EP1495196B1 - Covering system, in particular for a floor, comprising panels and an element in the form of a string or a rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The panels for constructing a cover, in particular, a floor cover are provided with elements (18) in the form of a rod or a string which is located in a gap (11) between two such panels (1, 2). Also claimed is a resultant cover.

Description

The invention relates to a covering system, in particular for a floor, comprising panels with coupling elements in order to be able to connect panels.

A panel of the type mentioned is for example from the document US 6,324, 803 81 respectively. EP 0 698 162 B1 known. The known panel is positively locked with a second by means of a tongue and groove connection perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. The groove includes an upper and a lower flank. The lower edge is longer than the upper and has at the end a protruding locking element. In the connected state, the protruding locking element engages in a recess which is introduced below the adjacent panel. As a result, a positive locking is achieved, which acts parallel to the common surface of the two panels and at the same time perpendicular to the common joint of the two panels.

From the document EP 1 146 182 A2 For example, a flooring system is known that consists of a series of panels with coupling elements at their sides in the form of grooves and springs that interlock when the system is laid. In order to connect two groove sides of two panels together, a T-shaped plastic rib is proposed, which engages in the two grooves and thus holds the two panels together.

From the US 3,232,395 Another method is known to connect two panels together. In this method, a C-shaped connecting member is used, which holds two panels together like a clamp. In order to prevent unwanted noise and the ingress of water, a filling component made of plastic is further provided, with which the gap between two connected panels can be closed.

From the FR 2 808 826 is a generic floor covering system with panels previously known, which have on their sides via tongue and groove connecting elements and can be plugged into each other. In order to prevent the ingress of water at the upper contact joint, an elongated plastic cord is provided, which can be inserted into the upper joint gap of two joined panels.

From the WO 00/20706 Another generic floor covering system is known in which floor panels are held together by means of separate connection profiles. The connecting profile is elastic and has projecting webs with tongues which are inserted into corresponding grooves in the sides of the panels to be joined. The proposed connection system leads to relatively large gaps between the joined panels, in which a decorative plastic strip is inserted, which preferably consists of a thermoplastic elastomer. A disadvantage is that this strip can change its length, so that undesirable gaps may arise, which are not filled with a strip.

In the locked state of two panels remains between the protruding locking element and the recess a game, so that inter alia, a panel relative to the other along the common joint can be easily moved. The transition from the projecting edge to the locking element is perpendicular. The locking element protrudes vertically into the air. The recess below the adjacent panel has walls that are perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. It thus encounters a vertically extending wall or, contact surface of the recess to a vertically extending wall or contact surface of the protruding locking element in the locked state. This ensures that the panels can not be accidentally separated from each other in the laid state with greater force.

The game is also required to be able to connect two panels, for example, by a rotational movement about the common connecting joint in spite of the aforementioned vertical walls. In the aforementioned document it is stated that a clearance of 2/10 mm may be present.

The material from which the panels of the type mentioned can be made, in principle, freely selectable. According to the invention, however, especially panels are concerned, which consist entirely or predominantly of a wood material. In a parquet panel this can be made entirely of wood, Alternatively, a parquet panel include a support plate, which consists for example of HDF or MDF. Above the carrier plate, one or more parquet lamellae are applied. Below the carrier plate, a layer or a paper may be applied to effect a counteracting to avoid deformation. There are also glueless interconnectable panels known that consist entirely or predominantly of plastic, such as the publication US 04426820 ,

The invention further relates in particular to a laminate floor. This comprises a carrier plate of a Wood material. HDF and MDF are currently the preferred wood-based materials. Another typical wood material consists of glued chips. Above the carrier plate, a decorative layer is applied, which comprises a decorative paper together with a protective layer. The protective layer consists in particular of a resin which, inter alia, has abrasion-resistant particles such as corundum or SiC. Below the support plate, a Gegenzugpapier is applied to avoid the aforementioned deformations.

At present there are indications that technical laminates are gaining in importance and from which more and more panels are being produced. These are used in particular as a floor covering.

Resin-soaked papers are supplied to a press together with the carrier plate during manufacture. Under the supply of heat and pressure, the papers are glued to the carrier plate. The decorative paper already has the layer with the abrasion-resistant particles.

Panels of the type according to the invention may comprise one or more of the aforementioned features.

The above-mentioned game was considered by the experts to be too disadvantageous, since it is able to penetrate into this dust and moisture. Also visually the game is perceived as negative, since a gap can occur on the surface.

To avoid such a game is for example from the document EP 0 843 763 B1 a panel known in which instead of the aforementioned vertical contact surfaces oblique contact surfaces are provided. The slopes are such that two panels are interconnected, for example, by a rotational movement about a common joint can be without leaving a gap on the surface of the two panels due to a game. From this document is also known to design the protruding lower lip elastic, so as to allow a connection by moving in a plane.

Although in the aforementioned prior art, the perceived disadvantageous game in the joint joint is avoided. However, then, however, requires the displacement of a panel, which is connected to a second, for example, via long sides, along the common joint a great effort. As a rule, the force required is so great that tools such as hammers and impact blocks have to be used for this purpose. This can cause damage to the panels.

Due to the oblique contact surfaces and the elastic lip or flank of a groove panels can be connected to each other not only by moving within a plane, but also be solved in this way. Unintentionally, two panels that have already been laid can also be separated again if the force is applied. This problem occurs in particular when two equal-length lips are provided and the locking element, which causes the locking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the connecting joint, is located within the groove. This is then very small, because there is little space available, such as the utility model DE 29823749 U1 can be seen.

To provide two equal-length lips has the following advantages over the prior art with the long protruding lip.

On the one hand, material is saved in the production compared to a prior art, in which a flank or lip protrudes from the other of a groove. On the other hand, the spring reaches the groove very reliably. In addition, the consumer is very familiar with a tongue and groove system in which the flanks are the same length.

The object of the invention is to provide a covering system, in particular with panels of the type mentioned, in which advantages of a panel can be achieved, which can be connected with game with a second panel, without that in the installed state disadvantageous dust and moisture undesirable in the joint can penetrate.

The object of the invention is achieved by a covering system with the features of the first claim. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

According to the invention, there is a recess between two panels locked together without glue, in which, in the final laid state, there is a cord-like or rod-like element which comprises a thread which is practically incapable of being stretched and which is enveloped by a compressible material. As a flexible material, for example Teflon can be provided. However, preference is given to a material which has good elastic properties, for example rubber. However, silicone is preferable to rubber since Silicone has a suitably higher restoring force compared to rubber, which in comparison to rubber higher restoring force of silicone has proved to be advantageous.

The provision of a gap or recess between both panels allows for easier displaceability of a panel along a common joint even if there is no clearance between two panels. However, the presence of a game is preferable to ensure easy shifting. It is sufficient for this purpose a game of a few 1/100 millimeters.

The aforementioned gap or recess occurs in particular on the surface of two panels, which forms the visible part of a floor or wall cladding. From the surface then the cord or rod-like element is visible. In the locked state, the cord or rod-like element is particularly dimensioned such that it completely fills the width of the gap. Advantageously, the cord or rod-like element is slightly wider. It is then in the compressed state within the gap.

By providing a gap or a recess between the panels, in which a cord or rod-like element is, the friction is reduced, in particular compared to those panels in which the locking elements are integrally connected to the panel and made of a wood material. Thus, according to the invention, for example, panels connected integrally to the panel can be provided which consist of a wooden material and which can nevertheless be displaced relatively easily along a common connecting joint even when two panels are interlocked with one another. Is the gap with the cord or rod-like element on the visible surface, so open also as a concomitant new design possibilities. In the joint area, for example, black rubber or silicone material becomes visible. The surface of the panel may otherwise have a strong contrast thereto. This results in new optical effects, which are not known in particular in laminate panels. If a more discreet look is desired, the cord or rod-like element, as far as it is visible, is color-matched to the visible surface. Although there are also decors that have a colored border or colored edges on the surface of each panel. In contrast, the customer can freely choose the color of the border and also modify it later. So it is possible to vary the appearance of already laid panels with a relatively small effort, without having to remove the flooring. The recess provided on the surface by two adjoining panels thus offers, in addition to the technical advantage of easier displaceability, the possibility of being able to easily modify optical impressions.

The cord or rod-like element can be subsequently pressed or inserted from the surface into the gap or the recess. However, it can also already be connected to a panel. Subsequent insertion of a separate cord or rod-like element in a gap, however, has the advantage that the panels can be moved particularly easily, as long as the cord or rod-like element is not yet inserted.

Is a game between a protruding locking element and a corresponding recess available, so vertical or undercut contact surfaces can be provided. The cord or rod-like element is then compressed slightly when connecting, if it already with factory a panel was delivered connected. Despite vertical contact surfaces succeeds such a connection, for example by turning around a common joint around.

It is even possible to provide undercuts in the protruding locking element and the recess. If panels connected to one another are pressed apart parallel to the floor surface, the above-mentioned contact surfaces then interlock with one another when the locking element and the recess are arranged accordingly. A non-destructive release of the locking or coupling elements by moving in a plane perpendicular to the joint is not possible. The mentioned in the prior art unwanted loosening due to an accidental force is avoided even if, for example, a protruding edge of a groove with a locking element at the end is designed to be elastic. So if in spite of an elastic lip of a groove a particularly reliable locking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to a common joint are created, so are those contact surfaces to be preferred, which are undercut or arranged at least perpendicular to the surface.

Run the contact surfaces in the aforementioned type obliquely, as from the document EP 0 843 763 B1 As is known, a rigid configuration of a projecting lower flank or lip of a groove is to be preferred so as to provide a reliable locking parallel as well as perpendicular to a common connecting joint. If a particularly reliable connection between laid panels is desired, the protruding lip is designed to be rigid even with vertically extending contact surfaces, so that disengagement by displacement in a plane perpendicular to the connecting joint is not possible. The other coupling elements are then, if necessary, rigid. Affected by this example, a spring which causes a locking with a groove perpendicular to the common surface of the panels.

If panels are first locked together, then there is a game and is provided only then to introduce the cord or rod-like element from above into a gap or recess occurring, a particularly simple displacement along a joint is possible almost without effort. The possibility of moving already interlocked panels along a common joint is particularly desirable when two long sides of two panels are already connected and now narrow sides are still to be connected. Such a method is for example from the document EP 0855482 B1 known. In particular, when the joining regularly requires to be able to move panels along a common joint despite already locked state, the embodiment is advantageous in which a cord or rod-like element inserted from the top last in a gap or pressed into it.

The cord or rod-like element typically has a diameter or a width of at least 0.5 mm, preferably of at least 1 mm, particularly preferably of at least 2 mm. The width does not regularly exceed 10 mm, unless a larger width is desired for visual reasons. Preferably, the width is less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 3mm. In principle, however, smaller or larger widths or diameters may be provided, for example for optical reasons.

The gap in which the cord or rod-like element is, regularly has a slightly smaller width than that cord or rod-like element, in particular when compensating a game or to prevent ingress of dust and moisture into a connecting joint. The cord or rod-like element is then pressed lightly in the gap and is thus held in the gap. However, the gap may also have the same width. Only a larger width of the gap compared to the width of the cord or rod-like element or the diameter should be avoided, otherwise an undesirable gap remains on the surface and the cord or rod-like element leach out too easily, if this from the Surface has been inserted ago. An interference fit of the cord or rod-like element in the gap is to be preferred, since then the gap-free state is ensured and the cord or rod-like element is held.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cord or rod-like element is in the locked state between two surfaces which cause a lock. For example, these can be the areas that are called contact areas here. Before locking two panels, place the cord or bar-like element against one of the aforementioned locked areas. The cord or rod-like element is then in particular partly in a depression and is pushed further into this or even completely when panels are locked together. For example, a panel by a rotary motion or a lowering movement, for example, from the document DE 20008708 U1 is known, in a second latched. The cord or rod-like element is pressed into the recess. Due to the presence of a game, one panel can now be pushed further in the direction of the other panel. As a result, the depression is released again. The string or rod-like Element relaxes and thus gets between the two (contact) surfaces, which cause a lock.

If, for example, a protruding flank is provided which merges at the end through a right angle into a locking element, then the aforementioned recess is preferably located immediately before the transition to the locking element. In this recess, the cord or rod-like element is inserted or has already been factory installed here.

In the aforementioned embodiment, it may be expedient that even in the relaxed state of the cord or rod-like element, a gap or a recess remains on the surface. In this gap, a second cord or rod-like element is then introduced. Alternatively, a cord or rod-like element made of compressible material may already be attached to the surface at a joint edge of a panel. This can be advantageous to achieve the aforementioned design effects or to compensate for stresses that are practically unavoidable especially in a wood material.

If a first and a second cord-like or rod-like element are provided in a connecting joint between two panels, this also opens up the advantage that on the surface the panels can first be slightly pushed apart by means of a corresponding tool. It is thus created space to easily insert a cord or rod-like element here. Is the cord or rod-like element largely inserted, the tool is removed. The cord or rod-like element, which is located between two locking contact surfaces, then relaxes so that no gap remains on the surface.

Is a cord or rod-like element provided inside the joint between two contact surfaces, which cause a lock, this allows an embodiment in which two panels are connected by coupling elements of a panel first by a vertical movement relative to the later common surface of two panels Be brought into coupling elements of a second panel. In this case, the cord or rod-like element may for example be pressed into a corresponding depression. Subsequently, the panels are pushed towards each other. In a corresponding embodiment, a spring can enter into a groove in this push-together and thus cause a locking perpendicular to the common surface. The aforementioned cord or rod-like element finally relaxes and passes between the two locking contact surfaces.

The cord or bar-like element may have a circular or triangular diameter. However, if it is introduced from the surface last, it may be advantageous that the cord or rod-like element is designed hook-shaped on two opposite sides. If the cord or rod-like element is pressed into a gap from above, these hooks act like barbs. If the cord or rod-like element is pressed into the gap, then the visible surface of the cord or rod-like element can be made flat, so as to provide a surface finish with the remaining surface of the panels.

Opposite to the surface of the cord-like or rod-like element, which is visible from the surface, a curved recess, for example, can be provided so that obliquely protruding hooks can be pressed better into the gap.

In the embodiment with the hook and the curved lower recess is advantageous to realize a press fit.

The cord or rod-like element according to the invention comprises a thread that can not be stretched practically. The thread is then always wrapped by a compressible material. This ensures that the cord or rod-like, consisting of a compressible material element is not disadvantageously stretched by the pressing in a gap or in a recess. If the cord or rod-like element initially stretched, it will contract again when laid. This undesirable areas would occur in the recesses or columns, which are not filled with a cord-like or rod-like element.

To be particularly easy to lay, have at least two opposite sides of a panel on such locking elements, in which a connection is possible by a panel is first lowered perpendicular to the other. The one panel is arranged parallel to the second. In particular, in such a case, the narrow sides are provided with such locking elements when the surface of a panel is rectangular. The longitudinal sides are then preferably designed such that a connection usually requires a rotational movement about a connecting joint around. If a panel is connected on the longitudinal side by a rotational movement with the longitudinal side of a second panel, then a narrow side can at the same time reach the corresponding locking or coupling element of an already installed panel. It is also the narrow side of the already laid panel. Subsequently, depending on the embodiment, it may be necessary to connect the panels to one another via the narrow sides will be able to shift slightly towards each other. Typically, this last shift can be limited to a few 1/10 millimeters. In this way, the displacement in the final position compared to the aforementioned prior art is kept very low. Accordingly, the time required for laying can be reduced. It is also to be considered that a method for laying the panels, which comprises a displacement, among other things, is particularly undesirable when a panel is initially close to a wall. A tool can then hardly be brought between the panel and the wall to perform tools using the move. Moving further may be particularly undesirable if there is a small protrusion, for example because of a door frame, in a room to which a panel should possibly be closely adjacent. Then it is particularly advantageous to be able to connect panels by a lowering movement. The narrow sides, for example, in the of the document DE 20008708 U1 be known manner, as far as the coupling elements known therefrom relate to a connection by lowering.

The cord or bar-like element may have a substantially rectangular or square diameter in order to effect a surface finish on the surface.

A cord or rod-like element according to the invention has the desired elasticity or flexibility, if the width or the diameter can be reduced by compression. Solid metal or wood is not compressible.

The dimensions of the panels are preferably chosen so that they can be handled easily. In particular, dimensions below 100 cm are advantageous because then the panels can be easily transported even in the trunk of limousines.

If two rod-like or cord-like elements are provided, these are preferably such that the restoring forces that occur due to the rod-like or cord-like elements are such that no gap remains on the surface. It is therefore advantageous that a rod-like or cord-like element which adjoins the visible surface of the panels, can cause relatively low restoring forces. Panels are not pressed so much undesirable far. The restoring forces can be suitably adjusted by selecting the materials that make up the rod or cord-like element. Additionally or alternatively, the cross sections can be suitably chosen. The rod-like or string-like element adjacent to the surface therefore preferably has a larger area in cross-section than that of the other rod or cord-like element.

In a further embodiment, a cord or rod-shaped element causes a locking of two panels in one of said directions, that is, for example, perpendicular to the common surface of the panels. In particular, two panels are locked together and at the same time perpendicular to the common joint with each other when the rod or cord-shaped element is pushed into a corresponding recess.

The embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element causes a locking of two panels, in turn, allows the presence of vertical or undercut contact surfaces. So succeeds in a compound that is retained even when not foreseen force. In order to obtain vertical contact surfaces, a lock, for example, parallel to the surface as well at the same time to obtain perpendicular to the common joint of two panels, the cord or rod-shaped element in the simplest case has a rectangular cross-section. The coupling elements of the two panels to be connected include recesses, which also have a rectangular cross-section. If the two panels joined together, so for example by moving in a plane, so finally an end position is present, in which the two aforementioned recesses border with the rectangular cross-sections. They then form a channel with a rectangular cross-section. In this channel then the cord or rod-shaped element is pushed. Is the cord or rod-shaped element sufficiently wide and sufficiently high, so the two panels are locked together without a game occurs. The contact surfaces, which cause the positive locking, run vertically.

In the cited prior art, in which a connection is made on the basis of a tongue and groove connection, an elastic lip or flank together with further locking elements are provided so as to allow a positive connection by moving in a plane, damage can occur in particular when the material is relatively rigid. This is particularly the case when the coupling elements consist of a wood material, such as HDF or MDF. These easily possible damage to the coupling elements can be avoided in the aforementioned embodiment. The connection can be very stable mechanically, since vertical or undercut contact surfaces can be provided. Even at oblique contact surfaces, such as these from the document EP 00843763 B1 are known, a more stable mechanical connection can be made possible because an elastic edge is not required and the locking element can protrude relatively far.

Is a protruding edge In the from the publication EP 00843763 B1 provided known manner, it may be comparatively short, since this is not deflected when connecting down. It is saved according to material, so there is a cost advantage here.

In the prior art, as this from the publication DE 29823749 U1 is known, two equal long flanks are proposed. A recess serving recess is located inside the groove. A corresponding protruding locking element is located at a suitable position on the spring of a second panel. For reasons of space and production due to the locking element is only slightly out and has an oblique course. Accordingly, the recess is formed and dimensioned inside the groove. The resulting positive connection parallel to the floor surface and at the same time perpendicular to the joint is mechanically relatively unstable. The instability is avoided in the present embodiment, for example, by vertical or relatively steep contact surfaces when an embodiment with equal sides of a coupling element acting as a groove is provided.

In order to reach undercut contact surfaces in the embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element brings about a locking of two panels, the rod or cord-like element has, for example, a constriction in cross section. Recesses in coupling elements, in which the rod or cord-like element is pushed in for the purpose of locking, expediently have a corresponding cross-section.

In order to push the rod or cord-like element in recesses in coupling elements, so as to lock two panels together, the rod or cord-like element preferably has a smooth surface to keep occurring during sliding sliding friction forces low. The rod or cord-like element then consists in particular of low-compressible material in order to be able to avoid a gap on the surface of the panels even if no additional rod-like or cord-like element is to be introduced on the surface. As a material for the rod or cord-like element or its surface Teflon may therefore be appropriate. A rod with a metallic surface also has a smooth surface and can therefore preferably be used.

In order to thread the rod or cord-like element into recesses in coupling elements and then to be able to push them in, the rod-like or cord-like element advantageously tapers at at least one end.

Preferably, the embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element brings about a locking of two panels is provided on narrow sides of panels which have a rectangular surface. Panels are then joined together on the longitudinal sides, in particular by a rotary movement. If necessary, narrow sides of already laid panels are then pushed towards each other. Finally, the rod or string-like element is pushed in on the corresponding narrow side. Narrow sides, between which the rod or cord-shaped element is pushed in for the purpose of locking, are to be preferred, since here the distance is comparatively short. Accordingly short is the rod or to insert a cord-shaped element in order to lock two panels accordingly.

The embodiment in which the insertion of a rod-shaped or cord-shaped element brings about a locking of two panels can be combined in one panel with the coupling elements known from the prior art for the provision of a glueless connection. Particularly preferred is a panel with, for example, rectangular surface, which is preferably on the longitudinal side so that it can be connected by means of a rotational movement with a second panel without glue, so that no play between the panels remains. Such an embodiment is from the document WO 01/48332 known. In particular, this embodiment comprises a rigid, protruding lower lip or flank to arrive at a mechanically stable connection. On another side of the panel, so in particular on the narrow side, the embodiment is then provided, in which the insertion of a rod or cord-shaped element causes a locking of two panels. First, a first and a second panel are connected to each other by means of the rotational movement. Subsequently, the second panel is slid along the common joint to an adjacent, already connected to the first panel panel. Finally, the second and third panels are finally joined together by sliding the rod or string-shaped member into a channel formed by recesses in the respective coupling members.

According to the invention, it may be a parquet or laminate panel or the like. It can be square or oblong. It can be made of wood, a wood material such as MDF or HDF, stone, plastic, clay, ceramics, metal, etc.

It is thus possible by the invention to even float a floor made of stone floating.

A method for laying the covering elements or panels comprises the following steps.

A first panel has already been laid. It has laterally lower projecting flanks. In the above edge is a groove-shaped recess. Either a cord (or rod), which can be radially elastically deformed, is inserted into this recess or into a recess within the recess. The cord or the rod according to the invention consists of a chord or a thread of a material with low elastic properties, which is enveloped by a compressible material such as rubber. Due to the tendon, the cord (rod) does not change its length. A second panel is connected with one side, and preferably its longitudinal side to the first example obliquely and connected by pivoting in the common panel plane with the already laid panel so that they are connected to each other parallel to the common surface and perpendicular to the common joint by positive engagement , Depending on the embodiment, the connection can also be done by lowering one panel over the other.

A second panel is inclined to the longitudinal edge of the first laid panel and connected by pivoting or lowering with this in the aforementioned manner.

The other sides, typically the narrow sides of the panels, are such that locking elements engage one behind the other as one panel is lowered relative to the other. With appropriate positioning of the two last-mentioned panels, there is already a lock in the lowered state, the two panels parallel to common surface and perpendicular to the common connecting joint locked together. Subsequently, the two last-mentioned panels are pushed towards each other. In this case, a spring of a panel enters the groove of another panel. The two panels are thus also connected to each other vertically to the floor level. If necessary, the two last laid panels are pushed in the direction of the already laid panel, whereby a classic tongue and groove connection is brought about. Due to the classic tongue and groove connection, the two panels are locked together vertically to the common surface by positive locking.

The protruding lip on the narrow side also has a previously described groove. In the collapsed state of the two panels, the rod or cord-shaped element, so for example in the form of a round rubber can be pushed into the channel, which is formed by the aforementioned groove and the last-mentioned panel. The dimensions are chosen in particular so that a clearance remains between the round rubber and the aforementioned channel. The insertion of the rod or cord-shaped element then succeeds particularly simple.

It is a tool used, which can be designed substantially cuboid. Through the cuboid body leads through a channel. The channel starts in particular on a front side, since it is typically not obscured during use of the tool. The channel ends at the bottom and close to the other end of the cuboid body. The channel preferably has a rectangular cross-section. The cross section is elongated. The longer sides run from bottom to top. The tool is used as a laying aid for laying the panels.

At the bottom of the tool a spring protrudes. The spring is located below the channel. The spring tapers down (as viewed from the tool) and / or forward. By "back" or "to the rear" is meant in the direction of the end face, to which the channel region adjoins, which ends at the bottom. In one embodiment, the spring includes a first, forward region that is narrower than the subsequent rear region. The narrower area can be about twice as long as the thicker area. The front end of the spring can be further narrowed compared to the narrow portion to facilitate the handling described below, namely to bring the spring of the laying aid in the gap of a joint, which is provided by two panels brought together in the aforementioned manner. Providing a taper to the rear causes the laying aid can finally be pulled out of the joint again improved.

The width of the spring is initially outwardly and in particular downwardly or forwards dimensioned so that it can be inserted into the gap, which remains at least on the surfaces of two joined panels. If, for example, the spring tapers sufficiently downwards, then the spring can be brought into the aforementioned gap from above by lowering it. If the spring tapers forward, this taper is inserted into the gap, bringing the spring between the panels. The wider portion of the spring is sized to push the two panels apart as the spring continues to be inserted between the panels. By pushing apart the cord or rod-like element is compressed, which has been initially inserted into said groove.

A cord or bar-like element, preferably made of silicone, which preferably has an approximately rectangular cross-section, is introduced into the channel of the laying aid, preferably from the front side. The dimensions are dimensioned so that the width of the cord-like element is matched to the width of the channel. Furthermore, the height of the cord-like element is matched to the height of the channel. There remains a small clearance between the string-like element and the channel.

The string-like element can be easily pushed through the tool due to the game and comes out behind the spring back down. The dimensions of the rectangular cross-sections are also chosen so that the cord-like element will not twist within the channel.

When the cord-like member is pushed through the tool, the spring is inserted with a tapered portion between the first and second panels in the gap therebetween. It is then, for example, at the beginning of the joint, in which the cord-like element is to be brought into.

In one embodiment, the tool is provided with rollers for easily moving the tool along the connecting joint with the aid of the rollers. Otherwise, the tool slides over the panels. There is a risk that the surface of the panels may be damaged.

If the laying aid along the joint, which is located between the panels, moved or moved while the spring is in the gap of the joint, the panels are first pushed apart by the wider area of the spring. In this case, the first inserted into the groove first rod or cord-shaped element, which, for example, a round Has cross-section and made of rubber (round rubber), compressed. The wider area of the spring is dimensioned so that the second cord-like element, which protrudes at the bottom of the laying aid, easily enters the joint. Therefore, it preferably remains a small clearance between the cord-like element and the pressed-apart panels in order to facilitate the insertion of the cord-like element into the connecting joint. The cord-like element thus usually arrives from above into the connecting joint.

If the tool continues to move along a joint, then the connecting joint closes behind the laying aid again slightly due to the pressure which has been caused by the first, compressed cord or rod-like element. If the connecting joint has closed again somewhat, then the cord-like element is fixed due to a suitably provided dimensioning and / or shape by positive engagement and / or frictional engagement between two panels.

The tool has at the rear end in an advantageous embodiment, a role that rolls above the joint. This ensures that a smooth transition between the panels and the cord-like element on the surface is achieved.

In one embodiment, the laying aid is moved until the first transverse joint is reached. An eccentric element is slid laterally parallel to the transverse joint between the second and third panels. For this purpose, a gap or a channel-like recess is provided, into which the eccentric elongate element can be pushed. It is pushed in so that the narrower side of the eccentric element (eccentric) adjoins the two panels. The dimensions are such that This can be pushed in easily. In one embodiment, this may be a game between the eccentric element and the two panels remain.

If the eccentric element has been pushed between the two panels, the eccentric element is rotated by about 90 ° by means of a lever movement. As a result, the gap of the joint widens, which is located at the surface on the narrow sides between the second and the third panel. The rod or cord-like element is compressed, which was previously pushed into the transverse joint.

The eccentric element may be bent at one end so that this bent end can be inserted into the lateral groove of one of the two panels. So the 90 ° rotated position is kept stable. Otherwise, ensure in another way that the eccentric element is held in the twisted position. So the eccentric element can be held manually.

Another cord-like element, which has a preferably approximately rectangular cross-section, is pushed from above into the groove which is located on the transverse sides between the second and the third panel. The transverse sides are in particular the narrow sides, if the panels are rectangular. Subsequently, the eccentric is rotated back to the starting position. The groove on the narrow sides closes slightly and the previously compressed cord or rod-like element, which is preferably a round rubber, relaxes. The rod or cord-like element with the preferably rectangular cross section is now in the fixed state between the second and the third panel. The fixation may have been achieved by positive engagement and / or frictional engagement.

The eccentric is pulled out of the channel. The laying aid will continue to move until the next transverse joint is reached. In this way, the joints are provided with string-like elements that are visible from above until the panels are completely edged with the cord or rod-like elements.

It has been found that by means of the invention, the panels can be laid over a large area, without having to provide joints in the floor covering.

In one embodiment, the laying aid has a recess on the side. The laying aid is moved during laying so that the recess is aligned with a joint, which originates from a transverse side, in particular a narrow side. The recess serves to ensure that a cord or rod-like element can be easily inserted from the transverse side in such a way that it reaches completely up to the cord or rod-like element, which is brought into a joint by means of the laying aid.

In further embodiments, the spring below the laying aid is such that it tapers down over its entire length down so that the spring can be used coming from above into the joint. This is particularly advantageous when walls limit the lateral access to a joint.

In one embodiment, in the groove adjacent to the top of the two panels, there is a taper or stepwise narrowing towards the bottom. The laying aid (the boat) with the underlying spring is tuned to this groove, that the pressing apart of the two panels only is achieved due to a pressure which is exerted in the lower region, ie in the region of the constriction or taper.

Even in the compressed or relaxed state of the already inserted rod or cord-shaped element, which may be present in particular in the form of a round rubber, the spring of the laying aid is preferably with play within the joint in the upper area. This ensures that the top edge of the panels is not subjected to mechanical stress, in particular when the laying aid is pulled out of the joint. Otherwise, the top edge could be damaged undesirably and thus the appearance can be disturbed.

In a further embodiment, there is a recess within the joint between two panels, namely, this recess is in particular above the aforementioned taper or step-shaped constriction. If the cord-like element is introduced into the connecting joint, it fills this recess, and in particular due to laterally protruding noses on the cord or rod-like element. It then results in an improved hold of the rod or cord-like element in the joint and in particular due to positive engagement. The rod or cord-like element sits so very reliable between the two panels.

In a simplified, particularly inexpensive embodiment, a laying aid is used, which can be designed substantially cuboid. On one side of the cuboid body protrudes a spring. The spring is arranged in the aforementioned manner. This tool makes it possible to expand panels so that a rod or cord-like element in the joint between two Panels can be inserted without a frictional force is overcome. When the tool is pulled out again, the joints close again a bit, so that the rod or cord-like element finds a hold between the two panels. The simplified design of the laying aid can also be pushed along the joint. Behind the laying aid, the rod or cord-like element can be manually inserted into the widened area.

The rod or cord-like elements that are inserted at the transverse or narrow sides, should have at least the deck gauge length of the transverse joint to obtain a closed surface. The deck gauge length can typically be exceeded by about 1 mm when the transverse side is about 20 cm long. Either the laying aid may have a suitable cutting device, in which a rod or cord-like element can be inserted and accurately cut to the aforementioned extent. For this purpose, the laying aid, for example, a channel into which the rod or cord-like element can be inserted in particular with little play. The channel is adapted in cross section to the rod or cord-like element. A cutting tool is designed so that this, for example, by pressing down the cord-like element so that the desired length is present. This cutting tool can also be provided separately from the laying aid as a separate tool.

The material of the laying aid may be a metal such as e.g. Be aluminum. In order to produce the laying aid inexpensive, but this is preferably made by injection molding of plastic.

In one embodiment, the laying aid on a top or front side on a relatively wide role. This is preferably much wider than the rollers on the underside, as far as rollers are present at the bottom. This role at the or end face is used to finally roll over the joint again. If a rod or cord-like element protrudes a little undesirably from the joint, so can be improved. The roles in the laying aid, which serve to exert pressure on the cord-like element to bring this true in the joint, preferably made of a hard material. In particular, a metal is suitable.

The rollers at the bottom of the laying aid preferably protrude so far that the distance between the bottom of the laying aid and the panels is very low. For example, in one embodiment, the distance may be only a few tenths of a millimeter, for example 2/10 mm. In this case it is advantageous to also manufacture front rollers of the laying aid, which serve only the guide, from a hard material. In any case, the material should be so little compressible that the distance of 1/10 to 2/10 mm between the bottom of the laying aid and the surface of the panels is respected.

If square panels are used, it is not possible to differentiate between a longitudinal and a transverse joint. However, the transfer procedure is in principle identical. Along a joint, a rubber is introduced with the help of the laying aid. Transverse joints are pushed apart with the aid of the eccentric and a string-like element is inserted from above.

In one embodiment, adhesives are provided with which the cord-like element is better kept in the joint. The adhesive may already have been applied to the panels at the factory. The adhesive can be introduced in another embodiment together with the laying aid in the joint. The laying aid advantageously has a corresponding tank for an adhesive or adhesive. Over a suitable feed, the adhesive is then introduced into the joint before the rubber is put into it. So it is particularly good to provide a high quality flooring, which can also be laid by a home improvement.

On the transverse sides or the joints which extend transversely to the aforementioned joint, the adhesive can also be introduced manually with the aid of a corresponding tool or a tube.

Advantageously, panels are used in which the narrow sides are connected by lowering each other. First, during the lowering movement, a larger gap of e.g. 2.3 mm between two narrow sides of panels to be joined together. Only at the very end does this gap close by 0.5 mm. This associated displacement movement of a few lote mm is used to bring a cord-like element pressed between a joint, which is provided on the surface. Thus, if, for example, a gap of 2.5 mm remains on the surface of the similar panels, a cord or rod-like element of 2 mm width can first be inserted here. Subsequently, one panel is lowered relative to the other. The gap of originally 2 mm is thereby reduced, e.g. around 0.5 mm. Finally, the rod-like or cord-like is slightly pressed inside the joint.

The proposed coupling elements can also be used on the long sides. In the same way, the rubber can be attached here.

The material of the panels can be almost arbitrary. In the field of laminate flooring, this today consists of HDF or MDF.

However, it is not a problem to use the fasteners in tiles made of a ceramic or a stone.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments.

The embodiments of the FIGS. 1 to 6 . 8 to 12 . 15 . 16 . 19 to 23 are not formed according to the invention. These examples facilitate the understanding of the invention.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a cord or rod-like element of the covering system according to the invention. Figures 13 . 14 . 17 and 18 show embodiments according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows two interconnected panels 1 and 2. These are in particular panels for a laminate floor. The panels shown are in the example 8 mm thick. The panel 1 has laterally a 2.5 mm deep groove, which is 1.9 mm wide. This groove 3 comprises an upper flank 4 and a lower flank 5. The upper flank 4 is 2.8 mm thick. The lower edge 5 is longer than the upper edge 4. Outside the range of the actual groove 3, ie in the region of the lower edge 5, which protrudes from the upper edge 4, there is a recess 6. The recess 6 is formed by a sloping Boundary wall 7 and a perpendicular boundary wall 8 is formed. The sloping wall opens in the direction of the floor surface 9 funnel-shaped. With the perpendicular to the floor surface, a 15 degree angle is included in the present case. The sloping wall 7 serves to transition from the actual area of the groove 3 to the recess 6. The perpendicular to the floor surface 9 extending wall 8 forms a wall of the locking element 10. The locking element 10 is located at the open end the protruding edge or lip 5 of the panel 1. The locking element 10 is in the present case with respect to the bottom of the recess 6 by 0.7 mm. The wall 8 forms a contact or locking surface, which contributes to the locking of the panels 1 and 2 parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11.

The panel 2 has a spring 12 on the side. In the connected state of the two panels, the spring 12 is in the groove 3. The thickness of the spring 12 is adapted to the width of the groove so that up and down no play exists. The open end of the spring 12 has an obliquely extending boundary 13 on the lower side. It remains here a distance from the adjacent flank 5 of the groove 3. The obliquely extending boundary 13 causes the spring 12 can be easily threaded into the groove 3. In particular, the recess 13 is suitable for introducing the spring 12 into the groove 3 by means of a rotational movement about the connecting joint 11.

Below the spring 12, a protruding nose 14 is provided. As a result, a recess 15 is formed, which can be made by milling from the bottom of the panel 2. The wall 16, which forms the transition between the recess 15 and the nose 14, is perpendicular to the floor surface. The wall 16 also forms a locking or contact surface which, in interaction with the delimiting wall 8, effects the positive locking parallel to the floor surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint 11. Since the contact surfaces or locking surfaces 8 and 16 are perpendicular to the floor surface 9, this is a particularly secure positive locking between the two panels 1 and 2 achieved in comparison to the prior art, as for example from the document WO 97/47834 A1 is known. The positive locking due to the locking surfaces 8 and 16 is further improved by the fact that the projecting lower edge 5 is sufficiently rigid. The lower edge 5 is formed sufficiently rigid, if the panels 1 and 2 can not be connected by pushing together Within a plane. The connection by moving in a plane is also from the aforementioned document WO 97/47834 A1 known.

In order to further improve the positive locking parallel to the floor surface and perpendicular to the connecting joint 11, the locking surfaces 8 and 16 may be undercut. It is sufficient a deviation of a few degrees from the vertical course. The locking surface 8 is then inclined inwardly towards the recess 6. Accordingly, the locking surface 16 is inclined inwardly in the direction of the recess 15. In the connected state, the locking surfaces 8 and 16 then lock together. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the connection is to be made possible by moving in a plane. In this case, for example, the projecting flank 5 can be bent sufficiently far down so as to allow the connection by shifting in a plane. In order to make sure that, in the installed state, there is no undesirable release due to sliding apart in one plane, the abovementioned interlocking of the locking surfaces 8 and 16 is particularly advantageous. The interlocking prevents that, for example, the lower edge 5 can bend away due to shocks.

The projecting below the spring nose 14 is limited to the open end of the spring through an inclined wall 17. In the locked state, the limiting wall 17 is parallel to the wall 7. In the locked state, as shown in the FIG. 1 is shown, a game remains between the wall 17 and the Wall 7. This can be a few tenths of a millimeter. In the present case, it is for example 0.5 mm.

When the locking cam 8 contacts the locking surface 16, the abovementioned clearance of 0.5 mm occurs between the delimiting wall 17 and the delimiting wall 7. At the same time remains on the surface of the floor, a gap, for example, 2.5 mm thick. It remains between the panels 1 and 2 in the locked state so first a game. This makes it possible to connect the panels together, although the locking surfaces 8 and 16 in the present example are perpendicular or at least nearly vertical. Even an undercut is possible. The game is then typically 2/10 millimeters and more. How big the game should be expediently depends in particular on the shape and dimension of the contact surfaces 8 and 16. A person skilled in the art will determine in a particular case by a few experiments, how large the game should be at least to allow the connection even with steep, vertical or undercut extending contact surfaces 8 and 16. For this reason, it may also be expedient to provide a much larger clearance of, for example, 1 mm.

In the locked state panel 1 can be moved relative to panel 2 along the joint 11. This may be desirable when laying to bring panels to the final position. Compared to the prior art, as for example from the document WO97 / 47834 A1 is known, the move succeeds particularly easy.

In order to prevent moisture and dust from penetrating into the gap, which remains at the surface 9 of the two panels at the joint 11, a cord-like or rod-like element 18 is or is introduced. The string or rod-like Element 18 has in the present case a rectangular cross-section and thus corresponds substantially to the shape of the gap. The cord or bar-like element 18 thus terminates flush and flat with the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2.

The cord or rod-like element 18 is preferably somewhat wider than the gap into which the cord or rod-like element is introduced. In the present case, it is slightly wider than 2.5 mm. The depth of the cord or rod-like element 18 corresponds to the thickness of the flank 4. In the present case, the cord or rod-like element is thus 2.8 mm deep and sits on the upper side of the spring 12. This ensures that the cord or rod-like element 18 does not get into the gap so deeply that no flush termination on the surface 9 is achieved.

The cord or rod-like element 18 in the present case consists of a silicone material. This is elastic and can therefore be compressed.

The gap into which the cord or rod-like element 18 is inserted expands downwards. In the present case, the expansion runs funnel-shaped through the walls 19 and 20. The expansion can be minimal. It only takes a few tenths of a millimeter. By the expansion is achieved that the cord or rod-like element 18 expands in the region of the recess, if this is slightly wider than the gap. This ensures that the cord or rod-like element 18 is firmly seated in the gap. An undesirable loosening of the cord or rod-like element in the installed state is counteracted.

The cord or rod-like element 18 can thus be introduced into the gap the laying process. But it is also possible a panel 1 or 2 has already been connected to the cord or rod-like element 18 by the manufacturer. Due to the compressibility of the material can be compared to the prior art, as it is known from the document WO97 / 47834 A1 is known, yet achieve the desired effects. A comparatively easy displaceability along a common connecting joint is possible with interconnected panels. The connection succeeds even with perpendicular or undercut extending contact surfaces 8 and 16.

The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment, as in the FIG. 1 This is particularly well ensured that the panel 2 from the panel 1 can not be solved when the panel 2 is pulled in the direction of the arrow 21. In particular, with an elastic edge 5, this embodiment is particularly advantageous.

The embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from the embodiments according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 by providing a further cord or rod-like element 22, which is introduced between the locking surfaces 8 and 16. This causes the clearance between the panels to be relatively large relative to the embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 1 and 2 can be without having to enlarge the cord or rod-like element 18 on the surface 9 of the panels 1 and 2. In addition, the cord or rod-like element 22 can compensate for shrinkage effects, which can occur in particular if the panels are made of wood-based material.

If panels with a rectangular surface are used, the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 3 on the narrow sides to prefer, because here shrinkage effects particularly strong can make noticeable. On the long sides the effect of shrinkage effects is less.

If panels are made of a wood material, they shrink regularly in warm temperatures. If panels made of a wood material are exposed to damp rooms, they will expand regularly. The embodiment according to FIG. 3 is therefore preferably provided in rooms that are heated regularly. To name here, for example, a living room of a family house.

The cord or rod-like element 22, which is located between the contact or locking surfaces 8 and 16, has in cross-section regularly smaller dimensions compared to the cord or rod-like element 18, which adjoins the surface 9 of the floor. In the present case, the cross section of the cord or rod-like element 22 is designed approximately square. The square is about 1 mm x 1 mm in size.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 the recess 6 has a further depression or recess 23. The recess 23 is adjacent to the locking surface 8. In the recess 23 is when laying a cord or rod-like element 22. In the uncompressed state, the cord or rod-like element 22 protrudes partially from the further recess 23 out. If panel 2 is connected to the panel 1, then the nose 14 first pushes the cord or rod-like element 22 completely into the recess 23, as in FIG FIG. 4 is hinted at.

If panel 2 is subsequently moved in the direction of panel 1, then the cord-like or rod-like element 22 relaxes and passes between the locking surfaces 8 and 16. This state is described in FIGS FIG. 5 clarified. In itself that would have pressed together element must be elliptical. For reasons of clarity, the presentation deviates from reality.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is the length of the nose 1 2 dimensioned so that the panel 2 by a vertical lowering relative to the panel 1 in the in FIG. 4 shown position can be brought. The lowering movement is indicated by the arrow 24. Subsequently, panel 2 is pushed along the arrow 25 in the direction of the panel 1. The way the panel 2 is moved is very small and can be limited to a few 1/10 millimeters. If the displacement is very short, the times required for laying can be reduced accordingly. This is in particular the case with respect to the prior art mentioned at the beginning, for example in comparison with the prior art, as is known from the document WO97 / 47834 A1 is known.

An embodiment in which a vertical lowering along the arrow 24 is possible in a first step is preferably used on narrow sides of a panel with a rectangular surface. At the longitudinal sides of such a connection type is then preferred, in which the connection succeeds by a rotational movement about the connecting joint 11 around. Such a prior art, in which the connection is effected by a rotational movement, for example, from the document WO01 / 48332 A1 or from the publication US 4,426,820 out.

If panel 2 has been pushed along the arrow 25 in the direction of the panel 1, then the in FIG. 5 achieved situation. In the connection joint 11 is now still a cord or rod-like element 18 (finally) introduced and the connection is complete. It may suffice, panel 2 only to move one to two millimeters, according to the situation FIG. 4 according to the situation FIG. 5 to get. This route is still relatively short in comparison to the routes that in the prior art, as he for example from the publication EP 00843763 B1 is known, are required.

In the FIG. 6 it is suggested that the in FIG. 2 shown panel by a rotational movement about the connecting joint 11 around with the panel 1 is locked. In this case, the spring 12 can be relatively long compared to the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 5 be, so that a connection is no longer possible, which first a lowering movement according to arrow 24 ( FIG. 4 ). Then a relatively stable positive connection perpendicular to the floor surface in comparison to FIG. 4 reached.

The cord or rod-like element 22 may have a circular cross-section. The diameter is for example about 2 mm. The recess 23, in which the cord or rod-like element 22 is partially located, typically has a comparable width. In the example, the width would then be 2 mm. The depth can be half that size. It would then be 1 mm.

If a panel comprises two cord or bar-like elements in the above-mentioned manner, then a cord or bar-like element 18 can be introduced from the surface in a particularly simple manner, by first using a suitable tool to remove the gap on the surface against the elastic properties of the cord - or rod-like element 22 is pressed apart. In the pressed-apart state, the width of the gap on the surface is then, in particular, wider than the width of the cord-like or rod-like element 18, which is to be brought into the gap. The cord or rod-like element 18 can then be inserted particularly easily. Subsequently the tool is removed and panel 1 on the panel 2 due to the expansion of the cord or rod-like element 22 introduced. This displacement due to the expansion of the cord or rod-like element 22 stops as soon as an equilibrium of forces is reached. There then remains no gap on the surface.

The cord or rod-like element 18 on the surface 9 then protects against ingress of dust and moisture.

In the FIG. 7 an advantageous embodiment of a cord or rod-like element 18 according to the invention is shown, which is introduced from the surface. In cross-section, this cord or rod-like element 18 has a kind of barbs 26 and 27 on both sides. In order to compress the cord or rod-like element 18 particularly well laterally, a curved recess 28 is provided on the underside. Further, the cord or bar-like element 18 may, for example, have a thread 29 inside to avoid stretching effects. The thread 29 is therefore made of a non-stretchable material according to FIG. 7 is wrapped by a compressible material such as silicone.

The visible in the inserted state surface 30 of the cord or rod-like element 18 may be configured flat, in order to achieve a flat finish with the panel surface 9 can.

FIG. 8 shows two panels 1 and 2, in which the spring 12 of the panel 2 has been pushed into the groove 3 of the panel 1. The projecting flank 5 has at the top a rectangular recess 30 in section. The spring 12 has on the underside a rectangular in section recess 31. The two recesses 30 and 31 are the same width. They are located over each other when the spring 12 of the panel 2 has been completely pushed into the groove 3 of the panel 1, so that no gap remains at the common connecting joint 11. The recesses 30 and 31 form a channel into which a rod or cord-like element is pushed to lock panel 1 with panel 2 parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the connecting joint 11. The sliding of panel 2 in the direction of panel 1 succeeds up to the in FIG. 8 shown position easily, because no projecting locking element must be overcome. In the state in FIG. 8 In addition, it is very easy to move a panel 2 relative to the panel 1 along the common connecting joint, since the panels are locked only perpendicular to the surface 9.

FIG. 9 differs from FIG. 8 by a rod-like element 32 which is pushed in finally into the channel formed by the recesses 30 and 31. The rod-like element 32 is at least almost as wide as the width of the recesses 30 and 31, so that no gap occurs at the surface 9 at the connecting joint 11. The material constituting the rod-like or cord-like element 32 then preferably consists of a little or incompressible material so as to avoid the formation of a gap on the surface 9 in the connection joint 11. Metal or a wooden material can therefore be used as a material.

Form the panels 1 and 2 in the in the FIGS. 8 and 9 As shown, a closed surface, so it is expedient for optical reasons, for example, on the other sides also provide such coupling elements that a closed surface is formed. In particular, it is expedient to then form narrow sides of a panel with a rectangular surface in such a way that the final locking takes place by pushing a rod 32 inward. On the long sides are then to prefer such coupling elements, in which the connection takes place by means of a rotary movement about a connecting joint. In this case, no gap also remains on the surface 9 between two panels 1 and 2. The gap 11 is thus closed. In FIG. 10 This embodiment is shown. The contact surfaces 8 and 16 extend obliquely to allow connection by means of a rotary motion despite a lack of play. The projecting flank 5 is preferably rigid in order to ensure a stable locking of the panels 1 and 2 in the installed state.

Are the panels 1 and 2 in one of the FIGS. 8 and 9 An alternative embodiment is such that a gap remains on the surface 9 in the connecting joint 11, a rod-like or cord-like element 18, which for example consists of silicone or rubber, is expediently introduced into the latter. Suitably, the rod or cord-like element 32 is made of Teflon or a material with comparable flexibility and smooth surface. Then, the insertion of the rod-like or string-like element 32 into the channel formed by the recesses 30 and 31 succeeds relatively easily, in particular when the narrow sides of a panel are designed in this way. On the narrow sides occur in comparison to the long sides namely lower frictional forces, which counteract a pushing in

The rod-like element can be shaped differently in cross section. So this can be constricted. The cross sections of the recesses 30 and 31 are then expediently correspondingly shaped so that undercut contact surfaces 8 and 33 and 34 and 35 are present. FIG. 11 illustrates the embodiment.

In order not to have to pay attention to a particular position when pushing, the rod-shaped element has a circular cross-section. Correspondingly semicircular, the recesses 30 and 31 are formed, as in FIG. 1 2 will be shown.

The insertion of the rod 32 is particularly easy if at least one side is tapered. Preferably then both sides are pointed, so that the user or consumer need not pay attention to, with which end of the rod should be threaded into the channel.

In FIG. 11 the case is shown where the recesses 30 and 31 taper towards the opening. The associated rod-shaped element 32 has a constriction. This results in undercut contact surfaces. This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the flanks 4 and 5 of the groove 3 are the same length, since then they are relatively thin and thus relatively flexible.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which the locking element 36 of the panel 2 can be brought by vertical lowering in the recess of the panel 1. The two locking elements 36 and 37 have semicircular recesses 30 and 31, in the purpose of final locking a round rod 32 is pushed. At the connecting joint 11 no gap or clearance remains. It is sufficient for connecting a vertical lowering of panel 2 against panel 1, without panels must be subsequently moved.

If not on all sides of a panel fasteners according to FIG. 12 are provided, it is again particularly advantageous to provide an embodiment of a panel with a rectangular surface on the longitudinal sides, in which the connection takes place by a rotational movement about a connecting joint 11. This is exemplified on the FIG. 10 referenced, showing such coupling elements. On the narrow sides is then an embodiment according to FIG. 12 intended. If such a panel is connected to another on the longitudinal sides by a rotary movement around the common connecting joint, it can at the same time be connected to an adjacent, already installed panel via narrow sides, without this panel finally having to be displaced into the final position. For final locking then only a rod 32 is pushed into the channel, which is formed by the recesses 30 and 32.

The shape of the recesses 30, 31 and 37 and the locking member 37 may be of the in the FIG. 12 differed embodiment shown. It is only important that the shapes are such that finally the desired glueless locking in the directions mentioned is possible.

The embodiment succeeds in providing the following method for joining two panels. A panel 1 is brought together with a panel 2 so that recesses 30 and 31 form a channel. The coupling elements are such that the panels are then locked in a first direction. In the channel then a rod-shaped element is pushed into it. The coupling elements are such that then the two panels are locked both perpendicular to the common surface 9 and parallel to the common surface 9 and at the same time perpendicular to the connecting joint 11.

The element 32 may also consist of an elastic material with preferably high restoring force. It can then be factory-mounted in one of the two recesses 30 or 31 have been. The cord-like element then consists in particular of silicone or a rigid PVC.

A rod-like or cord-like element according to the invention is in particular present when the diameter is at least 0.5 mm, preferably at least 1 mm. If the rod or cord-like element has a rectangular cross-section, the length and width of the rectangle are preferably at least 0.5 mm, particularly preferably at least 1 mm. A rod-like or cord-like element in the sense of the invention is in particular also present if it is an independent part, which can be glued as such in one embodiment with a panel. The physical properties do not change. Then, in such an embodiment, such a rod-like or cord-like member is to be distinguished from the case where a paste or the like is applied to a panel in a flowable state, and then the paste solidifies.

Figures 13 and 14 show embodiments according to the invention, a further development of the in the FIGS. 4 and 5 represent embodiments shown.

In the FIG. 13 The coupling elements are shown on the longitudinal side of an already laid panel 1 in section. The panel 1 has laterally on the longitudinal side on a lower projecting edge 5. In the above flank 5 is a groove-shaped recess 6 with a groove-shaped recess 23. In the recess 23 within the recess a cord 22 has been inserted. The cord according to the invention comprises a string 29 made of a material with low elastic properties, which is covered by a rubber or silicone. Due to the tendon, the cord 22 does not change its length. A second panel 2 has been obliquely applied with its longitudinal side to the first panel 1 and by pivoting in the common panel plane. 9 brought. As a result, the panel 2 was connected to the already laid panel 1 so that they are connected to each other parallel to the common surface 9 and perpendicular to the common joint 11 by positive engagement.

The spring 12 of the panel 2 is in the present case just short enough to connect the panel 2 by lowering the panel 1 in the aforementioned manner. After lowering panel 2 would have to be pushed in the direction of the panel 1, to the in FIG. 13 to get to the situation shown. The spring 12 could have been longer, since a connection by oblique application and subsequent pivoting on the longitudinal sides is basically unproblematic.

A second panel 2a was obliquely attached to the longitudinal edge of the first laid panel 1 and connected by pivoting with this in the aforementioned manner.

In the FIG. 14 shown narrow sides of the panels 2 and 2a are such that locking elements 14 and 10 engage in succession, when the one panel 2a is lowered relative to the other panel 2 suitably. With appropriate positioning of the two last-mentioned panels 2 and 2a, after the panel 2a has been lowered, there is already a lock which locks the two panels 2 and 2a parallel to the common surface 9 and perpendicular to the common connection joint 11. Subsequently, the two last-mentioned panels 2 and 2a are pushed towards each other. The spring 12 of the panel 2a passes into the groove 3 of the other panel 2. The two panels 2 and 2a are thus also connected to each other vertically to the floor level, as in the FIG. 14 will be shown. If necessary, the two last laid panels 2 and 2a are pushed in the direction of the already laid panel 1, whereby a classic tongue and groove connection is also created between the panel 1 and the panels 2 and 2a. Due to the classic tongue and groove connection, the two panels 1 and 2 and 1 and 2a vertically locked to the common surface 9 by positive engagement with each other.

The protruding lip 5 on the narrow side of the panel 2 also has the previously described groove 6 with a recess 23. The recess 23 is adjacent to the upwardly projecting locking element 10, which is located at the open end of the protruding lip or flank 5. In the collapsed state of the two panels 2 and 2a, the cord-shaped element 22, which in the FIG. 14 has a circular cross-section, pushed into the channel, which is formed by the aforementioned recess 23 and the overlying portion of the latter panel 2a. The locking element 14 of the panel 2a, which extends downwardly, contributes to the provision of the channel into which the cord-shaped element 22 - as in FIG. 14 shown in section - has been pushed. The dimensions may be chosen so that a clearance remains between the cord-shaped element 22 and the aforementioned channel. The insertion of the cord-shaped element 22 then succeeds particularly simple.

It will now be in the FIG. 15a in a side view as well as in the FIG. 15b used in a front view tool 40. The main body 41 is designed substantially cuboid. Through the cuboid body 41, a channel 42 passes. The channel 42 begins at an end face 43 (front), since this end face is typically not obscured during use of the tool 40. It ends at the bottom 44 and close to the other end face 45 (rear) of the cuboid body 41. The channel 42 has a rectangular cross-section, as in the FIG. 15 b can be seen. He prefers to expand, for example toward the front side 43 in order to simplify the insertion of a cord-shaped element 18. The longer sides 45 a of the rectangular cross section are parallel to the side walls of the tool 40, that is from bottom to top. The dimensions of the cross-section of the channel 42 are adapted to the cord-shaped element 18 so that it will not twist within the channel 42. Thus, in the embodiment shown, due to the adaptation, it is practically impossible to insert the cord-shaped element 18 through 90 ° into the channel 42.

The tool 40 is used as a laying aid for laying the panels 1, 2, 2a. With the assistance of the laying aid, the cord-like element 18 is brought into the joint 11, which is formed by the panels 1 and 2.

At the bottom 44 of the tool 40, a spring 46 protrudes. The spring 46 is disposed below the channel 42. The spring 46 tapers downwardly (as viewed from the tool 41), as in FIG FIG. 15b becomes clear.

In one embodiment, the spring 46 includes a first, forwardly located region 47, which is narrower than the subsequent rearward region 48. The narrower region 47 is as-is FIG. 15a It can be seen - preferably longer, so for example, about twice as long as the thicker area 48, to make handling easy. The front end 49 of the spring 46 can be further narrowed compared to the narrow portion 47, to bring the spring of the laying aid in the gap of a joint 11, which is due to two in the aforementioned manner brought together panels 1, 2. Providing a taper 50 of the spring 46 to the rear, improves improved that the laying aid 41 can finally be pulled out of the joint 11, in particular without causing damage to the panels 1, 2.

The width of the spring 46 is initially outwardly and in particular down or forward dimensioned so that it can be inserted into the gap of the joint 11, which remains at the surfaces of two joined panels 1, 2 at least. If, for example, the spring 46 tapers sufficiently downwards, the spring 46 can be brought into the aforementioned gap 11 coming from above by lowering it. If the spring 46 tapers towards the front, this taper 47, 49 can be introduced into the gap 11 and thus the spring 46 can be brought between the panels 1, 2.

The wider portion 48 of the spring 46 is sized so that the two panels 1 and 2 are pressed apart when the spring 46 is further inserted between the panels 1 and 2 and thus the wider area 48 passes suitably between the panels 1 and 2. By pressing apart, the cord-like element 22 is compressed, which has been initially inserted into the recess 23 of the present in the form of a groove recess 6 of the panel 1.

A cord-like or rod-like element 18, preferably made of silicone, which preferably has an approximately rectangular or at least oblong cross-section, is introduced into the channel 42 of the laying aid 41, preferably from the front side 43. The dimensions are dimensioned such that the width of the string-like element 18 is matched to the width of the channel 42. Furthermore, the height of the cord-like element 18 is matched to the height of the channel 42. There remains a clearance between the cord-like element 18 and the channel 42, so that the cord-like element can be pushed through the channel 42 therethrough.

The cord-like element 18 can be pushed through the tool due to the game and reappears behind the spring 46 near the rear end wall 45 on the bottom 44 again. The dimensions of the approximately rectangular cross-sections are chosen so that the cord-like element 18 will not twist within the channel 42 as it is pushed or pulled through the channel 42.

When the cord-like member 18 is pushed through the tool 40, the spring 46 with a tapered portion is inserted between the first panel 1 and the second panel 2 into the gap 11 therebetween. The laying aid 40 is then located in particular at the beginning of a joint 11 into which the cord-like element is to be brought.

The laying aid or the tool 40 is provided in one embodiment with rollers 51 and 52 in order to easily move the tool 40 along the connecting joint 11 with the aid of the rollers 51, 52. Otherwise, the tool 40 slides over the panels 1 and 2. There is a risk that the surface of the panels 1 and 2 may be damaged.

If the laying aid 40 along the joint 11, which is located between the panels 1 and 2, moved or moved and is the spring 46 in the gap of the joint 11, the panels 1 and 2 are first through the wider area 48 of Spring 46 pressed apart. In this case, the initially inserted into the groove or the recess 23 first cord-shaped element 22 is compressed. The wider region 48 of the spring 46 is dimensioned so that the second cord-like element 18, which protrudes on the underside 44 of the laying aid 40, is pressed without difficulty into the connecting joint 11. The dimensions are preferably such that there is a small Play between the cord-like element 18 and the pressed apart panels 1 and 2 remains to facilitate the insertion of the cord-like element 18 in the connecting joint 11. The cord-like element 18 thus usually arrives from above into the connecting joint 11.

If the tool 41 continues to move along a joint 11, the connecting joint 11 behind the laying aid 40 closes again slightly due to the pressure which has been caused by the first, compressed, cord-like element 22. If the connecting joint 11 has closed again somewhat, then the cord-like element 18 is held in place by means of a suitably provided dimensioning and / or shape by positive locking and / or frictional engagement between two panels 1 and 2.

The tool 40 has at the rear end near the end wall 45 in an advantageous embodiment, a roller 51 which rolls above the connecting joint. This ensures that a smooth transition between the panels 1 and 2 and the cord-like element 18 on the surface is achieved. This case will be in the FIGS. 15 a and 15b are not shown.

In one embodiment, the laying aid 40 is moved until a first transverse joint 60 is reached, as shown in FIG. 16 which shows a view of panels 1, 2, 2a. Behind the laying aid 40, a cord-like element 18 has then already entered the gap 11.

An eccentric element 70, which in section in the FIG. 19 is shown is pushed laterally parallel to the transverse joint 60 between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. For this purpose, a gap or preferably a channel-like recess 71 (as in FIG Fig. 17 shown) at the panel 2 and / or at the panel 2a, in which the eccentric elongate member 70th can be pushed into it. The eccentric element 70 is pushed in so that the narrower side of the eccentric element (eccentric) adjoins the two panels 2 and 2a. The dimensions are dimensioned so that this can be pushed in easily. In one embodiment, a backlash may remain between the eccentric member 70 and the two panels 2 and 2a for support.

If the eccentric element 70 has been pushed between the two panels, so is using a in the FIG. 19 shown levers 73, the eccentric element 70 is rotated by approximately 90 °, as indicated by the arrow 72 in the FIG. 17 is hinted at. This widens in the FIG. 16 shown gap 60, which is located on the surface at the transverse sides between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. As a result of the 90 ° rotation, the cord-like element 22 is compressed, which was previously pushed into the designated channel within the transverse joint 60. The rotated by 90 ° position of the eccentric element is in the FIG. 18 shown.

The eccentric member 70 may be bent at the end of the lever 73 so that this bent end 74 can be inserted into the lateral groove of one of the two panels 2 or 2a. Thus, the 90 ° rotated position of the eccentric member 70 is held. Otherwise, otherwise ensure that the eccentric member 70 is held in the rotated position.

In order to facilitate the introduction of the eccentric element 70 into the channel 71 provided for this purpose or a sufficiently wide gap, this preferably has a taper 75. This tapered region is first introduced into the channel 71 provided for this purpose or the sufficiently wide gap provided for this purpose.

Another cord-like element 18, which has a preferably approximately rectangular or oblong cross-section, can be pressed from above into the gap which is located on the transverse side 60 between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. It may alternatively be pushed in from the side, especially since the dimensions in this position are such that the string-like element 18 is in the joint with play, as in FIG FIG. 18 is clarified.

The transverse side 60 is in particular a narrow side if the panels 1, 2, 2a have a rectangular surface.

Subsequently, the eccentric 70 is rotated back to the starting position. The groove on the transverse side 60 closes slightly and the previously compressed cord-like element 22 relaxes. The cord-like element 18 with the preferably rectangular cross-section is now in the fixed state between the second panel 2 and the third panel 2a. The fixation may have been achieved by positive engagement and / or frictional engagement. According to FIG. 17 the fixation is achieved in particular due to positive locking, but also due to traction, since then the cord-like element 18 is slightly pressed with the preferred elongated cross-section in the joint.

The eccentric 70 is then pulled out of the channel 71 or a corresponding gap. The laying aid 40 is moved on until the next transverse joint is reached. In this way, the joints 11, 60 (or column) are provided with string-like elements 18, which are visible from above, until the panels 1, 2, 2a are completely surrounded by the cord or rod-like elements 18.

It has been shown that the panels can be laid over a large area, without having to provide joints in the floor covering.

In one embodiment, the laying aid 40 laterally has a recess. The laying aid 40 is moved during laying so that the recess is aligned with a joint, which originates from a transverse side 60, in particular a narrow side. The recess serves to ensure that a cord-like or rod-like element can be easily inserted from the transverse side 60 so that it reaches completely up to the cord or rod-like element 18, which is brought into a gap 11 by means of the laying aid.

In a further embodiment, the spring 46 below the laying aid is such that it tapers over its entire length downwards so that the spring can be used coming from above into the joint. This is particularly advantageous when walls limit the lateral access to a joint.

In one embodiment, there is in the joint 11, which borders on the top 9 of the panels 1, 2, 2a, a taper or step-shaped narrowing 76 downwards. The tool 40 with the underlying spring 46 is then matched to this gap with the constriction 76, that the pressing apart of the two panels 1 and 2 is achieved only due to a pressure in the lower region, ie in the region of the constriction 76 and Rejuvenation is exercised.

Even in the compressed or relaxed state of the already inserted rod or cord-shaped element 22, which in particular has a circular cross-section, the spring 46 of the laying aid 40 is with play within the joint 11, as far as the upper region, ie above the It is thereby achieved that the upper edge of the panels 1 and 2 is not subjected to any mechanical stresses, in particular when the laying aid 40 is pulled out of the connecting joint 11. Otherwise, the upper edges of the panels 1 and 2 could be damaged undesirably and thus the appearance may be impaired,

In a further embodiment, there is a recess 77 within the joint 11 between two panels 1 and 2, namely, this recess is in particular above the aforementioned taper or stepped narrowing 76. If the cord-like element 18 is introduced into the connecting joint 11, it fills This recess 77 and in particular due to laterally on the cord or rod-like element 18 projecting lugs 78, It then results in an improved hold of the rod or cord-like element 1 8 in the joint 11 and indeed because of the positive connection thus achieved, The rod or string-like element 18 is then so particularly reliable between the two panels 1 and 2.

In one embodiment, the laying aid 40 on a top or front side on a relatively wide roller 80, which are in particular wider than the wheels or rollers 51 and 52. This is therefore preferably much wider than the rollers on the bottom. This roller 80 on the upper or front side serves to finally roll over the connecting joint 11, 60 again. If a rod or cord-like element 18 protrudes a little undesirably from the joint 1 1, 60, can be improved. The rollers 52 and 80 in the laying aid 40, which serves to exert pressure on the cord-like element 18, in order to introduce this into the connecting joint 11, 60, are preferably made of a hard material. In particular, a metal is suitable.

The rollers 51, 52 at the bottom of the laying aid 40 preferably protrude so far that the distance between the bottom of the laying aid and the panels 1, 2 is very small. For example, in one embodiment, the distance may be only a few tenths of a millimeter, for example 2/10 mm. In this case, it is advantageous also to manufacture front rollers 51 of the laying aid 40, which serve only the guide, from a hard material. The material should in any case be so little compressible that the distance of 1/10 to 2/10 mm between the bottom of the laying aid 40 and the surface 9 of the panels 1, 2 is maintained.

FIG. 20 shows a further embodiment, namely panels 2 and 2a, in which at least one side can be connected to each other by lowering. This is to be understood that a panel 2a can be held parallel to the already laid panel 2 and lowered for the purpose of connecting. During lowering, the parallel position can be maintained. If panel 2a has been lowered so far that it is in the same plane as panel 2, then there is a downwardly projecting nose 14 in an upwardly open recess 6. Parallel to the surface 9 and perpendicular to the joint are the panels. 2 and 2a then locked together by positive locking. The locking element directed upwards at the end of the lower protruding lip 5 has then been slightly bent away towards the outside, which can be favored in particular by a bevel 90 which advantageously lies below the locking element.

First, on the surface 9 of the panels 2, 2 a, a gap of, for example, 2.5 mm remains. If a cord-like element of, for example, 2.2 mm width is inserted into this gap, this is easily achieved since there is a clearance is. After inserting the cord-like element panel 2 is pushed approximately 0.5 mm in the direction of the panel 2, so that the here relatively short spring 12 enters the groove 3 and thus a locking is obtained vertically to the surface 9. This displacement movement of a few 10 mm is used to bring the cord-like element pressed between the connecting joint, which is provided on the surface 9.

The coupling elements according to FIG. 20 can be used on all sides, Since the locking in the vertical direction is relatively weak, it is preferable to use these coupling elements, which comprise a relatively short in the groove 3 protruding spring 12, only on transverse sides 60.

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment which is preferable when only a rod or cord-like element 18 is brought from the upper side 9 forth between two panels 1 and 2. If the cord-like element is not brought between the two panels 1 and 2 in a manner shown, so the two panels are preferably locked together so that a small game remains.

In the FIG. 21 shown panels 1 and 2 are such that at the top of the joint 11 a gap remains. The gap is preferably somewhat less wide (a few tenths of a millimeter) than the rod or cord-like element 18. If the rod-like or cord-like element is pressed into the gap from above, then it will then be pressed into the gap slightly compressed. This ensures that the top is sealed watertight. Moisture problems are avoided

The in FIG. 21 shown gap extends in the embodiment shown to the top of the spring 12. Off For manufacturing reasons, this is expedient, but not necessary for the execution of the invention.

In order to ensure a precise and reliable fit of the rod or cord-like element 18 between the panels 1 and 2, this is held by positive engagement in the desired position. In the present case, there are within the gap at least one, preferably two protruding lugs 95, which are laterally connected to the respective panel. These protruding noses not only serve the aforementioned positive connection, but also form a constriction in the interior of the groove. The narrowing of the groove is advantageous in order to be able to press apart the two panels by means of a tool (laying aid) in the manner already described, without damaging the edges at the surface 9.

A rod or cord-like element 18, as it is in the in FIG. 21 shown panels 1 and 2 is used in the Figures 22 and 23 shown in section. It has at least one preferably two recesses 96 laterally. The recesses 96 cooperate with the protruding lugs 95, thereby achieving the desired form fit.

On the underside of the rod-like or cord-like element 18, there is preferably a groove 97. In this way, the rod-like or cord-like element 18 has two legs, which can easily be pressed together sufficiently. It is then particularly easy to push the rod or cord-like element 18 into the intended gap in the joint 11.

At the bottom, the rod or cord-like element 18 tapers like a funnel. By the corresponding inclined surface areas 98 ensures that the rod or string-like element 18 can easily be brought into the gap,

This in FIG. 22 shown rod or cord-like element 18 is preferably made of a relatively hard, but still sufficiently elastic material, such as a hard PVC material.

To be preferred is the in FIG. 23 shown embodiment. Here, an upper portion 99 of the rod or string-like member 18 is made of a comparatively soft elastic material such as a soft PVC material when the lower portion 100 is made of a relatively hard material such as hard PVC. The area made of harder material ensures particularly well the proper reliable seat of a rod or string-like element between two panels 1 and 2. The part of a relatively soft area 99 ensures that the rod or cord-like element 18 can be compressed here as well. This ensures that the rod or cord-like element 18 can completely enter the gap between two panels 1 and 2, even if this is somewhat narrower. The upper portion 99 is then advantageously slightly pressed between the two panels to protect against moisture, dust, etc. to penetrate.

Claims (9)

1. Covering system, in particular for a floor, comprising panels (1, 2, 2a) and at least one cord-like or bar-like element (18, 22), whereby the panels are provided on at least one of their sides with coupling elements (3, 12, 6, 14), in order to couple panels with each other, wherein the coupling elements are shaped, such that two panels (1, 2, 2a) can be coupled by a form fitting connection vertically to the common joint (11) as well as at the same time parallel to the surface (9) and vertical to the common surface (9), whereby at the joint between these panels in the finally installed condition a clearance (11) exists, into which in the installed condition the cord-like or bar-like element (18, 22) is inserted, characterized in that the cord-like or bar-like element (18, 22) comprises a practically non-expandable thread (29), which is surrounded by a compressible material.
2. System according to claim 1, comprising panels (1, 2, 2a), in which the cord-like or bar-like element (18, 22) is wider than the width of the clearance, in particular if the panels (1, 2, 2a) are coupled with each other and whereby the compressible material consists of teflon, silicon or rubber.
3. System according to any of the preceding claims, whereby the at least one panel (1, 2, 2a) comprises a carrier board made from a wooden material, in particular made from HDF or MDF, and whereby a decor paper or a décor is provided on the upper side (9).
4. System according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cord-like or bar-like element (18, 22) which is separate from the panels (1, 2, 2a) is held in the clearance (23, 11, 60) by means of a press fitting and/or form fitting and/or force fitting.
5. System according to any of the preceding claims comprising panels (1, 2, 2a) having a play, which occurs between two coupled panels (1, 2, 2a) at least in the case when no cord-like or bar-like elements (18, 22) are present between the two panels (1, 2, 2a).
6. System according to any of the preceding claims, comprising panels (1, 2, 2a) having a clearance, which is accessible from the top side (9) of the panels, which occurs in coupled condition of two panels at the connecting joint (11, 60) and which comprises in its interior a widening (77), which is preferably arranged above or underneath a tapering or constriction (76, 95).
7. System according to any of the preceding claims, comprising panels (1, 2, 2a) wherein from a common surface (9) a visible cord-like or bar-like element (18) is arranged in a clearance (11), which comprises underneath the surface (9) a widening (19, 20, 77).
8. Covering, in particular for a floor, made from the system (1, 2, 2a, 18, 22, 32) according to any of the preceding claims.
9. Covering according to the preceding claim, wherein each panel is bordered with cord-like or bar-like elements (18), which are visible from the common surface (9).

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