EP1516976B1 - Multilayered floor covering element with grooves for connecting profiles - Google Patents

Abstract

Multilayer element comprises a thin compression- and abrasion-proof covering plate (1) on its upper side fixed to a compression-proof support element below the covering plate. Grooves (3) are arranged in the vertical edge surfaces so that connecting strips can be inserted into the grooves to connect neighboring elements.

Description

The invention relates to a laminar, multi-layer element for floors, with a thin pressure and abrasion resistant cover plate, which forms the top of the multilayer element, and in which at the bottom of the thin pressure and abrasion resistant cover plate attached to this by an adhesive bond, pressure-resistant carrier element is located, wherein in vertical edge surfaces grooves are arranged and in the grooves for connecting adjacent laid multilayer elements connecting strips are attached.

The invention is particularly intended for removable and thus reusable floors. For removable and reusable floors, which are needed for example for exhibitions, it has not been possible to make flat and high quality floor surfaces with high load capacity, especially using thin and thus lightweight natural stone slabs. Of course, a permanent installation is possible. The floor element is also suitable for laying on underfloor heating systems.

Different materials can be used for the abrasion-resistant cover plate arranged on the upper side. For this example, stone, especially natural stone, ceramic, glass or plastic and wood are suitable.

In the prior art removable flooring for textile coverings are known. The covering should be removable from the floor completely and without damaging the covering.

To DE 36 00 807 C2 For this purpose, a method is provided in which a plastic layer is arranged on both sides of a carrier material, of which at least one is adhesive-friendly, impermeable to adhesive and waterproof.

For application in high loads and outdoors, it is known to lay stone, concrete or ceramic elements in mortar or Stelzlagem. To DE 197 37 097 C2 a laying system is known in which laying plates are used, which are laid individually next to each other or by means of connector body and on which the lining is firmly attached.

Natural stone slabs are in the usual way to achieve the required strength thick and heavy and thus cumbersome to transport and therefore not suitable for multiple use. Natural stone slabs in thin and thus easily transportable versions must be glued on the basis of their risk of breakage on a flat bottom layer or laid in a mortar bed and are therefore also not suitable for multiple use.

In US-A-48 55 177 as in DE 38 01 603 A1 and in WO 00 67 999 A1 Composite bodies are described in which a plate made of natural stone is provided with a reinforcing layer.

However, these arrangements are not suitable to allow a safe and accurate arrangement of the individual elements to a floor surface.

Further, after EP 0 252 434 A2 multi-layered plates known, wherein at the top of each a thin pressure and abrasion resistant plate is arranged, under which there is a fixed by an adhesive bond, pressure-resistant lightweight material layer.
The disadvantage here is that the edges of the pressure and abrasion resistant plate are very vulnerable to breakage.

Out DE 25 08 628 is a floor element known, consisting of a chipboard, on the underside of a continuous plate of foamed plastic is glued, which has parallel, groove-shaped recesses on the upper and lower bearing surface.
The disadvantages of this floor element are on the one hand the parallel alignment of the groove-shaped recesses, so that the air transport therein is possible only in two opposite directions. On the other hand, the construction requires the attachment of an additional surface covering on the surface.

Furthermore, in DE 202 13 565 U1 a known from single planar elements existing floor, in which the sheet-like elements are multi-layered plates, which each have a thin, pressure and abrasion resistant plate at the top and is under the thin plate fixed by an adhesive bond, pressure-resistant lightweight material layer.

The WO 02/077389 A1 describes a floor of individual, planar elements in the form of multi-layer plates, at the top of each a thin pressure and abrasion resistant plate is arranged and in which Underneath the plate is a pressure-resistant lightweight material layer fastened by an adhesive bond. On vertical edge surfaces of the lightweight material layer grooves may be arranged, can be mounted in the connecting strips between a plurality of plates.

On this floor is a disadvantage that is provided as a lightweight material styrofoam, which is not elastically deformable on the one hand, so that substrate bumps permanently deform the floor, on the other hand, the stability of Styrofoam is not very high. Another effect of inelasticity is the hardness of the floor when walking. Underfloor heating under the floor would also be almost ineffective due to the good insulation.

The invention has for its object to provide a floor design high strength with individual elements that is both easy and easy to transport and their components are easily removable and thus reusable, which are also pleasant to walk on and allow use on underfloor heating.

According to the invention, the solution of the problem with a floor element which has the features specified in claim 1 succeeds.

Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claim.

The invention has a number of advantages.

It can light floor elements with high quality surface and sufficient strength are produced. This is achieved by the multilayer structure of the individual elements with at least one thin cover plate on the upper side and a glued pressure-resistant support element arranged underneath, which is designed in the form of a lightweight material layer of expanded polypropylene.

An advantageous embodiment results from the fact that the abrasion-resistant cover plate attached to the upper side consists of strip-shaped individual elements, preferably in the form of wooden strips. In this case, strips of an elastic material, for example made of rubber, can be arranged between the strip-shaped individual elements in order to achieve good tightness between individual cover plates as well as slip resistance, in particular when walking on moist surfaces.

The arrangement of grooves at the edges of the lightweight material layer and by the arrangement of connecting strips in the grooves between each adjacent laid multilayer elements succeed in a simple way both securing the floor elements against displacement in the joint direction and avoiding paragraphs between each adjacent laid multilayer elements ,

By grooves in the top of the lightweight material layer, the elements for removing and carrying out condensation and air humidity and for supplying hot air from a floor heating are suitable. By grooves in the bottom of the lightweight material layer, the drainage of moisture is possible. Preferably, crossed grooves are used.
Preferably, the grooves are arranged in two mutually orthogonal directions and have a depth of 1 to 10 mm.

The invention also provides that the grooves are shorter than the element width, so that the corners of the cover plates and the lightweight material layer have a flat contact and terminate flush. As a result, on the one hand, the power transmission at the edges is improved and on the other hand, the risk of damage from external forces such as snagging with tools is reduced, which is especially in frequent construction and dismantling advantage.

Vertical apertures on the lightweight material layer allow the supply of hot air from below the floor located heat sources, with grooves in the bottom and / or top of the lightweight material layer that touch or cross these recesses, allow a large-scale distribution of hot air. Conveniently, these openings are at least partially attached to the crossing points of the grooves.

By applying a thin intermediate layer on the lightweight material layer allows further advantageous embodiments. The intermediate layer can be glued over the entire surface or in some areas. It can be designed as a reinforcing element with high strength and high modulus of elasticity, so that even when using very thin cover plates and thus very light floor elements a very high strength of the floor elements is achieved, the sufficient resistance to breakage even at high punctual loads, for example when installing from point-based shelving or cabinets, without requiring laying of the floor elements in a mortar bed or gluing of the floor elements with a sub-layer. The reinforcing element can be arranged over the entire surface or in strips and made of CFRP, CFRP fabric, glass fiber or Metal exist. It is also possible that the reinforcement is arranged within the lightweight material layer.
For this purpose, slits or grooves for receiving strip-like reinforcements are advantageously incorporated in the lightweight material layer.

In order to improve the adhesiveness and to facilitate the attachment of the cover plates, the intermediate layer can also be designed as a layer of fleece, paper and the like bonded to the lightweight material layer.

Further, it is possible that the lightweight material layer is treated on its upper side by the action of heat, so that a partial layer is formed, on which the cover plates can be glued good adhesion in a simple manner.

Figur 1

einen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes mehrschichtiges Fussbodenelement,

Figur 2

ein erfindungsgemäßes, mehrschichtiges Element von unten gesehen,

Figur 3

eine Verbindungsleiste,

Figur 4

einen Ausschnitt aus einer Gesamtanordnung eines Fußbodens,

Figur 5

eine Einzelheit der Verbindungsstelle

Figur 6

eine Ausführung mit streifenförmigen Deckplatten,

Figur 7

die Anordnung eines Dichtprofils zwischen streifenförmigen Deckplatten
und

Figur 8

eine Ausführung mit Vlieszwischenschicht.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. In the accompanying drawings show:

FIG. 1

a section through a multilayer floor element according to the invention,

FIG. 2

an inventive multilayer element seen from below,

FIG. 3

a connection bar,

FIG. 4

a section of an overall arrangement of a floor,

FIG. 5

a detail of the junction

FIG. 6

a version with strip-shaped cover plates,

FIG. 7

the arrangement of a sealing profile between strip-shaped cover plates
and

FIG. 8

a version with fleece interlayer.

The in FIG. 1 Section shown by a multilayer element according to the invention shows a thin cover plate 1 made of natural stone, on the underside of a CFRP fabric of small thickness executed as a planar reinforcement intermediate layer 2 is adhesively bonded by means of an epoxy resin. The thin cover plate 1 may also be made of glass, wood, metal or other stable material. The CFRP fabric has a high modulus of elasticity compared to the natural stone slab; The tensile and compressive strength of the CFRP fabric is significantly greater than the compressive strength of natural stone. Under the CFRP fabric, a pressure-resistant foam layer made of expanded polypropylene is adhesively bonded to the surface. The illustrated multilayer construction achieves a high flexural strength at low weight of the multilayered element. An expedient embodiment provides that the reinforcement is arranged within the lightweight material layer 4. The introduction of reinforcing elements can advantageously also be carried out by incorporating slots or grooves for receiving strip-shaped reinforcements 2 into the lightweight material layer 4. The grooves can, for example, in prefabricated Lightweight panels are already incorporated before the connection with the thin cover plate 1, to subsequently glued strip-shaped reinforcements in these grooves. Slits can be achieved, for example, by gluing the lightweight panels in smaller parts with appropriate distances between them with the cover plate. 1
At all four edges of the lightweight material layer 4 of the square floor element grooves 3 are arranged, which serve to receive connecting strips 9. The floor elements may have edge lengths of 200 to 2200 mm, preferably squares with an edge length of 300 to 500 mm and a thickness of 10 to 40 mm are used. The grooves 3 are shorter than the edges of the plates, so that the lightweight material layer 4 terminates flush with the cover plate 1 at the corners.
The grooves can be arranged directly at the interface of the cover plate 1 and the lightweight material layer 4 or also in the lightweight material layer 4 and be spaced from the interface.

At the top and bottom of the lightweight material layer 4 intersecting grooves 12 are arranged, in which evaporate on the underside of the cover plates 1 forming condensation moisture and can be removed. By means of the grooves 12, it is also possible to guide atmospheric moisture arising from the substrate or water penetrating from the cover plate 1 to the edge of the floor surface.

The grooves may lie parallel and congruent one above the other in the upper and lower sides or may also be offset from one another.

With the in FIG. 2 , an isometric view of the element according to the invention from below, shown recesses 13, preferably the Touch grooves 12, in particular at the intersections of the grooves, warm air can be guided by a heat source located below the layer of lightweight material to the cover plate 1. Through the grooves 12, the hot air is supplied to a larger area and thus heats the cover plate 1.
In this embodiment, it is expedient to use a foam of increased density, so that the lower carrying capacity is compensated by the recesses.

A connection bar 9 is in FIG. 3 shown. The connecting bar 9 has at least two horizontal legs 9.1. The in the FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment is similar to a T-profile and has two horizontal legs 9.1 and an additional vertical leg 9.2. The thickness of the horizontal leg 9.1 is slightly smaller than the width of the grooves 3; in the longitudinal direction of the profile 9.1 profiling are arranged on the horizontal legs, which serve to clamp the horizontal leg 9.1 safely in the grooves 3 and so serve the compound adjacent arranged multilayer cover plates. To facilitate the assembly, it is expedient to provide the ends of the horizontal leg 9.1 at least on the bottom with a conical chamfer. The vertical leg 9.2 serves to maintain a defined butt joint width between the multilayer plates.

FIG. 4 shows an isometric cutout of an overall arrangement of a floor with a plurality of interconnected by connecting strips 9 multi-layer elements. The multilayer elements are laid on a flat lower layer; the lower layer consists of a lower film 8 with a quick-setting floating screed 7 poured over it. Above the screed 7, an upper film 6 is arranged. The lateral boundary of the floor is an L-shaped, arranged metallic angle profile 5, the horizontal leg is covered with the flow screed 7. Through this overlap, the angle section 5 is fixed in the lower layer. On the side facing the floor of the vertical leg of the angle section 5 is provided with a compressible sealing strip, which prevents the escape of mortar from the frame.

FIG. 5 explains a detail of a joint, in which there are additional fastening rails 10 in the side surfaces of the lightweight material layer 10, which have a groove into which the horizontal leg 9.1 of the connecting strips 9 engage. Advantageously, the horizontal leg 9.1 are formed by a slit elastic and provided at the lower ends with thickenings, which engage in corresponding, attached to the inner surfaces of the mounting rails undercuts and allow a positive but releasable connection, and so a safe and gap-free arrangement adjacent elements allows.
It is also possible that the vertical leg 9.2 are provided on its upper side with a colored edge strip 11 made of an elastic plastic, which fulfills both decorative tasks and improves the seal. The surface of the edge strip 11 can be next to the in FIG. 5a also represented level form, as in FIG. 5b shown, exalted or, as in FIG. 5c shown to be formed as a groove. Furthermore, it is possible to use embodiments of the connecting strip 9 without vertical legs 9.1. This embodiment, which is suitable in particular for use for outdoor terrace panels, is disclosed in US Pat FIG. 5d shown. Here, the connection bar 9 consists only of the two horizontal legs 9.2, which are provided with openings. This makes it possible to dissipate water from the surfaces of the elements, which thereby run into the gap between adjacent elements and can be derived through the connecting bar 9 therethrough.

Preferably, the grooves 3 are generated by recesses in the lightweight material layer 4, so that the additional, expensive use of mounting rails 10 is eliminated.

For grooves, which are spaced from the interface, it makes sense to also attach to the top of the grooves 3 undercuts and also to provide the connecting strips 9 to the horizontal leg with thickening.

Between de Leichtstoffschicht 4 and the cover plate 1 further layers may be arranged, for example, a metal layer to distribute the heat of a heater even more evenly.

The grooves 12 may be either continuous, so that, for example, form long channels in the association of several floor elements, or they may end within the surface of the lightweight material layer 4, so that they do not break the edge thereof or the grooves 3.

In FIG. 6 an embodiment is shown in which cover plates are strip-shaped. In this case, a plurality of parallel strip-shaped individual elements 1.1 are glued on the carrier element consisting of a lightweight material layer 4. Especially suitable for this are strips of wood. The individual elements can also be formed in any other forms, the attachment can be done both by gluing, as well as by means of screws, nails or other suitable connection options.

The strip-shaped individual elements 1.1 are fastened on a carrier element that can be in the form of a plate or a frame.

The connection of adjacent elements takes place by means of connecting elements which respectively engage in grooves which are located on vertical surfaces of adjacent elements. The connecting elements can be arranged between the individual elements 1.1 and / or at between adjacent carrier elements. Preferably, the connection is effected by means of a detent.

In a preferred embodiment, the strip-shaped individual elements 1.1 are located on a carrier element, which consists of a pressure-resistant lightweight material layer.

At the in FIG. 7 shown arrangement is inserted between the strip-shaped individual elements 1.1 1.1 a sealing profile. The sealing profile 1.2 consists in the case shown of a rubber strip which is reinforced for the purpose of better mountability with a plastic core and has two lateral beads which engage in grooves which are incorporated into the vertical surfaces of the wooden strips. At the upwardly projecting portion of the sealing profile 1.2 a thickening is mounted, which are in the example shown in chamfers of the individual elements 1.1. To achieve a high level of slip resistance, the sealing profile 1.2 can also protrude above the wooden strips.
Of course, the sealing profile 1.2 can also be made of other materials, such as plastic or metal.

FIG. 8 explains an embodiment in which an intermediate layer 2 of fleece is glued to the lightweight material layer 4. This layer facilitates the bonding of cover plates 1. As a material for the intermediate layer 2 in addition to non-woven paper and other materials suitable for improving the adhesive properties can be used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cover plate
1.1 strip-shaped single element
1.2 sealing profile

2

interlayer

3

groove

4

Lightweight material layer

5

angle section

6

upper foil

7

leveling screed

8th

lower foil

9

connecting strip
9.1 horizontal legs
9.2 vertical leg

10

mounting rail

11

lipping

12

groove

13

recess

Claims (2)

1. Planar multilayered element for floors, having a thin pressure-resistant and abrasion-resistant top panel (1) which forms the top side of the multilayered element, and in which a pressure-resistant carrier element is located at the lower side of the thin pressure-resistant and abrasion-resistant top panel (1) and fastened to the latter by an adhesive bond, while slots (3) are arranged in vertical lateral faces and joining bars (9) are attachable in the slots (3) for joining multilayered elements laid contiguously,
   characterized in that,

   - the carrier element consists of a pressure-resistant light-weight material layer (4) made of expanding polypropylene, and in that

   - the grooves are arranged in the light-weight material layer (4) and present a length which is shorter than the corresponding edge length of the carrier element while the carrier element and the top panel (1) rest flush on one another, except for interfacial unevenness, outside the grooves (3).
2. Planar element as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the carrier element presents grooves (12) at its bottom and/or top sides.

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