the frame 3 is shown, which prevents access to the interior of the cable drum 1. This shows the need to form the connector 4 so that it can be inserted from the outside into the through hole 1 a.

The insertion of the connecting piece 4 in the through hole 1 a is in FIGS. 6a to 6e shown in individual steps in the order of the installation process. Visible, the connecting piece 4 is tilted with its longitudinal axis relative to the longitudinal axis of the through hole 1a initially upwards to the upper radial projection 4c of the connector 4 through the through hole 1a to stick (see FIG. 6a ). Subsequently, the lower radial projection 4d passes through the through hole 1a (see FIG. 6b ). After the radial projections 4 c and 4 d have passed through opening 1a, the connector 4 is pivoted back in the direction of the axis of the through hole 1 a, whereby the projections 4 c and 4 d from the inside against the wall of the cable drum 1 create (see FIG. 6c ). In the next step (see FIG. 6d ), the rope 2 is laterally through the slot 4a (see FIG. 3 ) is inserted into the connecting piece 4 and then the compression sleeve 2 a pulled down into the extension of approximately tangent to the cable drum 1 bore 4 b. In order to fix the compression sleeve 2a in this position, (see FIG. 6e ) the previously pushed onto the rope 2 clamping sleeve 2b, as shown by the arrow P in the FIG. 6e recognizable pushed from below against the connector 4 and squeezed there with a commercial pliers. As a result, then the connector 4 and the wire 2 are set in this position.

In the FIGS. 7a to 7c is in each case an enlarged detail of FIG. 2 shown from the region of the connecting piece 4. These figures show that by choosing the dimensions of the connecting piece 4, the through hole 1 a and the Seilendverdickung 2a to one another effectively prevented even in a floppy rope 2, that even if the cable guide 5 should not be present, the connector 4 from the Through hole 1a is levered out in the cable drum 1.

In Figure 7a It can be seen that in the wide part of the bore 4b of the connector 4 inserted Seilendverdickung 2a acts as a lock to prevent loosening of the connector 4 from the through hole 1 a. The cable drum 1 side facing the Seilendverdickung 2a encloses with the connector 4, in particular its upper radial projection 4c, the inner edge of the through hole 1a u-shaped. Since the upper radial projection 4c tapers upwards, that of the rope end thickening widens as well 2a and the upper radial projection 4c limited receiving gap 9 for the inner edge of the through hole 1a accordingly. The width of the gap 9 is in principle less than the thickness of the cable drum 1 and extends upward beyond the thickness of the cable drum 1 addition. Thus, with the cable connection 2a inserted, the connecting piece 4 can only be displaced upward by a small distance h in the circumferential direction of the cable drum 1, so that the lower radial projection 4d can not leave the through hole 1a to the outside.

Should, contrary to expectations, the lower radial projection 4d be passed over the inner edge of the through hole 1a in the through hole 1a, as in FIG. 7b shown, the connector 4 has already been pivoted slightly upwards. However, further pivoting of the connecting piece 4, which is necessary for leaving the through hole 1a, is prevented by the cable end thickening 2a resting in the bore 4b. A pivoting of the connecting piece 4 is limited by a contact of the cable drum 1 facing the Seilendverdickung 2a with the outside of the cable drum 1 at an angle a, which is so small that a further levering out of the connecting piece 4 from the through hole 1a is impossible.

In the FIGS. 8a to 8d different detail views of a connector 4 are shown in an alternative embodiment. Compared with the connector 4 shown in the preceding figures, a Heraushebein of the connector 4 from the through hole 1 a by using a tab 8 is avoided here. This tab 8 can also be used in addition. For this purpose, the tab 8 is formed so that it rests against the upper inner edge of the through hole 1a and thereby prevents the connection piece 4 can be moved in the circumferential direction of the drum tube of the cable drum 1 upwards (see FIGS. 8a and 8d ). The tab 8 is formed as an angle piece, which in the FIG. 8d clearly seen, which is a sectional view of FIG. 8c along the section line cc shows. One of the two angles of the flap 8 is provided with an eye 10, which is pushed over the wire rope 2, before the compression sleeve 2a has been pressed. After the connector 4 in the in the FIGS. 6a to 6e shown manner was inserted into the through hole 1 a, the wire rope 2 is retracted with the pressed-compression sleeve 2 a in the bore 4 b in the connector 4, wherein the tab 8, as in the FIG. 8d recognizable with her upwardly angled leg in the passage opening 1a inserts and fixes the connector 4 against falling out. With the further cuts aa (see FIG. 8b ) and bb (see FIG. 8c ) the function of the tab 8 is additionally clarified.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cable drum

1a

Through opening

2

rope

2a

cable end

2 B

collet

2c

face

3

frame

4

connector

4a

slot

4b

drilling

4c

radial projection

4d

radial projection

4e

bearing surface

5

cable guide

6

Cable departure point

7

cable groove

8th

flap

9

gap

10

eye

H

distance

L

Total length of the cable

L1

Length of the cable drum

L2

Dead length with fully wound drum

L3

Dead length with unwound rope

L4

usable drum length

P

arrow

S

line pull

α

angle

Claims (11)

1. Releasable fastening for fastening a cable, and in particular a wire cable, to a cable drum, having a through-opening arranged in the cable drum, and having a thickening at the end of the cable and a connecting piece by means of which the cable is releasably fastened to the cable drum in the region of the through-opening by the thickening at its end, the connecting piece (4) being releasably fastened in place in the through-opening (1 a) and the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable being releasably fastened against the connecting piece (4), characterised in that the connecting piece (4) is locked in the through-opening (1 a) by the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable which is fastened against the connecting piece (4).
2. Releasable fastening according to claim 1, characterised in that the connecting piece (4) is inserted in the through-opening (1 a) from outside and is held in the through-opening (1a) by positive interengagement, and a part of the connecting piece (4) projects outwards from the through-opening (1 a) and the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable is fastened against the projecting region of the connecting piece (4) by positive interengagement.
3. Releasable fastening according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the connecting piece (4) is provided in its projecting region with a hole (4b) which extends approximately tangentially to the cable drum (1), through which the cable (2) can be passed and against which the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable (2) can be locked by positive interengagement (4a) in the longitudinal direction of the cable.
4. Releasable fastening according to claim 3, characterised in that the hole (4b) is of a stepped form and has an annular supporting surface (4e) on which one endface (2c) of the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable rests in positive interengagement.
5. Releasable fastening according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the hole (4b) is provided along its longitudinal extent with a slot (4a) which is of a width corresponding to the diameter of the cable (2), and the cable (2) can be inserted in the hole (4b), which is slotted in the form of a fork, from outside.
6. Releasable fastening according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the dimensions of the connecting piece (4) and the through-opening (1a) are matched to one another in such a way that the connecting piece (4) can be inserted in the through-opening (1a) from outside and can be held, inside the cable drum (1), in the through-opening (1a) by positive interengagement.
7. Releasable fastening according to claim 6, characterised in that, in its region which passes inwards through the through-opening (1 a), the connecting piece (4) is provided with at least one projection (4c, 4d) which extends sideways and radially, which can be passed through the through-opening (1a) when the connecting piece (4) is positioned obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the through-opening (1a), and which, when the connecting piece (4) is in its operating position, in which the longitudinal direction of the connecting piece (4) is radially aligned relative to the cable drum (1), blocks any withdrawal of the connecting piece (4) from the through-opening (1 a).
8. Releasable fastening according to claim 7, characterised in that, seen from the outside, two oppositely situated projections (4c, 4d) fit behind the through-opening (1 a).
9. Releasable fastening according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable (2) is formed by a pressed sleeve arranged at the end of the cable (2).
10. Releasable fastening according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable (2) is secured, in the hole (4b) in the connecting piece (4), against slipping out by virtue of the fact that a clamped sleeve (2b), which can preferably be pressed on and whose outside diameter is greater than the inside diameter of the hole (4b), can be placed on the cable (2) on the opposite side of the connecting piece (4) from the thickened end (2a) of the cable.
11. Releasable fastening according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that an angled strip (8) having an eye (10) for the cable (2) can be slid onto the cable (2) in such a way that, when the connecting piece (4) is in the operating position, one limb of the strip (8) is positioned transversely to the cable (2), between the thickening (2a) at the end of the cable and the connecting piece (4), and the other, angled, limb of the strip (8) engages in the through-opening (1a) transversely thereto and prevents the connecting piece (4) from being levered out by resting, at its end, against the inside of the through-opening (1 a).

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