Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
  • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
  • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
  • F42B12/367—Projectiles fragmenting upon impact without the use of explosives, the fragments creating a wounding or lethal effect

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multi-purpose projectile, a warhead or a missile with an ALP module.
• the endballistic overall effect from penetration depth and area coverage is achieved by endballistic active elements such as KE penetrators, shaped charges or projectile-forming charges and by the various splinters (ALP splitter and / or splinter head), disc, ring or P-charge or shaped charge splinters in conjunction with Blast effects.
• the present invention has for its object to provide an improved projectile or warhead that uses an active body according to the ALP principle in a particularly effective manner.
• the hybrid, polyvalent projectile or the hybrid, polyvalent warhead according to the invention has an active agent-delivering agent part, the active agents preferably in the tip or in the area of the projectile or near the tip Warhead are positioned; an ALP projectile part, preferably arranged behind the active agent projectile part, with an end-ballistically effective casing and an inert pressure transmission medium provided within the casing; and a pyrotechnic device provided between the active agent projectile part and the ALP projectile part both for triggering the active agents in the active agent projectile part and for establishing a pressure field via the inert pressure transmission medium of the ALP projectile part.
• the present invention provides a particularly simple link between the ALP principle and projectiles with heads or projectile segments that deliver fragments or functional units, in that the detonative or pyrotechnic device simultaneously serves both functional units as a pressure-generating / accelerating element.
• MZ storeys multi-purpose storeys
• the invention relates to an active penetrator, an active projectile, an active missile or an active laterally effective multi-purpose projectile (MZ, hybrid projectile) in combination with axial and radial splitter modules or separate functional units with accelerating explosive component.
• MZ multi-purpose projectile
• the endballistic overall effect of splinter, disc effect, depth of penetration and axial and radial surface coverage / surface loading is initiated by means of a device (device) which can be triggered in the optimal position of the active body in order to trigger the effectiveness (or the active effects).
• the spectrum ranges from penetrators that are primarily dismantled on a pyrotechnic basis (e.g.
• splitter head / ALP part with or without an explosive splitter module
• partially inert projectiles e.g. PELE module and integrated KE active part or KE- Module alone
• pure splinter head for special targeting.
• the performance spectrum of the penetrators shown in DE 197 00 349 Cl (PELE) and EP-A-1 316 774 (ALP) is linked with that of explosive / splinter / disc (multi-purpose, tandem) projectiles and additionally combined with functions of splinter heads.
• This combines the properties of a wide variety of ammunition concepts in a previously unknown variety of combinations and efficiency in a single functional unit. This not only leads to a decisive improvement of previously known multi-purpose bullets, but also to an almost unlimited expansion of the conceivable range of applications for all conceivable ground targets from unarmored to heavily armored objects.
• FIG. 1A shows a spin-stabilized projectile with a combination of splitter head and ALP module according to the invention
• IB shows an aerodynamically stabilized projectile with a combination of splitter head and ALP module according to the invention
• IC shows a three-part aerodynamically stabilized projectile with a combination of HL head, ALP and KE module according to the invention; 2 shows a tip with an integrated functional unit (cf. EP-A-1 316 774);
• FIG. 4 shows an ALP fragment head projectile with (here four) laterally acting fragment charges
• 5 shows an ALP splinter-head projectile with (here six) surface-building charges
• 6 shows an ALP tip module with (here four) charges acting obliquely forwards / outwards (e.g. P charges, disc or splinter charges);
• FIG. 7 shows an ALP splinter head projectile, designed as a splitter head with three splinter cones; 8 shows an ALP splinter head projectile, designed as a convex splitter head of different occupancy thickness;
• FIG. 9 shows an ALP splinter-head projectile with an integrated HL / P charge module
• Figure 1 1 is a diagram for explaining the dependence of the muzzle velocity on the mass to be accelerated for the caliber 120 mm.
• FIG. 13 shows an ALP projectile with a splinter head and inner core
• FIG. 14 shows a modular projectile (or projectile head) with a core in the tip region, splinter part, ALP and KE module;
• 17 shows a modular projectile with splinter head, core and PELE module
• 18 shows a projectile with a splinter head, PELE module and core; 19 shows a projectile head with a splitter module;
• 22A shows a fragmentation charge with an upper inert body and ring ignition
• 22B shows a fragmentation charge with an outer upper inert body
• 23 shows a fragmentation charge with detonation wave guidance
• 26 shows a modular projectile (or warhead) with a splinter pocket and ALP module; 27 shows a projectile with a P charge head and core with a fragmentation charge;
• 29 shows a radially segmented penetrator with a central dismantling device
• 30 shows a projectile with a splinter head and a central penetrator with a high degree of slenderness with shock absorption;
• 31 shows a modular projectile with a splinter head and a two-part core;
• 32 shows a modular projectile with a splinter head and multi-part core
• 34 shows a modular projectile with a fragment head / fragment rings and a central long penetrator; 35 shows a modular floor with a solid tip, splinter rings and a central core as well as an ALP module;
• 36 shows a modular projectile with a long central penetrator, conical splinter discs and ALP module; 37 shows a floor cross section with a hexagonal central penetrator, flat splinter elements and outer shell; and
• FIG. 38 shows a modular projectile without a tip / outer ballistic hood with splinter rings, a long central penetrator and ALP module.
• Figures 1A to IC show examples according to the invention. These are penetrators with active, laterally active parts in combination with one
• FIG. 1A shows a shorter (for example, spin-stabilized) version of a projectile 1 with a local, splinter-accelerating and at the same time pressure-generating element 7A for the fragmentation assignment 1 1 in the subsequent module
• FIG. IB shows a longer (for example aerodynamically stabilized) construction 2 with the fragment accelerating element 7B for the fragmentation 12 and a central, further pressure-generating element (detonating cord) 9.
• Figure IC shows an aerodynamically stabilized, three-part version 3 with HL head 13, the explosive of the HL part simultaneously delivering the pressure for the subsequent ALP module.
• the jacket 4 of the ALP module which is effective because of its material properties, mass and speed and has an end ballistic effect, enveloping the pressure-transmitting medium 6, forms the central, radial splitter unit. This is followed by a feature component.
• the medium 6 transmits the pressure generated by means of a controllable, pyrotechnic device 7A, 7B, 7C to the enveloping body 4 and thus causes it to be broken down into fragments / sub-levels with a lateral movement component. All examples are provided with an outer ballistic hood 5.
• the triggering device 8 can consist of a simple touch sensor, a timer, a programmable module, a receiving part and a security component.
• the device 8 can be connected to the locally concentrated pressure-generating unit 7A, 7B, 7C by means of a cylinder-like (ignition cord-like) pyrotechnic module 9 (cf. FIGS. IB and IC) or by means of a line 10, which may also have pyrotechnic properties (cf. Figure 1A).
• the tip represents an essential parameter for the performance of a projectile.
• EP-A-1 316 774 has already indicated (cf. FIG. 15 there) that the tip can be designed as a splinter module.
• DE 197 00 349 Cl deals with this aspect in more detail.
• tip as a construction space, detachable tip and tip as an upstream penetrator.
• the tip can be partially hollow or filled. It is also conceivable that performance-supporting elements are integrated into the tip.
• Figures 2 and 3A, 3B show examples: Figure 2 ( Figure 43B in EP-A-1 316 774) shows an active tip module 14, consisting of the splinter jacket 15 in connection with the pyrotechnic element 17 and a pressure transmission medium 16.
• FIG. 3A (FIG. 43C in EP-A-1 316 774) shows a tip 19 connected upstream of the ALP module 23 with a pyrotechnic element 17 in a sleeve 20.
• FIG. 3B shows a further tip design, for example a tip element 21 upstream of the ALP module 24, in which the pyrotechnic module 17 is also located in a sleeve and at the same time in the one with a medium 22 filled tip protrudes into it.
• the active components installed in the front part of the projectile or directly in the area of the tip can be effective separately or triggered or controlled independently. They are preferably combined directly with technical designs within the scope of the present invention with the aim of an optimal overall function.
• Components can also be integrated that provide high axial performance at a correspondingly high rate of advance (advance), such as shaped charges, flat cone charges and also disk / plate-shaped explosive-accelerated projectiles (see Figures 6, 10, 28, 35-38).
• Such structures are e.g. of particular interest if systems such as active and reactive components are to be triggered before the bullet hits the target.
• systems of this type are particularly suitable for combating deeper target structures, components, walls and bunker walls, since the active component leading ahead leads to predestruction of the structure.
• the subsequent penetrator modules are not consumed prematurely or can penetrate or penetrate without breaking and thus achieve particularly high performance.
• Projectiles of this type are ideally suited, for example, in combination with the ALP principle to combat incoming threats such as warheads or combat or reconnaissance drones that cannot be fought with direct hits. Even conventional fragments are practically ineffective due to the encounter situation with drones and their very limited distribution of fragments.
• the mode of operation of the present invention in combination with a corresponding trigger unit promises an efficiency that has not been achievable so far
• the immediate near range (less than 1 m), the near range (1 m to 3 m), the closer range (3 m to 10 m), the middle range (10 m to 30 m) ) and the area closer to the target (over 30 m)
• the area over 30 m can still be interesting, since there are already charges that work over a distance of well over 100 calibers Obvious that with floor structures according to the invention, almost any palette is available in order to achieve desired effects in accordance with the known or expected target scenario in a range that was previously unattainable
• FIGS. 4 to 10 show a series of explanatory examples and technical design proposals, although of course further basic arrangements are also possible.
• the arrows, which symbolize the resultants of the propagation of the active agents or fragments, indicate the mass or the speed of the length and thickness Active components
• FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional drawing of an ALP tip module 25 with four mainly laterally acting late charges 26. These are accelerated by a central explosive body 27. This results in four splinter fields with preferred directions of propagation 30A to 30D.
• the shape of the body 27 and the surface design 29 of the latex bodies 26, the fields can be varied, e.g. they have a more scattering effect or they can be more focused.
• the axial component of the splinter speed can also be increased.Other simple changes are the shape, the mass and the material of the splinters 26 or the accelerated active surfaces.
• the sputter fields 26 can also cover the entire space 28 up to the housing 31 Filling out It is also conceivable to manufacture the latex body 26 from a pressed material or from a block of material that is either accelerated as a disk (plate) or disassembled upon detonation of 27. Multilayered and also combined coverings are also possible FIG. 5 again shows in cross section, as a further example for the design of a projectile or warhead, a module 32 with six laterally acting areal splinter distributions, which are possible from a central pyrotechnic module 34 in connection with corresponding metallic inserts 35 made of copper, tantalum, tungsten or others heavy and ductile materials are formed and build 36A to 36G splinter surfaces in six directions. Of course, the number of charges is freely selectable and depends primarily on the dimensions of such a module 32.
• the housing wall 33 can also emit splinters with a corresponding design.
• FIG. 6 shows two further variants of a lace design according to the invention as a longitudinal and cross section.
• the upper part for example, it shows an ALP tip module 37 with four charges acting obliquely to the front / outside (speed-resulting 38) (e.g. P-charges 39, formed from the central explosive element 40 and the metallic insert 41).
• speed-resulting 38 e.g. P-charges 39, formed from the central explosive element 40 and the metallic insert 41.
• Corresponding forward / outward splinter charges splinter pockets 43
• This technical variant 44 is shown in the lower part of FIG. 6.
• FIG. 7 shows two further examples of an ALP tip module 45 with a mainly axially acting splinter head, here in the upper half of the figure, formed from three splinter cones 47 (direction of propagation 53) behind an outer ballistic hood 48.
• the acceleration charge 49 for the splinter cones 47 is according to the invention an element at the same time, for example a further detonating cylinder / detonating cord for the active dismantling of the projectile shell 50 is connected via the preferably solid (e.g. metallic) pressure transmission medium 51.
• the cargo 49 can also be separated from subsequent charges such as the charge must be 9 (see lower half of the picture).
• the splinter distribution can also be influenced by the type of external dam.
• FIG. 8 shows two further examples of an ALP tip module 56 (top) and 57 (bottom) with a splitter head. This is again covered by an outer ballistic hood 58. This can be hollow (top) or contain additional fragments or other active agents 59 (bottom).
• the direction of propagation 61 of the splinters of the splinter body 60 can be predetermined by appropriately shaping the surface 64 of the acceleration unit 62. Behind 62 there can be a damaging and at the same time pressure-transmitting medium 63, in which further, arbitrarily shaped splinters can be embedded evenly or unevenly distributed.
• a device according to the present invention can be combined in connection with further functional units in a way that has not previously been possible.
• a correspondingly designed ALP can already be an efficient multi-purpose floor (MZ floor).
• MZ bullets (these are mainly large-caliber ammunition in the caliber range 60 mm to over 155 mm) have the primary task of fighting targets where the use of bullets designed for high penetration performance is not sensible or alone sufficient.
• weakly armored point targets such as Fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters such as those for unarmored or weakly armored ground targets with a larger surface area or lighter targets at greater combat distances.
• These tasks are usually achieved by means of fragment-emitting devices, often in combination with a shaped charge or P-charge module.
• FIG. 9 shows two examples of an ALP tip module 65 with an axially active component with a high breakdown power (direction of action 66) with simultaneously lateral components.
• a shaped charge module with the explosive part 67 and a tapered (trumpet-shaped, degressive or progressive) insert 68 is shown.
• the pressure-transmitting medium 70 is to be selected here in such a way that it has a dynamic damaging / supporting effect for the shaped charge. In terms of strength and density, a plastic can be sufficient. Of course, this also applies to the other examples shown so far and the following examples.
• FIG. 10 Various options for the design of the insert 68 are shown in FIG. 10. These range from pure HL inlays 68 to the formation of fast shaped charge jets with top speeds of up to over 8,000 m / s (slender speed arrow 66) via projectile-forming flat-conical or spherical-shell-shaped inlays 71, which are still at 2,000 m / s to 3,000 ms can generate P charge 73 approaching the target or projectile hitting a target (thick, relatively short speed arrow 69). Furthermore, the axially accelerated active part can also consist of a plate, disk or ring-shaped support 74 which can reach speeds of a few 100 m / s to 2,000 m / s.
• Such disc heads can also be constructed from two or more discs, which can consist of different materials and of different thicknesses. For better dynamic separation, it can also make sense to insert a pyrotechnic or a pressure-transmitting medium between the individual disks.
• an HL component pre-charge
• a main charge of an HL projectile in particular for triggering reactive targets (tandem charges).
• tandem charges reactive targets
• all previously known pre-hollow charges can be integrated and linked with components specific to the invention.
• the precharge positioned in the beam path of the main charge does not reduce the output, but rather benefits the total output of a projectile in accordance with the invention.
• a still remarkable final ballistic effectiveness of a projectile according to the present invention can be expected both as a KE or PELE projectile and as an ALP.
• An assumed average mass for the penetrator of 16 kg could then be divided as follows at a muzzle velocity of 1200 m / s: mass of the splitter / basement shell 8 kg, mass of a central penetrator (central or axial element) 3 kg, mass of the pressure-generating elements 0.2 kg, mass of the pressure-transmitting / additionally effective media or active parts 2 kg, mass for splinter-releasing tip or HL or P charge tip, tail unit and other elements 2.8 kg.
• Figure 1 1 also shows the performance field that results from taking into account the internal ballistic performance increases already apparent according to publications (eg by means of DNDA (di-nitro-di-AZA) - propellant charge powder).
• An increase in the muzzle velocity of approximately 100 ms to 120 m / s can then be assumed - cf. dashed function course.
• the resulting shift in the design range both with regard to a desired increase in speed (direction A) and with regard to a larger mass of penetration or penetrator (direction B) is shown. This allows the projectile estimated above (mass 16 kg) to be fired at approximately 1,300 m / s.
• a projectile mass (tube mass) of 22 kg to 23 kg can be accelerated to approximately 1,200 m / s. Since the masses assumed above for sabot, tip and rear and for the additional devices remain practically unchanged, this can In the case of a mass for the projectile / splinter jacket of 10 kg and a mass for the central penetrator of about 4 kg again. A mass of about 3.5 kg would then be available for the projectile head. So it would be quite remarkable bullet or warhead tips. Under these conditions, it is also conceivable to dispense with a central penetrator if the casing mass is then 14 kg. Fundamentally, in flying objects, the splinter penetration performance that originates both from the tip or rather near the tip and from the storey is sufficient to combat hardened targets.
• penetrators of this type can achieve penetration rates that are comparable to or even better than those of high-performance penetrators when penetrating, in particular, bulkhead targets or reactive armor.
• constructive measures see remarks in connection with Figures 9 and 10.
• subpenetrators made of hard and heavy metal
• FIG. 12 An ALP with a splinter head is shown in FIG. 12 as a spin-stabilized version.
• the ALP module has a jacket with an inner cone 76.
• FIG. 13 shows a projectile corresponding to FIG. 12, but also with an additional inner core 78.
• This can be made of heavy metal, hard metal or hardened steel.
• the cap 77 protects the hard core against impermissible shock loads, e.g. when hitting massive or high-strength targets.
• the triggering or control unit 8 is protected here by a strong cover 75. This also serves to ensure the pressure in the pressure-generating medium 6 for dismantling the jacket 76.
• Bullets with hard cores according to FIG. 13 are particularly suitable for lower impact speeds (below 800 m / s to 1,000 m s).
• the hardness of a penetrator still plays the dominant role for penetration.
• the density of a penetrator is becoming increasingly important.
• heavy metal cores are advantageously introduced.
• bullets according to the invention with embedded hard cores even at relatively low speeds (400 m / s to 600 m / s), particularly when compared to penetrators which are designed for high impact speeds, significant penetration capacities can still be expected if the core penetrates is not destroyed.
• the specific surface loading of the core is the decisive factor for the penetration capacity, that is, in a first approximation, the length of the core.
• FIG. 14 r shows, as a further, basic example, a modular projectile 79 with a hard metal or heavy metal core 80 in the tip area. This can either be arranged within an outer ballistic hood 5 or replace it (also partially). This is followed by the splitter-emitting part with a pyrotechnic unit 82 which is conical here.
• the splinters 81 are preferably ejected in the direction 84, the conical rear face 83 of the core 80 causing an additional radial component.
• FIG. 15 An example of a pronounced fragmentation projectile is shown in FIG. 15. It is a storey 85 (or a storey head) with a two-stage fragment part (formed from the pyrotechnic units 86 and 87 and the fragment assignments 88 and 89) and a downstream ALP module.
• the resultant of the accelerated Splinters are represented by arrows 90 (for 88), 91 (for 89) and 92 (for 4).
• This example can also be combined with a direction-controlled splinter acceleration 93, as shown in FIG. 16.
• the splitter occupancy 95 is divided here into four splitter segments 95 by means of the partition walls 94, so that they can also be controlled separately (the corresponding resulting splitter arrow 96 is also shown).
• FIG. 17 and 18 show examples of multipurpose floors 97 and 99 with cores and ALP or PELE module.
• a splinter head made of the components explosive 62 and splitter 61 is positioned in front of a hard or heavy metal core 98, which displaces a crater in front of the following PELE module.
• the ignition of 62 takes place again via the element 8 and the control or connecting line 10.
• This line 10 can either run in the wall 4 or lie directly in the pressure-transmitting medium 6 (cf. FIG. 18).
• FIG. 18 shows a multipurpose floor with a reverse order of the modules downstream of the splitter head compared to FIG.
• the splitter head / ALP part forms the splitter-producing components, which is followed by a hard or heavy metal core 100 in order to achieve a high penetration performance.
• the acceleration of the splinters in the axial direction will be flat (disk / ring-shaped) pyrotechnic elements 105, which e.g. with a flat inner cone 107 for splinter focusing (cf. FIGS. 1A, 12, 13 and 15) or with a flat or stronger outer cone 1 13 (cf. FIG. 7) or a lighter convex curvature (cf. FIGS. 8, 17, 18, 19 , 30-34) or a more convex shape (see FIGS. IB and 8) can be provided for radial splinter distribution.
• FIGS. 19 to 25 A number of exemplary embodiments for such applications are compiled in FIGS. 19 to 25.
• Figure 19 is used to represent the area under closer examination. Damage takes place either via an outer ring 109 (see FIG. 20) or via the projectile casing 110 (see FIG. 21). Lies the igniter 108 more within the charge 105 (left side of Figure 20), the self-insulation is usually sufficient.
• shock wave steering is generally known in the case of hollow or P charges for guiding or better distribution of the shock waves in the charges accelerating the deposits
• shock wave steering it is proposed in the context of this invention to achieve the effect of shock wave steering by means of bodies introduced into the shock wave propagation fields, an asymmetrical distribution of the shock waves and thus of the shock wave energy, for example to achieve splinter occupancy to give an uneven distribution or a special direction (splinter head shock wave steering)
• This effect is to be supported by a corresponding splinter distribution of the splinter surface 106 and / or configuration of the surface of the pyrotechnic element 105 (eg concave, convex, conical) ' .
• FIGS. 23 to 25 show further examples of splitter head shock wave steering.
• a shock wave-directing body 11 17 is introduced into the explosive 105.
• This can be made of a metallic compound or also of plastic or of substances that support the explosive effect.
• a plurality of igniters 108 are introduced, which are separated by a wall 119. A different direction can be used to specify a desired direction.
• the introduced front conical inert body 1 15 supports this effect.
• 25 finally shows an arrangement 120 in which the individual igniter / acceleration elements 121 (or the explosive ring) are arranged in appropriately shaped pockets between the inner and outer inert bodies 122 and 123 for shock wave steering.
• FIG. 26 shows a further basic structure for a projectile / warhead 124.
• it is an ALP, which is designed in the rear part in the known manner, while the front part consists of a splinter chamber 127, in which the splitter 128 are embedded in a matrix material.
• the charge 126 ignited via the release / control 8 accelerates both storey modules. While the rear part disintegrates laterally at a relatively low speed (see resulting arrows for speeds and masses 130A and 130B), the splinters 128 in the rear part of the chamber 127 are cut at a thin, i.e.
• dividing wall also accelerated more radially due to the self-insulation by the front material (resulting arrow for speed and mass 131), in the front part mainly axially (arrow for speed and mass 132).
• a more solid wall or less axial acceleration on the part of 126 a purely axial ejection of the splinters 128 from the pocket / container 127 can also be achieved.
• a splinter-filled tip 125 (lower half of the figure) with a correspondingly resulting arrow 125A is also conceivable.
• the overall energy balance can no longer be surpassed.
• the plunger that forms during the beam formation and on which the rapidly axially spreading beam is supported is pressed into the ALP module, thereby increasing its lateral efficiency.
• FIG. 27 shows a projectile in accordance with the invention with a P-charge head and core with a fragmentation charge (detonating cord) 135.
• This central charge 135 can be designed in such a way that it cannot overcome the pressure applied from the outside in the case of homogeneous targets despite ignition, so that the core can penetrate the target in a quasi-homogeneous manner.
• the pressure applied by 135 is sufficient to disassemble the core, so that it divides into several can disassemble elements and thus deliver its performance in the target with a corresponding lateral effect (cf. also FIG. 29).
• FIG. 28 shows an HL warhead 136 with a device 137 for beam focusing.
• a trumpet-shaped insert 138 was selected to achieve high jet speeds.
• the channel 137 is also designed to be correspondingly slim. It is also conceivable to manufacture the channel-forming body 137 from a splinter-forming medium.
• a radially segmented module 140 (here formed from four segments 142) can also be provided with a decomposer charge 141 in accordance with FIG. The resulting arrows 143 are shown.
• FIG. 30 shows a projectile 144 with a splinter head, ALP module with a long / slim central penetrator (high degree of slenderness) 145 for the highest possible penetration rate.
• the tip of the penetrator 145 is protected by means of a cap / hood, a cylinder or a comparable device 146 against shock or shock loads on the pyrotechnic unit and also against impact and when entering a target (see FIG. 13).
• Figure 31 shows a projectile 147 according to the invention with a splinter-forming head and an assembled, here very large core 148.
• This consists e.g. of a hard metal tip 149 and a rear core part 150 made of heavy metal.
• the connection between 149 and 150 is made by means of an intermediate layer 151. It stands for a connection of gluing, vulcanization, friction welding or soldering. Of course, any other positive or non-positive connection is also possible.
• Such composite cores also have the advantage that they can be machined in the heavy metal or steel part.
• the interface between 149 and 150 can also be conical in order to prevent the heavy metal cylinder 150 from being dynamically compressed on the rear surface of the hard core 149 when the tip 149 is decelerated.
• FIG. 32 shows a modular projectile 152 with a further core structure with a hard metal tip 149 and a sleeve-supported rear core part 154.
• the sleeve 153 can consist, for example, of another hard metal, a heavy metal, steel or another solid material.
• the inner core shaft 154 can be connected to the tip 149, form one piece with it, or can simply be inserted. It is also a conical shape of the rear core part is conceivable, for example to reduce the friction when striking deep targets.
• the central core consists of a segmented arrangement 156.
• the projectile / flight body 155 again consists of a splinter head with subsequent ALP module.
• the pressure transmission medium 6 consists of a solid material such as e.g. Magnesium, aluminum or GRP
• the segmented penetrator 156 can be introduced into it by means of a corresponding hole. If the medium 6 consists of a liquid or a material that is not mechanically stable enough to transmit the launch acceleration, the penetrator 156 could be provided with its own sleeve 153.
• the central penetrator 156 consists of two front cores 157 (preferably hard metal or heavy metal) of low slenderness (low L / D ratio), which are separated by means of a buffer 160.
• This buffer 160 can also consist of the same material as the pressure transmission medium 6.
• the rear core part is formed here from two slimmer cores 158 of higher slenderness (high L / D ratio).
• a shock-reducing layer 159 can be located between the cores 158. This layer 159 can also separate two cores 158 of different materials.
• FIG. 34 shows a projectile / warhead 161, the front splinter component of which is formed from a splinter-emitting tip and a stack of splinter discs 163 and the respective pyrotechnic elements 164.
• This is followed either by a solid shaft or an ALP module (see FIG. 35).
• This example also contains a long central penetrator 162, which is either solid or is located in a sleeve 165.
• the panes can of course also be arranged without pyrotechnic intermediate layers, but then the desired separation is not ensured.
• the splinter-emitting tip is replaced by a solid tip 167.
• This can e.g. penetrate heavier targets in order to allow the residual penetrator to pass through, so that the splinter-emitting disks 163 accelerated by the pyrotechnic elements 164 can then open radially.
• a conical tip such disks can still be given a mechanically effected lateral component by the thinning.
• FIGS. 36 to 38 show a projectile / warhead 168 with one Central penetrator 169 which extends over the entire length and is surrounded in the front part by rings or ring segments 171. These can be conical to support the lateral components (see resulting arrow 173) in the manner of disc springs. These are accelerated by the planar pyro-technical elements 172.
• the rest of the floor is designed as an ALP module, which is pressurized here by its own pyrotechnic element 170.
• the central penetrator 169 is provided with its own tip 174. This can also be stepped.
• Figure 37 shows a variant 175 of Figure 36.
• the central penetrator 177 has a hexagonal cross section. It is surrounded by six planar elements 176 (per layer / level). These are held together by the outer ring / sleeve 178.
• This sheath 178 can also be designed as a splinter-forming jacket.
• further geometric configurations are possible in accordance with the technical requirements or desired effects.
• the exit speed is usually low, for the 155 mm caliber e.g. at about 800 m / s.
• relatively low impact speeds 400 m / s to 500 m / s
• the tip shapes to be used are determined by the external ballistics. At low speeds, it can make sense to deviate from conventional tip shapes or to do without external ballistic hoods. Step tips are also conceivable, which are to be dimensioned solely from end ballistic specifications, for example for better attacking oblique / inclined target surfaces.
• FIG. 38 shown variant of a floor structure 179 according to the invention 180 hold the discs a different cone angle and a different thickness using appropriately adapted pyrotechnic elements 181.
• the hood can (unfolded for example) on the fly or in objective approach also mechanically removed, discarded , blown up or eroded during flight.
• Suitable axially accelerated active bodies are specially designed P charges and higher disks or rings (possibly with a special shape for use under water).
• Such a hybrid, polyvalent active system of the invention is suitable not only for acceleration by means of cannons, but also in a special way for deployment by means of rockets, missile defense systems, controlled / guided bombs or missiles up to cruise missiles. Due to the almost unlimited design scope in connection with almost all known mechanisms of action, such systems can be used to combat heavily armored ballistic targets, large and / or deep target structures such as lighter targets, airplanes, ships and buildings as well as strategic objects.
• sleeve 166 storey with central penetrator, solid tip, splinter discs and ALP module

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
• Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
• Superconductor Devices And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
• Vibration Dampers (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-06-03 PT PT03730148T patent/PT1516153E/pt unknown
  • 2003-06-03 ES ES03730148T patent/ES2379546T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-03 WO PCT/EP2003/005792 patent/WO2004003460A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-06-03 AT AT03730148T patent/ATE538359T1/de active
  • 2003-06-03 EP EP03730148A patent/EP1516153B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-06-03 AU AU2003240740A patent/AU2003240740A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-06-25 US US10/603,370 patent/US20040069176A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2005
  • 2005-01-18 NO NO20050278A patent/NO332833B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-08-05 US US11/198,144 patent/US20070006766A1/en not_active Abandoned

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