EP1516671A2 - Verfahren und System zur Zerkleinerung von Gegenständen - Google Patents

Verfahren und System zur Zerkleinerung von Gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1516671A2
EP1516671A2 EP04388062A EP04388062A EP1516671A2 EP 1516671 A2 EP1516671 A2 EP 1516671A2 EP 04388062 A EP04388062 A EP 04388062A EP 04388062 A EP04388062 A EP 04388062A EP 1516671 A2 EP1516671 A2 EP 1516671A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
objects
rotation
rollers
hold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04388062A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1516671A3 (de
Inventor
Finn Husum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tim Environment Products AS
Original Assignee
Tim Environment Products AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tim Environment Products AS filed Critical Tim Environment Products AS
Publication of EP1516671A2 publication Critical patent/EP1516671A2/de
Publication of EP1516671A3 publication Critical patent/EP1516671A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of fragmentising objects, said method comprising that the objects are advanced towards a number of rotating blades having at least on common axis of rotation, said blades being distributed according to a pattern along the axis of rotation, wherein - in line with the blades - at least one hold-on means is provided, said hold-on means being configured for cooperating with the blades for cutting into objects or full or partial crushing of objects or reducing the size of objects.
  • the invention relates to a system of fragmentising objects.
  • US 2003/0062435 describes an example of a method of fragmentising objects, wherein the method comprises that the objects are introduced in free-falling state to a rotating drum in a direction preferably perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drum.
  • Novel aspects of the method according to the invention comprises that the objects are, during fragmentation, advanced essentially at an angle which is oblique in relation to the path curves of the blades, or at right angles thereto, whereby an object is caused to contact at least a first blade during its advancement and then gradually, depending on the size of the object, with more blades along the axis of rotation. Tests have shown that the noise level is reduced in this manner, in particular in case of elongate objects of wood, without significantly affecting the capacity.
  • the oblique angle involves that the blades can successively be arranged further down and further away from the side from where the objects are advanced, and that must necessarily comprise a non-shielded opening. By enabling the blades to be farther away, the noise through the opening will be reduced and a larger part of the blades can be shielded from a noise point of view.
  • the hold-on means can be configured with cutting edges for cooperating with the blades, wherein the distance of the cutting edges to the blades is adjustable.
  • the distance of the cutting edges to the blades is adjustable.
  • branches will be cut, while they will be torn and frayed in case of larger distances.
  • a distance can be selected to be suitably large for avoiding that the nails are cut, thereby reducing the wear on the blades and, likewise, the nails can more easily be sorted out in a subsequent operation.
  • the advancement of the objects can be regulated relative to the speed of rotation of the blades.
  • the capacity is used optimally.
  • a reduction in the speed of rotation which may be indicative of an object which is difficult to fragmentise being processed, causes the advancement to be throttled back to avoid clogging.
  • the method may comprise use on objects of wood, wherein the objects are oriented such during their advancement that the blades hit the objects essentially in a direction which is perpendicular to the longitudinally extending axis of the veins.
  • orientation of the objects achieves further reduction of noise compared to random orientation of the objects. This can be used to advantage eg in case of fragmentation of EU-pallets, where the predominant orientation of the veins in the boards essentially constituting the pallet is known.
  • novel aspects of a system of fragmentising objects may comprise that the objects are advanced towards a number of rotating blades having at least one common axis of rotation, said blades being distributed in accordance with a pattern along the axis of rotation, wherein - in line with the blades - at least one hold-on means is provided, which hold-on means is configured for cooperating with the blades for cutting into objects or completely or partially crushing objects or reducing the size of objects, and wherein the objects are able to advance essentially at an angle which is inclined in relation to the path curves of the blades or at right angles thereto, whereby an object is caused to be in contact with at least a first blade during its advancement and then gradually, depending on the size of the object, with an increasing number of blades.
  • the same effect is accomplished as was described above in the context of the method of the invention.
  • the system may comprise at least one shaft or roller, to which shaft or roller the blades are attached.
  • all blades can be rotated together by the shaft or the roller being turned, thereby requiring only one drive means.
  • the system may comprise two shafts or rollers, said shafts or rollers having in a first plane essentially parallel axes of rotation, wherein blades are distributed along each axis of rotation in such a manner that an outer end of the cutter blades of each of these blades is situated on a diameter, which diameter is increased in the direction of advancement.
  • blades are distributed along each axis of rotation in such a manner that an outer end of the cutter blades of each of these blades is situated on a diameter, which diameter is increased in the direction of advancement.
  • the system may comprise two conical rollers, wherein the external diameter of the rollers are increased in the advancement direction of the objects, and wherein the blades are arranged to protrude in relation to the rollers.
  • This embodiment is simple to manufacture.
  • the conical surface of the rollers will serve as guide face for the objects and hence contribute to ensuring the advancement of the objects further on in the advancement direction.
  • the system may comprise two shafts or rollers, said shafts or rollers having axes of rotation being in a first plane situated obliquely in relation to each other, wherein blades are distributed along each axis of rotation in such a manner that an outer end of the cutter blade of each of these blades is situated on essentially the same diameter.
  • This embodiment is even simpler to manufacture and may provide more space for coupling of drive means to the shafts or the rollers at that end thereof where the ends are farthest away from each other.
  • the blades and the axes of rotation can be arranged in such a manner that outer ends of cutter blades of blades from each shaft or roller have overlapping path curves.
  • outer ends of cutter blades of blades from each shaft or roller have overlapping path curves.
  • the active side of the hold-on means can be arranged in a position within the overlapping path curves. Hereby it is further ensured that the objects are fragmented completely.
  • the active side of the hold-on means can be situated at an angle, which angle is inclined relative to a plane, in which plane the axes of rotation are in parallel and in such a manner that the distance between each axis of rotation and the active side of the hold-on means is increasing in the direction of advancement.
  • part of the path curve of the blades is increased which may influence the objects, thereby enabling the blades to function more efficiently which may increase the capacity.
  • outer ends of the cutter blades of the blades can be angled forwardly in the direction of rotation.
  • the blades will pull the objects towards the axis of rotation rather than pushing the objects away, thereby increasing the efficiency of the blades.
  • the blades at the smaller diameter of the rollers are arranged lengthwise essentially in line.
  • the speed of the blades is smaller on the position due to the smaller diameter, but in return there is more force available precisely due to the smaller diameter.
  • the blades at the larger diameter of the rollers are arranged lengthwise in a helical shape.
  • the blades are not to operate simultaneously, but come gradually, whereby the maximum torque for rotating the blades is reduced.
  • the system may comprise at least one conveyor belt for feeding objects and at least one advancement roller for advancing objects towards the blades.
  • at least one conveyor belt for feeding objects
  • at least one advancement roller for advancing objects towards the blades.
  • Figures 1-3 show a conical roller 6 on which a number of blades 1 are secured.
  • a hold-on means 4 is configured for cooperating with the blades for cutting into objects E (shown by dotted line in Figure 2) or complete or partial crushing of objects or reducing the size of objects, the roller 6 and hence the blades rotating in the direction R.
  • the hold-on means 4 may comprise a number of recesses with cutting edges 5.
  • a plate 10 is arranged that will guide the objects in the right direction.
  • Figure 2 shows advancement of an object E in the direction A towards the blades 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the roller 6 comprises a journaling end 18 and a shaft end 19 which is adapted for coupling to not shown means for rotating the roller 6.
  • a shaft can be used, on which blades are mounted directly or eg on laser-cut round plates welded to the shaft.
  • Figure 3 shows that the axis of rotation 2 is arranged at an angle C upwards in relation to the hold-on means 4.
  • the blades 1 will, in particular at the end where the diameter of the roller 6 is the largest, act across a larger angle per rotation compared to the situation where the hold-on means 4 is in parallel with the axis 2 and in the same level. This is due to the taper ratio.
  • the axis of rotation can be in parallel with the hold-on means 4, but it may be lifted a distance above the level of the hold-on means to increase the angle per rotation during which the blades 1 can act on an object E.
  • Figures 4-6 show an embodiment of a system with two rollers 6,7 and a hold-on means 4.
  • the rollers 6, 7 have parallel axes of rotation 2 and 3.
  • the plate 10 in Figure 1 has been replaced by a roller. That modification will increase the performance since more blades 1 are able to act on one or more objects.
  • Figure 4 shows that the axes of rotation 2 and 3 are in parallel with the advancement direction A of not shown objects.
  • objects will be advanced essentially perpendicular in relation to the path curves to be swept by the blades 1, which will be exemplified in Figure 5 by indications 11 and 12 that indicate a part of the path curve of a blade 1 on each roller 6, 7. It will also appear that the path curves overlap within a zone 13.
  • the hold-on means 4 can advantageously be arranged at the lower edge of the zone 13, whereby it is ensured that any object will be hit by a blade 1, irrespective of how small the object is.
  • Figure 5 indicates that preferably the rollers 6 and 7 rotate towards each other and down towards the hold-on means 4. Objects will hereby be cut apart/cut/crushed etc. between blades 1 and hold-on means 4.
  • the hold-on means 4 and/or the rollers 6, 7 are preferably adjustable, whereby the distance between cutting edges 5 and blades 1 can be regulated, eg for selection of desired effect on the objects.
  • the blades 1 can be distributed along each axis of rotation 2 and 3 in such a manner that an outer end of the cutter blade of each of these blades is situated on a diameter, which diameter is increased in the direction of advancement A. It will further appear that the external diameter of the two conical rollers is increased in the direction of advancement A of the objects; and that the blades are arranged to protrude relative to the rollers. It will further appear from Figure 5 that outer ends of the cutter blades of the blades 1 are angled forwards in the direction of rotation R.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show an embodiment of a conical valve 6 with blades 1, including blades arranged in line 15 at the smaller diameter of the roller and blades arranged helically 14 at the larger diameter of the roller.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show cylindrical rollers 16 and 17 arranged at an angle B between their respective axes of rotation 2 and 3. Moreover, a hold-on means 4 is shown that has cutting edges 5 configured for cooperating with blades 1 secured to the rollers.
  • An exemplified object E is conveyed in a direction A towards the blades 1. The direction A is not in parallel with the axes 2 and 3, whereby the object E is conveyed under an oblique angle towards the path curves swept by the blades 1 during rotation. If the object E is a board with its veins situated in the direction A, it will appear that the blades 1 will hit the object transversally and obliquely and thereby tear the wood apart predominantly by pulling fibres from fibres and to some extent also by cutting off.
  • rollers 16 and 27 have axes of rotation 2 and 3 that are, in a first plane, situated obliquely in relation to each other with the angle B, wherein blades 1 are distributed along each axis of rotation 2 and 3 in such a manner that an outer end of the cutter blades of each of these blades is situated on essentially the same diameter.
  • Figures 11-13 show a conical roller 6 with blades 1 that are able to receive objects from a conveyor 20 and deliver the objects in finely-divided state to yet a conveyer 22, which in turn delivers the finely-divided objects on to a further conveyor 23.
  • Figures 12 and 13 also show a second roller 7, and Figure 13 shows a hold-on means 4 that cooperates with the blades 1.
  • the supply of force and energy to the various devices are neither shown nor explained as it can be accomplished without further ado by a person skilled in the art.
  • the system according to the invention can be incorporated in process lines etc without further ado, including also fragmentising rejected objects of plastics that are, following being finely divided, returned to an extruder.
  • the system and method according to the invention can be used eg for fragmentation and reduction of the volume of:
  • the system and the method may also lend itself for use for other similar materials and products and can be integrated in/implemented directly in eg a process line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP04388062A 2003-09-18 2004-09-16 Verfahren und System zur Zerkleinerung von Gegenständen Withdrawn EP1516671A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK200301351 2003-09-18
DKPA200301351 2003-09-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1516671A2 true EP1516671A2 (de) 2005-03-23
EP1516671A3 EP1516671A3 (de) 2005-10-05

Family

ID=34178333

Family Applications (1)

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EP04388062A Withdrawn EP1516671A3 (de) 2003-09-18 2004-09-16 Verfahren und System zur Zerkleinerung von Gegenständen

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EP (1) EP1516671A3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109530041A (zh) * 2018-12-05 2019-03-29 温州大学 一种粉碎刀具模块及流体粉碎装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3545692A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-12-08 Coachella Valley Organic Ferti Feed and guidance control apparatus for a tree hogger unit
DE2135116A1 (de) * 1971-07-14 1973-02-01 Inter Wood Maschinen Vorrichtung zur herstellung von grobfaserstoff
DE2432346A1 (de) * 1972-08-24 1976-01-22 Donald Earl Strong Zerspanungsvorrichtung
US4771953A (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-20 Morbark Industries, Inc. Retractable anvil chipper
DE19837436A1 (de) * 1998-08-18 2000-02-24 Franz Wieneke Zerkleinerungseinrichtung für stengelige Pflanzen und Gehölze

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3545692A (en) * 1968-01-22 1970-12-08 Coachella Valley Organic Ferti Feed and guidance control apparatus for a tree hogger unit
DE2135116A1 (de) * 1971-07-14 1973-02-01 Inter Wood Maschinen Vorrichtung zur herstellung von grobfaserstoff
DE2432346A1 (de) * 1972-08-24 1976-01-22 Donald Earl Strong Zerspanungsvorrichtung
US4771953A (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-20 Morbark Industries, Inc. Retractable anvil chipper
DE19837436A1 (de) * 1998-08-18 2000-02-24 Franz Wieneke Zerkleinerungseinrichtung für stengelige Pflanzen und Gehölze

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109530041A (zh) * 2018-12-05 2019-03-29 温州大学 一种粉碎刀具模块及流体粉碎装置
CN109530041B (zh) * 2018-12-05 2023-08-15 温州大学 一种粉碎刀具模块及流体粉碎装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1516671A3 (de) 2005-10-05

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