EP1502074A1 - Partial fragmentation and deformation bullets having an identical point of impact - Google Patents

Partial fragmentation and deformation bullets having an identical point of impact

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Publication number
EP1502074A1
EP1502074A1 EP03727399A EP03727399A EP1502074A1 EP 1502074 A1 EP1502074 A1 EP 1502074A1 EP 03727399 A EP03727399 A EP 03727399A EP 03727399 A EP03727399 A EP 03727399A EP 1502074 A1 EP1502074 A1 EP 1502074A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
projectile
bullet
target
conical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03727399A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1502074B1 (en
Inventor
Irene Schikora
Friedrich Riess
Bernd Krause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWS GmbH
Original Assignee
RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10317404A external-priority patent/DE10317404A1/en
Application filed by RUAG Ammotec GmbH filed Critical RUAG Ammotec GmbH
Priority to SI200331727T priority Critical patent/SI1502074T1/en
Publication of EP1502074A1 publication Critical patent/EP1502074A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1502074B1 publication Critical patent/EP1502074B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to partial dismantling and deformation storeys with an identical point of impact.
  • a partial dismantling floor is known for example from DE 199 30 475 A1, a deformation floor for hand guns from DE 100 10 500 A1.
  • the object of the invention is to present partial dismantling projectiles and deformation projectiles which, in spite of different effects with the same handling of the weapon, with the same orientation towards the target, have the same point of impact at the target point.
  • the task is solved * with two projectile types as shell-less full storeys, which have a closed cavity in the top of the storey, the cavity consisting of a combination of cylindrical and conical sections which are coordinated with the mode of operation of either a deformation storey or a partial dismantling storey, and by the interaction of the structural design of the cavity and the material properties define the necessary forces that lead to the different effects of the projectiles at the target when the meeting point is identical. All other characteristics of the two bullet types are otherwise identical: the external volume, the center of gravity, the mass, the caliber and the basic alloy, a copper-zinc alloy.
  • the materials of the projectile body consist of 55% to 99% copper and 1% to 45% zinc.
  • the toughness of the Influence material The toughness decreases with increasing zinc content. In the case of deformation bullets, the proportion of copper in the alloy is therefore higher than in the case of partial dismantling bullets.
  • the alloy of the partial decomposition bullet and the alloy of the deformation bullet must be matched to one another.
  • the shape of the cavity contributes significantly to the disassembly behavior of the respective projectile body: the combination of conical and cylindrical sections, which also includes the shaft bore, and the choice of the opening angle of the conical sections.
  • a conical section can also be provided in front of the shaft bore, the cone angle of which is different from that of the previous conical part.
  • the storey constructions according to the invention have the same point of impact and, in spite of different effects at the target point, enable the weapon to be handled the same way. H. the same targeting of the target point.
  • FIG. 1 shows a deformation floor according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the behavior of the deformation storey after a soft target has been fired at
  • Figure 3 is a partial dismantling floor according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows the behavior of the partial decomposition storey after a soft target has been fired at.
  • the two types of projectile resemble the projectile known from DE 199 30 475 A1.
  • the matching features of the two projectile types, the deformation storey 1 according to FIG. 1 and the partial dismantling storey 2 according to FIG. 3, are described, wherein they are designated by the same reference numbers.
  • Both types of bullets 1 and 2 have a cavity 4 in the bullet tip 3, which is closed by a cap 5 made of plastic or a lead-free material.
  • the cap 5 has a double cone shape with a rounded tip 6, which protrudes from the storey 1, 2 and on the opposite side a shaft 7 which extends into a bore 8 in the storey 1, 2, which adjoins the cavity 4.
  • this has a length of approximately 5 mm for the deformation storey 1 and a length of approximately 6.4 mm for the partial dismantling storey.
  • the bore 8 has approximately twice the length of the shaft 7 extending into the bore, which here is approximately 8.5 mm long and has a diameter of approximately 2 mm.
  • the shaft-side cone 9 of the cap 5 and thus the opening 10 of the cavity 4 have an angle of approximately 40 degrees in the present exemplary embodiment. Depending on the caliber, this angle can vary between about 30 and 50 degrees.
  • the contact surface 11 on the floor edge, the opening 10, has a length of approximately 1 mm, which can vary by a few tenths of a millimeter depending on the caliber.
  • a cylindrical section 12 of the cavity 4 adjoins the conical opening 10, which is approximately 2 mm long and can also vary by a few tenths of a millimeter depending on the caliber. Its diameter here is about 4.75 mm and can also vary by a few tenths of a millimeter depending on the caliber.
  • the cone angle is 70 degrees.
  • a coulter edge 14 roughly marks the transition from the conical part 15 of the projectile 1, 2 to the cylindrical part 16.
  • the projectile 1, 2 has relief grooves 17 on the cylindrical part 16 and in the rear 18 it can have a rear cone 19.
  • the external volume is the same for both the deformation floor 1 and the partial dismantling floor 2.
  • the partial dismantling floor 2 according to FIG. 3 differs in the design of the cavity 4 by a further conical section 20 in front of the shaft bore 8 and a circumferential notch 21 as a predetermined breaking point at the beginning of this conical section 20.
  • the cone angle is 30 degrees and can vary depending on the caliber vary from about 20 to 40 degrees.
  • the length of this conical section 20 of the cavity 4 is approximately 2 mm to 3 mm, depending on the caliber, preferably approximately 2.5 mm.
  • the material composition for the deformation storey 1 is 70% Cu and 30% Zn and for the partial dismantling floor 2 62% Cu and 38% Zn.
  • the material composition of the partial dismantling floor 2 can be matched to this.
  • the effect of the projectiles 1 and 2 can be described as follows: When a projectile hits the target, the cap 5 dips into the cavity 4 via its rear conical surface 9 and thus initiates the deformation. As a result, the edge 22 of the opening 10 of the cavity 4 is exposed and forms a cutting ring. This cutting ring has a punching effect when it hits a tissue and penetrates the tissue. Due to the hydrodynamic pressure, the inflowing tissue carries out the deformation to its final shape.
  • FIG. 2 In which a deformation projectile 1 is shown after it strikes a soft body. The top of the bullet is compressed, but has not disassembled.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial decomposition floor shown after hitting a soft body. When mushrooming, the conical area of the projectile split into individual fragments.
  • the deformation is therefore dependent on the flow velocity of the fabric, corresponding to the bullet velocity, and the forces acting on the material.
  • the effect of the forces is influenced by the different design of the cavities in the storeys and the respective material properties.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

Especially in hunting, the choice of bullets has to be such that it is in keeping with the wild animals to be hunted. According to the desired effect on the target, deformation bullets or partial fragmentation bullets are used. Since both types of bullets are different, the position of the point of impact from the same weapon is different. According to the type of bullet used, the weapon must be oriented differently in relation to the target. This can be obstructive and if insufficient attention is paid, can result in misses. According to the invention, a shell-less cored steel bullet is used as a deformation bullet (1) or partial fragmentation bullet (2), having an identical caliber and a closed cavity (4) in the tip (3) of said bullet. In order to achieve the same point of impact of said bullets (1,2) on the target, while maintaining the effect of the respectively selected bullet during the same handling of the weapon, during the same setting of the target in an identical position, the external volume, centre of gravity, mass and base copper-tin alloy are identical and the cavity (E) in the tip (3) of the bullet, consisting of a combination of cylindrical and conical sections (10, 12, 13; 20), in addition to the composition of the bullet material, are adapted to the effect of said bullet.

Description

Teilzerlegungs- und Deformationsgeschosse mit identischer Treffpunktlage Partial dismantling and deformation floors with identical meeting point location
Die Erfindung betrifft Teilzerlegungs- und Deformationsgeschosse mit identischer Treffpunktlage.The invention relates to partial dismantling and deformation storeys with an identical point of impact.
Insbesondere bei der Jagd muss die Auswahl der Geschosse auf das zu jagende Wild abgestimmt werden. Je nach der gewünschten Wirkung im Ziel werden Deformationsgeschosse oder Teilzerlegungsgeschosse eingesetzt. Da es sich dabei um unterschiedliche Geschosstypen handelt, ist die Treffpunktlage beim Abschuss aus derselben Waffe unterschiedlich. Je nach verwendetem Geschosstyp muss die Waffe anders auf das Ziel ausgerichtet werden, was hinderlich sein kann, aber bei Nichtbeachtung zu Fehlschüssen führt. Ein Teilzerlegungsgeschoss ist beispielsweise aus der DE 199 30 475 A1 , ein Deformationsgeschoss für Faustfeuerwaffen aus der DE 100 10 500 A1 bekannt.Especially when hunting, the choice of projectiles must be matched to the game to be hunted. Depending on the desired effect in the target, deformation floors or partial dismantling floors are used. Since these are different types of projectiles, the point of impact when shooting from the same weapon is different. Depending on the type of projectile used, the weapon must be aimed differently at the target, which can be a hindrance but, if ignored, leads to misses. A partial dismantling floor is known for example from DE 199 30 475 A1, a deformation floor for hand guns from DE 100 10 500 A1.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, Teilzerlegungsgeschosse und Deformationsgeschosse vorzustellen, die trotz unterschiedlicher Wirkung bei derselben Handhabung der Waffe, bei derselben Ausrichtung auf das Ziel, dieselbe Treffpunktlage im Zielpunkt haben.The object of the invention is to present partial dismantling projectiles and deformation projectiles which, in spite of different effects with the same handling of the weapon, with the same orientation towards the target, have the same point of impact at the target point.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt* mit zwei Geschosstypen als mantellose Vollgeschosse, die einen verschlossenen Hohlraum in der Geschossspitze aufweisen, wobei der Hohlraum aus einer Kombination von zylindrischen und konischen Abschnitten besteht, die auf die Wirkungsweise entweder eines Deformationsgeschosses oder eines Teilzerlegungsgeschosses abgestimmt sind und wobei durch das Zusammenwirken von konstruktiver Gestaltung des Hohlraums und den Werkstoffeigenschaften die erforderlichen Kräfte definiert werden, die bei identischer Treffpunktlage zu den unterschiedlichen Wirkungsweisen der Geschosse im Ziel führen. Alle anderen Merkmale der beiden Geschosstypen sind ansonsten identisch: das Außenvolumen, die Schwerpunktlage, die Masse, das Kaliber und die Grundlegierung, eine Kupfer- Zink-Legierung.The task is solved * with two projectile types as shell-less full storeys, which have a closed cavity in the top of the storey, the cavity consisting of a combination of cylindrical and conical sections which are coordinated with the mode of operation of either a deformation storey or a partial dismantling storey, and by the interaction of the structural design of the cavity and the material properties define the necessary forces that lead to the different effects of the projectiles at the target when the meeting point is identical. All other characteristics of the two bullet types are otherwise identical: the external volume, the center of gravity, the mass, the caliber and the basic alloy, a copper-zinc alloy.
Die Werkstoffe der Geschosskörper setzen sich zusammen aus 55% bis 99% Kupfer und 1 % bis 45% Zink. Über den Zink-Anteil lässt sich die Zähigkeit des Werkstoffs beeinflussen. Die Zähigkeit nimmt mit steigendem Zink-Anteil ab. Bei Deformationsgeschossen ist deshalb der Anteil an Kupfer in der Legierung höher als bei Teilzerlegungsgeschossen.The materials of the projectile body consist of 55% to 99% copper and 1% to 45% zinc. The toughness of the Influence material. The toughness decreases with increasing zinc content. In the case of deformation bullets, the proportion of copper in the alloy is therefore higher than in the case of partial dismantling bullets.
Bei den Teilzerlegungsgeschossen kann zusätzlich noch ein Anteil von bis zu 4% die Spanbildung und damit die Zerlegung positiv beeinflussender Elemente zu Lasten der Grundzusammensetzung hinzugefügt werden, vorzugsweise Blei oder Tellur und Phosphor.In the partial dismantling storeys, a proportion of up to 4% of the chip formation and thus the dismantling of elements which have a positive influence can be added at the expense of the basic composition, preferably lead or tellurium and phosphorus.
Wenn sich bei beiden Geschosstypen bei den ansonsten als identisch vorgesehenen Merkmalen dieselben Massen ergeben sollen, müssen die Legierung des Teilzerlegungsgeschosses und die Legierung des Deformationsgeschosses aufeinander abgestimmt werden.If the same masses are to be obtained for both types of bullets for the features that are otherwise provided to be identical, the alloy of the partial decomposition bullet and the alloy of the deformation bullet must be matched to one another.
Weiterhin trägt die Formgebung des Hohlraums wesentlich zum Zerlegeverhalten des jeweiligen Geschosskörpers bei: die Kombination von konischen und zylindrischen Abschnitten, wozu auch die Schaftbohrung zählt, und die Wahl der Offnungswinkel der konischen Abschnitte. Beim Teilzerlegungsgeschoss kann vor der Schaftbohrung zusätzlich ein konischer Abschnitt vorgesehen sein, dessen Konuswinkel von dem des vorhergehenden konischen Teils verschieden ist.Furthermore, the shape of the cavity contributes significantly to the disassembly behavior of the respective projectile body: the combination of conical and cylindrical sections, which also includes the shaft bore, and the choice of the opening angle of the conical sections. In the partial dismantling storey, a conical section can also be provided in front of the shaft bore, the cone angle of which is different from that of the previous conical part.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Geschosskonstruktionen haben dieselbe Treffpunktlage und ermöglichen trotz unterschiedlicher Wirkung im Zielpunkt dieselbe Handhabung der Waffe, d. h. das selbe Anvisieren des Zielpunkts.The storey constructions according to the invention have the same point of impact and, in spite of different effects at the target point, enable the weapon to be handled the same way. H. the same targeting of the target point.
Anhand zweier bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele für die Kaliber .30 wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail using two preferred exemplary embodiments for the .30 caliber. Show it:
Figur 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Deformationsgeschoss,FIG. 1 shows a deformation floor according to the invention,
Figur 2 das Verhalten des Deformationsgeschosses nach dem Beschuss eines Weichziels,FIG. 2 shows the behavior of the deformation storey after a soft target has been fired at,
Figur 3 ein erfindungsgemäßes Teilzerlegungsgeschoss undFigure 3 is a partial dismantling floor according to the invention and
Figur 4 das Verhalten des Teilzerlegungsgeschosses nach dem Beschuss eines Weichziels. Die beiden Geschosstypen ähneln auf den ersten Blick dem aus der DE 199 30 475 A1 bekannten Geschoss. Zunächst werden die übereinstimmenden Merkmale der beiden Geschosstypen, des Deformationsgeschosses 1 nach Figur 1 und des Teilzerlegungsgeschosses 2 nach Figur 3, beschrieben, wobei sie mit denselben Bezugsziffern bezeichnet werden. Beide Geschosstypen 1 und 2 weisen in der Geschossspitze 3 einen Hohlraum 4 auf, der durch eine Kappe 5 aus Kunststoff oder aus einem bleifreien Werkstoff verschlossen ist. Die Kappe 5 hat eine doppelte Konusform mit einer abgerundeten Spitze 6, die aus dem Geschoss 1 , 2 ragt und an der Gegenseite einen Schaft 7, der in eine Bohrung 8 im Geschoss 1 , 2 reicht, die sich an den Hohlraum 4 anschließt. Dieser hat bei den vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispielen bei dem Deformationsgeschoss 1 eine Länge von etwa 5 mm und bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss eine Länge von etwa 6,4 mm. Die Bohrung 8 hat etwa die doppelte Länge des in die Bohrung reichenden Schaftes 7, der hier etwa 8,5 mm lang ist, und einen Durchmesser von etwa 2 mm hat. Der schaftseitige Konus 9 der Kappe 5 und damit die Öffnung 10 des Hohlraums 4 haben im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel einen Winkel von etwa 40 Grad. Je nach Kaliber kann dieser Winkel zwischen etwa 30 und 50 Grad variieren. Die Auflagefläche 11 auf dem Geschossrand, der Öffnung 10, hat eine Länge von etwa 1 mm, die je nach Kaliber um einige zehntel Millimeter variieren kann. An der konischen Öffnung 10 schließt sich ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 12 des Hohlraums 4 an, der etwa 2 mm lang ist und je nach Kaliber ebenfalls um einige zehntel Millimeter variieren kann. Sein Durchmesser beträgt hier etwa 4,75 mm und kann ebenfalls je nach Kaliber um einige zehntel Millimeter variieren. Daran schließt sich ein konischer Abschnitt 13 des Hohlraums 4 an, der etwa 2 mm lang ist. Seine Länge kann ebenfalls um einige zehntel Millimeter variieren. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt der Konuswinkel 70 Grad. Auch er kann je nach Kaliber von etwa 60 bis 80 Grad variieren. Ein Scharfrand 14 markiert in etwa den Übergang des konischen Teils 15 des Geschosses 1 , 2 zum zylindrischen Teil 16. Das Geschoss 1 , 2 hat auf dem zylindrischen Teil 16 Entlastungsrillen 17 und im Heck 18 kann es einen Heckkonus 19 aufweisen.FIG. 4 shows the behavior of the partial decomposition storey after a soft target has been fired at. At first glance, the two types of projectile resemble the projectile known from DE 199 30 475 A1. First of all, the matching features of the two projectile types, the deformation storey 1 according to FIG. 1 and the partial dismantling storey 2 according to FIG. 3, are described, wherein they are designated by the same reference numbers. Both types of bullets 1 and 2 have a cavity 4 in the bullet tip 3, which is closed by a cap 5 made of plastic or a lead-free material. The cap 5 has a double cone shape with a rounded tip 6, which protrudes from the storey 1, 2 and on the opposite side a shaft 7 which extends into a bore 8 in the storey 1, 2, which adjoins the cavity 4. In the present exemplary embodiments, this has a length of approximately 5 mm for the deformation storey 1 and a length of approximately 6.4 mm for the partial dismantling storey. The bore 8 has approximately twice the length of the shaft 7 extending into the bore, which here is approximately 8.5 mm long and has a diameter of approximately 2 mm. The shaft-side cone 9 of the cap 5 and thus the opening 10 of the cavity 4 have an angle of approximately 40 degrees in the present exemplary embodiment. Depending on the caliber, this angle can vary between about 30 and 50 degrees. The contact surface 11 on the floor edge, the opening 10, has a length of approximately 1 mm, which can vary by a few tenths of a millimeter depending on the caliber. A cylindrical section 12 of the cavity 4 adjoins the conical opening 10, which is approximately 2 mm long and can also vary by a few tenths of a millimeter depending on the caliber. Its diameter here is about 4.75 mm and can also vary by a few tenths of a millimeter depending on the caliber. This is followed by a conical section 13 of the cavity 4, which is approximately 2 mm long. Its length can also vary by a few tenths of a millimeter. In the present exemplary embodiment, the cone angle is 70 degrees. It too can vary from around 60 to 80 degrees, depending on the caliber. A coulter edge 14 roughly marks the transition from the conical part 15 of the projectile 1, 2 to the cylindrical part 16. The projectile 1, 2 has relief grooves 17 on the cylindrical part 16 and in the rear 18 it can have a rear cone 19.
Das Außenvolumen ist sowohl bei dem Deformationsgeschoss 1 als auch bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss 2 gleich. Das Teilzerlegungsgeschoss 2 nach Figur 3 unterscheidet sich in der Ausgestaltung des Hohlraums 4 durch einen weiteren konischen Abschnitt 20 vor der Schaftbohrung 8 und einer umlaufenden Kerbe 21 als Sollbruchstelle in Höhe des Beginns dieses konischen Abschnitts 20. Der Konuswinkel beträgt 30 Grad und kann je nach Kaliber von etwa 20 bis 40 Grad variieren. Die Länge dieses konischen Abschnitts 20 des Hohlraums 4 beträgt etwa 2 mm bis 3 mm, je nach Kaliber, bevorzugt etwa 2,5 mm.The external volume is the same for both the deformation floor 1 and the partial dismantling floor 2. The partial dismantling floor 2 according to FIG. 3 differs in the design of the cavity 4 by a further conical section 20 in front of the shaft bore 8 and a circumferential notch 21 as a predetermined breaking point at the beginning of this conical section 20. The cone angle is 30 degrees and can vary depending on the caliber vary from about 20 to 40 degrees. The length of this conical section 20 of the cavity 4 is approximately 2 mm to 3 mm, depending on the caliber, preferably approximately 2.5 mm.
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Werkstoffzusammensetzung bei dem Deformationsgeschoss 1 70% Cu und 30% Zn und bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss 2 62% Cu und 38% Zn. Um bei beiden Geschosstypen auf dieselbe Masse zu kommen, kann die Werkstoffzusammensetzung des Teilzerlegungsgeschosses 2 darauf abgestimmt werden.In the present exemplary embodiment, the material composition for the deformation storey 1 is 70% Cu and 30% Zn and for the partial dismantling floor 2 62% Cu and 38% Zn. In order to achieve the same mass for both projectile types, the material composition of the partial dismantling floor 2 can be matched to this.
Das Wirkungsphnzip der Geschosse 1 und 2 lässt sich wie folgt beschreiben: Beim Auftreffen eines Geschosses auf das Ziel taucht die Kappe 5 über ihre hintere Konusfläche 9 in den Hohlraum 4 ein und leitet damit die Deformation ein. Dadurch wird die Kante 22 der Öffnung 10 des Hohlraums 4 freigelegt und bildet einen Schneidring. Dieser Schneidring übt beim Auftreffen auf ein Gewebe eine Stanzwirkung aus und dringt in das Gewebe ein. Das anströmende Gewebe führt aufgrund des hydrodynamischen Drucks die Deformation bis zur endgültigen Form aus.The effect of the projectiles 1 and 2 can be described as follows: When a projectile hits the target, the cap 5 dips into the cavity 4 via its rear conical surface 9 and thus initiates the deformation. As a result, the edge 22 of the opening 10 of the cavity 4 is exposed and forms a cutting ring. This cutting ring has a punching effect when it hits a tissue and penetrates the tissue. Due to the hydrodynamic pressure, the inflowing tissue carries out the deformation to its final shape.
Das Ende der Deformation ist erreicht, wenn die Gefügekräfte des Geschosswerkstoffs größer als die hydrodynamischen Kräfte des anströmenden Gewebes sind. Eine solche Wirkung auf das Geschoss ist aus Figur 2 ersichtlich, in der ein Deformationsgeschoss 1 nach dem Auftreffen auf einen Weichkörper dargestellt ist. Die Spitze des Geschosses ist zusammengedrückt, hat sich aber nicht zerlegt.The end of the deformation is reached when the structural forces of the projectile material are greater than the hydrodynamic forces of the incoming tissue. Such an effect on the projectile can be seen in FIG. 2, in which a deformation projectile 1 is shown after it strikes a soft body. The top of the bullet is compressed, but has not disassembled.
Durch Anpassen der Geometrie und der Werkstoffeigenschaften kann die innereBy adjusting the geometry and material properties, the inner
Kraft des Geschosses so weit herabgesetzt werden, dass der hydrodynamischeForce of the projectile be reduced so far that the hydrodynamic
Druck den Geschosswerkstoff zerreißt und sich dadurch die Wirkung eines Teilzerlegungsgeschosses 2 ergibt. In Figur 4 ist ein Teilzerlegungsgeschoss nach dem Auftreffen auf einen Weichkörper dargestellt. Beim Aufpilzen zerlegte sich der konische Bereich des Geschosses in einzelne Splitter.Pressure tears the projectile material and this results in the effect of a partial dismantling storey 2. In Figure 4 is a partial decomposition floor shown after hitting a soft body. When mushrooming, the conical area of the projectile split into individual fragments.
Die Deformation ist also abhängig von der Anströmgeschwindigkeit des Gewebes, entsprechend der Geschossgeschwindigkeit, und den dadurch auf den Werkstoff einwirkenden Kräften. Die Wirkung der Kräfte wird beeinflusst durch die beschriebenen unterschiedliche Ausgestaltung der Hohlräume in den Geschossen und den jeweiligen Werkstoffeigenschaften. The deformation is therefore dependent on the flow velocity of the fabric, corresponding to the bullet velocity, and the forces acting on the material. The effect of the forces is influenced by the different design of the cavities in the storeys and the respective material properties.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von mantellosen Vollgeschossen als Deformationsgeschosse oder Teilzerlegungsgeschosse mit identischem Kaliber und einem verschlossenen Hohlraum in der Geschossspitze, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Erreichung der selben Treffpunktlage der1. Process for the production of shell-less full floors as deformation floors or partial dismantling floors with an identical caliber and a closed cavity in the top of the floor, characterized in that to achieve the same point of impact the
Geschosse im Zielpunkt mit der Wirkung des jeweils gewählten Geschosses bei der selben Handhabung der Waffe, bei der selben Einstellung auf ein Ziel in identischer Position, das Außenvolumen, die Schwerpunktlage, die Masse und die Grundlegierung, eine Kupfer-Zink-Legierung, identisch gewählt werden und dass der Hohlraum in der Geschossspitze, bestehend aus einerBullets at the target point with the effect of the selected bullet with the same handling of the weapon, with the same setting for a target in an identical position, the outer volume, the center of gravity, the mass and the basic alloy, a copper-zinc alloy, are chosen identically and that the cavity in the top of the projectile, consisting of a
Kombination von zylindrischen und konischen Abschnitten, sowie die Zusammensetzung des Geschosswerkstoffs auf die Wirkung des Geschosses abgestimmt werden.Combination of cylindrical and conical sections, as well as the composition of the projectile material can be matched to the effect of the projectile.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss dem Hohlraum vor der Schaftbohrung ein konischer2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the partial decomposition projectile the cavity in front of the shaft bore a conical
Abschnitt hinzugefügt wird, dessen Konuswinkel von dem des vorhergehenden konischen Teils verschieden gewählt wird.Section is added, the cone angle of which is chosen to be different from that of the previous conical part.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dann, wenn sich bei beiden Geschosstypen bei den ansonsten als identisch vorgesehenen Merkmalen dieselben Massen ergeben sollen, die Legierung des Teilzerlegungsgeschosses und die Legierung des Deformationsgeschosses aufeinander abgestimmt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that if the same masses are to result in both projectile types with the features otherwise provided as identical, the alloy of the partial decomposition projectile and the alloy of the deformation projectile are coordinated with one another.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf dem konischen Teil des Geschosses eine umlaufende Kerbe als Sollbruchstelle angebracht wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a circumferential notch is attached as a predetermined breaking point on the conical part of the floor.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss zusätzlich zur Grundlegierung noch ein Anteil von bis zu 4% die Spanbildung und damit die Zerlegung positiv beeinflussender Elemente zu Lasten der Grundzusammensetzung hinzugefügt wird, vorzugsweise Blei oder Tellur und Phosphor. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in addition to the basic alloy, a fraction of up to 4% of the chip formation and thus the decomposition of elements which have a positive influence is added to the base composition, preferably lead or tellurium, and in addition to the basic alloy Phosphorus.
6. Mantelioses Vollgeschoss als Deformationsgeschoss (1) oder Teilzerlegungsgeschoss (2) mit identischem Kaliber und einem verschlossenen Hohlraum (4) in der Geschossspitze (3), hergestellt nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Erreichung der selben Treffpunktläge der Geschosse (1 , 2) im Zielpunkt mit der Wirkung des jeweils gewählten Geschosses bei derselben Handhabung der Waffe, bei derselben Einstellung auf ein Ziel in identischer Position, das Außenvolumen, die Schwerpunktlage, die Masse und die Grundlegierung, eine Kupfer-Zink-Legierung, identisch sind und dass der Hohlraum (4) in der Geschossspitze (3), bestehend aus einer Kombination von zylindrischen und konischen Abschnitten (10, 12, 13; 20), sowie die Zusammensetzung des Geschosswerkstoffs auf die Wirkung des Geschosses im Ziel abgestimmt sind.6. Mantle full floor as a deformation floor (1) or partial dismantling floor (2) with an identical caliber and a closed cavity (4) in the top of the floor (3), manufactured according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that to achieve the same meeting point location Bullets (1, 2) at the target point with the effect of the selected bullet with the same handling of the weapon, with the same setting for a target in an identical position, the outer volume, the center of gravity, the mass and the basic alloy, a copper-zinc alloy, are identical and that the cavity (4) in the projectile tip (3), consisting of a combination of cylindrical and conical sections (10, 12, 13; 20), and the composition of the projectile material are matched to the effect of the projectile in the target.
7. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlraum (4) sich zusammensetzt aus einer konischen Öffnung (10), die durch eine Kappe (5) mit doppelter Konusform verschlossen ist, einem zylindrischen Abschnitt (12) sowie mindestens einem weiteren konischen Abschnitt (13) und der daran anschließenden Bohrung (8) zur Aufnahme des Schafts (7).7. Sleeveless full floor according to claim 6, characterized in that the cavity (4) is composed of a conical opening (10) which is closed by a cap (5) with a double cone shape, a cylindrical section (12) and at least one further conical section (13) and the adjoining bore (8) for receiving the shaft (7).
8. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss (2) vor der Bohrung (8) zur Aufnahme des Schafts (7) ein weiterer konischer Abschnitt (20) vorgesehen ist und dass dieser Abschnitt (20) einen anderen Öffnungswinkel aufweist wie der vorhergehende konische Abschnitt (13).8. Sleeveless full floor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in the partial dismantling floor (2) in front of the bore (8) for receiving the shaft (7) a further conical section (20) is provided and that this section (20) one has a different opening angle than the previous conical section (13).
9. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geschoss (1, 2) einen konischen Teil (15) und einen anschließenden zylindrischen Teil (16) aufweist und dass der konische Teil (15) des Teilzerlegungsgeschosses (2) eine umlaufende Kerbe (21) als Sollbruchstelle aufweist.9. Caseless full floor according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the floor (1, 2) has a conical part (15) and a subsequent cylindrical part (16) and that the conical part (15) of the partial dismantling floor (2 ) has a circumferential notch (21) as a predetermined breaking point.
10. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geschoss (1, 2) in etwa am Übergang vom konischen Teil (15) zum zylindrischen Teil (16) einen Scharfrand (14) aufweist.10. Sleeveless full floor according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the floor (1, 2) approximately at the transition from conical part (15) to the cylindrical part (16) has a sharp edge (14).
11. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geschoss (1, 2) auf dem zylindrischen Teil (16) Entlastungsrillen (17) aufweist.11. Sleeveless full floor according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the floor (1, 2) on the cylindrical part (16) has relief grooves (17).
12. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Geschoss (1, 2) in seinem Heck (18) einen Heckkonus (19) aufweist.12. Sleeveless full floor according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the floor (1, 2) has a rear cone (19) in its rear (18).
13. Mantelloses Vollgeschoss nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei dem Teilzerlegungsgeschoss (2) zusätzlich zur13. coatless full floor according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that in the partial dismantling floor (2) in addition to
Grundlegierung noch ein Anteil von bis zu 4% die Spanbildung und damit die Zerlegung positiv beeinflussendes Element zu Lasten der Grundzusammensetzung hinzugefügt ist, vorzugsweise Blei oder Tellur und Phosphor. Basic alloy still contains up to 4% of the chip formation and thus the disintegration positively influencing element at the expense of the basic composition, preferably lead or tellurium and phosphorus.
EP03727399A 2002-04-30 2003-04-30 Partial fragmentation and deformation bullets having an identical point of impact and proces for the manufacture of such a bullet Expired - Lifetime EP1502074B1 (en)

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DE10317404A DE10317404A1 (en) 2002-04-30 2003-04-15 Partial dismantling and deformation floors with identical meeting point location
PCT/EP2003/004503 WO2003093758A1 (en) 2002-04-30 2003-04-30 Partial fragmentation and deformation bullets having an identical point of impact

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RU2004135073A (en) 2005-06-10
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US20050241523A1 (en) 2005-11-03
AU2003233202B2 (en) 2009-04-23
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US7299750B2 (en) 2007-11-27
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