EP1380710B1 - Flooring panel and method of laying a flooring panel - Google Patents

Abstract

Floor panel (1) comprises an upper side (15) provided with a decorative layer (16), a lower side (7) for placing on a subconstruction, and devices for removably connecting at least two panels. A tongue (10) extending in the longitudinal direction is formed on at least one first side edge of a first panel and a corresponding groove (3) is formed on the opposite-lying second side edge. The groove has an upper lip (4) and a lower lip (6) with a protrusion (9) having an upper side (5) and a front side (8) which blocks with a corresponding undercut (13) of the tongue the panels in the transverse direction (Q). A groove with a bearing region (14) corresponding to the protrusion adjoins the undercut. The bearing region and the upper side of the protrusion are inclined at an angle (mu) to the upper side so that on the vertical introduction of force a force component forces the panels toward each other. Independent claims are also included for processes for laying a floor panel.

Description

The invention relates to a floor panel according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for laying a floor panel.

From the WO 01/75247 A1 a floor panel of the type mentioned is known, which has at a first side edge connecting means for locking in the transverse and vertical directions. These locking means are arranged on the longitudinal side of the panel and effect the locking by inserting and pivoting the connecting means into a corresponding recess of a second panel. The transverse side of the panel has two snap hooks, which engage in corresponding undercuts of an adjacent panel during installation and impede the vertical movement between the laid panels. The two snap hooks lie in vertical direction with each other.

A disadvantage of such a profile is the fact that to ensure a minimal butt joint on the surface of the panel, the connecting means on the longitudinal side must be formed so that in the connection a bias Otherwise, there is an excessively large gap between two installed panels, where dirt and moisture can penetrate, causing swelling of the panel core. Furthermore, a bias within the profile has the disadvantage that the panels are difficult to install, if this bias is too large.

The WO 01/51732 A1 describes a panel element for forming a floor covering from a plurality of similar, interconnectable panel elements. Two first sides of each panel element, referred to as longitudinal sides, have a groove on the one hand and a spring on the other hand, wherein the spring of a panel element attached obliquely to the laying plane of a first, similar panel element can be inserted into the groove of the first panel element. The spring cooperates with the groove of the adjacent, similar panel element in such a way that two panel elements which are connected to one another are secured against separation forces acting in both axes perpendicular to the longitudinal side of the panel elements.

The DE 202 03 311 U1 describes a panel member having an upwardly open groove having two contact points for a downwardly directed rib of a second panel member. About the contact points locking in the vertical direction is effected. The positive engagement of the rib in the groove causes a lock in the laying plane.

The WO 01/02669 A1 describes a panel and a fastening system for panels with formed on opposite end faces tongue and groove profiles. The spring has a downward curvature, so that two panels can be connected to each other pivotally.

The WO 97/47834 A1 describes a floor panel with mutually opposite end faces formed groove and tongue profiles, in which at the bottom of the spring, a curved portion is formed in order to pivot a profile in the other can.

The DE 35 44 845 A1 describes a profile edge board for the production of wood panels, in which in the end faces of two boards angularly aligned surfaces are formed, which ensure a parallel alignment of the boards to each other in a gluing.

The DE 79 28 703 U1 describes a plate for a composite of these plates playing surface having form-fitting elements with bearing surfaces at the edges.

The WO 03/038210 A1 which is post-published and is irrelevant to the question of inventive step, describes a floor panel with a groove and a corresponding spring, which are arranged on the respective end face of a panel. The spring has a substantially vertical front portion, which merges rounded in a flat support area at the foot of the spring. The profile of the groove and the spring is respectively formed so that a lock in the horizontal and vertical directions is effected.

The WO 02/103135 A1 , which is post-published and not relevant to the question of inventive step, describes plates with side-mounted locking elements, with which two of the plates can be laterally connected by a form-fitting without glue. The locking elements are designed as more or less straight groove and spring elements. For locking in the horizontal direction, a downward spring is present, which is against a correspondingly arranged Wall supports. An inclined support surface adjoins the vertical wall.

Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a panel with which a simple and safe installation is possible and at the same time a minimal joint between two panels is realized.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a floor panel having the features of claim 1. The methods for laying such a profile allow a quick and easy installation, with the durable locking of the panels is ensured with each other.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are listed in the dependent subclaims.

By forming a bearing area and a heel top at an angle to the top, a vertical load force component is generated in the transverse direction. The inclination is designed in such a way that at a vertical introduction of force the laid panels are moved toward each other, so that the original installation is free of bias, which facilitates the installation as such. In the case of a vertical load, a possibly existing gap closes, and the gap between two panels in the region of the decorative layer tends towards zero. The tension-free laying on one side edge prevents unwanted destruction of the profile. The spring and the recess have an arcuate contour in cross-section. The arcuate front portion of the spring forms an undercut, which connects directly to the front area. As a result, a slight swinging of the profile can be made possible.

In a further development it is provided that in order to provide a sufficient range of motion of the panels to each other to the support area a wall connects, which is formed in the assembled state to form a clearance to the front sales side of this opposite.

For locking in the vertical direction on the first side edge, it is provided that an upper side of the spring rests in the mounted state on an underside of the upper lip in order to effect a positive locking.

In a further development of the invention it is provided that on the first side edge in the longitudinal direction of the side edge extending spring and on the opposite side edge corresponding to the spring recess is formed, wherein the spring is designed such that a lock by insertion into the recess the second panel and pivoting about an axis parallel to the first side edge takes place. The formation of the connecting elements on the first side edge as a so-called pivoting profile allows easy and safe installation and effective locking in the vertical and transverse directions. By dispensing with an elastic deformation during installation by pivoting the material structure of the panels is maintained and a good strength of the connection is ensured. Overall, a lock on such a Einschwenkprofil be performed stable with the same effort during installation.

The formation of the recess as a groove with an upper lip and a lower lip ensures that a reliable assignment of the panels to be laid is done to each other, so that a minimal height offset of the panels can be achieved, which is a quality feature in floor panels. The spring is latched in the transverse direction in the recess.

In order to absorb possibly existing abrasion, which may arise during the laying of the first side edges, without this pushing the panels apart, the spring and the recess are formed such that in the assembled state between the front region of the spring and the adjoining the upper lip region of the recess, there is a gap in which the abrasion can accumulate and serves as a movement space of the two panels each other. The gap tapers toward the front lip of the lower lip to provide a smooth transition between the areas of full surface area and clearance for moving and accumulating debris. Any existing abrasion can also be absorbed in a space formed between the spring and the top of the panels by an undercut.

At a third, at an angle to the first side edge extending form-fitting elements are designed for locking in the vertical direction with another panel, said interlocking elements at two spaced apart, substantially vertically oriented walls in the transverse direction and in the vertical direction spaced from each other, are formed. As a result, two spatially separated locking points on the third side edge, in particular the transverse side, created, whereby a safer locking of each other laid and laid panels is guaranteed. The arrangement of the interlocking elements on two different walls increases the stability of the entire connection and prevents the result of deformation and abrasion of the interlocking elements as a result of a plurality of interlocking elements arranged one behind the other sliding over each other. This ensures the effectiveness of the lock.

The third side edge has, in one embodiment of the invention, an outgoing from the bottom, step-shaped cutout with an inner wall and an outer wall. On each of these walls, a form-locking element extending in the transverse direction is formed, preferably milled out, into corresponding undercuts of a step-shaped cutout of the second panels to be connected, starting from the upper side intervention. The step-shaped cut-out starting from the upper side likewise has an inner and an outer wall, on which the corresponding undercuts are formed, so that a positive locking in the vertical direction can occur at the third side edge.

The step-shaped cut-out starting from the underside has a shoulder projecting in the direction of the underside, which forms a substantially horizontally oriented head surface, this shoulder providing a locking effective in the transverse direction perpendicular to the third side edge. The substantially horizontally oriented head surface is used to set the minimum height offset and provides a relatively large contact surface for introducing vertically acting forces.

The walls of the shoulder are aligned to the top surface at an acute angle, which has either an easy insertion into a corresponding recess of the corresponding cutout of the second panel or when forming an undercut to the top surface an additional locking effect result.

It has been found that a transverse extension of the top surface in a range of 2 mm to 6 mm provides very good durability values and a very good locking effect, wherein preferably the top surface has 0.25 to 0.4 times the total transverse extent of the step-shaped cut-out.

A particularly effective and simple locking on the third side edge is given when a positive locking element protrudes horizontally beyond the terminal edge of the top. It may be expedient that a recess is arranged between the upper side and the outstanding positive locking element, which undercut the end edge of the panels in order to absorb any existing abrasion or deforming material of the panels, so that the most accurate installation possible with minimum gap width, since no abraded or deformed material exerts a barrier effect.

The third side edge of the opposite fourth side edge of the panels has an outgoing from the top, step-shaped cutout with a projecting towards the top paragraph. This paragraph also has a substantially horizontally oriented head surface, wherein in the lower region of the Absatzaußenwandung an undercut is formed, which corresponds to the corresponding positive locking element of the inner wall of the male side edge. The arrangement of the recess in the lower portion of the Absatzaußenwandung increases the effectiveness of the lock.

A further development provides that a horizontal base surface is formed between the inner wall of the recess and the inner wall of the cutout, which is designed in such a way that, when the panels are laid, the top surface rests on the base surface and the tops of the panels lie in one plane, which means There is a minimum or no height offset between the panels. Due to the interaction of horizontal base surfaces and top surfaces, a particularly accurate assignment and adjustment of the height offset is possible, as well as the Abwinkelneigung adjacent panels is reduced, which increases the strength of the lock.

The heel inside of the cutout emanating from the top extends parallel or at a shallower angle than the corresponding heel inside of the heel engaged to either make a precise abutment or to provide a component of movement for the two panels in the transverse direction.

By forming an undercut through the heel inner wall to the top surface of the corresponding paragraph an additional locking effect is achieved.

In order to effect a particularly simple installation, the upwardly projecting shoulder of the cut-out starting from the upper side is not formed over the entire length of the third side edge, but is in particular at an end region of the third side edge, which is in the direction of the spring-loaded first Side edge is directed, milled to the base surface or not formed. The removal or non-formation of the protruding shoulder facilitates pivoting about the axis parallel to the first side edge, so that a blocking effect by the positive locking elements only takes place when the adjacent to each other at the third and fourth side edges panels are at an acute angle to each other. This means that only a short distance in the vertical direction must be covered in order to fully lock the panels at the third and fourth side edges.

In a further development of the invention, it is provided that at least one spring is formed on the third side edge, which runs at an angle to the first side edge, and at least one groove with a first lip and a second lip on the opposite fourth side edge, wherein the spring and at least on each of the lips at least one parallel to the top extending recess is arranged. The recesses are mutually arranged such that they form a channel for receiving a separate locking element with correctly connected panels. By this configuration, it is possible to use a conventional spring / groove configuration for locking in the vertical direction, as used for decades in floor panels which are glued together. The locking in the vertical direction is effected by the insertion of the locking element, whereby a tension-free and thus easy mounting of the third or fourth side edge of a panel. Also, the profile is not damaged and the production of the profile is simple and inexpensive.

Preferably, the recesses are congruent to each other, so that a symmetrical locking element can be used, which is also inexpensive to produce. In particular, it is advantageous if the channel formed by the recesses is cylindrical, thereby the complete symmetry of the channel, the insertion of the locking element can be accomplished particularly easily. Alternatively, triangular or quadrangular polygonal X or V-shaped channels are provided and suitable. If the channel is not round in cross-section, arises after insertion of the locking element, a toothing effect, so that the transferable forces are increased in the connection point.

To achieve a secure locking of the entire panels, it is provided that the channel extends over the entire length of the tongue and groove, whereby the force-transmitting surface is increased. The channel preferably runs below and parallel to the butt joint of the panels in order to be able to absorb or introduce forces as close as possible to the butt joint of the panels.

In a variant of the invention, it is provided that the groove and the spring are formed such that they effect a locking in the transverse direction, so that a so-called laying profile is formed, in which a panel can be inserted into the other from above, a shift in However, the laying level is not possible. This ensures a particularly accurate assignment of the panels to each other and realized a very large bearing surface with a simple profile design. By inserting a advantageously made of plastic or metal locking element in the recesses or in the channel a force component in the transverse direction is generated with a corresponding dimensioning of the locking element, so that the butt joint is minimized. Depending on material design and dimensioning can be a resilient bias between the panels at the third and fourth side edge.

Advantageously, the first side edge is formed on the longitudinal side and the second side edge on the transverse side of the panel, so that the Einschwenkbewegung takes place over the longitudinal side. In this way it is ensured that a large locking length is achieved by means of the secure and stable pivoting lock. Alternatively, it is provided that the spring and corresponding thereto on the opposite side surface, the groove is formed on the transverse side and a positive locking takes place via the insertion into a cut-out introduced on the longitudinal side.

A particularly stable locking of two floor panels is achieved in that a side edge is formed with a spring, wherein the spring is designed such that a locking takes place by insertion into a recess of the second panel and pivoting about an axis parallel to the first side edge. By this insertion and pivoting a locking is effected both in the transverse direction and in the vertical direction, wherein the recess is formed as a groove having an upper lip and a lower lip, in which the spring is latched in the transverse direction. The lower front area is rounded and at this front area is followed by a flattened, substantially horizontally extending support area, through which the effective support surface is increased. Also by this support area as accurate as possible assignment of the two panels is effected to each other, so that a maximum accuracy in terms of height offset and a minimum Abwinkelneigung is achieved.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the floor panel is at least partially made of a HDF or MDF material. Alternatively, the entire floor panel may be made of OSB material be. The use of an OSB material results in a natural wood look as well as a textured surface.

A method for laying a floor panel provides that first a plurality of panels are connected and locked at their second side edges for laying out a first row on the floor of a room. Subsequently, another panel is connected and locked with its first side edge on at least one panel designed in the row as the beginning of a second row by inserting and pouring the spring into the corresponding groove. A new panel is placed with its second side edge immediately abutting on the second side edge of the previously designed further panel in the second row opposite side edge, wherein the spring is inserted in the groove and the new panel is angled to the first row of laid-out panels.

Subsequently, the new panel is pivoted about an axis parallel to the first side edge in the direction of the floor until the interlocking elements of the second side edge of the new panel rest against the corresponding cutout of the further panel. Finally, the new panel is depressed until a positive locking has taken place over the entire length of the second side edge. A further embodiment provides that the pressing down is preferably pulse-like, in particular by means of one or more hammer blows or a hand ball assembly.

An alternative method of laying provides that the placing of the new panel takes place at a distance between the third side edge and the fourth side edge of a previously designed further panel, wherein the spring is not inserted into the groove. The new panel is angled to the first row of laid-out panels. Anschießend the new panel is pivoted about an axis parallel to the first side edge in the direction of the floor and moved along the first side edge until the spring in the groove to form a butt joint and a channel is recorded. Subsequently, a locking element is inserted into the channel and causes a locking in the transverse direction along the first side edge.

In one embodiment, the profile of the third and fourth side edge such that the groove and spring causes a locking in the transverse direction, arranging a new panel with its third side edge is directly abutting the fourth side edge of the previously designed further panel, wherein the spring in the Groove is inserted and the new panel is angled to the first laid out panels. Subsequently, the new panel is pivoted about an axis parallel to the first side edge in the direction of the floor until the spring is received in the groove to form a butt joint and a channel. Subsequently, a locking element is inserted into the channel to lock the panels and prevent pivoting in the horizontal direction.

Figur 1 -

eine Querschnittsansicht eines Fussbodenpaneels mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Seitenkante;

Figur 2 -

zwei miteinander verbundene Paneele an der Verbindungsstelle im Teilquerschnitt;

Figur 3 -

ein Fussbodenpaneel in Querschnittsansicht mit einer dritten und vierten Seitenkante;

Figur 4 -

zwei miteinander verbundene Paneele gemäß Figur 3 an einer Verbindungsstelle der dritten und vierten Seitenkante;

Figur 5 -

eine alternative Ausgestaltung der dritten und vierten Seitenkante im Teilquerschnitt;

Figur 6 -

zwei verriegelte Paneele an der dritten und vierten Seitenkante einer dritten Ausführungsform;

Figur 7 -

zwei verriegelte Paneele der dritten und vierten Seitenkante im Schnitt in einer vierten Ausführungsform;

Figur 8 -

die Ausgestaltung von Feder und Nut in einer fünften Ausgestaltungsform;

Figur 9 -

die Ausgestaltung von Feder und Nut in einer sechsten Ausführungsform; sowie

Figuren 10 - 13 -

Varianten der Ausgestaltung der Nut und Feder sowie eingeschobener Verriegelungselemente.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in different figures indicate like objects. Show it:

FIG. 1 -

a cross-sectional view of a floor panel having a first and a second side edge;

FIG. 2 -

two interconnected panels at the junction in the partial cross section;

FIG. 3 -

a floor panel in cross-sectional view with a third and fourth side edge;

FIG. 4 -

two interconnected panels according to FIG. 3 at a junction of the third and fourth side edges;

FIG. 5 -

an alternative embodiment of the third and fourth side edge in the partial cross section;

FIG. 6 -

two locked panels at the third and fourth side edges of a third embodiment;

FIG. 7 -

two interlocked panels of the third and fourth side edges in section in a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 8 -

the embodiment of spring and groove in a fifth embodiment;

FIG. 9

the embodiment of spring and groove in a sixth embodiment; such as

Figures 10 - 13 -

Variants of the configuration of the tongue and groove and inserted locking elements.

FIG. 1 shows a floor panel 1, which consists of a medium-density or high-density fiberboard (MDF or HDF). At its upper side 15, the floor panels 1 are provided with a decorative layer 16, which may be formed, for example, by a paper layer having a wood grain, which is coated with a synthetic resin layer serving as wear protection. On the bottom 7 a Schalldämmlage be glued to improve the footfall sound properties of the laid floor panels. As an alternative to the use of an HDF or MDF board, the panels 1 can be made from an oriented strand board (OSB) material, whereby a decorative layer 16 can be dispensed with here. At a first side edge, preferably at the longitudinal side of the panel 1, the panel 1 is provided with a spring 10 and at the opposite second side edge with a recess 3.

The recess 3 and the spring 10 extend over the full length of the side edges. Provided on the spring 10 is an outwardly projecting nose provided with a point, which merges into a front area which has an arcuate contour. At this front region of the spring 10, which forms an undercut 13, a support region 14 connects, which is inclined at an angle μ to the top 15 of the panels 1, formed. The support area 14 is adjoined by a vertically oriented wall 11.

The undercut 13 causes, as in FIG. 2 shown, a lock in the transverse direction Q, in which a positive locking with a corresponding shoulder 9 of the recess 3 is made. In the mounted state, the spring 10 engages in an undercut formed by an upper lip 4 of the recess 3, so that the upper side 12 of the spring 10 bears against a lower side 40 of the upper lip and a locking takes place in the vertical direction along the first and second side edges. The paragraph 9 is on a lower lip 6 of the recess 3 and forms these, wherein on the top of the paragraph 9, a sloping shoulder surface 5 is formed, which serves as a support for the support area 14. The conclusion of the panel forms a substantially vertically extending front shoulder 8, which merges via a rounding in the paragraph top 5.

By paragraph top 5 and the support portion 14, a relatively large bearing surface is provided, on which the two panels 1, 2 in the connected state to each other. The bevel by the angle μ causes a component of movement in the transverse direction Q is generated to each other during a vertical load, so that in the locked state in a force component acting from above, the gap between the two panels 1, 2 is reduced and the original locking by Insertion and pivoting of a first panel in a second panel can be done without a bias.

The paragraph 9 is formed so that the front shoulder 8 does not make contact with the vertical wall 11 of a laid panels. There is thus a free space 18, so that there is no unwanted blocking effect between the panels 1, 2 and a movement towards one another upon initiation of a force acting from above can be effected.

Between the spring 10 and the top 15 of the panels 1, an undercut 17 is formed, which adjoins a running at right angles to the top 15 edge. The undercut 17 forms in the assembled state of a space in which abrasion or not removed chips can be included in the manufacturing process. Also, a corresponding design of the round front portion of the spring 10 is provided, so that the spring 10 in the assembled state also forms a gap 19, which can act as a dust bag and movement space.

The laying and locking of two panels 1, 2 with such a profile picture takes place by the first panel 1 with the spring 10 attached at an angle to the second panel 2 and the spring 10 is inserted in the recess 3 of the second panel 2. Subsequently, the angled first panel 1 is pivoted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first side edge, in this case clockwise, so that the provided with a round contour front portion of the spring 10 in the correspondingly shaped recess 3 slides along until the top 12 of the spring the corresponding bottom 40 of the upper lip 4 is present. In this state, as in the FIG. 4 is shown, is achieved by the undercut of the upper lip 4 and the paragraph 9 effective locking in the vertical direction V and in the transverse direction Q.

In order not only to enable locking with another panel on two opposite side edges of one panel, a profile is formed on a third and fourth side edge, each extending at an angle, preferably at right angles to the first or second side edge the FIGS. 3 to 13 is shown. Here, too, corresponding profiles are formed on opposite side edges, the interaction of which is explained in each case.

FIG. 3 'shows a profile at a third side edge in cross-section, which is preferably formed on the transverse side of the panels. Starting from the bottom 7, a step-shaped cutout 20 is incorporated in the panel 2, which forms an inner wall 21 and an outer wall 22. Both on the inner wall 21 and on the outer wall 22 form-fitting elements 23, 24 are formed, milled out here, which engage in the form of projections in corresponding undercuts 230, 240 of a corresponding recess 200 of a second panel 1. In the cutout 20, a shoulder 25 is formed, which protrudes in the direction of the bottom 7, wherein the Absatzaußenwandung is formed by the outer wall 22 and the paragraph inner wall 27 in the illustrated embodiment after a forming the above-expanding cross-section. The underside of the shoulder 25 forms a head surface 26, which runs parallel to the top 15 of the panels 2 and on which the panel 2 is supported in the mounted state via a corresponding base surface 280 of a corresponding recess 200 of a second panel 1.

As an alternative to the illustrated embodiment, it is provided that the inner surface 27 extends substantially parallel to the outer wall 22, so that the paragraph inner wall 27 to the top surface 26 forms an undercut. It is also provided that in addition to a substantial straight formation of the outer wall 22 at an acute angle α to the vertical, the outer wall 22 has a rounded shape or a vertical course. It is necessary that the positive locking element 24 protrudes beyond the end edge 28 of the top 15 to perform a positive locking with the second panel 1.

Above the positive-locking element 24, a recess 29 is formed, which acts as a dust bag.

If the heel 27 is formed as an undercut to the top surface 26, an additional locking in the vertical direction is provided, in particular if the corresponding heel inner wall 270 of the upwardly directed shoulder 250 is also formed as an undercut. A positive locking then takes place by a slight bending or elastic deformation of the profiles, so that the positive-locking elements 23, 24 and the undercut pass through the paragraph inner wall 27 with the corresponding undercuts 230, 240 and the undercut through the paragraph inner wall 270 engage effectively can.

The outgoing from the top 15 cutout 200 is formed such that it can accommodate the opposite profile, so that the top surface 26 on the one hand rests completely flat on the base surface 280, on the other hand, the surfaces 15 of the two panels 1, 2 in the assembled state, as it in the FIG. 4 is shown, complete in a plane and lie as flush as possible. Through the recess 29 above the positive-locking element 24, a free space 290 is created, which serves as a dust bag; The same applies to the free space 300, which is formed by a corresponding positioning of the inner wall 210 of the cutout 200.

Like in the FIG. 4 can be clearly seen, an effective locking is given both in the transverse direction Q and in the vertical direction V, wherein the locking in the transverse direction Q is realized by the form-fitting paragraphs 25, 250. A locking in the vertical direction V is effected by the locking elements 23, 24, which engage positively in the undercuts 230, 240, wherein the positive-locking elements 23, 24 are arranged on spaced-apart walls 21, 22. In addition, the form-fitting elements 23, 24 are arranged at different vertical levels, so that an upper locking point and a lower locking point is formed. The upper locking point is formed by the positive-locking element 24 and the undercut 240, the lower locking point by the positive-locking element 23 and the undercut 230.

The upwardly directed shoulder 250 is not formed over the entire length of the third side edge, but is milled over an area to the base surface 280, wherein this cutout is located in the direction of the first side edge with a spring. Due to the cutout or non-development of the paragraph 250, the initially angled inserted panels can be further lowered down before laying by a pulse-like Monagebewegung down a final lock on the third side edge, preferably the transverse side occurs.

Between the top surface 260 of the shoulder 250 and the corresponding surface of the cutout 20, a free space is present in the mounted state, which is necessary so that the positive-locking element 23 can engage behind the undercut 230. Also, this space serves as a dust bag.

In addition to the formation of a panel with a recess 3 on a side edge having an upper lip 4 and a lower lip 6, can be dispensed with a corresponding profile design on a lower lip 6, provided in another way a lock in the transverse direction Q and vertical direction V. is ensured. This locking is done so that no movement in the direction of the double arrows in the locked state is possible.

Due to the presented profile and the laying method described, it is possible to lay panels easily and quickly. The profile has the further advantage that on the one hand, a slight pivoting and locking, on the other hand, a stable support and thus the possibility of a precise setting of the height offset is given on the particular configuration of the spring 10 and the recess. Also, a secure locking of the first side edges in the vertical direction V and transverse direction Q is given, and this profile can be particularly well milled in OSB panels.

The profile design on the third side edge allows a particularly durable positive lock on the third and fourth side edges, preferably the transverse sides of the panels, without complex additional equipment or special skills would be necessary during installation. In addition to the staggered interlocking elements prevents the large bearing surface a Verwinkelung and thereby easy opening of the lock on the third side edge. In addition, the keyed interlock, which produces a characteristic noise, indicates to the user of the panels that an effective interlock has occurred.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the third and the fourth side edge of the panels 1, 2, wherein both panels are each formed with a spring 51, 52 and a groove 61, 62. The springs 51, 52 and the grooves 61, 62 are offset in height from each other arranged such that the springs 51, 52 can engage in the corresponding grooves 62, 61, so as to effect a locking in the transverse direction Q. The panels are first locked to the realization of a corresponding lock on the first side edges and then moved in the transverse direction Q to each other until the illustrated end position is achieved to form a minimum butt joint 73.

The joints 61, 62 are each formed by a first lip 63, 64 and a respective second lip 65, 66, wherein in the first panel 1, the second lip 65 protrudes beyond the first lip 63 in the transverse direction Q. In the second panel 2, this is reversed, the first lip 64 protrudes beyond the second lip 66 in the transverse direction Q, wherein the respective protruding lips 64, 65 pass into the underside or top of the springs 52, 51.

In the illustrated embodiment, in the lower, second lip 65 of the first panel and the upper, first lip 64 of the second panel depending a corresponding channel-shaped, semi-circular in cross-section recess 71, 72 milled, which form a channel 75 in the assembled state shown , In this channel 75, a separate locking element 80, preferably made of plastic, is inserted, so that a positive locking in the transverse direction Q is effected. By an elastic configuration of the locking element 80 and a slight oversizing can be achieved that the panels 1, 2 are braced to each other, so that the butt joint 73 can always be kept minimally small. As a result, a bias between the panels 1, 2 is effected after installation by the insertion of the locking element 80, which has a secure assignment of the panels 1, 2 to each other and a minimum surface offset result. Also will the butt joint 73 kept closed, so that no dirt or moisture can penetrate and softens the core of the panels 1, 2.

The recesses 71, 72 are arranged so that the channel 75 or the locking element 80 extends parallel and below the butt joint 73, whereby on the one hand an optimal manufacturing possibility due to the almost symmetrical design is given because a cutout only partially within the corresponding grooves 61, 62 must be made, on the other hand, there is still enough material to absorb corresponding forces in the panel material available.

The FIG. 6 shows a variant of the profile design on the third and fourth side edges of the panels 1, 2, wherein on the first panel 1, a spring 51 and on the second panel a groove 62 along the respective side edges is formed. Both in the top of the spring 51 and in the first lip 64 of the groove 62 are milled in cross-section semicircular recesses, which result in the joining of the two panels 1, 2, a cylindrical channel 75. In this channel 75, a cut to the appropriate length, extruded plastic tube can be inserted as a locking element 80 so that on the locking member 80, a locking in the transverse direction Q'stattfindet. The groove 62 and spring 51 lock the panels 1, 2 in the vertical direction.

In the FIG. 7 is a variant of FIG. 6 represented, in which the corresponding recesses 71, 72 are formed on the underside of the spring 51 and the second lip 66 of the groove 62. The recesses 71, 72 are formed corresponding to one another, so that a hexagonal locking element 80 is formed in the correspondingly formed channel 75. The channel 75 is in the FIG. 9 illustrated, the corresponding configuration of the recesses 71, 72 and the groove 62 and the spring 51 according to FIG. 6 are in the FIG. 8 shown.

Laying the panels 1, 2 with a profile design according to the FIGS. 3 to 9 takes place at the third and fourth side edges, is first inserted and pivoted at the first side edge of a panel in a second side edge, to be connected to the third and fourth side edges panels in a plane. Subsequently, the panels along the first side edge are moved towards each other until the panels abut each other and form a minimal butt joint 73. At the same time, a channel 75 is formed by the recesses 71, 72, in which a correspondingly shaped locking element 80 is inserted. In this way, an effective locking in the vertical direction and in the transverse direction Q is effected.

After removal of the locking element 80, a disassembly of the panels can be made without destroying the profiles, so that any number of laying operations can be performed. Such an embodiment of the lock is particularly suitable for elements of exhibition construction.

In the FIGS. 12 and 13 further embodiments of the recesses 71, 72 are shown, which can also be laid with the method described above. In FIG. 12 the channel 75 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, wherein the upper recess 72 has the cross-section of an isosceles trapezium and the lower recess 71 in the spring 51 has a triangular shape. The locking member 80 is formed V-shaped and can cause a corresponding force component in the transverse direction Q by a resilient bias, so that the panels 1, 2 are moved towards each other.

In the FIG. 13 are each two triangular in cross-section recesses 71, 72 milled into the spring 51 and groove 62, and the locking member 80 has an X-shaped cross-section. By inserting the locking elements 80 according to the FIGS. 12 and 13 the legs are pressed together and also hold the butt joint 72 close together and thus close to each other Dirt and moisture. In order to facilitate the insertion, the locking elements 80 are formed tapered at their ends.

In the FIGS. 10 and 11 the groove 62 and the spring 51 are formed such that a locking takes place when engaging groove 62 and spring 51 in the transverse direction Q. At the vertical edges of the groove 62 and spring 51 corresponding recesses are milled into which a locking element 80 can be inserted. In the FIG. 10 These recesses are designed such that a rectangular locking element 80 is inserted.

In the FIG. 11 is a variant of FIG. 10 shown, in which the channel 75 is formed in a circular shape. By such a configuration of the third and fourth side edge of the panels 1, 2, an effective locking in the transverse direction Q is already effected by the insertion of the spring 51 in the groove 62. The geometry shown, a very high contact surface is provided so that forces well received and can be derived. Also, the recesses 71, 72 are relatively easy to manufacture, in particular auszufräsen, and for both side edges only one tool is needed. Furthermore, with a corresponding configuration of the locking elements 80, a pressure is built up, which moves the panels 1, 2 towards each other and braced. The secure locking in the vertical direction V is also ensured.

The locking elements 80 and the grooves and springs may also have different geometries, which is eliminated by the locking element or the locking elements that movement component that is not blocked by the tongue and groove connection. Advantageously, the locking element causes a tension of the panels to each other, so that the butt joint is minimized. The channel for inserting the locking element can extend over the entire joint width or groove width, only corresponding interlocking elements must be present in order to effect a lock.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1-

panels

2

panels

3

groove

4

upper lip

5

Paragraph top

6

bottom lip

7-

bottom

8th-

Paragraph front

9-

paragraph

10-

feather

11-

wall

12-

top

13-

undercut

14-

support area

15

top

16-

decorative layer

17-

undercut

18-

free space

19-

gap

20

Cutout bottom

21-

inner wall

22-

outer wall

23-

Form-fitting element

24

Form-fitting element

25

paragraph

26-

head face

27-

Absatzinnenwandung

28-

terminal edge

29-

recess

40

bottom

51-

feather

52-

feather

61-

groove

62-

groove

63, 64-

first lip

65, 66-

second lip

71-

recess

72-

recess

73-

butt joint

75-

channel

80-

locking element

200-

countersink

210-

inner wall

220-

outer wall

230-

undercut

240-

undercut

250-

paragraph

260-

head face

270-

Absatzinnenwandung

280-

plinth area

290-

free space

300-

free space

Claims (32)

1. Floor panel which is bounded in a horizontal plane by a top side (15), provided with a decorative layer (16) or the like, and an underside (7), provided for resting on an underlying surface, and which is provided with means for releasable connection to at least one further panel (1, 2), it being the case that a tongue (10) is formed on at least one first side edge of the panel (1), the tongue extending in the longitudinal direction of the side edge, and a recess (3) which corresponds to the tongue (10) is formed on the opposite, second side edge, that the recess (3) comprises a top lip (4) and a bottom lip (6), and the bottom lip (6) forms a shoulder (9) with a top shoulder side (5) and a front shoulder side (8), said shoulder, with a corresponding undercut (13) of the tongue (10), blocking the panels (1, 2) in the transverse direction (Q), that the undercut (13) is adjoined by a recess, with a bearing region (14) which corresponds to the shoulder (9), and that the tongue (10) and the recess (3) have an arcuate contour in cross section and the arcuate front region of the tongue (10) forms the undercut (13), characterized in that the bearing region (14) and the top shoulder side (5) are inclined at an angle (µ) in relation to the top side (15) such that, when force is introduced vertically, a force component subjects the panels (1, 2) to loading in the direction of one another.
2. Floor panel according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bearing region (14) is adjoined by a wall (11) which, in the installed state, is located opposite the front shoulder side (8), forming a free space (18) in relation to the latter in the process.
3. Floor panel according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the installed state, a top side (12) of the tongue (10) butts against an underside (40) of the top lip (4).
4. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue (10) is designed such that locking takes place by an introduction movement into the recess (3) of the further panel (2) and a pivoting-in movement about an axis parallel to the first side edge.
5. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue (10) and the recess (3) are designed such that, in the installed state, a gap (19) is present between the front region of the tongue (10) and that region of the recess (3) which adjoins the top lip (4), the gap tapering in the direction of the shoulder (9).
6. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue (10) is provided with an undercut (17) opposite the top side (15).
7. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that form-fitting elements (23, 24) for locking in the vertical direction (V) with a further panel are formed on a third side edge, which runs at an angle to the first side edge, the form-fitting elements (23, 24) being spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction (Q) and in the vertical direction (V) on two spaced-apart, essentially vertically oriented walls (21, 22).
8. Floor panel according to Claim 7, characterized in that a step-like milled relief (20) which starts from the underside (7) and has an inner wall (21) and an outer wall (22) is formed on the third side edge, in each case one form-fitting element (23, 24) which extends in the transverse direction (Q) being formed on the walls (21, 22), and in that formed on the fourth side edge which is located opposite the third side edge is a step-like milled relief (200) which starts from the top side (15) and has an inner wall (210) and an outer wall (220), on which are formed undercuts (230, 240) which correspond with the form-fitting elements (23, 24).
9. Floor panel according to Claim 8, characterized in that the step-like milled relief (20) which starts from the underside (7) forms a shoulder (25) which projects in the direction of the underside (7) and has an essentially horizontally oriented head surface (26).
10. Floor panel according to Claim 9, characterized in that the walls (22, 27) of the shoulder (25) are oriented at an acute angle (α) in relation to the head surface (26).
11. Floor panel according to Claim 10, characterized in that the inner shoulder wall (27) forms an undercut in relation to the head surface (26).
12. Floor panel according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the head surface (26) has a transverse extent of 2 to 6 mm.
13. Floor panel according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the head surface (26) has 0.25 to 0.4 times the overall transverse extent of the step-like milled relief (20).
14. Floor panel according to one of Claims 7 to 13, characterized in that a form-fitting element (24) of the third side edge projects horizontally beyond the termination edge (28) of the top side (15).
15. Floor panel according to Claim 14, characterized in that a recess (29), which undercuts the termination edge (28), is arranged between the top side (15) and the projecting form-fitting element (24).
16. Floor panel according to Claim 8, characterized in that the step-like milled relief (200), which starts from the top side (15), forms a shoulder (250) which projects in the direction of the top side (15) and has an essentially horizontally oriented head surface (260), the bottom region of the outer shoulder wall (220) containing an undercut (230) which corresponds with the form-fitting element (23) of the inner wall (21) of the milled relief (20) of the opposite side edge.
17. Floor panel according to Claim 16, characterized in that a horizontal base surface (280) is formed between the inner shoulder wall (270) and the inner wall (210) of the milled relief (200), said base surface being designed such that, when the panels (1, 2) have been laid, the head surface (26) rests on the base surface (280) and the top sides (15) of the panels (1, 2) are located in a single plane.
18. Floor panel according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the inner shoulder wall (270) runs parallel to, or at a shallower angle than, the corresponding inner shoulder wall (27) of the shoulder (25), which engages in the laid state.
19. Floor panel according to one of Claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the inner shoulder wall (270) forms an undercut in relation to the head surface (260).
20. Floor panel according to one of Claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the upwardly projecting shoulder (250) has not been formed, or has been removed, in at least one end region of the third side edge.
21. Floor panel according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one tongue (51, 52) is formed on a third side edge, which runs at an angle to the first side edge, and at least one groove (62, 61) with a first lip (63, 64) and a second lip (65, 66) is formed on the opposite, fourth side edge, in each case at least one recess (71, 72) which runs parallel to the top side (15) being arranged on the tongue (51, 52) and at least on one of the lips (63, 64, 65, 66), and the recesses (71, 72) being arranged in relation to one another such that, when the panels (1, 2) have been connected to one another, they form a channel (75) for accommodating a separate locking element (80).
22. Floor panel according to Claim 21, characterized in that the channel (75) is of cylindrical, triangular or quadrilateral, polygonal, x-shaped or v-shaped design.
23. Floor panel according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the channel (75) runs over the entire length of the groove (61, 62) and tongue (51, 52).
24. Floor panel according to one of Claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the channel (75) runs beneath and parallel to the joint (73) of the panels (1, 2).
25. Floor panel according to one of Claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the groove (62) and the tongue (51) are configured such that they bring about locking in the transverse direction (Q).
26. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second side edges are formed on the longitudinal side, and the third and fourth side edges are formed on the transverse side, of the panel (1, 2).
27. Floor panel according to one of Claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the third and fourth side edges are formed on the longitudinal side, and the first and second side edges are formed on the transverse side, of the panel (1, 2).
28. Floor panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is produced from HDF, MDF or an OSB material.
29. Method of laying a floor panel (1, 2) according to one of Claims 1 to 20 and 28, having the following steps:

    a) connecting and locking a plurality of panels (1, 2) on their third side edges for the purpose of setting down a first row on the floor of a room;

    b) connecting and locking a further panel, by way of its first side edge, to the second side edge of at least one panel (1, 2) set down in the first row, in order to start a second row by introducing, and pivoting, the tongue (10) into the groove (3);

    c) arranging a new panel, by way of its third side edge, in direct abutment against the fourth side edge of the previously set-down, further panel, the tongue (10) being introduced into the groove (3) and the new panel being located at an angle to the first row of set-down panels (1, 2) ;

    d) pivoting the new panel, about an axis parallel to the first side edge, in the direction of the floor until the form-fitting elements (23, 24) of the third side edge of the new panel butt against the corresponding milled relief (200) of the further panel;

    e) pushing the new panel downward until form-fitting locking has taken place over the entire third side edge.
30. Method according to Claim 29, characterized in that the pushing-down action takes place abruptly, in particular by means of a hammer blow or using the ball of the thumb.
31. Method of laying a floor panel (1, 2) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 and 21 to 24 and 26 to 28, having the following steps:

    a) connecting and locking a plurality of panels (1, 2) on their third side edges for the purpose of setting down a first row on the floor of a room;

    b) connecting and locking a further panel, by way of its first side edge, to the second side edge of at least one panel (1, 2) set down in the first row, in order to start a second row by introducing, and pivoting, the tongue (10) into the groove (3);

    c) arranging a new panel, by way of its third side edge, at a distance from the fourth side edge of the previously set-down, further panel, the tongue (51) not being introduced in the groove (62) and the new panel being located at an angle to the first row of set-down panels (1, 2);

    d) pivoting the new panel, about an axis parallel to the first side edge, in the direction of the floor and displacing it along the first side edge until the tongue (51) is accommodated in the groove (62), with a joint (73) and a channel (75) being formed in the process;

    e) pushing a locking element (80) into the channel (75).
32. Method of laying a floor panel (1, 2) according to one of Claims 25 to 28, having the following steps:

    a) connecting and locking a plurality of panels (1, 2) on their third side edges for the purpose of setting down a first row on the floor of a room;

    b) connecting and locking a further panel, by way of its first side edge, to the second side edge of at least one panel (1, 2) set down in the first row, in order to start a second row by introducing, and pivoting, the tongue (10) into the groove (3);

    c) arranging a new panel, by way of its third side edge, in direct abutment against the fourth side edge of the previously set-down, further panel, the tongue (51) being introduced into the groove (62) and the new panel being located at an angle to the first row of set-down panels (1, 2);

    d) pivoting the new panel, about an axis parallel to the first side edge, in the direction of the floor until the tongue (51) is accommodated in the groove (62), with a joint (73) and a channel (75) being formed in the process;

    e) pushing a locking element (80) into the channel (75).

Images