Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
  • A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
  • A23L33/11—Plant sterols or derivatives thereof, e.g. phytosterols
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
  • A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
  • A23L33/22—Comminuted fibrous parts of plants, e.g. bagasse or pulp
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
  • A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
  • A61K31/216—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acids having aromatic rings, e.g. benactizyne, clofibrate
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
  • A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
  • A61K31/405—Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
  • A61K31/575—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of three or more carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, ergosterol, sitosterol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
  • A61K31/716—Glucans
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
  • A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/55—Linaceae (Flax family), e.g. Linum
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
  • A61K36/68—Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
  • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
  • A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
  • A61K36/8998—Hordeum (barley)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

• Cholesterol-lowering agent made from fiber and cholesterol-lowering substances
• the invention relates to cholesterol-lowering agents made from fiber and at least one cholesterol-lowering active ingredient.
• the invention further relates to a method for producing such agents and their use.
• statins inter alia US 4,231,938, US 4,444,784, US 4,346,22
• inhibitors of bile acid absorption inter alia US 5,998,400, US 6,277,831, US 6,221,89
• bile acid sequestrants inter alia US 4,027,009
• the active substances can also include cholesterol-lowerers isolated from plant sources.
• the cholesterol-lowering effect of a group of plant sterols in particular phytosterols, phytostanols, and the esters of the compound classes mentioned (inter alia WO 96/38047, WO 99/56558, US 6,087,353) should be mentioned here.
• the latter in particular are not suitable for consumption for all population groups (e.g. exclusion for pregnant women or small children) and are often restricted in their use.
• Other natural cholesterol-lowering agents also include extracts from other plant sources, such as. B. artichoke extracts, tocotrienol-rich extracts, garlic or guglipid extracts as mentioned for example in the documents EP-A-1 238590 or IN-A-166998.
• a synergistic, cholesterol-lowering interaction between food components, in particular fiber such as locust bean fiber or Levane, and active ingredients is not known.
• an antagonistic effect on soluble fiber from locust bean gum with water-insoluble fibers of the locust bean pulp has even been described (Peres-Olleros et al. 1999; J. Sei. Food Agric. 79, 173-178).
• This object is achieved by means of cholesterol-lowering agents composed of at least one fiber and at least one cholesterol-lowering active ingredient.
• the fiber can be selected, for example, from one or more of the following substances: whole grain cereals (wheat, oats, barley, rye), oat bran (ß-glucan), rice bran, corn bran, barley, psyllium husk (psyllium), guar, locust bean seeds, tragacanth, pectin , Inulin, non-digestible oligosaccharides, carob pulp, linseed, soy fiber, soy bran, dextrins, arabinoxylans, arabinogalactans and levans.
• Preferred fibers in the sense of the invention are locust bean fibers and levane.
• Particularly preferred fibers in the sense of the invention are locust bean fibers, with particular preference being given to those which are characterized by a high content of insoluble fiber, but also by polyphenols.
• the total fiber content of the locust bean fiber, determined according to AOAC method 985.29, is at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, but particularly preferably at least 80% by weight (in each case based on the dry matter).
• Their water-insoluble fiber content, determined according to AOAC method 991.42 is at least 25% by weight, preferably at least 50% by weight, but particularly preferably at least 70% by weight (in each case based on the dry matter).
• Levan in the sense of the invention is understood to mean a beta-2,6-polyfructan which, depending on the extraction or production, can have additional beta -2,1-fructofuranosyl bonds and molecular weights (M w ) between 10 3 and 10 7 .
• the fiber can e.g. B. be prepared so that sucrose is converted to levan in a biocatalytic reaction using an enzyme of the catalytic activity of a levan sucrase and then filtered, washed and dried.
• Levan sucrase can be used alone or together with other glycosyltransferases to produce branched levans. The method according to WO 99/40217 or WO 00/31287 is preferred.
• Cholesterol-lowering active substances in the sense of the invention are understood to be active substances which can lower an elevated cholesterol level (> 200 mg / dl), in particular LDL cholesterol levels> 130 mg / dl. These are characterized by the fact that they specifically influence certain metabolic processes and thus lead to a secondary reduction in LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol (usually between 10 and 55%).
• the active substances within the meaning of the invention include cholesterol-lowering substances from the group of statins, bile acid absorption inhibitors and bile acid sequestrants, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, fibrates, nicotinic acid derivatives, but also the group of phytosterols and vegetable stanols, and cholesterol-lowering plant extracts, e.g. B. from artichokes or guglipid, as well as products containing soy protein.
• lovastatin [s. Formula 1 below] (e.g. US-A-4,231,938), Paravastatin (e.g. US-A-4,346,227), Simvastatin [s. Formula 2 below] (e.g. US-A 4,444,784), fluvastatin (e.g. US-A-5,354,772), atorvastatin (e.g. US-A-5,273,995) or cerivaststatin (e.g. US-A -5, 177,080) understood, which act specifically by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors) in the liver.
• HMG CoA reductase inhibitors HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
• Inhibitors of bile acid absorption in the sense of the invention are understood to mean substances which prevent the reuptake of bile acids in the intestine / ileum via a process mediated by a receptor.
• These are in particular benzothiazine derivatives (US 5,998,400, US 6,277,831), benzothiepin 1,1-dioxide derivatives (US 6,221, 897, WO 97/33882), in particular compounds according to formulas 3 and 4, which are specific in the intestine, in particular in the ileum , block the bile acid reabsorption.
• Inhibitors of bile acid absorption in the sense of the invention are understood to mean substances which prevent the reuptake of bile acids in the intestine / ileum via a process mediated by a receptor.
• These are in particular benzothiazine derivatives (US 5,998,400, US 6,277,831), benzothiepin 1, 1 dioxide derivatives (US 6,221, 897, WO 97/33882), in particular compounds according to formulas 3 and 4, which are specific in the intestine, in particular in the ileum Block the bile acid reabsorption.
• Cholesterol absorption inhibitors are active substances that inhibit the receptor-mediated transport of cholesterol in the intestine and thus increase the excretion of cholesterol, which ultimately leads to a moderate decrease in serum cholesterol levels. These include, in particular, hydroxy-substituted azetidinone Group 1- (4-fluorophenyl) -3 (R) - [3 (S) - (4-fluorophenyl) -3 hydroxypropyl)] 4 (S) 4 hydroxyphenyl) 2 azetidinone) and 1- (4-) cholesterol absorption inhibitors fluorophenyl) -3 (R) [3 (R) (4 fluorophenyl) -3 hydroxypropyl)] - 4 (S) 4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-azetidinone) and their pharmacologically active salts or substituted ß-lactam cholesterol absorption inhibitors (e.g. WO-A-95/35277, WO-A-02/058733, WO-A-02
• the group of fibrates includes a. Clofibrate, etophylline clofibrate, bezafibrate, ciprofibrate, clinofibrate, binifibrate, lifibrol, fenofibrate, gemfibrozil or etofibrate.
• fibrates have a moderate lowering effect on LDL cholesterol with a slight improvement in HDL cholesterol values. Serum triglyderides are more affected by fibrates.
• Nicotinic acid derivatives in the sense of the invention are natural or synthetically produced nicotinic acid, its esters or synthetic derivatives such as, for. B. niceritrol, nicofuranose, ß-pyridylcarbinol or acipimox. This group of substances has a moderate effect on total and LDL cholesterol with improved HDL cholesterol levels.
• phytosterols are understood to mean 4-dimethylsterols, 4-monomethylsterols and 4,4-dimethylsterols and the respective esters as well as plant extracts, mixtures and foods rich in phytosterols. These include ß-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmatosterol, brassicasterol, desmosterol, chalinosterol, poriferasterol, clionasterol and all their natural or synthetic or isomeric derivatives.
• Vegetable stanols are understood to mean hydrogenated plant sterols such as, for example, B. Campestanol, Sitostanol and the respective esters as well as vegetable extracts, mixtures and foods rich in vegetable stanols.
• herbal extracts with a cholesterol-lowering effect include artichoke extracts and extracts from garlic and guglipid. They have long been used as natural remedies and show moderate effectiveness the total and LDL cholesterol levels.
• Guglipid (CAS 39025-24-6) in the sense of the invention is the plant exudate from Commiphora mukul. (also Commiphora wightii or Balsamodendron mukul), a tree-like plant from the Burseraceae family. Guglipid in the sense of the invention is also the "Guggulu”, “Guggul”, “Arka Guggalu” or “Gum Guggul” used in arjuvedic medicine. For the purposes of the invention, guglipids are furthermore the extracts obtained from the plants of the Burseraceae family or the isolates or pure substances obtained therefrom. Guglipids in the sense of the invention are also the Guggulsterine and their isomers such as. B.
• guglipids in the sense of the invention are all plant sterols and stands found in the plants of the Burseraceae family, in particular sitosterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol, campesterol and ⁇ -spinasterol.
• guglipids in the context of the invention are pharmaceutical products which have been produced from the plant exudate or the pure chemical compounds, such as, for example, "Gugulipid” from Legere Pharmaceuticals or food supplements or food additives such as, for. B. "CholestGar” from Planetary Formulas.
• soy protein-containing products are understood to mean foods or food ingredients which consist of whole soy beans or have been produced from them, but also those which contain processed soy protein products. These include, in particular, soy protein isolates, soy protein concentrates, soy flour, textured soy proteins (TSP) or textured vegetable proteins (TVP). In addition to the protein content, these foods and food ingredients may contain other naturally occurring soy components such as isoflavones, fiber and saponins.
• the agents according to the invention contain at least one fiber and at least one cholesterol-lowering active ingredient.
• the cholesterol-lowering agents can contain conventional additives such as solvents, fillers, carriers such as methyl cellulose, sweetening carbohydrates and other sweeteners, flavors, antioxidants, etc.
• the combination of fiber, in particular carob fiber, and active ingredients can also be administered in the form of two different dosage forms.
• Common food applications such as baked goods, cereals, snacks or fruit bars or powdered drinks are suitable for fiber, in particular the carob fiber.
• the direct addition of dietary fiber in food produced in-house as well as use in typical food supplements including tablets, dragees, capsules, sachets, granules, bars, etc.
• the active ingredients are more typically administered in medicinal products (including Tablets, coated tablets, capsules, sachets, granules, etc.).
• a further preferred embodiment of the invention are agents which contain a combination of carob fibers and levans as a fiber component.
• the agents according to the invention contain the active ingredients in amounts which are necessary for the therapeutic effect when administered 2 to 3 times daily.
• the fiber component and preferably the carob fiber are also contained in the agents according to the invention in concentrations which bring about a significant reduction in cholesterol.
• the daily dose of fiber can be in the range from 1 to 50 g, usually from 1 to 25 g, preferably from 5 to 15 g and particularly preferably 5 to 10 g. It is used in these quantities in combination with the daily doses of the active ingredients if a particularly extensive reduction in the cholesterol level is desired.
• the application concentrations can be reduced by up to 90% due to synergies. Any additives present can advantageously be used in concentrations of from 1 to 90% by weight, in particular from 10 to 60% by weight (based on the respective preparation form) are added.
• dietary fiber in particular locust bean fiber
• cholesterol-lowering active ingredients leads to a significantly greater reduction in the cholesterol level than the sum of the effects when the individual components are administered. It is surprising that the addition of dietary fiber, in particular carob fiber or Levan, to the active ingredients does not reduce the activity of the active ingredients through non-specific interference, but that the effects observed go well beyond the effects that can be achieved with single administration of both substances.
• the agents according to the invention thus make it possible to achieve a therapeutically often desirable, greater reduction in the cholesterol level than hitherto, or to achieve effects comparable to those hitherto, but with smaller amounts of active substance. They represent a significant advance in drug therapy for hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia.
• the agents according to the invention are expediently used in a suitable preparation which is tailored to the most effective quantitative ratios.
• These preparations can also other ingredients (additives) to improve the dissolution such as soluble carriers, tablet disintegrants such.
• the agents according to the invention can also be administered separately in the form of a pharmaceutical preparation of the active ingredient and a food or dietary supplement containing the fiber.
• the common pharmaceutical dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, solutions for ingestion as drops or powdered preparation or granules to be dissolved are suitable for the active ingredient.
• any food into which the fiber can be incorporated is suitable as a food containing fiber, with limits arising from the properties of the food component and the fiber, as well as from the intended use.
• cereal-based foods such as baked goods, cereals, snacks and fruit bars, desserts, special diet preparations such as drinks and in particular powdered drinks based on milk, fruit concentrates or powders, carbohydrates or sugar alcohols would be particularly suitable.
• phytosterols and plant stanols fatty foods such as B. vegetable spreads, dressings and dairy products.
• the agents according to the invention can also be used as an ingredient in animal nutrition or as animal feed.
• the hamster is considered a suitable animal model to demonstrate the present invention, even if the metabolic processes in the hamster and humans differ slightly. However, both show here tested in combination Substances on their own have a lowering effect on serum cholesterol values in humans, especially on LDL cholesterol. The effect of a combined administration of locust bean fiber and a statin, here simvastatin, in this model should therefore also provide conclusions for humans.
• Powdered preparation (for one serving size)
• Powdered preparation (for one serving size)

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  • 2003-07-15 BR BR0313186-6A patent/BR0313186A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-07-15 AU AU2003254354A patent/AU2003254354A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-15 CA CA002493645A patent/CA2493645A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-15 US US10/521,503 patent/US20060062862A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-15 JP JP2005505148A patent/JP2006506464A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-07-15 EP EP03764987A patent/EP1526857A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-07-15 WO PCT/EP2003/007624 patent/WO2004009093A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
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