EP1527240B1 - Process for manufacturing interconnectable building parts and set of building parts with connecting elements - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing interconnectable building parts and set of building parts with connecting elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1527240B1 EP1527240B1 EP03732391A EP03732391A EP1527240B1 EP 1527240 B1 EP1527240 B1 EP 1527240B1 EP 03732391 A EP03732391 A EP 03732391A EP 03732391 A EP03732391 A EP 03732391A EP 1527240 B1 EP1527240 B1 EP 1527240B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- groove
- tongue
- arrangement according
- connecting means
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
- E04F15/02011—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips with joint fillings integrated in the flooring elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02005—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
- E04F15/02016—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips with sealing elements between flooring elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
- E04F2201/0115—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges with snap action of the edge connectors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
- E04F2201/044—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues or grooves comprising elements which are not manufactured in one piece with the sheets, plates or panels but which are permanently fixedly connected to the sheets, plates or panels, e.g. at the factory
- E04F2201/049—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues or grooves comprising elements which are not manufactured in one piece with the sheets, plates or panels but which are permanently fixedly connected to the sheets, plates or panels, e.g. at the factory wherein the elements are made of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
- E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
- E04F2201/0529—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape the interlocking key acting as a dovetail-type key
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing interconnectable components as well as an arrangement of components with connecting elements according to the preamble of claim 2.
- plate-shaped components for example panel panels, floor panels, cladding panels, trim strips or the like are understood in particular for the wall-ceiling or floor cladding of buildings of all kinds.
- Such components may be single or multilayer boards or strips of wood-based or wood-based (laminates), in particular chipboard, MDF, HDF, OSB, hardboard or plywood panels, which may be coated on one or both outer surfaces ,
- the coating, the so-called wear layer can be done with plastic plates, solid wood, veneers made of wood or plastic or paper, etc.
- the invention particularly relates to the specific type of training and Manufacture of the components and the connecting elements in order to hold the components in an interconnected state optimally in position, but to be able to solve the components from each other if necessary.
- the protruding beyond at least one side edge of the panel spring is particularly susceptible to damage, since they can strike particularly hard against obstacles because of their small cross-section and the great weight of a panel. This applies to the manufacture, transport and installation. Also prone to the groove, since the panel has a reduced wall thickness in the region of the groove. The outer walls of the groove may even be thinner than the cross section of the spring.
- Damaged springs or those made of water-permeable or water-absorbing material also make the tongue and groove joint more permeable to water. Spilled water on the joint therefore penetrates more easily into the frequently liquid-absorbing middle layers (core) of the panel, which therefore swells and becomes unsightly. The moisture can also penetrate through the tongue and groove connection and hold on the underside of the panels for a long time. This moisture evades the observation or elimination and can cause the long-term typical for moisture damages, such as mold, bacteria, efflorescence, leaching.
- EP 1 024 234 discloses such panels with a tongue and groove connection, wherein locking means are provided for locking on the grooves and springs. Since the grooves and springs, together with the locking means, are milled integrally from the core made of HDF or MDF, the strength properties of the grooves and springs are determined by the material properties of the core of the panel. Therefore, the core of the panel is harder, stronger, heavier and more expensive than necessary for a floor covering, for example, in view of the strength of the connecting and locking means necessary for secure connection.
- US 5,295,341 discloses panels in which the fasteners are strip-like connected to the edges of the panels, so that the materials for panels and Vietnamesesungsmittel- can be optimized respectively.
- hook-like anchors are formed on the connecting strips, which engage in undercuts in the panels. Such geometry with undercuts is very expensive to manufacture.
- WO-A-00/20706 and WO-A-00/20705 disclose floor panels which can be interconnected via separate connection profiles by moving the longitudinal edges horizontally toward one another or by vertically lowering the longitudinal edges.
- the connecting means must therefore on both sides, ie with the longitudinal edges of two profiles to be connected, lock. This increases the Hersfiellungsierwand, as the factory on a longitudinal side of a profile, the separate connection means must be attached. Otherwise, the effort for the installer on site increases, as this immediately before Assembly the connecting means must first connect on one side with a panel and later on the other side with the panel to be connected, the connecting means are therefore not firmly connected on both sides with the panel, so that the risk of unlocking doubles and the connection less rigid and firm. In addition, more processing steps per connection must be made, namely for two springs and two grooves. To make a connection usually a groove and a spring are sufficient
- each panel has a spring which is coated with a foreign material. By this foreign material locking elements are formed, which allow the positive connection.
- the invention provides an arrangement of connecting means, in particular einschnappbare connecting means, connectable components.
- the spring is made of a different material as the respective component with which the spring is permanently connected, it is possible for both the components and the springs in terms of requirement and cost to select optimal materials independently, the manufacturing cost reduces, since only a groove and a spring, which are necessary for releasable connection, must be made.
- the connecting means may for example consist of PVC, plastics and the like, which is harder than the core of the panels and produced on a special milling machine (eg pencil milling machine).
- a special milling machine eg pencil milling machine
- the particularly heavy and / or stable material is only processed at the point where it is actually needed, while the core of the panel is made of lighter and cheaper material.
- the weight of the panels is a significant economic factor as it affects the cost of transportation and the price of the product, as well as consumer acceptance. Consequently, there is a high potential for savings in that one equips only the positive or high-viscosity part with high mechanical strength.
- the connecting means in the form of a spring made of a different material than the respective component is inextricably connected to the respective associated component, errors during assembly are avoided.
- the connecting means can not slip or displace along the longitudinal side, and liquid which gets into the joint of two components is prevented from penetrating deeper into the component or from getting under the component and causing further damage there.
- Such an insoluble compound can be achieved in particular by positive locking.
- positive locking is particularly economical manufacturable and very firm when the connecting means are brought in the liquid or soft state with the respective component in contact.
- the liquid bonding agent penetrates into openings and pores of the component, so that there is a connection by positive locking. Similar strength can be achieved by gluing.
- the form-fit succeeds particularly effective when the still liquid or which connecting means in grooves with or without Schuschnehlen of the component, in particular along the front or longitudinal side of a plate-shaped member is introduced.
- Grooves without undercuts are particularly easy and fast, for example, coming from the front over the entire length of the front page to manufacture. Grooves with undercuts are more expensive to manufacture, but keep the introduced therein fasteners particularly strong.
- the inner contour of the grooves can also be shaped differently, for example by milling, breaking or inaccurate methods. This makes the machining easier, cheaper and faster and the strength of the seat increases. On very precise editing tools can therefore be dispensed with.
- the components can be assembled more easily.
- a projecting leg on the underside of a component can in fact serve as a guide when the components move toward each other.
- connection means are unequal in shape, that is to say projecting, a higher load capacity of the connection means in the direction of the projecting leg results.
- a protruding leg on the underside of a component can, for example, intercept the loads occurring when entering the component.
- the connecting means is made of extrudate, which can be brought into contact with the component in the still soft state when leaving the extruder in order to connect to this.
- Extrudates are usually molded parts produced by means of an extruder. While such moldings normally initially harden in their final form before intermingling with other components be connected, it is advantageously provided to connect them in the still soft or liquid state with the component. In this case, it is not necessary for the extruder to have a specific profile. Rather, it is important that the liquid or which extrudate is introduced into the groove of a component, and connects with this by filling. If the front side, d. h the longitudinal or transverse side of the component, in which the groove is introduced, is horizontal, the extrudate can flow down into the groove, with an excess of material accumulates on the front side, without forming a well-defined profile. This is rather the task of the subsequent processing step.
- An extruder in the sense of the invention can therefore also be a device from which a material which has not yet been completely hardened can escape in a controlled manner, without the extruder giving it a concrete shape.
- the mold is adapted to the final shape in order to remove less material during finishing.
- connection is releasable if, on the one hand, it is so strong that it can not be unintentionally released and, on the other hand, it can be released again non-destructively if necessary. In relation to floor panels, this means that laid and interconnected panels are in use, i. Entering the floor and moving loads on the floor, do not accidentally break loose.
- the connection should, if necessary, for example, in laying errors, repairs and disassembly, be easily solvable, for example, by the fact that the two components are removed from each other in the plane spanned by them or pulled apart. Supportive or alternatively is understood by a releasable locking and such, in which the individual components can be solved by twisting or tilting back in case of need.
- a particularly strong and inexpensive connection succeeds when the connecting means have the ability to foam and therefore completely fill the groove (filling groove) of the component intended for filling, whereby the contact surface between the connecting means and the filling groove increased.
- the introduction of the extrudate into the filling groove is therefore carried out in one operation with the floor production, which costs can be saved.
- the non-detachable connection means connected to the component also has the advantage that in the finishing, for example, the milling of a groove or spring, the connecting means can not slip and already have their final position.
- the groove or spring is formed more accurate and more accurate. This allows the components to be connected to each other in a simpler, stronger and safer way. This is not the case when using a fully formed spring, which is then firmly connected to the component
- Snapping is when a positive connection is made by elastic members which give way upon joining, e.g. the spreading groove legs, or a compressible spring, so-called snap-in connections are particularly easy and safe to produce for the user, and particularly accurate.
- the connecting means can be produced if their maximum thickness is at the same time the maximum thickness of the springs.
- the flat lower surface of the panels has a positive effect on the appearance, is easier to produce than a contoured lower surface and absorbs impact noise, since cavities are avoided.
- Coated top and bottom surfaces make the surface less sensitive to scratching, denting, moisture and provide an attractive appearance.
- the joining or separation of the thus formed connecting means is gentle to the material, quickly and reliably, although it is ensured that the panels are held optimally in position in the connected state.
- the groove is worked out of the component directly, in particular milled out, whereby the production of such panels is facilitated.
- the two legs of the groove are substantially the same length except for minor differences in length, which can be provided that the components are close to each other in their near-surface region and are spaced from each other in the near-bottom regions to form a small gap. This ensures a safe juxtaposition of the two tops of the panels even with certain unevenness of the ground.
- Such fabricated panels may also be combined with existing one-piece spring or groove milled out of the core, thereby providing some downward compatibility of the product of the invention with known products , This opens up further fields of application and the system can be used more flexibly.
- the width of the groove which increases from the inside to the outside or the thickness of the spring, which decreases toward its free end, are matched to each other, so that in interconnected components, the tongue and the spring surfaces fed, i. lie positively against each other. This keeps the components in a defined mutual position.
- the locking elements provided for the positionally fixed connection of the components which are formed by mutually adapted projections and recesses, are provided on the groove and on the spring. These locking elements may be provided in sections on the groove and the spring; However, better grip and simplified manufacture is achieved when these become Extend locking elements over the entire length of the intended grooves and springs.
- An embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is particularly advantageous, in which on both sides of the spring corresponding projections and on both groove surfaces corresponding recesses are formed, since thus a double locking effect can be achieved and thus a firm cohesion of the components is achieved.
- the width of the components can be chosen arbitrarily. Components of the same width or components of different widths can be connected to each other, e.g. to achieve a certain floor design.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in claim 16.
- This cross-sectional shape of a spring with at least one projection located thereon and at least one correspondingly adapted recess in the groove allows a good sliding of the surfaces of the spring or of the projection carried by the spring on the groove surfaces or directly adjacent to the groove opening groove surfaces during insertion of the Spring in the groove.
- the component in particular an MDF / HDF plate is milled on the longitudinal and / or transverse sides and then provided in the resulting groove with extrudates. Subsequently, the free ends of the extrudates are milled out, so that they form spring profiles. Alternatively, however, a groove can also be milled from the extrudates.
- a profiling of a rapidly solidifying extrudate can also be made during the extrusion process already a corresponding profiling of a rapidly solidifying extrudate and thus time and material and costs are saved.
- the profiling can be done, for example, reshaping or cutting.
- a corresponding one-part method can be realized.
- plastic as an extrudate is preferred because it can be milled most accurately.
- the advantage of the invention to the prior art is, inter alia, that the introduction of the extrudate in one operation with the Manufacture of components can be made, the profiles have a very firm grip with the core material, the profiles can be milled much sharper and thus lockable when using plastic, the extrudates are inexpensive materials, an elastic property of the grooves or springs regardless of the material properties of Core material is given and you can do without a sealing of the connecting surfaces, as is reduced or prevented by the extrudates or the plastic, the water and moisture absorption.
- the extrudate can also extend to the surface of one or both components. It thus forms mechanically and optically an intermediate piece along the edges of the components. It thus fulfills a dual function, namely it serves as a connecting means and moreover fulfills aesthetic, protective and stabilizing functions, wherein it is not mandatory for the purposes of the invention that the extrudate also serves as a connecting means.
- edges of wood-based materials are usually in the area of the impact-prone surface particularly often with Aufstiffept, ie upwardly facing breaks provided.
- Aufstiffept arise but also when editing the edges and are insbesöndere in laid panels, along the edges in the backlight easy to see.
- the invention reaching to the surface Extrudate is able to avoid or cover these edges.
- the component which is usually moisture absorbent, is protected from soaking up water. Moisture is known to cause swelling, which makes the component unsightly. An otherwise usual for this reason edge impregnation is unnecessary.
- extrudate acting as an intermediate piece can be produced in a wide variety of materials, structures and colors. Such interlacings therefore form, especially when they are colored, particularly decorative elements and influence the look of precious to rustic.
- the extruded intermediate pieces also as part of the springs or grooves, can be milled as required.
- the edges of the elements can be profiled as desired. It can z. B. depressions and / or increases in the joints are milled. Recesses and / or elevations can hide height differences between individual surfaces of the components and / or Aufstippungen. Conswelse sets such a V-joint particularly rustic accents. In contrast, metal-colored intermediate pieces look classy and give the impression of intricately edged wooden planks.
- Fig. 1 shows the left free end of an MDF / HDF board in the region of a longitudinal or transverse side in section.
- the left end face 42 of the plate 2 has a groove 5b, for example, made by milling.
- the inner surfaces of the groove 5b are therefore formed by the two equal-length legs 3 and 4, and the groove base eleventh
- Fig. 2 shows the plate Fig. 1 after the extrudate 40 has been introduced into the groove 5b.
- the extrudate 14 was introduced into the groove in the liquid or soft state and fills it completely, ie, up to the groove base 11.
- the extrudate is firmly connected to the plate via the legs 3, 4 and the groove base, since the extrudate has penetrated into the pores of the plate or has filled out irregularities in the interior of the groove.
- the extrudate may also be such that it has the property of foaming. If the extrudate is particularly flowable, it should be introduced from above into the vertical groove 5b. This corresponds to a rotated 90 ° to the right Fig. 3 , On the end face 42 remains an excess of extrudate, which forms a nose 41.
- Fig. 3 is formed by suitable methods, such as milling, from the nose 41 forming excess of the extrudate 40, a spring 6, for example, the locking means 7 for connection to a correspondingly shaped groove 5a (not shown).
- the in the Fig. 1 to 3 The procedure for forming a spring shown is exemplary. With the same steps, it is possible to introduce into the groove 5b extrudate and then incorporate into this extrudate an inner groove for connection with a spring. There are therefore the following possibilities: Forming only the spring of foreign material and forming the tongue and groove of foreign material.
- Fig. 8 Complementary shows Fig. 8 in that the inner contour of the groove 5b can also be shaped as desired, for example by milling, breaking or more inaccurate methods than milling.
- the filling 40 therefore applies particularly well to the inner contour of the groove 5b, which increases the strength of the connection.
- Fig. 4 shows two interconnected plate-like components 1, 2, for example, panels, wherein in each component grooves 5a and 5b are formed.
- the groove 5b of the right-hand component 1 is fixedly connected to the extrudate 40 worked to the spring 6, wherein the extrudate 40 completely fills the groove 5b.
- the extrudate 40 is positively connected to the interior of the groove 5b of the right panel 1, by filling the still soft extrudate.
- the free end 6 of the extrudate 40 has been processed in the embodiment by milling so that it forms a positive connection with the correspondingly shaped groove 5 a of the adjacent left panel 2.
- an unillustrated non-positive releasable connection of the spring 6 forming end of the extrudate may be provided with the panel 2.
- the components 1, 2 abut one another with their end faces in the near-surface area (eg floor surface) and form a gap 16 in the floor-level area.
- each of the individual components 1, 2 is provided at its two opposite end faces or at all its four end faces with grooves 5a and 5b.
- the components 1, 2 are thus constructed symmetrically with respect to their schematically represented center plane M.
- the locking elements 7, 8 can also engage when the legs 3, 4 of the left panel 1 are not formed elastically.
- the groove 5a of the left panel 1 may be made just as well from extrudate or the like as the spring 6, i. by filling a groove with a suitable, preferably elastic material and then milling the groove geometry into the introduced into the original groove 5a material.
- the legs 3, 4 of the panel, i. The core material yield elastically, whereby the compound gets a better look, and dirt and water can penetrate worse in the compound.
- the free end ie the spring 6 of the extrudate 40 is provided with a gap, such that the top and the Underside of the spring 6 can be brought together by pressure from the outside, whereby also a snap-in connection with the groove 5a can be realized, that is, the locking means 8 and 7 can come into engagement.
- relatively wide components 1, 2 have on one of its opposite end faces, in particular on two mutually perpendicular end faces dovetailed grooves 5a.
- Fig. 5 and 6 serve to clarify the profile of the spring 6. They are to be understood as a detail Fig. 4 , where in Fig. 6 only the free end of the spring 6 is shown.
- the particular of wood or plastic existing components 1, 2 may be provided with coatings 23, 24 to obtain corresponding surface values or a corresponding appearance.
- matched locking elements 7, 8 are provided on the spring 6 and the spring surfaces 10 and in the groove 5a and in the groove surfaces or side surfaces 9 of the groove 5a matched locking elements 7, 8 are provided. These locking elements are formed by projections 7 and recesses 8, which cooperate with each other or can be latched. The cross-sectional shapes of the recesses 8 and associated projections 7 correspond to each other, so that the locking elements fully engage each other, d. H. positively enter a snap connection.
- the locking elements 7, 8 engage each other.
- the locking elements 7, 8 are in particular formed over the entire length of the longitudinal and / or narrow sides of the components 1, 2.
- a projection 7 is formed only on the lower spring surface 10, which is received by a Vertlefung 8 in the abutting on this spring surface 10 groove surface 9.
- the two legs 3.4 of the groove 5 are elastic pushed apart; Even when pulling out the spring 6 from the groove 5 is an elastic spreading of the groove legs 3, 4th
- a projection 7 is formed only on one side of the spring 6.
- the projection 7 is madebiidet so that the spring surface 10 from the front free end portion of the spring 6 extends flat to a bend which lies at the thickest point of the spring and in a rear short surface 17 passes, which in turn leads to a component 2 Area 31 passes.
- the recess 8 in the groove surface 9 only a portion 30 of the spring surface 10 is added; However, this portion of the spring surface is in the depression fed to the surface 18 'on; Also, the rear shorter surface 17 is full at the groove opening towards the surface 17 'of the recess 8 at.
- the groove surface 10 or its portion 30 is inclined at an angle ⁇ to the surface 13 of the two components 1, 2; the rear shorter surface portion 17 is inclined at an angle ⁇ to the surface 13 of the two components 1, 2.
- the outside of the recess 8 of the Nutschenkels 3 or nut groundnahe area of the groove surface 9 is inclined at an angle ⁇ to the surface 13 of the two components. Tilted at the same angle ⁇ is that surface 10 of the spring 6 which bears no projection and fits snugly against the facing groove surface 9.
- the angle ⁇ to the useful or surface 13 of the longer side of the triangle 18 of the projection 7 on the spring 6 corresponds to the spring surface 10 which extends in its front region at a distance from the groove surface 9.
- the locking element-free spring surface 10 rests against the groove inner surface 9 over the major part of its length, and both surfaces approach the surface or useful surface 13 of the two components 1, 2 at an angle ⁇ as viewed from the groove base 11.
- the recess or the groove are provided in the groove and tongue surfaces close to the surface. It is particularly advantageous if corresponding locking elements are provided in both spring surfaces and both groove surfaces. The connection is then self-centering, which facilitates assembly and is self-locking in the end position.
- Fig. 6 one recognizes Fig. 6 in that, when the spring 6 is pushed into the groove 5, the groove legs 3, 4 are spread apart, that is to say they are removed from one another, in particular the groove-opening-like surface 25 'and the spring surface 10, in particular their region 30 slide on one another, so that the groove legs 3 widen, 4 without their damage is achieved.
- an expansion of the groove legs 3, 4 is achieved by sliding the surfaces 17 and 17 'together.
- Fig. 5 a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown in which the groove 5 and the spring 6 are advantageously formed symmetrically to a plane perpendicular to the plane of the median plane M 'through the components 1, 2.
- the cross section of the projection 7 or the recess 8 according to Fig. 5 is triangular, wherein the closer to the groove opening triangle sides 17, 17 'are shorter and more inclined than the closer to the groove bottom 11 located triangle sides 18, 18'.
- the longer side 18 of the projection 7 slides on the inner edge or a chamfer 25 'of the groove leg 3 formed in this region until the projection 7 has overcome this inner edge surface 25' and from the recess 8 is recorded. This causes a locking of the components by snapping.
- Fig. 5 In the advantageous embodiment according to Fig. 5 is provided that on the two opposing spring surfaces 10, in particular symmetrically located projections 7 or recesses 8 and on both adjacent groove surfaces 9 adapted to these projections 7 and recesses 8 recesses and projections are formed, or that groove 5a and spring 6 dovetailed and adapted to each other.
- This embodiment allows a double locking of the two components 1, 2, wherein such a lock is easily solvable by the two components 1, 2 are removed from each other in the plane spanned by them or pulled apart.
- the expansion of the legs 3, 4 can be supported by rotating the components against each other.
- the longer side of the triangle 18 and / or the surface of the projection 7 formed by this side merges with the formation of a bend 19 in the front region of the spring surface 10; the nut groundnahe area of the groove surface 9 and this front portion of the spring surface 10 are as well as the projection 7 and the recess 8 richly against each other; In this way, a very precise connection of the components 1, 2 can be achieved and at the same time it is ensured that the end faces of the components 1, 2 abut each other under pressure or are approached to each other, so that a gap between the components 1, 2 at the effective area 13 or, a removal of the components 1, 2 is avoided in the course of their use.
- the nutgrundnahe area of the groove surfaces 9 and the free end of the spring 6 near the area of the spring surfaces 10 has the same inclination angle ⁇ .
- the angle ⁇ which include the surfaces 18 of the projection or the surfaces 18 'of the recess with the surface 13 of the components 1, 2, is greater than the angle ⁇ .
- the region of the inner edge surface 25 'close to the groove opening is also inclined to the surface 13 of the two components 1, 2.
- the angle ⁇ below which the shorter sides of the triangle 17, 17 'are inclined, is greater than the angle ⁇ and, with the surface 13 of the components 1, 2, advantageously forms an angle between 25 ° and 65 °.
- the nutgroundnahen triangle sides 18, 18 ' about four to eight times, preferably five to seven times, as long as the nutgrundfernen triangle sides 17, 17' and if the angle between the two Triangular sides 17, 18 or 17 ', 18' 100 to 140 °, in particular 1 10 to 130 °, is,
- the inner end edges of the spring 6 are provided with chamfers 12 and / or the inner end edge of the latching or Verriegelungselementfrelen groove leg 4 with a chamfer 29.
- a plurality of projections and / or depressions can be formed on a groove or spring surface, whereby the self-locking of the connection in the end position is further increased.
- Fig. 7 explains components 1, 2, in which according to the invention extrudate 40, 43 extends to the surface 13 thereof. It thus forms mechanically and optically a V-shaped joint 43, 44 between the two end faces 42 of the components along the edges of the components.
- the intermediate pieces 43, 44 serve as connecting means, protection and decoration.
- the right intermediate piece is inserted inseparably in the groove 5b and at the same time forms the spring 6, while the left intermediate piece is applied only to the edge 42 of the left component and only partially forms the groove 5a and thus partially as a connecting means 17 ', 18'dient.
- a wood-based chipboard MDF / HDF or OSB in production-standard size for example, 1040 mm x 2,825 mm, a short-cycle press or continuous press with decorative paper on the top and backing paper coated on the underside.
- the large format is divided into element size, for example, 195 mm x 1,250 mm.
- the Telle thus obtained are now machined on milling machines longitudinal and transverse side with a Nutfräsung. Thereafter, the pre-milled parts arrive at an extrusion plant, where in the milled grooves, the extrudate is introduced, the extrusion system can also act immediately behind the milling machine, so that immediately behind the milling head, the extrudate can be brought into the mold.
- the panels according to the invention which are now equipped on the front side of the longitudinal and transverse sides, again arrive at the milling installation to form the desired groove or spring shape.
- This step can alternatively be carried out continuously immediately behind the milling head and / or the extruder.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von miteinander verbindbaren Bauteilen sowie eine Anordnung von Bauteilen mit Verbindungselementen gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 2.The invention relates to a method for producing interconnectable components as well as an arrangement of components with connecting elements according to the preamble of
Unter Bauteil werden insbesondere plattenförmige Bauteile, beispielsweise Paneelplatten, Fußodenplatten, Verkleidungsplatten, Verkleidungsleisten oder dergleichen insbesondere für die Wand-Decken- oder Fußbodenverkleidung von Bauwerken aller Art verstanden. Derartige Bauteile können ein- oder mehrschichtige Platten bzw. Leisten aus Holzwerkstoffen oder auf Holzgrundlage (Laminate), Insbesondere Span-, MDF-, HDF-, OSB-, Hartfaser- oder Sperrholz-Platten sein, die gegebenenfalls auf einer oder beiden Außenflächen beschichtet sind, Die Beschichtung, die sogenannte Nutzschicht, kann mit Kunststoffplatten, Vollholz, Furnieren aus Holz oder Kunststoff oder Papier usw. erfolgen. Bei Fußbodenpaneelen ist ein Dekorpapier, beispielsweise in Naturholzoptik, welt verbreitet, welches den Eindruck eines Massivholzpaneels erweckt, Da Fußböden im normalen Gebrauch stark beansprucht werden, wird die Oberfläche des Dekorpapiers durch ein hartes, insbesondere kratz- und abriebfestes Overlay aus z. B. harzgetränktem Alpha-Cellulose-Papier versiegelt und somit gegen Verkratzen und Eindellen geschützt. Insbesondere richtet sich die Erfindung also auf Bodenplatten, sogenannte Paneele, die aus Holzwerkstoff bestehen und relativ harte Oberflächen aus Kunststofflaminaten besitzen.In particular, plate-shaped components, for example panel panels, floor panels, cladding panels, trim strips or the like are understood in particular for the wall-ceiling or floor cladding of buildings of all kinds. Such components may be single or multilayer boards or strips of wood-based or wood-based (laminates), in particular chipboard, MDF, HDF, OSB, hardboard or plywood panels, which may be coated on one or both outer surfaces , The coating, the so-called wear layer, can be done with plastic plates, solid wood, veneers made of wood or plastic or paper, etc. When floor panels decorative paper, for example, in natural wood look, world wide, which gives the impression of a solid wood panel, Since floors are under heavy use in normal use, the surface of the decor paper by a hard, especially scratch and abrasion resistant overlay of z. B. resin-impregnated alpha-cellulose paper and thus protected against scratching and denting. In particular, the invention is therefore directed to floor panels, so-called panels, which are made of wood material and have relatively hard surfaces of plastic laminates.
Anordnungen von Bauteilen mit Verbindungselementen gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere die spezielle Art der Ausbildung und Herstellung der Bauteile und der Verbindungselemente, um die Bauteile in verbundenem Zustand zueinander optimal in Lage zu halten, jedoch die Bauteile bei Bedarf voneinander lösen zu können.Arrangements of components with connecting elements according to the preamble of
Bekannte Anordnungen von Bauteilen In Gestalt von Fußbodenpaneelen weisen an ihren Seitenkanten Nuten bzw. Federn, insbesondere solche, die in den Nuten einschnappen können, auf. Derartige Paneele sind besonders wirtschaftlich zu fertigen, da nur die zumeist relativ weiche Mittelschicht der insbesondere aus Holz bestehenden Paneele zur Ausbildung der als Verriegelungselemente dienenden Nuten und Federn speziell bearbeitet werden muss und nicht die relativ harten Oberflächen aus Laminaten. Die Mittelschicht wird auch als Trägerschicht oder Kern bezeichnet. Bei Laminatböden mit einer aus der Mittelschicht herausgefrästen Feder besteht diese demzufolge meist aus Span-, MDF-, HDF-, Hartfaser-, Vollholz- oder Sperrholz-Material. Diese Werkstoffe haben den Nachteil, dass insbesondere die Federn, wie bereits oben dargelegt, relativ weich sind und daher ganz oder abschnittsweise ausbrechen können. Ein Paneel mit beispielsweise stellenweise gequetschten Federn ist nur nach Behandlung der Quetschung vor dem Verlegen in die Nut eines anderen Paneels einführbar. Daraus resultiert eine Mehrarbeit beim Verlegen und eine geminderte Festigkeit der Verbindung der miteinander verbundenen Paneele.Known arrangements of components In the form of floor panels, grooves or springs, in particular those which can snap into the grooves, have on their side edges. Such panels are particularly economical to manufacture, since only the mostly relatively soft middle layer of the particular wooden panels for forming the locking elements serving as grooves and springs must be specially processed and not the relatively hard surfaces of laminates. The middle layer is also referred to as a carrier layer or core. For laminate flooring with a milled out of the middle layer spring this therefore usually consists of chipboard, MDF, HDF, hardboard, solid wood or plywood material. These materials have the disadvantage that, in particular, the springs, as already stated above, are relatively soft and can therefore break off completely or in sections. A panel with, for example, locally crushed springs can be inserted into the groove of another panel only after treatment of the pinch before laying. This results in an extra work when laying and a reduced strength of the connection of the interconnected panels.
Die über mindestens eine Seitenkante der Paneele hinausstehende Feder ist besonders anfällig für Beschädigungen, da sie wegen ihres geringen Querschnitts und des großen Gewichts eines Paneels besonders hart gegen Hindernisse anschlagen kann. Diese gilt für die Herstellung, den Transport und das Verlegen. Auch anfällig ist die Nut, da das Paneel im Bereich der Nut eine verminderte Wandstärke aufweist. Die Außenwände der Nut können sogar dünner als der Querschnitt der Feder sein.The protruding beyond at least one side edge of the panel spring is particularly susceptible to damage, since they can strike particularly hard against obstacles because of their small cross-section and the great weight of a panel. This applies to the manufacture, transport and installation. Also prone to the groove, since the panel has a reduced wall thickness in the region of the groove. The outer walls of the groove may even be thinner than the cross section of the spring.
Beschädigte Federn oder solche aus wasserdurchlässigem bzw. wasserabsorbierendem Material machen die Nut- Federverbindung außerdem wasserdurchlässiger. Auf die Fügestelle verschüttetes Wasser dringt daher leichter in die häufig flüssigkeitsabsorbierenden Mittelschichten (Kern) des Paneels ein, welches daher aufquillt und unansehnlich wird. Die Feuchtigkeit kann auch durch die Nut-Federverbindung durchdringen und sich auf der Unterseite der Paneele über lange Zeit halten. Diese Feuchtigkeit entzieht sich dabei der Beobachtung oder Beseitigung und kann langfristig die für Feuchtigkeit typischen Folgeschäden, beispielsweise Schimmel, Bakterien, Ausblühungen, Auswaschung, verursachen.Damaged springs or those made of water-permeable or water-absorbing material also make the tongue and groove joint more permeable to water. Spilled water on the joint therefore penetrates more easily into the frequently liquid-absorbing middle layers (core) of the panel, which therefore swells and becomes unsightly. The moisture can also penetrate through the tongue and groove connection and hold on the underside of the panels for a long time. This moisture evades the observation or elimination and can cause the long-term typical for moisture damages, such as mold, bacteria, efflorescence, leaching.
Aus den Druckschriften
Die nachveröffentlichte, also bei der Beurteilung der erfinderischen Tätigkeit nicht zu berücksichtigende Druckschrift
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine verbesserte Anordnung von Bauteilen mit Verbindungsmitteln zu schaffen, die die vorgenannte Nachtelle beseitigt.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved arrangement of components with connecting means which eliminates the aforementioned night.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 sowie durch eine Anordnung von Bauteilen nach Anspruch 2. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by a method according to
Durch die Erfindung wird eine Anordnung von durch Verbindungsmittel, insbesondere einschnappbare Verbindungsmittel, verbindbaren Bauteilen geschaffen.The invention provides an arrangement of connecting means, in particular einschnappbare connecting means, connectable components.
Dadurch, dass die Feder aus einem anderen Material besteht wie das jeweilige Bauteil, mit dem die Feder unlösbar verbunden ist, wird es möglich, sowohl für die Bauelemente als auch die Federn im Hinblick auf die Anforderung und Kosten optimale Werkstoffe unabhängig voneinander auszuwählen, Der Herstellungsaufwand reduziert sich, da lediglich eine Nut und eine Feder, die zur lösbaren Verbindung nötig sind, hergestellt werden müssen.Characterized in that the spring is made of a different material as the respective component with which the spring is permanently connected, it is possible for both the components and the springs in terms of requirement and cost to select optimal materials independently, the manufacturing cost reduces, since only a groove and a spring, which are necessary for releasable connection, must be made.
Um leimlose Verbindung zwischen Fußbodenelementen und anderen Bauteilen herstellen zu können, mussten aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Trägermaterialien, d.h. Bauteil, hohe mechanische Festigkeiten aufweisen, da bislang aus den Trägermaterialien regelmäßig auch die entsprechenden form- oder kraftflüssigen Verbindungen hergestellt wurden. Bekannte Paneele sind vielfach einstückig mit der Feder bzw. Nut ausgebildet, während bei der Erfindung eine zweistückige Ausführung vorliegt. Daher ist es nun möglich, die Mittelschicht der Paneele besonders preiswert oder flächengewichtsmäßig leicht, beispielsweise unter Verwendung der bereits genannten Materialien, auszubilden. Das Federn aufweisende Verbindungsmittel kann dagegen aus festen und schweren Materialien hergestellt sein, da dadurch das Gesamtgewicht der Anordnung von Paneelen nur geringfügig beeinflusst wird. Das Verbindungsmittel kann beispielsweise aus PVC, Kunststoffen und dergleichen bestehen, welche härter als der Kern der Paneele ist und auf einer speziellen Fräsmaschine (z.B. Bleistiftfräse) hergestellt werden. Dadurch wird das besonders schwere und/oder stabile Material nur an der Stelle verarbeltet, wo es tatsächlich benötigt wird, während der Kern des Paneels aus leichtem und preiswerterem Material besteht. Das Gewicht der Paneele ist ein wesentlicher wirtschaftlicher Faktor, da es Einfluß auf die Transportkosten und den Preis des Produktes sowie auf die Akzeptanz beim Verbraucher hat. Demzufolge liegt ein hohes Einsparpotential darin, dass man nur den form- oder kraftflüssigen Teil mit hoher mechanischer Festigkeit ausrüstet.In order to be able to produce a glueless connection between floor elements and other components, support materials known from the prior art, ie components, had to have high mechanical strengths, since hitherto the corresponding molding or power-liquid connections have been produced regularly from the support materials. Known panels are often integral with the spring or groove formed while in the invention a two-piece design is present. Therefore, it is now possible to form the middle layer of the panels particularly inexpensively or in terms of weight per unit area, for example using the materials already mentioned. On the other hand, the spring-containing connecting means can be made of solid and heavy materials, since this only slightly influences the overall weight of the arrangement of panels. The connecting means may for example consist of PVC, plastics and the like, which is harder than the core of the panels and produced on a special milling machine (eg pencil milling machine). As a result, the particularly heavy and / or stable material is only processed at the point where it is actually needed, while the core of the panel is made of lighter and cheaper material. The weight of the panels is a significant economic factor as it affects the cost of transportation and the price of the product, as well as consumer acceptance. Consequently, there is a high potential for savings in that one equips only the positive or high-viscosity part with high mechanical strength.
Wenn zumindest eines der Verbindungsmittel in Gestalt einer aus einem anderen Material als das jeweilige Bauteil bestehenden Feder unlösbar mit dem jeweils zugeordneten Bauteil verbunden ist, werden Fehler bei der Montage vermieden. Die Verbindungsmittel können beispielsweise nicht entlang der Längsseite verrutschen oder verschieben, und Flüssigkeit, die in die Fügestelle zweier Bauteile gerät, wird daran gehindert, tiefer In das Bauteil einzudringen bzw. unter das Bauteil zu gelangen und dort weiteren Schaden anzurichten.If at least one of the connecting means in the form of a spring made of a different material than the respective component is inextricably connected to the respective associated component, errors during assembly are avoided. For example, the connecting means can not slip or displace along the longitudinal side, and liquid which gets into the joint of two components is prevented from penetrating deeper into the component or from getting under the component and causing further damage there.
Eine derartige unlösbare Verbindung kann insbesondere durch Formschluss erreicht werden. Eine solche ist besonders wirtschaftlich fertigbar und sehr fest, wenn die Verbindungsmittel im flüssigen oder weichen Zustand mit dem jeweiligen Bauteil in Kontakt gebracht werden. Das flüssige Verbindungsmittel dringt in Öffnungen und Poren des Bauteils ein, so dass eine Verbindung durch Formschluss vorliegt. Eine ähnliche Festigkeit kann durch Verkleben erreicht werden.Such an insoluble compound can be achieved in particular by positive locking. Such is particularly economical manufacturable and very firm when the connecting means are brought in the liquid or soft state with the respective component in contact. The liquid bonding agent penetrates into openings and pores of the component, so that there is a connection by positive locking. Similar strength can be achieved by gluing.
Der Formschluss gelingt dann besonders effektiv, wenn das noch flüssige oder welche Verbindungsmittel in Nuten mit oder ohne Hinterschneldungen des Bauteils, insbesondere entlang der Stirn- oder Längsseite eines plattenförmigen Bauteils, eingebracht wird. Nuten ohne Hinterschneidungen sind besonders einfach und schnell, beispielsweise von der Stirnseite kommend über die gesamte Länge der Stirnseite, zu fertigen. Nuten mit Hinterschneidungen sind aufwendiger zu fertigen, halten aber die darin eingebrachten Verbindungsmittel besonders fest.The form-fit succeeds particularly effective when the still liquid or which connecting means in grooves with or without Hinterschnehlen of the component, in particular along the front or longitudinal side of a plate-shaped member is introduced. Grooves without undercuts are particularly easy and fast, for example, coming from the front over the entire length of the front page to manufacture. Grooves with undercuts are more expensive to manufacture, but keep the introduced therein fasteners particularly strong.
Die Innenkontur der Nuten kann auch beliebig anders geformt sein, beispielsweise durch Fräsen, Brechen oder ungenauere Verfahren. Dadurch wird die Bearbeitung einfacher, preiswerter und schneller und die Festigkeit des Sitzes erhöht sich. Auf besonders genaue Bearbeitungswerkzeuge kann daher verzichtet werden.The inner contour of the grooves can also be shaped differently, for example by milling, breaking or inaccurate methods. This makes the machining easier, cheaper and faster and the strength of the seat increases. On very precise editing tools can therefore be dispensed with.
Wenn die Nuten, die zur lösbaren Verbindung mit den Verbindungsmitteln vorgesehen sind, ungleichschenkelig, also vorstehend ausgebildet sind, ergibt sich eine leichtere Montierbarkeit der Bauteile. Ein solcher auf der Unterseite eines Bauteils vorstehender Schenkel kann nämlich als Führung beim Aufeinanderzubewegen der Bauteile dienen.If the grooves, which are provided for detachable connection with the connecting means, are unequal in shape, that is to say projecting, the components can be assembled more easily. Such a projecting leg on the underside of a component can in fact serve as a guide when the components move toward each other.
Wenn die Nuten, die zur unlösbaren Verbindung mit den Verbindungmitteln vorgesehen sind, ungleichschenkelig, also vorstehend ausgebildet sind, ergibt sich eine höhere Belastbarkeit der Verbindungsmittel in Richtung des vorstehenden Schenkels. Ein solcher auf der Unterseite eines Bauteils vorstehender Schenkel kann beispielsweise die beim Betreten des Bauteils auftretenden Belastungen abfangen.If the grooves which are provided for the permanent connection with the connection means are unequal in shape, that is to say projecting, a higher load capacity of the connection means in the direction of the projecting leg results. Such a protruding leg on the underside of a component can, for example, intercept the loads occurring when entering the component.
Besonders wirtschaftlich gelingt dies, da das Verbindungsmittel aus Extrudat hergestellt ist, wobei dieses im noch weichen Zustand beim Verlassen des Extruders mit dem Bauteil in Kontakt gebracht werden kann, um sich mit diesem zu verbinden.This is achieved particularly economically because the connecting means is made of extrudate, which can be brought into contact with the component in the still soft state when leaving the extruder in order to connect to this.
Extrudate sind üblicherweise Formteile, die mittels eines Extruders hergestellt werden. Während derartige Formteile normalerweise zunächst in ihrer endgültigen Form erhärten, bevor sie mit anderen Bauteilen verbunden werden, ist es vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, diese im noch weichen bzw. flüssigen Zustand mit dem Bauteil zu verbinden. In diesem Fall ist es nicht nötig, dass der Extruder ein spezifisches Profil aufweist. Es kommt vielmehr darauf an, dass das flüssige bzw. welche Extrudat in die Nut eines Bauteils eingebracht wird, und sich mit dieser durch Ausfüllen verbindet. Wenn die Stirnseite, d. h die Längs- oder Querseite, des Bauteils, in die die Nut eingebracht ist, waagerecht liegt, kann das Extrudat nach unten in die Nut einfließen, wobei ein Materialüberschuss sich auf der Stirnseite anhäuft, ohne dabei ein genau definiertes Profil zu bilden. Dieses ist vielmehr Aufgabe des danach folgenden Bearbeitungsschrittes. Als Extruder im Sinne der Erfindung kann also auch eine Vorrichtung dienen, aus der ein noch nicht vollständig erhärtetes Material kontrolliert austreten kann, ohne dass der Extruder diesem eine konkrete Form gibt. Vorteilhafterweise ist jedoch die Form an die endgültige Form angepasst, um weniger Material bei der Endbearbeitung abtragen zu müssen.Extrudates are usually molded parts produced by means of an extruder. While such moldings normally initially harden in their final form before intermingling with other components be connected, it is advantageously provided to connect them in the still soft or liquid state with the component. In this case, it is not necessary for the extruder to have a specific profile. Rather, it is important that the liquid or which extrudate is introduced into the groove of a component, and connects with this by filling. If the front side, d. h the longitudinal or transverse side of the component, in which the groove is introduced, is horizontal, the extrudate can flow down into the groove, with an excess of material accumulates on the front side, without forming a well-defined profile. This is rather the task of the subsequent processing step. An extruder in the sense of the invention can therefore also be a device from which a material which has not yet been completely hardened can escape in a controlled manner, without the extruder giving it a concrete shape. Advantageously, however, the mold is adapted to the final shape in order to remove less material during finishing.
Lösbar im Sinne der Erfindung ist eine Verbindung dann, wenn diese einerseits so fest ist, dass sie nicht unbeabsichtigt gelöst werden kann und andererseits im Bedarfsfall zerstörungsfrei wieder gelöst werden kann. Bezogen auf Fußbodenpaneele bedeutet dies, dass verlegte und miteinander verbundene Paneele beim Gebrauch, d.h. Betreten des Bodens und Verschieben von Lasten auf dem Boden, sich nicht unbeabsichtigt lösen. Die Verbindung soll jedoch im Bedarfsfall, beispielsweise bei Verlegefehlern, Reparaturen und Demontage, leicht lösbar sein, beispielsweise dadurch, dass die beiden Bauteile in der von ihnen aufgespannten Ebene voneinander entfernt bzw. auseinandergezogen werden. Unterstützend oder alternativ wird unter einer lösbaren Verriegelung auch eine solche verstanden, bei der die einzelnen Bauteile durch Verdrehen oder Verkanten wieder im Bedarfsfall gelöst werden können.In the context of the invention, a connection is releasable if, on the one hand, it is so strong that it can not be unintentionally released and, on the other hand, it can be released again non-destructively if necessary. In relation to floor panels, this means that laid and interconnected panels are in use, i. Entering the floor and moving loads on the floor, do not accidentally break loose. However, the connection should, if necessary, for example, in laying errors, repairs and disassembly, be easily solvable, for example, by the fact that the two components are removed from each other in the plane spanned by them or pulled apart. Supportive or alternatively is understood by a releasable locking and such, in which the individual components can be solved by twisting or tilting back in case of need.
Eine besonders feste und preiswerte Verbindung gelingt, wenn die Verbindungsmittel die Fähigkeit besitzen aufzuschäumen und daher die zur Füllung bestimmte Nut (Füllnut) des Bauteils vollständig ausfüllen, wodurch die Kontaktfläche zwischen Verbindungsmittel und Füllnut sich vergrößert.A particularly strong and inexpensive connection succeeds when the connecting means have the ability to foam and therefore completely fill the groove (filling groove) of the component intended for filling, whereby the contact surface between the connecting means and the filling groove increased.
Das Einbringen des Extrudats in die Füllnut erfolgt daher in einem Arbeitsgang mit der Fußbodenfertigung, wodurch Kosten gespart werden können.The introduction of the extrudate into the filling groove is therefore carried out in one operation with the floor production, which costs can be saved.
Das unlösbare mit dem Bauteil verbundene Verbindungsmittel hat ferner den Vorteil, dass bei der Endbearbeitung, beispielsweise dem Ausfräsen einer Nut oder Feder, die Verbindungsmittel nicht verrutschen können und bereits ihre endgültige Lage haben. Dadurch wird die Nut oder Feder genauer ausgebildet und passgenauer. Dadurch können die Bauteile einfacher, fester und sicherer miteinander verbunden werden, Dieses ist bei der Verwendung einer fertig ausgeformten Feder, die anschließend mit dem Bauteil fest verbunden wird, nicht gegebenThe non-detachable connection means connected to the component also has the advantage that in the finishing, for example, the milling of a groove or spring, the connecting means can not slip and already have their final position. As a result, the groove or spring is formed more accurate and more accurate. This allows the components to be connected to each other in a simpler, stronger and safer way. This is not the case when using a fully formed spring, which is then firmly connected to the component
Einschnappen liegt dann vor, wenn eine formschlüssige Verbindung durch elastische Bauteile hergestellt wird, die beim Verbinden nachgeben, z.B. die sich spreizenden Nutschenkel, oder eine zusammendrückbare Feder, sogenannte Einschnappverbindungen sind für den Verwender besonders leicht und sicher herzustellen, sowie besonders genau.Snapping is when a positive connection is made by elastic members which give way upon joining, e.g. the spreading groove legs, or a compressible spring, so-called snap-in connections are particularly easy and safe to produce for the user, and particularly accurate.
Solange die maximale Dicke des Verbindungsmittels kleiner als die Dicke der Paneele ist, werden die Verbindungsmittel nicht wahrgenommen und stören nicht die Optik. Materialsparend lassen sich die Verbindungsmittel herstellen, wenn ihre maximale Dicke zugleich die maximale Dicke der Federn ist.As long as the maximum thickness of the connecting means is smaller than the thickness of the panels, the connecting means are not perceived and do not disturb the optics. To save material, the connecting means can be produced if their maximum thickness is at the same time the maximum thickness of the springs.
Wenn die Stirnflächen zweier benachbarter Paneele im Bereich der Oberseite, beispielsweise des Dekors oder Overlays, aufeinander stoßen, wird das Eindringen von Schmutz und Feuchtigkeit in den Kern der Paneele erschwert.If the faces of two adjacent panels in the region of the top, such as the decor or overlays, collide, the penetration of dirt and moisture in the core of the panels is difficult.
Die plane Unterfläche der Paneele wirkt sich positiv auf die Optik aus, ist einfacher als eine konturierte Unterfläche herzustellen und dämmt den Trittschall, da Hohlräume vermieden werden.The flat lower surface of the panels has a positive effect on the appearance, is easier to produce than a contoured lower surface and absorbs impact noise, since cavities are avoided.
Beschichtete Ober- und Unterseiten machen die Oberfläche unempfindlicher gegen Verkratzen, Eindellen, Feuchtigkeit und sorgen für eine ansprechende Optik.Coated top and bottom surfaces make the surface less sensitive to scratching, denting, moisture and provide an attractive appearance.
Nuten und Federn mit einschnappbaren Verriegelungselementen in Form von Ausnehmungen oder Vertiefungen, die sich über die gesamte Länge der Nut und der Feder erstrecken, ermöglichen eine besonders einfache und wirtschaftliche Herstellung. Das Aneinanderfügen bzw. Trennen der derartig geformten Verbindungsmittel erfolgt materialschonend, rasch und zuverlässig, obwohl sichergestellt ist, dass die Paneele im verbundenen Zustand zueinander optimal in Lage gehalten werden.Grooves and springs with snap-in locking elements in the form of recesses or depressions, which extend over the entire length of the groove and the spring, allow a particularly simple and economical production. The joining or separation of the thus formed connecting means is gentle to the material, quickly and reliably, although it is ensured that the panels are held optimally in position in the connected state.
Da die Verriegelungsmittel bereits werksseitig mit den Paneelen verklebt oder verbunden sind, ändert sich bei der Verlegung der Paneele nichts gegenüber der Verlegung von bekannten Nut-Federpaneelen. Durch das Zusammenfügen der erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Bauteile wird eine feste und stabile aber wieder lösbare Verbindung geschaffen, die den auftretenden Beanspruchungen gerecht wird und die Bauteile lagefest miteinander verbindet.Since the locking means are already glued or connected to the factory with the panels, nothing changes when laying the panels over the laying of known tongue and groove panels. By joining the inventively designed components, a solid and stable but again releasable connection is created, which meets the stresses occurring and the components firmly connected together.
Vorteilhaft ist es, dass die Nut aus dem Bauteil direkt herausgearbeitet, insbesondere herausgefräst ist, wodurch die Herstellung derartiger Paneele erleichtert wird. Dies gilt insbesondere bei Bauteilen, die gleichlange Schenkel aufweisen und daher durch einen symetrischen Fräskopf in einem Durchgang fertigbar sind. Die beiden Schenkel der Nut sind im Wesentlichen gleich lang bis auf geringfügige Längenunterschiede, die dadurch entstehen, dass vorgesehen sein kann, dass die Bauteile in ihrem oberflächennahen Bereich eng aneinander liegen und in den bodennahen Bereichen unter Ausbildung eines kleinen Spaltes im Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind. Dies gewährleistet ein sicheres Aneinanderstoßen der beiden Oberseiten der Paneele auch bei gewissen Unebenheiten des Untergrundes.It is advantageous that the groove is worked out of the component directly, in particular milled out, whereby the production of such panels is facilitated. This applies in particular to components which have legs of the same length and can therefore be manufactured in one pass through a symmetrical milling head. The two legs of the groove are substantially the same length except for minor differences in length, which can be provided that the components are close to each other in their near-surface region and are spaced from each other in the near-bottom regions to form a small gap. This ensures a safe juxtaposition of the two tops of the panels even with certain unevenness of the ground.
Der Verleger muss anschließend die Elemente wie bisher nur zusammenschieben, für ihn ist keine Veränderung des Produkteserkennbar. Er profitiert nur von den verbesserten Materialeigenschaften des Verbindungsmittels, von dem nur die die Paneele überragende Feder oder das Nutinnere sichtbar ist, Derartig gefertigte Paneele können auch mit bestehenden, mit einer aus dem Kern herausgefrästen einstückigen Feder oder Nut kombiniert werden, wodurch eine gewisse Abwärtskompatiblltät des erfindungsgemäßen Produktes zu bekannten Produkten gegeben ist. Dadurch erschließen sich weitere Anwendungsgebiete und das System ist flexibler einsetzbar.The publisher must then push the elements together as before, for him no change in the product is recognizable. He benefits only from the improved material properties Such fabricated panels may also be combined with existing one-piece spring or groove milled out of the core, thereby providing some downward compatibility of the product of the invention with known products , This opens up further fields of application and the system can be used more flexibly.
Die Breite der Nut, die von innen nach außen zu zunimmt bzw. die Dicke der Feder, die in Richtung auf ihr freies Ende hin abnimmt, sind aufeinander abgestimmt, sodass bei miteinander verbundenen Bauteilen die Nut- und die Federflächen satt, d.h. formschlüssig aneinander anliegen. Damit werden die Bauteile in einer definierten gegenseitigem Lage gehalten.The width of the groove, which increases from the inside to the outside or the thickness of the spring, which decreases toward its free end, are matched to each other, so that in interconnected components, the tongue and the spring surfaces fed, i. lie positively against each other. This keeps the components in a defined mutual position.
Wesentlich zur lösbaren Verbindung trägt bei, dass die bauteilnahe Fläche des auf der Feder ausgebildeten Vorsprungs und die nutöffnungsnahe Fläche der auf der Nut ausgebildeten Vertiefung schräg bzw. geneigt in Richtung Bauteil bzw. Nutöffnung verlaufen, sodass ein Herausziehen der Feder aus der Nut möglich ist. Das Einführen und Herausziehen wird deshalb möglich, weil zumindest einer der Schenkel der Nut elastisch gegenüber dem anderen Schenkel aufweitbar bzw. wegbewegbar ist; insbesondere sind die beiden Schenkel der Nut materialstärkemäßig derart ausgebildet, dass ein elastisches Abbiegen nach außen zu möglich ist, um so der Feder ein Eindringen in die Nut zu ermöglichen, wobei der zumindest eine auf der Feder ausgebildete Vorsprung die Innenkanten an der Nutöffnung überwinden kann, eben, indem dieser an den Innenkanten abgleitet und dabei die Schenkel der Nut auseinander drückt.Essential to the detachable connection contributes that the component-near surface of the projection formed on the spring and the Nutöffnungsnahe surface of the recess formed on the groove obliquely or inclined in the direction of component or slot opening, so that a withdrawal of the spring from the groove is possible. The insertion and withdrawal is possible because at least one of the legs of the groove is elastically expandable relative to the other leg or wegbewegbar; In particular, the two legs of the groove material strength moderately formed such that an elastic bending outwards is possible, so as to allow the spring to penetrate into the groove, wherein the at least one projection formed on the spring can overcome the inner edges of the groove opening, just by this slides off the inner edges, thereby pushing apart the legs of the groove.
Die zur lagefesten Verbindung der Bauteile vorgesehenen Verriegelungselemente, die von aneinander angepaßten Vorsprüngen und Vertiefungen gebildet sind, werden an der Nut und an der Feder vorgesehen. Diese Verriegelungselemente können abschnittsweise auf der Nut und der Feder vorgesehen werden; besseren Halt und eine vereinfachte Herstellung' wird jedoch erreicht, wenn sich diese Verriegelungselemente über die gesamte Länge der vorgesehenen Nuten und Federn erstrecken.The locking elements provided for the positionally fixed connection of the components, which are formed by mutually adapted projections and recesses, are provided on the groove and on the spring. These locking elements may be provided in sections on the groove and the spring; However, better grip and simplified manufacture is achieved when these become Extend locking elements over the entire length of the intended grooves and springs.
Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist besonders vorteilhaft, bei der auf beiden Seiten der Feder entsprechende Vorsprünge und auf beiden Nutflächen entsprechende Vertiefungen ausgebildet sind, da damit eine doppelte Rastwirkung erzielt werden kann und somit ein fester Zusammenhalt der Bauteile erreicht wird.An embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is particularly advantageous, in which on both sides of the spring corresponding projections and on both groove surfaces corresponding recesses are formed, since thus a double locking effect can be achieved and thus a firm cohesion of the components is achieved.
Die Breite der Bauteile kann beliebig gewählt werden. Es können Bauteile jeweils gleicher Breite oder Bauteile unterschiedlicher Breite miteinander verbunden werden, um z.B. eine bestimmte Fußbodengestaltung zu erreichen.The width of the components can be chosen arbitrarily. Components of the same width or components of different widths can be connected to each other, e.g. to achieve a certain floor design.
Vorteilhaft für das ineinanderschieben bzw. das Lösen der Bauteile ist es, wenn gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 15 vorgegangen wird.It is advantageous for telescoping or loosening of the components when proceeding according to the features of claim 15.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist im Anspruch 16 gekennzeichnet. Diese Querschnittsform einer Feder mit zumindest einem darauf befindlichen Vorsprung und zumindest einer entsprechend angepaßten Vertiefung in der Nut ermöglicht ein gutes Abgleiten der Flächen der Feder bzw. des von der Feder getragenen Vorsprunges auf den Nutflächen bzw. den direkt an die Nutöffnung anschließenden Nutflächen beim Einführen der Feder in die Nut.A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung, den Zeichnungen und den Patentansprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description, the drawings and the claims.
Bevorzugt ergibt sich zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung von Bauteilen das folgende Arbeitsverfahren. Zunächst wird das Bauteil, insbesondere eine MDF/HDF-Platte an den Längs- und/oder Querseiten ausgefräst und sodann in die dadurch entstandene Nut mit Extrudaten versehen. Anschließend werden die freien Enden der Extrudate ausgefräst, so dass sie Federprofile bilden. Alternativ kann aber auch eine Nut aus den Extrudaten gefräst werden.The following working method preferably results for producing the arrangement of components according to the invention. First, the component, in particular an MDF / HDF plate is milled on the longitudinal and / or transverse sides and then provided in the resulting groove with extrudates. Subsequently, the free ends of the extrudates are milled out, so that they form spring profiles. Alternatively, however, a groove can also be milled from the extrudates.
Es kann auch während des Extrusionsvorganges schon eine entsprechende Profillerung eines sich schnell verfestigenden Extrudats vorgenommen werden und damit Zeit und Material und Kosten gespart werden. Die Profilierung kann beispielsweise umformend oder schneidend erfolgen. Neben dem beschriebenen einteiligen Arbeitsverfahren ist daher auch ein entsprechendes einteiliges Verfahren realisierbar.It can also be made during the extrusion process already a corresponding profiling of a rapidly solidifying extrudate and thus time and material and costs are saved. The profiling can be done, for example, reshaping or cutting. In addition to the described one-piece working method, therefore, a corresponding one-part method can be realized.
Die Verwendung von Kunststoff als Extrudat ist bevorzugt, da dieses am genauesten gefräst werden kann.The use of plastic as an extrudate is preferred because it can be milled most accurately.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung zum Stand der Technik besteht unter anderem darin, dass das Einbringen des Extrudates in einem Arbeitsgang mit der Bauteilfertigung erfolgen kann, die Profile einen sehr festen Halt mit dem Kernmaterial aufweisen, die Profile bei der Verwendung von Kunststoff viel schärfer und damit besser verriegelbar gefräst werden können, die Extrudate kostengünstige Materialien darstellen, eine elastische Eigenschaft der Nuten oder Federn unabhängig von den Materialeigenschaften des Kernwerkstoffs gegeben ist und man auf eine Versiegelung der Verbindungsflächen verzichten kann, da durch die Extrudate bzw. den Kunststoff, die Wasser- und Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme vermindert bzw. verhindert wird.The advantage of the invention to the prior art is, inter alia, that the introduction of the extrudate in one operation with the Manufacture of components can be made, the profiles have a very firm grip with the core material, the profiles can be milled much sharper and thus lockable when using plastic, the extrudates are inexpensive materials, an elastic property of the grooves or springs regardless of the material properties of Core material is given and you can do without a sealing of the connecting surfaces, as is reduced or prevented by the extrudates or the plastic, the water and moisture absorption.
Einsparmöglichkeiten bezüglich Material und Transport desselben ergeben sich, wenn das Fräsmaterial, also das Material, das aus der Platte beim Fräsen der Nuten herausgenommen wurde, mit anderen Bestandteilen versetzt wird und anschließend wieder in die Nut gespritzt werden kann, um daraus Nut und/oder Feder scharfkantig zu fräsen. Das Holzmaterial muss daher nicht beschafft und transportiert werden. Eine Lagerung der Fräsabfälle, sowie deren Entsorgung, entfällt.Saving options with respect to material and transport of the same arise when the milling material, so the material that was taken out of the plate during milling of the grooves, is mixed with other ingredients and then injected back into the groove to turn groove and / or spring sharp-edged to mill. The wood material therefore does not have to be procured and transported. A storage of the milling waste, as well as their disposal, is eliminated.
Erfindungsgemäß ist ferner vorgesehen, dass das Extrudat auch bis zur Oberfläche eines oder beider Bauteile reichen kann. Es bildet somit mechanisch und optisch eine Zwischenstück entlang der Kanten- der Bauteile. Es erfüllt damit eine Doppelfunktion, nämlich es dient als Verbindungsmittel und erfüllt darüber hinaus ästhetische, schützende und stabilisierende Funktionen, wobei es im Sinne der Erfindung nicht zwingend ist, dass das Extrudat auch als Verbindungsmittel dient.According to the invention, it is further provided that the extrudate can also extend to the surface of one or both components. It thus forms mechanically and optically an intermediate piece along the edges of the components. It thus fulfills a dual function, namely it serves as a connecting means and moreover fulfills aesthetic, protective and stabilizing functions, wherein it is not mandatory for the purposes of the invention that the extrudate also serves as a connecting means.
Wenn das Extrudat die Stirnseite der Bauteile bildet, kann diese Kante genauer und präziser bearbeitet werden, wodurch die Passung genauer wird. Dies verhindert ein unbeabsichtigte Lösen der Verbindung und das Eindringen von Schmutz in die Verbindung. Außerdem wird die Fuge weniger sichtbar. Die Kanten von Holzwerkstoffen sind normalerweise im Bereich der stoßgefährdeten Oberfläche besonders häufig mit Aufstiffungen, d.h. nach oben weisenden Aufbrüchen, versehen. Aufstiffungen entstehen aber auch beim Bearbeiten der Kanten und sind insbesöndere bei verlegten Paneelen, entlang der Kanten im Gegenlicht gut zu erkennen. Das erfindungsgemäß bis an die Oberfläche reichende Extrudat vermag diese Kanten zu vermeiden oder abzudecken.As the extrudate forms the face of the components, this edge can be machined more accurately and precisely, making the fit more accurate. This prevents inadvertent release of the connection and the ingress of dirt into the connection. In addition, the joint is less visible. The edges of wood-based materials are usually in the area of the impact-prone surface particularly often with Aufstiffungen, ie upwardly facing breaks provided. Aufstiffungen arise but also when editing the edges and are insbesöndere in laid panels, along the edges in the backlight easy to see. The invention reaching to the surface Extrudate is able to avoid or cover these edges.
Wenn das Extrudat wasserfest ist, wird das Bauteil, welches in der Regel feuchtigkeitsabsorbierend ist, gegen das Aufsaugen von Wasser geschützt. Feuchtigkeit führt bekanntlich zum Aufquellen, wodurch das Bauteil unansehlich wird. Ein sonst aus diesem Grund übliche Kantenimprägnierung wird überflüssig.When the extrudate is waterproof, the component, which is usually moisture absorbent, is protected from soaking up water. Moisture is known to cause swelling, which makes the component unsightly. An otherwise usual for this reason edge impregnation is unnecessary.
Das als Zwischenstück wirkende Extrudat kann in verschiedensten Materialien, Strukturen und Farben hergestellt werden. Solche Zwischenstucke bilden daher, insbesondere wenn sie eingefärbt sind, besonders dekorative Elemente und beeinflussen die Optik von Edel bis Rustikal.The extrudate acting as an intermediate piece can be produced in a wide variety of materials, structures and colors. Such interlacings therefore form, especially when they are colored, particularly decorative elements and influence the look of precious to rustic.
Die extrudierten Zwischenstücke, auch als Bestandteil der Federn oder Nuten, können beliebig gefräst werden. Damit sind auch die Kanten der Elemente beliebig profilierbar. Es können z. B. Vertiefungen und/oder Erhöhungen bei den Fugen gefräst werden. Vertiefungen und/oder Erhöhungen können Höhenunterschiede zwischen einzelnen Oberflächen der Bauteile und/oder Aufstippungen kaschieren. Beispielswelse setzt eine derart hergestellte V-Fuge besonders rustikale Akzente. Metallfarbige Zwischenstücke wirken dagegen edel und erwecken den Eindruck von aufwendig eingefassten Holzbohlen. Dadurch, dass zuerst das Extrudat mit dem Bauteil verbunden wird, und dann eine Bearbeitung des Extrudats erfolgt, erhöht sich die Passgenauigkeit, die Festigkeit der Verbindung und Wasser kann nicht in das Bauteil wegen des hervorragenden Randschlusses eindringen.The extruded intermediate pieces, also as part of the springs or grooves, can be milled as required. Thus, the edges of the elements can be profiled as desired. It can z. B. depressions and / or increases in the joints are milled. Recesses and / or elevations can hide height differences between individual surfaces of the components and / or Aufstippungen. Beispielswelse sets such a V-joint particularly rustic accents. In contrast, metal-colored intermediate pieces look classy and give the impression of intricately edged wooden planks. By first connecting the extrudate to the component and then processing the extrudate, the fit accuracy increases, the strength of the joint and water can not penetrate into the component because of the excellent marginal seal.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert, und zwar zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine MDF/HDF-Platte Im Bereich der Längs- oder Querseite im Schnitt vor dem Versehen mit Extrudat,
- Fig. 2
- die Platte aus
Fig. 1 nach dem Versehen mit Extrudat, - Fig. 3
- die Platte aus
Fig. 2 nach dem Bearbeiten des mit der Platte verbundenen Extrudats, - Fig. 4
- zwei erfindungsgemäß miteinander verbundene Bauteile in einer ersten Ausgestaltung,
- Fig. 5
- eine Detailansicht zur Erläuterung des zum Einschnappen geeigneten Profils einer Feder,
- Fig. 6
- das Profil einer Feder in einer asymmetrischen Ausgestaltung,
- Fig. 7
- zwei erfindungsgemäß miteinander verbundene Bauteile in einer zweiten Ausgestaltung, und
- Fig. 8
- eine MDF/HDF-Platte im Bereich der Längs- oder Querseite im Schnitt vor dem Versehen mit Extrudat mit einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Nut.
- Fig. 1
- an MDF / HDF board In the area of the longitudinal or transverse side in section before being provided with extrudate,
- Fig. 2
- the plate off
Fig. 1 after using extrudate, - Fig. 3
- the plate off
Fig. 2 after editing with the plate connected extrudates, - Fig. 4
- two interconnected components according to the invention in a first embodiment,
- Fig. 5
- a detailed view for explaining the snap-suitable profile of a spring,
- Fig. 6
- the profile of a spring in an asymmetric configuration,
- Fig. 7
- two interconnected according to the invention components in a second embodiment, and
- Fig. 8
- an MDF / HDF board in the region of the longitudinal or transverse side in section before being provided with extrudate with another configuration of the groove.
In
Die in den
Ergänzend zeigt
In
Die Ausbildung der Nuten 5a und 5b, sowie der Feder 6 des Verbindungsmittels 40 erfolgt in der gleichen Art und Weise, wie sie in Zusammenhang mit den
Wenn technisch notwendig oder gewünscht, können die Verriegelungselemente 7, 8 auch dann einrasten, wenn die Schenkel 3, 4 des linken Paneels 1 nicht elastisch ausgebildet sind. Die Nut 5a des linken Paneels 1 kann beispielsweise genauso aus Extrudat oder dergleichen hergestellt worden seln, wie die Feder 6, d.h. durch Auffüllen einer Nut mit einem geeigneten, vorzugsweise elastischen Material und anschließendem Fräsen der Nutgeometrie in das in die ursprüngliche Nut 5a eingebrachte Material. In diesem Fall ist es nicht notwendig, dass die Schenkel 3, 4 des Paneels, d.h. des Kernmaterials, elastisch nachgeben, wodurch die Verbindung ein besseres Aussehen erhält, sowie Schmutz und Wasser schlechter in die Verbindung eindringen kann.If technically necessary or desired, the
Es ist auch denkbar, dass das freie Ende, d.h. die Feder 6 des Extrudats 40 mit einem Spalt versehen ist, derart, dass die Oberseite und die Unterseite der Feder 6 durch Druck von außen zusammenführbar sind, wodurch ebenfalls eine Einschnappverbindung mit der Nut 5a realisiert werden kann, d.h. die Verriegelungsmittel 8 und 7 in Eingriff kommen können.It is also conceivable that the free end, ie the
Die in
Die
Wie in
Auf der Feder 6 bzw. den Federflächen 10 und in der Nut 5a bzw. in den Nutflächen bzw. Seitenflächen 9 der Nut 5a sind aneinander angepaßte Verriegelungselemente 7, 8 vorgesehen. Diese Verriegelungselemente werden von Vorsprüngen 7 und Vertiefungen 8 gebildet, die miteinander zusammenwirken bzw. einrastbar sind. Die Querschnittsformen der Vertiefungen 8 und zugehörigen Vorsprünge 7 entsprechen einander, sodass die Verriegelungselemente satt ineinander eingreifen, d. h. formschlüssig eine Einschnapp-Verbindung eingehen.On the
Im zusammengefügten Zustand der Bauteile 1, 2 stehen die Verriegelungselemente 7, 8 miteinander in Eingriff. Die Verriegelungselemente 7, 8 sind insbesondere über die gesamte Länge der Längs- und/oder Schmalseiten der Bauteile 1, 2 ausgebildet.In the assembled state of the
In
Bei der in
Die Nutfläche 10 bzw. deren Teilbereich 30 ist unter einem Winkel α zur Oberfläche 13 der beiden Bauteile 1, 2 geneigt; der hintere kürzere Flächenabschnitt 17 ist unter einem Winkel β zur Oberfläche 13 der beiden Bauteile 1, 2 geneigt. Gleiches gilt für die beiden Flächen 17' und 18' der Vertiefung 8 in dem Nutschenkel 3. Der außerhalb der Vertiefung 8 des Nutschenkels 3 gelegene bzw. nutgrundnahe Bereich der Nutfläche 9 ist unter einem Winkel γ zur Oberfläche 13 der beiden Bauteile geneigt. Unter demselben Winkel γ geneigt ist diejenige Fläche 10 der Feder 6, die keinen Vorsprung trägt und an der zugekehrten Nutfläche 9 satt anliegt.The
Zur Ausbildung einer definierten gegenseitigen Lage der verriegelten Bauteile 1, 2 kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn der Winkel α zur Nutz- bzw. Oberfläche 13 der längeren Dreieckseite 18 des Vorsprunges 7 auf der Feder 6 dem Winkel bzw. der Neigung, insbesondere des Vorderbereiches, der Federfläche 10 entspricht, die in ihrem Vorderbereich im Abstand von der Nutfläche 9 verläuft. Die verriegelungselementfreie Federfläche 10 liegt über den Großteil Ihrer Länge an der Nutinnenfläche 9 an und beide Flächen nähern sich vom Nutgrund 11 her gesehen der Oberfläche bzw. Nutzfläche 13 der beiden Bauteile 1, 2 unter dem Winkel γ.To form a defined mutual position of the locked
Für die Praxis ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Vertiefung bzw. die Nut in den oberflächennahen Nut- und Federflächen vorgesehen sind. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn in beiden Federflächen und beiden Nutflächen entsprechende Verriegelungselemente vorgesehen werden. Die Verbindung erfolgt dann selbstzentrierend, was die Montage erleichtert und ist in der Endlage selbsthemmend.In practice, it is advantageous if the recess or the groove are provided in the groove and tongue surfaces close to the surface. It is particularly advantageous if corresponding locking elements are provided in both spring surfaces and both groove surfaces. The connection is then self-centering, which facilitates assembly and is self-locking in the end position.
Man erkennt aus
In
Der Querschnitt des Vorsprunges 7 bzw. der Vertiefung 8 gemäß
Bei der vorteilhaften Ausführungsform gemäß
Bei dieser Ausführungsform geht die längere Dreieckseite 18 bzw. die von dieser Seite gebildete Fläche des Vorsprunges 7 unter Ausbildung eines Knickes 19 in den vorderen Bereich der Federfläche 10 über; der nutgrundnahe Bereich der Nutfläche 9 und dieser vordere Bereich der Federfläche 10 liegen ebenso wie der Vorsprung 7 und die Vertiefung 8 satt aneinander an; auf diese Weise kann eine sehr exakte Verbindung der Bauteile 1, 2 erreicht werden und gleichzeitig wird gewährleistet, dass die Stirnflächen der Bauteile 1, 2 unter Druck aneinander anliegen bzw. einander angenähert werden, sodass ein Spalt zwischen den Bauteilen 1, 2 an der Nutzfläche 13 bzw, ein Entfernen der Bauteile 1, 2 im Zuge ihrer Benutzung vermieden wird.In this embodiment, the longer side of the
Der nutgrundnahe Bereich der Nutflächen 9 und der dem freien Ende der Feder 6 nahe Bereich der Federflächen 10 weist denselben Neigungswinkel γ auf. Der Winkel α, den die Flächen 18 des Vorsprunges bzw. die Flächen 18' der Vertiefung mit der Oberfläche 13 der Bauteile 1, 2 einschließen, ist größer als der Winkel γ. Unter diesem Winkel α ist auch der nutöffnungsnahe Bereich der Innenkantenfläche 25' zur Oberfläche 13 der beiden Bauteile 1, 2 geneigt.The nutgrundnahe area of the groove surfaces 9 and the free end of the
Der Winkel β, unter dem die kürzeren Dreieckseiten 17,17' geneigt sind, ist größer als der Winkel α und schließt mit der Oberfläche 13 der Bauteile 1, 2 vorteilhafterweise einen Winkel zwischen 25° bis 65° ein.The angle β, below which the shorter sides of the
Für das Verbinden und das Lösen ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die nutgrundnahen Dreieckseiten 18, 18' etwa vier- bis achtmal, vorzugsweise fünf- bis siebenmal, so lang ist als die nutgrundfernen Dreieckseiten 17, 17' und wenn der Winkel zwischen den beiden Dreiecksseiten 17, 18 bzw. 17', 18' 100 bis 140°, insbesondere 1 10 bis 130°, beträgt,For joining and loosening, it is advantageous if the nutgrundnahen triangle sides 18, 18 'about four to eight times, preferably five to seven times, as long as the nutgrundfernen triangle sides 17, 17' and if the angle between the two
Zur Erleichterung des Einführens ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Innenliegenden Endkanten der Feder 6 mit Abschrägungen 12 und/oder die Innenliegende Endkante des rast- bzw. verriegelungselementfrelen Nutschenkels 4 mit einer Abschrägung 29 versehen sind.To facilitate insertion, it is advantageous if the inner end edges of the
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungsweise wird es möglich und ist es beabsichtigt, dass die miteinander zu verbindenden Bauteile 1, 2 mit ihren Unterflächen 15 in einer Ebene liegen.With the connection manner according to the invention, it is possible and it is intended that the
Prinzipiell können auf einer Nut- bzw, Federfläche auch mehrere Vorsprünge und/oder Vertiefungen ausgebildet werden, wodurch die Selbsthemmung der Verbindung in der Endposition weiter vergrößert wird.In principle, a plurality of projections and / or depressions can be formed on a groove or spring surface, whereby the self-locking of the connection in the end position is further increased.
Da das Extrudat die Stirnseite der Bauteile 1, 2 bildet, kann diese Kante genauer und präziser bearbeitet werden.Since the extrudate forms the end face of the
Im folgenden wird die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils am Beispiel eines Bodenbelags erläutert. Eine Holzwerkstoff-Spanplatte MDF/HDF oder OSB in produktionsüblicher Größe, beispielsweise 1.040 mm x 2.825 mm wird einer Kurztaktpresse oder Durchlaufpresse mit dekorativem Papier oberseitig und Gegenzugpapier unterseitig beschichtet. Nach dem Beschichten wird das Großformat auf Elementgröße, beispielsweise 195 mm x 1.250 mm aufgeteilt.In the following the preparation of a component according to the invention is explained using the example of a floor covering. A wood-based chipboard MDF / HDF or OSB in production-standard size, for example, 1040 mm x 2,825 mm, a short-cycle press or continuous press with decorative paper on the top and backing paper coated on the underside. After coating, the large format is divided into element size, for example, 195 mm x 1,250 mm.
Die so erhaltenen Telle werden nun an Fräsmaschinen Längs- und Querseitig mit einer Nutfräsung bearbeitet. Danach gelangen die vorgefrästen Teile an eine Extrusionsanlage, wo in die ausgefrästen Nuten das Extrudat eingebracht wird, Die Extrusionsanlage kann auch unmittelbar hinter der Fräsmaschine wirken, so dass unmittelbar hinter dem Fräskopf das Extrudat in die Form gebracht werden kann.The Telle thus obtained are now machined on milling machines longitudinal and transverse side with a Nutfräsung. Thereafter, the pre-milled parts arrive at an extrusion plant, where in the milled grooves, the extrudate is introduced, the extrusion system can also act immediately behind the milling machine, so that immediately behind the milling head, the extrudate can be brought into the mold.
In einem letzten Schritt gelangen die nun erfindungsgemäß an der Stirnseite der Längs- und Querseiten ausgerüsteten Paneele wiederum an die Fräsanlage zur Ausbildung der gewünschten Nut oder Federform. Auch dieser Schritt kann alternativ kontinuierlich unmittelbar hinter dem Fräskopf und/ oder dem Extruder vorgenommen werden.In a final step, the panels according to the invention, which are now equipped on the front side of the longitudinal and transverse sides, again arrive at the milling installation to form the desired groove or spring shape. This step can alternatively be carried out continuously immediately behind the milling head and / or the extruder.
Es können ebenso normale Stirnseiten ohne eine Nut mit dem Extrudat versehen werden, wodurch ein Arbeitsgang im Bereich dieser Stirnseite entfallen kann,It is also possible to provide normal end faces without a groove with the extrudate, as a result of which an operation in the region of this end face can be dispensed with,
Besonders wirtschaftlich ist es, alle Stirnseiten zunächst mit einer Nut, die zum Eingreifen der Feder geeignet ist, zu versehen. Dafür wird nur ein Werkzeug benötigt und es kann nicht zur Bearbeitung einer falschen Seite kommen. An den Stirnseiten, die später die Federn tragen sollen, wird nun das Extrudat in die Nuten gefüllt. Danach wird das Extrudat zu Federn ausgearbeitet.It is particularly economical to provide all end faces initially with a groove which is suitable for engagement of the spring. For this only one tool is needed and it can not come to the processing of a wrong side. At the end faces, which are later to carry the springs, the extrudate is now filled in the grooves. Thereafter, the extrudate is worked into feathers.
Claims (17)
- Method for producing parts (1, 2) that can be connected to each other,wherein the parts can be detachably connected by means of connecting means (5a, 6), with a first groove (5a) and a tongue (6) being provided as connecting means, and at least the tongue (6) is non-detachably connected with the one part (2) and can be detachably connected with the other part (1), comprising the following steps:a) Milling out a second groove (5b) on one side of the one part (2),b) Introduction of an extrudate (40) in a still-soft or liquid state into the second groove (5b); andc) Forming a tongue (6) out of the excess of extrudate (40) protruding from the second groove (5b),
- Arrangement comprising two parts (1, 2), in particular panels, which parts can be detachably connected by means of connecting means, the connecting means comprising a first groove (5a) and a tongue (6), and at least the tongue (6) is non-detachably connected with the one part (2) and can be detachably connected with the other part (1), wherein the tongue (6) is non-detachably connected with the one part (2) in a second groove (5b) and consists of a different material than this part (2)
characterized in that
the parts are produced with a method according to claim 1, wherein an extrudate (40) has been introduced into the second groove (5b) in a still-soft or liquid state, and the tongue has then been formed out of the excess of extrudate. - Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the second groove (5b) has undercuts into which the tongue (6) is introduced non-detachably.
- Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 or 3,
characterized in that
at least one connecting means essentially consists of plastic and/or has wood which has accumulated during the manufacture of the grooves (5a,5b). - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2, 3 or 4,
characterized in that
at least one connecting means essentially consists of a combination of plastic and wood. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2, 3, 4 or 5,
characterized in that
at least one connecting means essentially consists of a combination of wood and starchy products. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 6,
characterized in that
at least one connecting means essentially consists of a combination of wood, starchy products and hydrophobing agents. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 7,
characterized in that
at least one connecting means essentially consists of a combination of wood, starchy products, hydrophobing agents and natural or synthetic bonding agents. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 8,
characterized in that
at least one connecting means essentially consists of a combination of wood and organic synthetic bonding agents. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 9,
characterized in that
through the connecting means (5a, 6), the parts are detachably connected by positive fit. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 10,
characterized in that
the legs (3, 4) of the first groove (5a) are formed to be elastically resilient and that the tongue can be introduced into the first groove. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 11,
characterized in that
the parts are coated at their top and/or bottom side, in particular with plastic laminates. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 12,
characterized in that
the parts are formed of wood, derived timber products or based on wood, e.g. panel boards, flooring boards, laminate boards, covering boards or strips. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 13,
characterized in that
the tongue (6) consists of a waterproof material. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 14,
characterized in that
the tongue (6) has a greater strength than the other material of the parts. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 15,
characterized in that,
in particular for a connection of the parts that is strong but detachable again, locking elements that are made to fit each other and have the shape of a depression or a recess (8) or in the shape of a protrusion (7), are formed on at least one side of the first groove and on at least one side of the tongue, preferably extending over the entire length of the first groove and the tongue, in order to hold parts (1, 2) that are connected in a joined position. - Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 16,
characterized in that
one or several of the lateral edges of at least one part are non-detachably provided with extrudate which extends up to the surface of the part which surface is visible in the installed state of the part,
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SI200331361T SI1527240T1 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-05-16 | Process for manufacturing interconnectable building parts and set of building parts with connecting elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10233731A DE10233731A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2002-07-24 | Arrangement of components with connecting elements |
DE10233731 | 2002-07-24 | ||
PCT/EP2003/005139 WO2004015221A1 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-05-16 | Arrangement of parts comprising connecting elements |
Publications (2)
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EP1527240A1 EP1527240A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
EP1527240B1 true EP1527240B1 (en) | 2008-07-02 |
Family
ID=30469075
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP03732391A Expired - Lifetime EP1527240B1 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-05-16 | Process for manufacturing interconnectable building parts and set of building parts with connecting elements |
Country Status (12)
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US (1) | US7377081B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1527240B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100351480C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE399913T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003240255B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2493579C (en) |
DE (2) | DE10233731A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1527240T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2305464T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1527240E (en) |
SI (1) | SI1527240T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004015221A1 (en) |
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-
2002
- 2002-07-24 DE DE10233731A patent/DE10233731A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-05-16 SI SI200331361T patent/SI1527240T1/en unknown
- 2003-05-16 WO PCT/EP2003/005139 patent/WO2004015221A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-05-16 CA CA2493579A patent/CA2493579C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-16 AT AT03732391T patent/ATE399913T1/en active
- 2003-05-16 EP EP03732391A patent/EP1527240B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-16 PT PT03732391T patent/PT1527240E/en unknown
- 2003-05-16 ES ES03732391T patent/ES2305464T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-16 CN CNB038173816A patent/CN100351480C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-16 AU AU2003240255A patent/AU2003240255B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-05-16 DK DK03732391T patent/DK1527240T3/en active
- 2003-05-16 DE DE50310075T patent/DE50310075D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-05-28 US US10/446,456 patent/US7377081B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO2002060691A1 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-08 | Pergo Ab | A process for the manufacturing of joining profiles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50310075D1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
US20040016197A1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
CA2493579A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
CA2493579C (en) | 2010-10-05 |
ATE399913T1 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
PT1527240E (en) | 2008-09-05 |
DE10233731A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
CN100351480C (en) | 2007-11-28 |
ES2305464T3 (en) | 2008-11-01 |
DK1527240T3 (en) | 2008-10-20 |
US7377081B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 |
CN1671931A (en) | 2005-09-21 |
EP1527240A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
AU2003240255B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
AU2003240255A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
SI1527240T1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
WO2004015221A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
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