EP0903183B1 - Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern und Brechen groben Materials - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern und Brechen groben Materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0903183B1
EP0903183B1 EP98203133A EP98203133A EP0903183B1 EP 0903183 B1 EP0903183 B1 EP 0903183B1 EP 98203133 A EP98203133 A EP 98203133A EP 98203133 A EP98203133 A EP 98203133A EP 0903183 B1 EP0903183 B1 EP 0903183B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
roller
disks
crushing
ribs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98203133A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0903183A1 (de
Inventor
Freek Willem Laurens De Ridder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Visno Machinefabriek BV
Original Assignee
Visno Machinefabriek BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Visno Machinefabriek BV filed Critical Visno Machinefabriek BV
Publication of EP0903183A1 publication Critical patent/EP0903183A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0903183B1 publication Critical patent/EP0903183B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/22—Crushing mills with screw-shaped crushing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C2018/147—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing and crushing coarse material, comprising at least two rollers in side-by-side substantially parallel relation which can be driven such that material supplied from above is discharged downwards between the rollers, on which rollers ribs are provided effecting a reduction and crushing of the material supplied.
  • the apparatus is in particular intended for reducing and crushing vegetable, fruit and garden waste.
  • the ribs are formed by a screw thread provided on each of the rollers and the rollers are driven such or the screw threads are provided such that the conveying direction of one screw thread is opposite to that of the other screw thread.
  • the screw threads comprise a crushing edge. These crushing edges are active in the - mutually opposite - conveying directions of the screw threads and engage and cut the material to be reduced and crushed in two opposite directions.
  • a crushing apparatus that has one roller and a fixed crushing blade part.
  • the ribs on the roller form two screw threads with opposite transporting directions.
  • the fixed blade part contains semi-circular crushing blades. The roller pushes material against the blades. Large and though fragments of material have to be either crushed or pushed over the blades.
  • the object of the invention is to realize an improved manner of reducing and crushing.
  • the apparatus as described in the preamble is characterized in that the ribs of a first one of said rollers are formed by two screw threads having opposite leads for conveying material that is fed substantially centrally above the rollers laterally outwards in either direction, and the ribs of the second one of said rollers are formed by oval disks which are obliquely provided around the roller and which, when the roller is driven, perform a reciprocating movement, viewed in axial direction, causing a shearing and clearing movement between the oval disks and the screw threads.
  • the relative speed between the ribs of the two rollers in axial direction varies substantially.
  • the two rollers have the same diameters and are driven at a suitably selected rotational speed, and the oblique position of the oval disks on the second roller approximately corresponds to the angle which the tangent to a screw thread on the first roller makes relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roller, the relative speed between the ribs on the two rollers in axial direction will vary from about zero to about twice the peripheral velocity of the rollers at a specific ratio of the lead of this screw thread and the radius of the rollers.
  • the reducing and crushing action of the rollers is not constant.
  • a kind of shearing and clearing movement or, in other words, a pulsating shearing movement is realized which improves in particular the reducing effect on large and tough fragments.
  • the two rollers are nevertheless preferably driven in opposite directions such the material supplied can readily be conveyed downwards between the rollers.
  • cutting elements may be provided between the oval disks on the second roller and/or between the successive revolutions of each of the screw threads on the first roller. In view of wear or possible fracture, it is favorable when the cutting elements are arranged so as to be replaceable. To prevent the cutting elements from all being loaded at the same time, which may result in an undue load on the relevant rollers, the cutting elements may be staggered tangentially in the longitudinal direction of the roller or rollers.
  • the cutting action of the second roller can further be improved when the oval disks over a part of their circumference have a curvature which deviates such that a cutting face directed to the center of the disks is formed.
  • these cutting faces may be staggered for the successive oval disks.
  • these cutting faces are provided where the relative speed relative to the first roller is zero.
  • a third roller is present, centrally below and parallel to the first and second rollers, which third roller cooperates with these rollers.
  • This third roller preferably comprises round disks provided straight around it and partitions arranged between these disks in a slightly spiral configuration. These disks and partitions form sections on the surface of the third roller, in which sections the material is confined, while material projecting from these sections is further reduced and crushed in cooperation with blades arranged beside this third roller. In this third roller, no horizontal transport of material takes place.
  • the slightly spiral configuration is provided to prevent the partitions from being simultaneously loaded over the entire length of the roller.
  • the speed of the rollers can be adjusted back when the load on the drive mechanism increases, so that overload can be prevented. Further, the direction of rotation of at least the first and second rollers can be reversed when the load on the drive mechanism of the rollers exceeds a predetermined value. In this manner, stoppages between the first and the second roller can be prevented.
  • the apparatus shown in the Figures comprises a rectangular housing 1 in which three mutually parallel rollers 3, 4 and 5 are arranged between funnel-shaped inner walls 2.
  • a feed-in funnel 6 Provided at the top side of the housing 1 is a feed-in funnel 6.
  • a feed-out funnel formed by the lower portion of the inner walls 2, whereby the reduced and crushed material can be dumped onto a discharge conveying belt (not shown).
  • rollers 3, 4 and 5 are driven by means of hydromotors 7 controlled from a hydraulic unit (not shown) disposed elsewhere.
  • This unit is built up from an electromotor mounting a pump distribution box having four hydraulic pumps, each pump incorporated into a closed system; one pump for each of the upper rollers 3 and 4 and two pumps which jointly provide the drive of the lower roller 5.
  • a control box (not shown) having a computer, monitor and keyboard (PLC - "programmable logic control" with display) is installed.
  • PLC "programmable logic control" with display
  • the main process data can be displayed.
  • the apparatus can be controlled via the keyboard and operates fully automatically. However, the possibility for a manual operation remains present. If necessary, the process parameters can be modified via the keyboard.
  • the (first) roller 3 is provided with ribs formed by two screw threads 8 and 9 having opposite leads for conveying material that is fed substantially centrally above the rollers laterally outwards in both directions.
  • the (second) roller 4 is provided with ribs formed by oval disks 10 which are obliquely provided around the roller 4 and which, when the roller 4 is driven, perform a reciprocating movement, viewed in axial direction.
  • the oval disks 10 are arranged at such an angle and are of such eccentricity that the enveloping line is formed by a cylinder having a circular, straight section.
  • the angle ⁇ at which the oval disks 10 are arranged is approximately equal to the angle which the tangent to the screw threads on the roller 3 makes relative to a straight section.
  • cutting elements 11 are provided between the oval disks, which cutting elements are tangentially staggered in the longitudinal direction of the roller.
  • the oval disks 10, as indicated in Fig. 5, over apart of their circumference have a curvature 12 which deviates such that a cutting face 13 directed to the center of the disks is formed. These cutting faces 13 are staggered for the successive oval disks 10.
  • the third roller 5 has round disks 14 provided straight around it and partitions 15 arranged between these disks in a slightly spiral configuration.
  • a blade 16 Provided next to this roller 5, on either side thereof, is a blade 16 for further reducing and crushing material projecting from the sections 17 formed by the round disks 14 and the partitions 15.
  • the operation of the apparatus is as follows.
  • the material to be reduced and crushed is supplied via the feed-in funnel 6 and passed down between the rollers 3 and 4, which normally rotate towards each other in the feeding direction, the material being cut along the top edge of the ribs due to the difference in axial speed of the ribs 8, 9 and 10 on the rollers 3 and 4, which cutting action is reinforced by the cutting elements 11 on the roller 4 and the cutting faces 13 on the oval disks 10.
  • a shearing action is created between the screw thread and the oval disks.
  • this relative speed decreases, a clearing movement is created. During this clearing movement, the cutting faces 13 and the cutting elements 11 pass the screw thread, so that an additional reduction takes place.
  • the speed of the rollers 3 and 4 can be adjusted back. By measuring the load permanently, this back-adjustment can be realized automatically. If the load exceeds a predetermined value, the direction of rotation of the rollers 3 and 4 is reversed. This may of course also be effected automatically.
  • the invention is by no means limited to the embodiment described herein with reference to the Figures, but comprises all kinds of modifications hereto in so far as they fall within the scope of the following claims.
  • the third roller need not necessarily be present.
  • cutting elements if necessary tangentially staggered, may also be provided on the first roller.
  • the cutting elements mounted on the top roller or rollers may be detachable, enabling them to be readily replaced when they break down.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinern und Brechen von grobem Material, die nebeneinander und im wesentlichen parallel zumindest zwei Walzen (3,4) aufweist, die in einer solchen Weise angetrieben werden können, daß das Material, das von oben zugeführt wird, nach unten zwischen den Walzen (3,4) ausgegeben wird, wobei auf den Walzen (3,4) Rippen (8,9,10) vorgesehen sind, die ein Zerkleinern und ein Brechen des zugeführten Material bewirken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rippen (8,9) einer ersten der Walzen (3) durch zwei Schraubengewinde mit entgegengesetzten Steigungen zum Transportieren des Material, das im wesentlichen zentral oberhalb der Walzen (3,4) zugeführt wird, seitlich nach außen in beide Richtungen gebildet wird, und daß die Rippen (10) der zweiten der Walzen (4) durch ovale Scheiben gebildet sind, die um die Walze (4) herum schräg vorgesehen sind und die bei Antrieb der Walze (4) eine hin- und hergehende Bewegung bei Betrachtung in Axialrichtung ausführen, wodurch eine Scher- und Freigabebewegung zwischen den ovalen Scheiben (10) und den Schraubengewinden (8,9) bewirkt wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneidelemente (11) zwischen den ovalen Scheiben (10) auf der zweiten Walze (4) vorgesehen sind.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneidelemente (11) zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Umläufen von jedem der Schraubengewinde (8,9) auf der ersten Walze (3) vorgesehen sind.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneidelemente (11) in einer solchen Weise vorgesehen sind, daß diese auswechselbar sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneidelemente (11) tangential versetzt in Längsrichtung der Walze oder der Walzen (3,4) angeordnet sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ovalen Scheiben (10) über einen Teil ihres Umfangs eine Krümmung haben, die in einer solchen Weise abweicht, daß eine Schneidfläche (13), die zur Mitte der Scheiben (10) gerichtet ist, ausgebildet wird.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneidfläche (13) für die aufeinanderfolgenden ovalen Scheiben (10) versetzt angeordnet ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zentral unterhalb der ersten und zweiten Walze (3,4) und parallel zu diesen eine dritte Walze (5) vorhanden ist, die im Zusammenwirken mit den Walzen (3,4), die oberhalb von dieser angeordnet sind, eine weitere Zerkleinerung und ein weiteres Brechen bewirken kann.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dritte Walze (5) runde Scheiben (14), die gerade um diese herum angeordnet sind, und Trennwände (15) aufweist, die zwischen den Scheiben (14) in einer geringfügig spiralförmigen Anordnung vorgesehen sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß benachbart zur dritten Walze (5) Flügel (16) zur weiteren Zerkleinerung und zum weiteren Brechen von Material angeordnet sind, das von den durch die runden Scheiben (14) und die Trennwände (15) gebildeten Abschnitten vorsteht.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehzahl der Walzen (3,4) zurückgeregelt wird, wenn sich die Last auf den Antriebsmechanismus der Walzen (3,4) erhöht.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotationsrichtung von zumindest der ersten und der zweiten Walze (3,4) umgekehrt wird, wenn die Last auf den Antriebsmechanismus der Walzen (3,4) einen vorbestimmten Wert übersteigt.
EP98203133A 1997-09-18 1998-09-17 Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern und Brechen groben Materials Expired - Lifetime EP0903183B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1007069 1997-09-18
NL1007069A NL1007069C2 (nl) 1997-09-18 1997-09-18 Inrichting voor het verkleinen en vermalen van grof materiaal.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0903183A1 EP0903183A1 (de) 1999-03-24
EP0903183B1 true EP0903183B1 (de) 2002-12-11

Family

ID=19765700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98203133A Expired - Lifetime EP0903183B1 (de) 1997-09-18 1998-09-17 Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern und Brechen groben Materials

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0903183B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE229374T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69810044T2 (de)
NL (1) NL1007069C2 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUP0700246A2 (en) * 2007-03-28 2009-04-28 Foevarosi Csatornazasi Muevek Method for convertion of organic wastes using contiliuous operated closed system
FI126696B (fi) * 2009-03-24 2017-04-13 Allu Finland Oy Murskaava kauha
DE102012216914B4 (de) 2012-09-20 2017-01-05 Hammel GmbH & Co.KG Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
FR3043091B1 (fr) * 2015-11-04 2020-07-17 Haffner Energy Dispositif de thermolyse avec mecanisme de fragmentation
CN108043544A (zh) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-18 安徽金龙山葛业有限公司 一种野葛根汁的分离设备
CN109092537A (zh) * 2018-08-06 2018-12-28 文福友 一种高效垃圾粉碎装置
CZ2019127A3 (cs) * 2019-03-04 2020-06-10 Briklis, Spol.S R.O. Drtič pro mělnění a drcení materiálů
CN110577043A (zh) * 2019-08-19 2019-12-17 长沙市天珍科技有限公司 一种专用园林绿化垃圾回收处理装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE427624B (sv) 1981-06-12 1983-04-25 Harry Wilhelm Wexell Sett och anordning for sonderdelning av grovt gods
US4921176A (en) * 1987-05-09 1990-05-01 Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo, Co., Ltd. Apparatus for crushing things
JPH0649151B2 (ja) * 1988-08-10 1994-06-29 極東開発工業株式会社 ディスク形破砕機
JP3226107B2 (ja) * 1991-07-22 2001-11-05 株式会社栗本鐵工所 ロータ剪断式破砕機
JP3153679B2 (ja) * 1993-06-18 2001-04-09 日本スピンドル製造株式会社 粗大物破砕装置
SE9401595L (sv) * 1994-05-06 1995-06-19 Iggesund Shredders Ab Anordning vid sönderdelning av gods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69810044D1 (de) 2003-01-23
EP0903183A1 (de) 1999-03-24
NL1007069C2 (nl) 1999-03-22
ATE229374T1 (de) 2002-12-15
DE69810044T2 (de) 2003-09-25

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