EP1502891A1 - Drive for escalator step or pallet - Google Patents

Drive for escalator step or pallet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1502891A1
EP1502891A1 EP04016532A EP04016532A EP1502891A1 EP 1502891 A1 EP1502891 A1 EP 1502891A1 EP 04016532 A EP04016532 A EP 04016532A EP 04016532 A EP04016532 A EP 04016532A EP 1502891 A1 EP1502891 A1 EP 1502891A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
escalator
motorized
roadway
steps
brake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04016532A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1502891B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Matheisl
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication date
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Priority to EP04016532A priority Critical patent/EP1502891B1/en
Publication of EP1502891A1 publication Critical patent/EP1502891A1/en
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Publication of EP1502891B1 publication Critical patent/EP1502891B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B23/02—Driving gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B23/00—Component parts of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B23/08—Carrying surfaces
    • B66B23/12—Steps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an escalator or a moving walk consisting of a supporting structure, a step band with motorized stages and free-running stages or Pallet conveyor with motorized pallets and free-wheeling Pallets for the transport of persons and / or Objects and one by means of a balustrade pedestal held balustrade with handrail.
  • the drive comprises an electric motor integrated in the step body, on each side an anticipatory and a trailing axis drives, with one end arranged on the axis Gear engages a fixed rack.
  • the Power supply for the electric motor by means of Busbars and sliding contacts.
  • a disadvantage of this drive device is that the two gears provided for each step when combing with the Racks cause excessive noise. The stage must be guided precisely to keep the gears clean the racks are engaged.
  • the Drive mechanism with pulleys, belts or chains, axles, Gears and racks mechanically complex, expensive and maintenance intensive. Synchronization problems arise because of the driven step rollers and the driven chain rollers.
  • the invention aims to remedy this situation.
  • the invention as characterized in claim 1 solves the task to avoid the disadvantages of the known device and to provide a drive device in a simple way and a stage or a pallet of a step band or a pallet belt drives.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are in essential to see that for the propulsion of the Stage or the pallet necessary power transmission to a Point takes place, which ensures that the level or the Pallet from the drive can not tilt. Moreover are for the motorization of the stages or pallets only few additional escalator or moving walk parts necessary.
  • the centrally arranged carriageway for locomotion The motorized stage also serves as a brake rail for the each motorized stage provided brake.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first floor E1 with a second Floor E2 connecting escalator 1 or a moving walk with one of motorized steps 3 and free-running steps 3.1 existing step band 4 or with one of pallets existing moving walk referred to.
  • a motorized stage 3 is provided.
  • a handrail 5 is on a balustrade 6 arranged at the lower end by means of a balustrade pedestal 7 is held.
  • the Balustrade base 7 is supported by a support structure 8 of Escalator 1 and the moving walk carried.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show a three-dimensional section of the Stage belt 4 with a motorized stage 3 and free-running steps 3.1.
  • Guide rails 9 are from a support 10 of the support structure 8 is supported.
  • the Guide rail 9 has a tread 9.1 for guiding Chain rollers 11.1 a step chain 11 and a tread 9.2 for guiding step rollers 12 of the steps 3, 3, 1.
  • Each stage 3.3.1 has a step frame 13, which connected by means of stepped bolt 14 with the step chain 11 is. On the step frame 13, the step rollers 12 are also arranged.
  • a communicating with the step frame 13 in connection Drive frame 15 serves as a carrier for a Drive unit 16 of the motorized stage 3, wherein the Drive unit 16 from a motor 17, a transmission 18th and consists of a brake 19.
  • the gear 18 is on arranged a step pin 15.1.
  • a friction wheel 20 is provided, which is the driving force frictionally transmits to a roadway 21, wherein a firmly on the drive frame 15 arranged counter pressure roller 22nd the level 3 leads laterally. To ensure a Consistent drive force transmission becomes the friction wheel 20 by means of a pressure spring 23 permanently to the road 21 pressed.
  • the brake 19 consists of a brake magnet 19.1, the Brake calipers 19.2 releases against a spring force. at Halt, emergency stop or unauthorized downward movements of the Step band 4 grip the brake calipers 19.2 Federbeetzagt on the roadway 21 at.
  • Fig. 4 shows the motorized stage 3 with a Power supply 24 along the inclined in the flow part of the Escalator 1 provided lane 21.
  • Example is the power supply by means of non-contact, ensured inductive energy transfer.
  • One fixed primary part 24.1 induces energy on one with the stage 3 traveling secondary part 24.2, to the Motor 17 and the brake magnet 19.1 are connected.
  • Control signals are radio technically to or from the Level 3 transferred.
  • the power supply can also be powered along a Busbar guided sliding contacts or brushes be ensured.

Abstract

The steps (3,3.1) of the escalator run on wheels (12) on support rails (9) and are connected together by chains (11). The rails have running surfaces (9.1,9.2) at different levels to accommodate escalator wheels and drive chain wheels. A motorized step may pull two or three trailer steps without motors. Each motorized step has an electric motor (17) with a horizontal axis driving a friction wheel (20) with a vertical axis, via a bevel reduction gear. The friction wheel engages the vertical side of a central guide rail (21). Clasp brakes (19) may grip the central guide rail to stop the escalator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fahrtreppe oder einen Fahrsteig bestehend aus einer Tragkonstruktion, einem Stufenband mit motorisierten Stufen und freilaufenden Stufen bzw. Palettenband mit motorisierten Paletten und freilaufenden Paletten für den Transport von Personen und/oder Gegenständen und einer mittels eines Balustradensockels gehaltenen Balustrade mit Handlauf.The invention relates to an escalator or a moving walk consisting of a supporting structure, a step band with motorized stages and free-running stages or Pallet conveyor with motorized pallets and free-wheeling Pallets for the transport of persons and / or Objects and one by means of a balustrade pedestal held balustrade with handrail.

Aus der Offenlegungsschrift JP 2001163562 ist eine Fahrtreppe bekannt geworden, bei der einzelne Stufen des Stufenbandes mit einem Antrieb versehen sind. Der Antrieb umfasst einen im Stufenkörper integrierten Elektromotor, der je Seite eine vorauseilende und eine nacheilende Achse antreibt, wobei ein einenends an der Achse angeordnetes Zahnrad in eine feststehende Zahnstange eingreift. Die Stromzuführung für den Elektromotor erfolgt mittels Stromschienen und Schleifkontakten.From the patent application JP 2001163562 is a Escalator has become known at the single stages of the Step band are provided with a drive. The drive comprises an electric motor integrated in the step body, on each side an anticipatory and a trailing axis drives, with one end arranged on the axis Gear engages a fixed rack. The Power supply for the electric motor by means of Busbars and sliding contacts.

Nachteilig bei dieser Antriebseinrichtung ist, dass die zwei je Stufe vorgesehenen Zahnräder beim Kämmen mit den Zahnstangen übermässig Geräusche verursachen. Die Stufe muss präzise geführt werden, damit die Zahnräder sauber mit den Zahnstangen im Eingriff stehen. Ausserdem ist die Antriebsmechanik mit Pulleys, Riemen oder Ketten, Achsen, Zahnrädern und Zahnstangen mechanisch aufwendig, kostspielig und wartungsintensiv. Gleichlaufprobleme entstehen wegen den angetriebenen Stufenrollen und den angetriebenen Kettenrollen. A disadvantage of this drive device is that the two gears provided for each step when combing with the Racks cause excessive noise. The stage must be guided precisely to keep the gears clean the racks are engaged. In addition, the Drive mechanism with pulleys, belts or chains, axles, Gears and racks mechanically complex, expensive and maintenance intensive. Synchronization problems arise because of the driven step rollers and the driven chain rollers.

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Die Erfindung, wie sie in Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet ist, löst die Aufgabe, die Nachteile der bekannten Einrichtung zu vermeiden und eine Antriebseinrichtung zu schaffen, die auf einfache Art und Weise eine Stufe bzw. eine Palette eines Stufenbandes bzw. eines Palettenbandes antreibt.The invention aims to remedy this situation. The invention, as characterized in claim 1 solves the task to avoid the disadvantages of the known device and to provide a drive device in a simple way and a stage or a pallet of a step band or a pallet belt drives.

Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind im wesentlichen darin zu sehen, dass die für den Vortrieb der Stufe bzw. der Palette notwendige Kraftübertragung an einem Punkt erfolgt, was gewährleistet, dass die Stufe bzw. die Palette vom Antrieb her nicht verkanten kann. Ausserdem sind für die Motorisierung der Stufen bzw. Paletten nur wenige zusätzliche Fahrtreppen- bzw. Fahrsteigteile notwendig. Die mittig angeordnete Fahrbahn zur Fortbewegung der motorisierten Stufe dient auch als Bremsschiene für die je motorisierte Stufe vorgesehene Bremse.The advantages achieved by the invention are in essential to see that for the propulsion of the Stage or the pallet necessary power transmission to a Point takes place, which ensures that the level or the Pallet from the drive can not tilt. Moreover are for the motorization of the stages or pallets only few additional escalator or moving walk parts necessary. The centrally arranged carriageway for locomotion The motorized stage also serves as a brake rail for the each motorized stage provided brake.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispiele darstellenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert.In the following the invention is based on Embodiments illustrative drawings closer explained.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1
    eine Seitenansicht einer Fahrtreppe,
  • Fig. 2
    einen dreidimensionalen Ausschnitt eines Stufenbandes mit einer motorisierten Stufe und freilaufenden Stufen,
  • Fig. 3
    den Ausschnitt der Fig. 2 mit der motorisierten Stufe ohne Stufenkörper und
  • Fig. 4
    die motorisierte Stufe mit Stromversorgung.
    • Show it:
  • Fig. 1
    a side view of an escalator,
  • Fig. 2
    a three-dimensional section of a step belt with a motorized stage and free-running steps,
  • Fig. 3
    the section of Fig. 2 with the motorized stage without step body and
  • Fig. 4
    the motorized stage with power supply.

    • Fig. 1 zeigt eine eine erste Etage E1 mit einer zweiten Etage E2 verbindende Fahrtreppe 1 oder einen Fahrsteig mit einem aus motorisierten Stufen 3 und freilaufenden Stufen 3.1 bestehenden Stufenband 4 bzw. mit einem aus Paletten bestehenden Fahrsteig bezeichnet. Je nach Fahrtreppe bzw. Fahrsteig ist alle vier bis zwölf freilaufenden Stufen 3.1 eine motorisierte Stufe 3 vorgesehen. Ein Handlauf 5 ist an einer Balustrade 6 angeordnet, die am unteren Ende mittels eines Balustradensockels 7 gehalten wird. Der Balustradensockel 7 wird von einer Tragkonstruktion 8 der Fahrtreppe 1 bzw. des Fahrsteiges getragen.Fig. 1 shows a first floor E1 with a second Floor E2 connecting escalator 1 or a moving walk with one of motorized steps 3 and free-running steps 3.1 existing step band 4 or with one of pallets existing moving walk referred to. Depending on the escalator or Moving walkway is every four to twelve free-running steps 3.1 a motorized stage 3 is provided. A handrail 5 is on a balustrade 6 arranged at the lower end by means of a balustrade pedestal 7 is held. Of the Balustrade base 7 is supported by a support structure 8 of Escalator 1 and the moving walk carried.

    Im weiteren Beschreibungsverlauf wird anstelle des Begriffs "Fahrtreppe bzw. Fahrsteig" lediglich "Fahrtreppe" verwendet, die Ausführungen gelten jedoch sinngemäss auch für einen Fahrsteig.In the further description course is used instead of the term "Escalator or moving walk" only "escalator" used, however, the statements apply mutatis mutandis for a moving walk.

    Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen einen dreidimensionalen Ausschnitt des Stufenbandes 4 mit einer motorisierten Stufe 3 und freilaufenden Stufen 3.1. Führungsschienen 9 werden von einem Träger 10 der Tragkonstruktion 8 getragen. Die Führungsschiene 9 weist eine Lauffläche 9.1 zur Führung von Kettenrollen 11.1 einer Stufenkette 11 und eine Lauffläche 9.2 zur Führung von Stufenrollen 12 der Stufen 3,3.1 auf. Jede Stufe 3,3.1 weist ein Stufengestell 13 auf, welches mittels Stufenbolzen 14 mit der Stufenkette 11 verbunden ist. Am Stufengestell 13 sind auch die Stufenrollen 12 angeordnet.Figs. 2 and 3 show a three-dimensional section of the Stage belt 4 with a motorized stage 3 and free-running steps 3.1. Guide rails 9 are from a support 10 of the support structure 8 is supported. The Guide rail 9 has a tread 9.1 for guiding Chain rollers 11.1 a step chain 11 and a tread 9.2 for guiding step rollers 12 of the steps 3, 3, 1. Each stage 3.3.1 has a step frame 13, which connected by means of stepped bolt 14 with the step chain 11 is. On the step frame 13, the step rollers 12 are also arranged.

    Ein mit dem Stufengestell 13 in Verbindung stehendes Antriebsgestell 15 dient als Träger für eine Antriebseinheit 16 der motorisierten Stufe 3, wobei die Antriebseinheit 16 aus einem Motor 17, einem Getriebe 18 und aus einer Bremse 19 besteht. Das Getriebe 18 ist an einem Stufenzapfen 15.1 angeordnet. Am Getriebeausgang ist ein Reibrad 20 vorgesehen, das die Antriebskraft reibschlüssig auf eine Fahrbahn 21 überträgt, wobei eine fest am Antriebsgestell 15 angeordnete Gegendruckrolle 22 die Stufe 3 seitlich führt. Zur Gewährleistung einer gleichbleibenden Antriebskraftübertragung wird das Reibrad 20 mittels einer Anpressfeder 23 permanent an die Fahrbahn 21 gepresst.A communicating with the step frame 13 in connection Drive frame 15 serves as a carrier for a Drive unit 16 of the motorized stage 3, wherein the Drive unit 16 from a motor 17, a transmission 18th and consists of a brake 19. The gear 18 is on arranged a step pin 15.1. At the transmission output is a friction wheel 20 is provided, which is the driving force frictionally transmits to a roadway 21, wherein a firmly on the drive frame 15 arranged counter pressure roller 22nd the level 3 leads laterally. To ensure a Consistent drive force transmission becomes the friction wheel 20 by means of a pressure spring 23 permanently to the road 21 pressed.

    Die Bremse 19 besteht aus einem Bremsmagneten 19.1, der Bremszangen 19.2 entgegen einer Federkraft lüftet. Bei Halt, Nothalt oder bei unerlaubten Abwärtsbewegungen des Stufenbandes 4 greifen die Bremszangen 19.2 federbeaufschlagt an der Fahrbahn 21 an.The brake 19 consists of a brake magnet 19.1, the Brake calipers 19.2 releases against a spring force. at Halt, emergency stop or unauthorized downward movements of the Step band 4 grip the brake calipers 19.2 Federbeaufagt on the roadway 21 at.

    Fig. 4 zeigt die motorisierte Stufe 3 mit einer Stromversorgung 24 entlang der im schrägen Vorlaufteil der Fahrtreppe 1 vorgesehenen Fahrbahn 21. Im gezeigten Beispiel wird die Stromversorgung mittels berührungsloser, induktiver Energieübertragung sichergestellt. Ein feststehender Primärteil 24.1 induziert Energie auf einen mit der Stufe 3 mitfahrenden Sekundärteil 24.2, an den der Motor 17 und der Bremsmagnet 19.1 angeschlossen sind. Steuersignale werden funktechnisch auf die oder von der Stufe 3 übertragen.Fig. 4 shows the motorized stage 3 with a Power supply 24 along the inclined in the flow part of the Escalator 1 provided lane 21. In the shown Example is the power supply by means of non-contact, ensured inductive energy transfer. One fixed primary part 24.1 induces energy on one with the stage 3 traveling secondary part 24.2, to the Motor 17 and the brake magnet 19.1 are connected. Control signals are radio technically to or from the Level 3 transferred.

    Die Stromversorgung kann auch mittels entlang einer Stromschiene geführten Schleifkontakten bzw. Bürsten sichergestellt werden.The power supply can also be powered along a Busbar guided sliding contacts or brushes be ensured.

    Claims (5)

    Fahrtreppe (1) oder Fahrsteig bestehend aus einer Tragkonstruktion (8), einem Stufenband (4) mit motorisierten Stufen (3) und freilaufenden Stufen (3.1) bzw. Palettenband mit motorisierten Paletten und freilaufenden Paletten für den Transport von Personen und/oder Gegenständen und einer mittels eines Balustradensockels (7) gehaltenen Balustrade (6) mit Handlauf (5),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die motorisierte Stufe (3) eine Antriebseinheit (16) aufweist, die ihre Antriebskraft reibschlüssig auf eine Fahrbahn (21) überträgt.    Escalator (1) or moving walk consisting of a supporting structure (8), a step belt (4) with motorized steps (3) and free - running steps (3.1) or pallet conveyor with motorized pallets and free - running pallets for the transport of persons and / or objects and a balustrade (6) with handrail (5) held by means of a balustrade pedestal (7),
    characterized in that the motorized stage (3) has a drive unit (16) which transmits its driving force frictionally on a roadway (21).         Fahrtreppe oder Fahrsteig nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebseinheit (16) der motorisierten Stufe (3) aus einem Motor (17), einem Getriebe (18) und aus einer Bremse (19) besteht, wobei am Getriebeausgang ein Reibrad (20) vorgesehen ist, das die Antriebskraft reibschlüssig auf die Fahrbahn (21) überträgt.    Escalator or moving walkway according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the drive unit (16) of the motorized stage (3) consists of a motor (17), a transmission (18) and a brake (19), wherein at the transmission output a friction wheel (20) is provided, which is the driving force friction on the roadway (21) transmits.         Fahrtreppe oder Fahrsteig nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Bremszangen (19.2) der Bremse (19) an der Fahrbahn (21) angreifen.     Escalator or moving walkway according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that brake calipers (19.2) of the brake (19) on the roadway (21) attack.         Fahrtreppe oder Fahrsteig nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine entlang der Fahrbahn (21) angeordnete Stromversorgung (24) vorgesehen ist.    Escalator or moving walkway according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that along the roadway (21) arranged power supply (24) is provided.         Fahrtreppe oder Fahrsteig nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fahrbahn (21) im Vorlaufteil der Fahrtreppe (1) vorgesehen ist.    Escalator or moving walkway according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the roadway (21) in the lead part of the escalator (1) is provided.
    EP04016532A 2003-07-31 2004-07-14 Drive for escalator step or pallet Not-in-force EP1502891B1 (en)

    Priority Applications (1)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP04016532A EP1502891B1 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-14 Drive for escalator step or pallet

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    EP03405569 2003-07-31
    EP03405569 2003-07-31
    EP04016532A EP1502891B1 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-14 Drive for escalator step or pallet

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1502891A1 true EP1502891A1 (en) 2005-02-02
    EP1502891B1 EP1502891B1 (en) 2008-08-20

    Family

    ID=34130397

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP04016532A Not-in-force EP1502891B1 (en) 2003-07-31 2004-07-14 Drive for escalator step or pallet

    Country Status (15)

    Country Link
    US (1) US7308978B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1502891B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4776897B2 (en)
    CN (1) CN1579918A (en)
    AR (1) AR045443A1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE405517T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU2004203529B2 (en)
    BR (1) BRPI0403077A (en)
    CA (1) CA2476052C (en)
    DE (1) DE502004007873D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2312887T3 (en)
    HK (1) HK1073640A1 (en)
    MX (1) MXPA04007307A (en)
    NO (1) NO20043184L (en)
    ZA (2) ZA200405181B (en)

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    CN106586777A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-04-26 曲阜师范大学 Non-traction type inclined elevator and control method thereof
    US11027946B2 (en) 2019-06-04 2021-06-08 Otis Elevator Company Belt-driven people conveyors
    US11479446B2 (en) * 2018-10-30 2022-10-25 Inventio Ag Conveying chain for a panel belt of a moving walkway of small overall height

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    ES2319084B1 (en) * 2008-10-20 2010-03-16 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Innovation TRANSVERSAL LONGITUDINAL BOARD.
    CN101723232B (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-10-26 西子奥的斯电梯有限公司 Head ladder way and escalator thereof
    AT510182A1 (en) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-15 Mertl Daniel TRANSPORT, ESPECIALLY ROLL STAIR, ROLLER, OR THE LIKE
    EP2666743A1 (en) 2012-05-25 2013-11-27 Inventio AG Brake system with a cleaning device
    DE102013108767A1 (en) 2013-08-13 2015-02-19 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Decentralized linear motor control for transport systems
    US9994428B2 (en) 2013-11-18 2018-06-12 Otis Elevator Company Brake for use in passenger conveyor system
    CN111847205B (en) * 2019-04-24 2022-06-10 吕震伟 Escalator moving upwards and escalator moving downwards

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    Cited By (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    CN106586777A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-04-26 曲阜师范大学 Non-traction type inclined elevator and control method thereof
    CN106586777B (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-10-12 曲阜师范大学 A kind of non-traction-type oblique elevator and its control method
    US11479446B2 (en) * 2018-10-30 2022-10-25 Inventio Ag Conveying chain for a panel belt of a moving walkway of small overall height
    AU2019373295B2 (en) * 2018-10-30 2023-02-09 Inventio Ag Conveying chain for a panel belt of a moving walkway of small overall height
    US11027946B2 (en) 2019-06-04 2021-06-08 Otis Elevator Company Belt-driven people conveyors

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    BRPI0403077A (en) 2005-05-31
    JP2005053698A (en) 2005-03-03
    NO20043184L (en) 2005-02-01
    ZA200405180B (en) 2005-03-11
    HK1073640A1 (en) 2005-10-14
    MXPA04007307A (en) 2005-02-03
    US20050034958A1 (en) 2005-02-17
    ES2312887T3 (en) 2009-03-01
    CA2476052A1 (en) 2005-01-31
    CN1579918A (en) 2005-02-16
    EP1502891B1 (en) 2008-08-20
    US7308978B2 (en) 2007-12-18
    DE502004007873D1 (en) 2008-10-02
    AU2004203529B2 (en) 2009-12-17
    AU2004203529A1 (en) 2005-02-17
    AR045443A1 (en) 2005-10-26
    JP4776897B2 (en) 2011-09-21
    CA2476052C (en) 2011-11-22
    ATE405517T1 (en) 2008-09-15
    ZA200405181B (en) 2005-03-11

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