EP1509727A1 - Bride pour l'observation d'une flamme - Google Patents

Bride pour l'observation d'une flamme

Info

Publication number
EP1509727A1
EP1509727A1 EP03735711A EP03735711A EP1509727A1 EP 1509727 A1 EP1509727 A1 EP 1509727A1 EP 03735711 A EP03735711 A EP 03735711A EP 03735711 A EP03735711 A EP 03735711A EP 1509727 A1 EP1509727 A1 EP 1509727A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
flame
observation
intermediate space
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03735711A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1509727B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Class
Marcus Gall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1509727A1 publication Critical patent/EP1509727A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1509727B1 publication Critical patent/EP1509727B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
    • F23M11/042—Viewing ports of windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flange for optical flame observation in a gas turbine.
  • the flange in this case comprises at least one bore for optical observation, in which bore at least one disk is arranged, around the space on the lamb side, which is in essentially direct connection with a combustion chamber in which the at least one flame to be observed is arranged, from the outside , from which the observation of the at least one flame can take place.
  • the flames in the combustion chamber of a gas turbine must be observed and monitored. This happens, among other things, in the case of annular combustion chambers, in which, as it were, a single, rotating one, of a plurality of on the circumference Flame supplied to arranged burners is present, for example, by leading at least one observation tube through the housing of the gas turbine to the outside of the gas turbine.
  • the tube leads through cavities arranged in the housing, which are used, for example, to supply cooling air, additional combustion air or to accommodate fuel supply lines, etc.
  • the tube is usually open to the combustion chamber, i.e.
  • Observation means in the form of flame monitors with optical detectors are usually arranged on the outside of the gas turbine, which allow automated and continuous observation and control of the flame activity. These observation means are arranged outside the gas turbine, that is essentially at room temperature and normal pressure, on the one hand, in order not to stress these observation means excessively thermally and mechanically, and in order to be able to exchange and maintain them more easily on the other hand.
  • at least one suitable, i.e. the optical path of the flame observation is not impaired provided disc which is used either at the end of the observation tube or in a flange placed on the observation tube.
  • the at least one disc is installed in the flange, i.e. z. B. welded into the flange.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a flange with at least one recessed disc, which, for. B. the Flames can be observed in the combustion chamber of a gas turbine. It is a flange for optical flame observation, comprising at least one bore for optical observation, in which bore at least one disk is arranged, around the flame-side space, which is in essentially direct connection with a combustion chamber in which the at least one to be observed Flame is arranged to separate from the outside space from which the observation of the at least one flame can take place.
  • the flange proposed according to the invention is characterized in that two disks are arranged one behind the other in relation to the optical axis, preferably parallel and perpendicular to the optical axis, which delimit a sealed space in the bore, and in that means for dehumidifying the sealed space are.
  • the arrangement of two panes one behind the other has the advantage that a redundant system is created. In other words, the presence of two panes in a row results in increased security, since each pane is advantageously capable of withstanding the entire temperature and pressure difference between the outside environment and the inside of the observation tube.
  • a defect in one of the two disks does not immediately lead to a failure of the gas turbine (which is unavoidable with an open connection between the combustion chamber and the outside environment), since the second disk can immediately take over the full function of the first one.
  • the arrangement of two panes one behind the other is problematic in that moist air, which can be trapped in the space between the two panes, tends to be above a certain level of moisture on the cold pane, i.e. on the pane facing the observation means condense. Fogging of this pane makes it impossible or at least more difficult to observe the flame with the observation means, since this significantly impedes the optical path and thus falsifies the measurement.
  • This problem is solved according to the invention by providing means for dehumidifying the space between the two panes.
  • the means are designed in the form of at least one drying cartridge.
  • the drying cartridge can then be arranged accordingly in the flange in an area which is connected to the space between the two panes, so that dehumidification of this space is ensured. It is also possible to arrange the drying cartridge directly in the intermediate space, provided that this does not interfere with the optical path for observation.
  • Products are particularly suitable as drying cartridges, which can be re-used for dehumidification after simply absorbing moisture by simply heating them. This usually involves, for example, hygroscopic substances stored in a porous aluminum container, which have the property of releasing the absorbed water when an elevated temperature is applied. After the absorption of moisture, such drying cartridges can simply be dried again in an oven by heating, and then used again to dehumidify the intermediate space.
  • the dehumidifiers are arranged in the flange such that they can be inserted, exchanged or removed from the outside of the flange facing away from the intermediate space.
  • This arrangement z. B. a dry cartridge in the flange allows replacement of these dehumidifiers without having to remove one of the two discs in series from the flange.
  • the maintenance of the flange is particularly easy and efficient.
  • the preferred procedure is to provide at least one cavity for the dehumidifying means, which is arranged laterally to the intermediate space with respect to the optical axis and which is connected to the intermediate space, this connection in particular via at least one opening between the hollow space and the space is guaranteed.
  • This arrangement allows easy access from the flange side (essentially from the radial side with respect to the optical axis) without the optical path being disturbed by the presence of the dehumidifiers. Accessibility to the dehumidifying means is furthermore preferably ensured in that the flange has at least one hole arranged essentially perpendicular to the optical axis, which is connected to the intermediate space via at least one opening, which hole provides a cavity for receiving the means , and which can be sealed to the outside of the flange via closure means, in particular in the form of a sealing screw.
  • the hole can have any cross-section, but advantageously it is cylindrical (the diameter is preferably reduced shortly before the gap so that the cartridge is held in the large diameter area without falling into the gap), and in its area facing away from the space provided with an internal thread, so that, for. B. a sealing screw (optionally provided with sealing rings) allows easy sealing of this hole after inserting the drying agent.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the observation-side disc can be inserted, exchanged or removed from the observation-side end of the flange and / or that the flame-side disc can be inserted, exchanged or removed from the flame-side end of the flange ,
  • This simple interchangeability of the panes from the respective side also ensures simple and inexpensive maintenance of the observation flange. In this way, the panes can easily be replaced or cleaned if they break or become dirty.
  • the mechanical design of the interchangeability is designed identically from the two sides, so that both the two disks and their fastening means in the flange are identical and therefore there are as few different parts as possible.
  • Grub screws with a central bore are advantageously used as the fastening means of the disks, that is to say at least one of the washers is held in an internal thread arranged in the flange by at least one grub screw with an external thread and with an axial hole from the side facing away from the intermediate space. It also proves to be advantageous to provide second means, one Fixation of the grub screw in relation to its rotation in the internal thread allowed. This is to prevent the vibrations that occur in gas turbines from preventing me from loosening the grub screws during operation, and thus reducing the tightness of the space as a result of loosening the pressure on the disks.
  • the tightness on the side of the panes facing the intermediate space is usually ensured by sealing rings (O-rings). Sealing rings can also be arranged on the side facing the grub screw, possibly in combination with a washer.
  • a preferred embodiment of the grub screw is characterized in that it has on the side facing away from the disk at least one, substantially parallel to the optical axis and laterally offset to this, in particular in the form of a blind hole, and that the flange on the corresponding Front end has at least one, substantially parallel to it, arranged with respect to the optical axis axially outside of the internal thread, in particular in the form of a blind hole, wherein the grub screw can be fixed via a protruding clip in the two holes.
  • the mounting bracket which, for. B. can be easily realized by a U-shaped wire, is so easily and to a certain extent automatically fixed on the combustion chamber side by striking the flange on the housing and / or observation tube, or equally by attaching an observation means on the outside.
  • Another preferred embodiment is characterized in that the flame is observed via a flame monitor with an optical detector, and in particular that the flange on the housing of a gas turbine is attached via a flange plate, the observation of the at least one flame in the combustion chamber of the gas turbine via a Observation tube takes place, which projects through the housing of the gas turbine on the optical axis to the combustion chamber and thus connects the combustion chamber via the interior of the observation tube.
  • Yet another preferred embodiment of the invention has disks made of quartz glass with a thickness in the range from 0.5 to 2 cm, in particular in the range of 1 cm, the disks having a diameter in the range from 1.5 to 4 cm, in particular in the range of 3 cm.
  • the two disks are advantageously around Range of 2 to 10 cm, in particular in the range of 3 to 5 cm from each other along the optical axis, and seals are provided in the direction of the space and / or to the fastening means facing away from the space, in particular in the form of Teflon or graphite gaskets.
  • Figure 1 an axial section through a flange for flame observation.
  • FIG. 1 shows an observation flange, which is to serve as an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flange 1 has a flange plate 2, via which the observation flange can be attached to a housing 4 of a gas turbine.
  • the flange plate 2 is provided with holes through which corresponding fastening screws 3 can be guided and screwed to the housing 4.
  • the flange 1 has a body which is cylindrical in this case, the body tapering in a region between the part facing away from the housing 4 and the flange plate 2 so that the screws 3 can be inserted and fastened without problems.
  • a flame monitor 6 is arranged, which has an optical detector 7. This optical detector 7 is electronically connected directly to the control of the gas turbine and is used for the continuous monitoring of the flame in the combustion chamber.
  • the flange 1 has a bore in its central region along the optical axis 8, which is used to observe the flame.
  • this bore is cylindrical.
  • the bore can also have a rectangular or polygonal cross section.
  • the bore is filled in steps from both sides of the flange, so that the two disks 9 and 10 are pushed in from both sides until they come to a stop can.
  • a sealing ring 11 is arranged between the stop and the disks 9 and 10, which seals the gap 22 arranged between the disks when the disks 9 and 10 are pressed against the stop.
  • the bore widens further on both sides to the disks 9 and 10, an internal thread 15 being provided in the outermost region.
  • a set screw 13 or 14 with a central hole is screwed into this outer area of the bore, with which the respective disk 9 or 10 is pressed against the abovementioned stop.
  • a further seal 11 is initially arranged, and between this seal 11 and the set screw 13 or 14 preferably an additional washer 12, which, among other things, is to prevent the sealing ring 11 from being damaged when the set screw is screwed in .
  • the grub screw 13 or 14 is cylindrical in its area 19 facing the disk, while in the outer area 20 the inner cross section of the grub screw 13 or 14 is polygonal or similar, so that this nut can be inserted from the outside with a corresponding tool (e.g.
  • the grub screw 13 or 14 also has one or more blind holes 17, and the flange 1 has corresponding blind holes 16 on its end faces.
  • the blind holes 16 and 17 are provided to receive a mounting bracket 18 so that the nut can no longer be rotated relative to the flange 1 after the mounting bracket 18 has been inserted.
  • a blind hole 16 is sufficient because it through the plurality of holes 17 in the grub screws 13 and. 14 always gives a favorable distance for inserting the wire 18 without disturbing the optical axis. This fixation prevents the grub screw 13 or 14 from being loosened in the thread 15 in the case of the vibrations customary in gas turbines during operation, and accordingly the sealing of the disks 9 or 10 is no longer guaranteed in the long term.
  • the flange 1 now has an additional bore running essentially perpendicular to the axis 8, which tapers step-like shortly before the intermediate space 22 to form a connecting opening 23.
  • the cavity 21 formed in the bore is connected to the intermediate space 22.
  • a drying cartridge 24 can now be inserted into this bore, and then a sealing screw 25 can be tightened in a thread 26 provided in the bore, the screw 25 sealing the cavity 21 to the outside in a graduated manner with sealing rings ,
  • the opening 23 has a diameter of 10 mm, the space 21 corresponds to a 3 / "thread.
  • drying cartridge 24 is thus in operative connection with the intermediate space 22 and can thus dehumidify this intermediate space 22.
  • this drying cartridge 24 can also be replaced or replaced very easily, since it is easily accessible from the outside of the flange by simply screwing on the sealing screw 25 (possibly even when the gas turbine is in operation).
  • Suitable drying cartridges 24 are, for example, products of type A3 from Süd Chemie AG, Cologne, DE. Such cartridges are made of aluminum sheet, have a filling of approx. 3 g molecular sieves and can be regenerated. Moisture absorption takes place through a fleece disc through a hole in the underside. They have a diameter of 23mm and a height of 11mm.
  • the molecular sieves are synthetically produced zeolites.
  • the water absorption is approx. 18 percent by weight regardless of the relative humidity.
  • the regeneration temperature is between 250 and 300 degrees Celsius (the moisture stored in the desiccant is released again at these temperatures).
  • silica gel or blue gel would also be conceivable as a drying agent.
  • cartridges of this type have the advantage that they can be regenerated simply by heating them out, and thus do not have to be replaced as a whole. If necessary, the cartridges additionally have a moisture indicator which can be inserted into the housing and which enables the status of the cartridge to be checked or monitored. This design of the flange 1 proves to be suitable for connection to observation tubes 5.
  • observation tubes 5 have a diameter which is usually at least as large as the bore in the area of the intermediate space 22, ie, for example 3 cm.
  • Such an observation tube is in direct connection with the combustion chamber (the observation is usually about 1 meter from the flame) and serves as a channel through the casing 4 of the gas turbine.
  • the tube there are essentially the same pressure conditions as in the combustion chamber, ie usually pressures in the range of z. B. about 30 bar.
  • pressures in the outside area of 1 bar there is a pressure difference of 29 bar on the panes.
  • the flange 1 is usually at a total temperature of over 100 degrees Celsius during operation of the gas turbine.
  • the seals 11 should be made of graphite or Teflon or similar heat-resistant materials, and the disks 9 and 10 are usually made of quartz glass with a thickness of approximately 1 cm.
  • the disks are spaced about 3 cm apart and have an outside diameter of about 3 cm.
  • the diameter of the bore in the area of the intermediate space 22 is 2 cm.
  • three such observation tubes are typically distributed around the circumference of the gas turbine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une bride (1) destinée à permettre l'observation optique d'une flamme dans une turbine à gaz. Cette bride comprend au moins un alésage pour l'observation optique, dans lequel est placée au moins une vitre (9, 10) servant à séparer l'espace côté flamme, qui est en communication sensiblement directe avec une chambre de combustion dans laquelle la ou les flamme(s) à observer sont situées, de l'espace extérieur, à partir duquel peut se faire l'observation de la ou des flamme(s). Dans une telle bride (1), la ou les vitre(s) (9, 10) peuvent, grâce à une solution simple et sûre à long terme, s'embuer sans poser de problèmes, cette solution résidant dans le fait que, par rapport à l'axe optique (8), on place, l'une derrière l'autre, deux vitres (9, 10) qui délimitent un espace intermédiaire (22), rendu étanche, dans l'alésage, pour l'observation optique, et que des moyens (24) servant à déshumidifier ledit espace intermédiaire (22) rendu étanche sont placés dans celui-ci.
EP03735711A 2002-05-28 2003-05-20 Bride pour l'observation d'une flamme Expired - Lifetime EP1509727B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8882002 2002-05-28
CH8882002 2002-05-28
PCT/EP2003/050179 WO2003100322A1 (fr) 2002-05-28 2003-05-20 Bride pour l'observation d'une flamme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1509727A1 true EP1509727A1 (fr) 2005-03-02
EP1509727B1 EP1509727B1 (fr) 2007-11-21

Family

ID=29555535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03735711A Expired - Lifetime EP1509727B1 (fr) 2002-05-28 2003-05-20 Bride pour l'observation d'une flamme

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1509727B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003238079A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50308651D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003100322A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB343580A (en) * 1929-11-22 1931-02-23 Herbert George Basil Mahon Improvements in and relating to furnace observation windows
GB927646A (en) * 1960-10-13 1963-05-29 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co Improvements in or relating to inspection window arrangements
US4210120A (en) * 1978-08-15 1980-07-01 Branco Ritopecki Furnace peep sight
US6024084A (en) * 1999-02-22 2000-02-15 Engineered Glass Products, Llc Double sided heat barrier glass with clear CVD coating and method of making the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03100322A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003100322A1 (fr) 2003-12-04
DE50308651D1 (de) 2008-01-03
EP1509727B1 (fr) 2007-11-21
AU2003238079A1 (en) 2003-12-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2241365A1 (fr) Filtre à filetage conique
WO2007140641A1 (fr) Protège-membrane pour un capteur muni d'une membrane et capteur muni d'une membrane et protège-membrane
WO1998018541A1 (fr) Recipient d'une installation de sechage par un agent d'adsorption
DE3739179C1 (de) Dichtungsanordnung
DE102017105267A1 (de) Sichtfenster für RLT- Anlagen und Klimagehäuse
EP1509727B1 (fr) Bride pour l'observation d'une flamme
DE9318092U1 (de) Dichtungseinsatz für in einem Futterrohr geführte Rohrleitungen
DE102011082861B3 (de) Wäschetrockner mit temperaturaktivierter Luftstromblockiereinheit
EP3701109B1 (fr) Fenêtre d'inspection pour systèmes de cvc et chambres climatiques
EP3199207A2 (fr) Dispositif de décharge de pression, module décharge de pression et dispositif de protection contre les incendies
DE3301886C2 (de) Vorrichtung zur Messung der Temperatur in einem mit Staub beladenen Gasstrom
EP3867567B1 (fr) Fenêtre d'inspection pour des installations rlt et des chambres climatisées
US7240673B2 (en) Flange for flame observation
DE3702205A1 (de) Staubdichte befestigung von filterelementen in einem filterbehaelter fuer die entstaubung von insbesondere unter hoeherem druck stehenden heissgasen
DE2658149C2 (de) Feuerschutzvorrichtung
EP0104420A1 (fr) Dispositif pour l'aération ou la ventilation de corps ou de réservoirs fermés
EP2163796B1 (fr) Armature à clapets, notamment pour l'utilisation dans des milieux corrosifs aqueux
DE3725995C2 (de) Spülgasfilter
EP0112984A1 (fr) Galette chauffante
DE4040640C2 (fr)
CH624785A5 (en) Fire detection system, in particular for a road tunnel
DE3872654T2 (de) Ventil.
DE2804779B2 (de) Mehrscheiben-Drehfilter
EP0009628B1 (fr) Dispositif pour la surveillance de tuyaux en matière synthétique
DE1884140U (de) Entgasungsventil.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20041122

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): DE GB

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20080103

Kind code of ref document: P

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20080206

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20080822

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: ROESLER, UWE, DIPL.-PHYS.UNIV., DE

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH, CH

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD., BADEN, CH

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: ANSALDO ENERGIA SWITZERLAND AG, CH

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD., BADEN, CH

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20170523

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20170519

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20170727 AND 20170802

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: ROESLER, UWE, DIPL.-PHYS.UNIV., DE

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: ANSALDO ENERGIA SWITZERLAND AG, CH

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH, BADEN, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 50308651

Country of ref document: DE

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20180520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20181201

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180520