EP1488042B1 - Method for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines and corresponding milling machine - Google Patents

Method for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines and corresponding milling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1488042B1
EP1488042B1 EP03744775A EP03744775A EP1488042B1 EP 1488042 B1 EP1488042 B1 EP 1488042B1 EP 03744775 A EP03744775 A EP 03744775A EP 03744775 A EP03744775 A EP 03744775A EP 1488042 B1 EP1488042 B1 EP 1488042B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
milling
constant
machine
cooling liquid
milling drum
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EP03744775A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1488042A1 (en
Inventor
Olaf Gaertner
Dieter Simons
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Wirtgen GmbH
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Wirtgen GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
    • E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
    • E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines as well as to a road milling machine according to the preamble of claims 1 and 4, respectively.
  • the spray nozzles are directed parallel to the axis of the milling drum in the milling space.
  • a disadvantage is that a needs-based dosing of the cooling liquid is not possible, and that there is a high space requirement for the water tank for the water supply, to prevent a work interruption can occur by a required Wasserauftankvorgang.
  • a milling machine with a milling drum in which a heat sensor is arranged in the milling drum, which detects the heating of the roller and reports to a controller so that it can turn on or off the spray nozzle for a coolant depending on the heating of the roller. It is thus known to switch a cooling device for cooling the milling drum on and off as needed.
  • the control of the amount of water is dependent solely on the processed soil volume.
  • EP-A-0282381 is a road recycler with water spraying devices for cooling the Fräswalzenenzähne and for binding the dust known.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to reduce the space requirement on a road milling machine for water storage and to reduce water consumption to the actual required amount of water.
  • the invention provides that at least one representative of the current performance of the milling drum characteristic value is detected, and that the instantaneous flow capacity for the cooling liquid in dependence on the at least one representative characteristic value for the current performance of the milling drum is controlled to the water consumption of the actual adjust the amount of variable water required for the current workload.
  • the at least one representative of the work performance characteristic may be formed from the current hydraulic pressure of the traction drive at a constant flow rate or from the current hydraulic pressure and the current flow rate of the hydraulic oil of the traction drive.
  • a characteristic value representative of the work performance consists of the current hydraulic pressure in the lifting column of the chassis of the milling machine. With low milling performance of the milling drum, a higher pressure is in the lifting column than at a higher milling performance, in which the chassis is relieved due to the forces occurring.
  • the at least one characteristic value representative of the work performance can also be determined from the characteristic data available in an electronic engine control of the drive engine.
  • the invention allows an adjustment of the currently supplied amount of cooling liquid / flow rate to the current performance of the milling drum, so that the total amount of cooling liquid to be vorattende can be reduced to a considerable extent, while an adjustment to the life of the milling drum can be made such that a padding the tanks for the coolant must be made only when other maintenance on the road milling machine, z. B. a tool change, are required. In this way, not only excessive water consumption is prevented, but also unnecessary downtime of the road milling machine excluded.
  • the advantages of the invention in the reduction of water consumption and tool wear, as well as in the reduction of work interruptions to recharge the water supply or to see a tool change.
  • the control or regulation of the instantaneous coolant quantity is corrected by constant characteristics specific to a machining task, and that the quantity of coolant supplied from a multi-dimensional characteristic field depends on the at least one characteristic value and the specific characteristic data is read out.
  • These specific characteristic data may consist of the current milling width, a tool constant dependent on the type and number of milling tools used, a material constant dependent on the processed road surfaces and / or the set milling roll rotational speed or a combination of several of the aforementioned characteristics.
  • the invention further relates to a milling machine for processing road surfaces with the aforementioned control or regulation of the instantaneous flow rate for the amount of coolant supplied.
  • the cooling device for the arranged on the milling drum milling tools preferably consists of a parallel to the roll axis nozzle arrangement, which is arranged on the milling drum surrounding the roll box and which is directed to the milling drum.
  • the nozzles arranged in series next to one another can be individually switched off and can be controlled individually.
  • the spray cones at least partially overlap adjacent spray nozzles.
  • the instantaneous flow capacity for the cooling liquid can be changed by a corresponding pressurization of the cooling liquid.
  • Road milling machines are used for the continuous expansion of road pavements. These machines are available in different working widths or can be equipped with a milling drum of different widths.
  • the road milling machines can work with a milling depth of a few millimeters up to the complete ceiling thickness of up to 30 centimeters and more.
  • the milling drum can be equipped with a different number and / or a different type of carbide-tipped round shank chisels.
  • the so-called fine milling the road surface is only slightly milled to get a flat, grippy road, which is no longer processed.
  • up to 400 chisels and more per running meter of working width are used.
  • milling rollers 4 are used, which have only 80 chisels per running meter working width and less.
  • the milling tool 12 used z. B. round shank chisel matched by their shape and the carbide type used to the particular application.
  • the round shank bits are to be understood as wear parts and the variety of different carbide types and chisel shapes serve to improve the service life.
  • the milling tools 12 are cooled with water.
  • Fig.1 shows a known road milling machine 1 with a machine frame 2, in which a milling drum 4 is rotatably mounted.
  • the machine frame 2 is supported by a chassis with several chassis 8, which are connected via lifting column 10 with the machine frame 2.
  • the milled material of the pavements reaches a first conveyor 20 with a conveyor belt which is arranged in a shaft of the machine frame 2 and transmits the milled material to a second conveyor 22 with a further conveyor belt.
  • a Sensor device 17 the current feed rate can be measured.
  • the machine frame further carries a tank 14 for a coolant.
  • the coolant preferably water
  • the coolant in the tank 14 can be supplied to a cooling device 10 via a pump 15 in order to spray the water in operation via a spray ramp running parallel to the roll axis of the milling drum 4 onto the milling tools arranged on the milling drum 4.
  • the promotion of the water from the tank 14 is carried out with a pressure pump, with which the pump pressure can be set variably to set the current amount of coolant.
  • the spray ramp on which the milling drum 4 surrounding roller box 5 consists of several, juxtaposed spray nozzles, according to the milling width of the milling drum 4 used part of the spray nozzles can be shut down.
  • the spray nozzles are controllable to be switched on or off.
  • the machine control 16 calculates the required volume flow of the cooling liquid as a function of the at least one representative characteristic value for the current working output of the milling drum 4 and in dependence on the specific constant characteristic data by reading out a volume flow value from a characteristic data field.
  • the volume flow values contained therein are determined, for example, empirically and stored in a multi-dimensional map.

Abstract

In a method for optimizing a cutting process in milling machines which are used to machine road coverings, which comprise a milling device fitted with milling tools which is sprayed with liquid in order to cool the milling tools, in addition to a drive motor, the following steps are provided: detection of the at least one parameter which is representative of the instantaneous power output of the milling device and controlling the amount of cooling liquid supplied according to the at least one parameter which is representative of the instantaneous power output of the milling device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Optimieren eines Schneidprozesses bei Strassenfräsmaschinen sowie eine derartige Strassenfräsmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 4.The invention relates to a method for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines as well as to a road milling machine according to the preamble of claims 1 and 4, respectively.

Es ist bei Strassenfräsmaschinen bekannt, zur Erhöhung der Standzeit einer mit Fräswerkzeugen bestückten Fräswalze mit Hilfe einer Sprüheinrichtung, z.B. mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten Sprühdüsen, die Fräswerkzeuge mit Wasser zu besprühen. Die Versorgung erfolgt über einen mitgeführten Tank und eine Pumpe.It is known in road milling machines to increase the service life of a milling drum equipped with milling tools by means of a spraying device, e.g. several spray nozzles arranged side by side to spray the milling tools with water. The supply takes place via an entrained tank and a pump.

Der Maschinenführer schaltet für die Dauer des Arbeitseinsatzes die Pumpe ein. In technisch weiter entwickelten Maschinen ist es bereits heute möglich, dass der Maschinenführer die Durchflussmenge der Pumpe einstellt. Nachteil dieser Lösung ist ein relativ hoher Wasserverbrauch der daraus resultiert, dass der Maschinenführer :

  • Bereits vor dem Einsetzen des eigentlichen Fräsvorganges die Pumpe in Gang setzen muss, da in der Anfangsphase bis zum Erreichen eines kontinuierlichen Fräsprozesses der Maschinenführer mit einer Vielzahl von anderen Steuer- und Einstellaufgaben betraut ist,
  • Bei kleineren unvermittelten Unterbrechungen das Wasser laufenlässt,
  • Das Wasser nach dem Ende des Fräsvorganges nachläuft, bis die Pumpe ausgeschaltet wird,
  • Die Durchflussmenge aus Unsicherheitsgründen grundsätzlich zu hoch eingestellt wird,
  • Die Durchflussmenge nach dem höchsten Bedarf auf der zu fräsenden Strecke eingestellt wird.
The machine operator switches on the pump for the duration of the work. In technically advanced machines, it is already possible today for the machine operator to adjust the flow rate of the pump. Disadvantage of this solution is a relatively high water consumption resulting from the fact that the machine operator:
  • Even before the actual milling process has started, the pump must start, because in the initial phase, until a continuous milling process is achieved, the machine operator is entrusted with a multitude of other control and setting tasks.
  • For smaller uninterrupted interruptions, the water runs,
  • The water after the end of the milling process lags until the pump is switched off,
  • The flow rate is set too high for reasons of uncertainty,
  • The flow rate is set according to the highest demand on the route to be milled.

In der Sprüheinrichtung sind die Sprühdüsen parallel zu der Achse der Fräswalze in den Fräsraum gerichtet.In the spraying device, the spray nozzles are directed parallel to the axis of the milling drum in the milling space.

Es ist auch bekannt, die Kühlflüssigkeit derart zu versprühen, dass ein Sprühnebel entsteht, um die Kühlwirkung des Wassers zu erhöhen. Allerdings ist bei einer Vernebelung der Kühlflüssigkeit zwar einerseits die Kühlleistung gut, aber andererseits die Spülleistung schlecht.It is also known to spray the cooling liquid in such a way that a spray mist is formed in order to increase the cooling effect of the water. However, in a misting of the cooling liquid, on the one hand, the cooling performance is good, but on the other hand, the flushing performance is poor.

Bei bisherigen Strassenfräsmaschinen besteht lediglich die Möglichkeit, die Wasserzufuhr ein- und auszuschalten oder ggf. an die unterschiedliche Arbeitsbreite der Fräswalze durch teilweise Abschaltung von Sprühdüsen anzupassen.In previous road milling machines, it is only possible to turn the water supply on and off or possibly to adapt to the different working width of the milling drum by partially switching off spray nozzles.

Nachteilig ist dabei, dass eine bedarfsgerechte Dosierung der Kühlflüssigkeit nicht möglich ist, und dass für den Wasservorrat ein hoher Raumbedarf für den Wassertank besteht, um zu verhindern, dass durch einen erforderlichen Wasserauftankvorgang eine Arbeitsunterbrechung auftreten kann.A disadvantage is that a needs-based dosing of the cooling liquid is not possible, and that there is a high space requirement for the water tank for the water supply, to prevent a work interruption can occur by a required Wasserauftankvorgang.

Aus der DE-A-10007253 ist eine Fräsmaschine mit einer Fräswalze bekannt, bei der in der Fräswalze ein Wärmesensor angeordnet ist, der die Erwärmung der Walze erfassst und an eine Steuerung meldet, so dass diese in Abhängigkeit der Erwärmung der walze die Sprühdüse für ein Kühlmittel ein- oder abschalten kann. Es ist somit bekannt, eine Kühlvorrichtung zur Kühlung der Fräswalze bei Bedarf ein- und auszuschalten.From the DE-A-10007253 a milling machine with a milling drum is known, in which a heat sensor is arranged in the milling drum, which detects the heating of the roller and reports to a controller so that it can turn on or off the spray nozzle for a coolant depending on the heating of the roller. It is thus known to switch a cooling device for cooling the milling drum on and off as needed.

Die Steuerung der Wassermenge ist allein vom verarbeiteten Bodenvolumen abgängig.The control of the amount of water is dependent solely on the processed soil volume.

Aus der EP-A-0282381 ist ein Strassenrecycler mit Wasserspritz Vorrichtungen zum kühlen der Fräswalzenzähne und zum Binden des Staubes bekannt.From the EP-A-0282381 is a road recycler with water spraying devices for cooling the Fräswalzenenzähne and for binding the dust known.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Raumbedarf auf einer Strassenfräsmaschine für die Wasserbevorratung zu verringern und den Wasserverbrauch auf die tatsächlich erforderliche Wassermenge zu reduzieren.The invention is therefore based on the object to reduce the space requirement on a road milling machine for water storage and to reduce water consumption to the actual required amount of water.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 4.To achieve this object, the features of claims 1 and 4 serve.

Die Erfindung sieht vor, dass mindestens ein für die momentane Arbeitsleistung der Fräswalze repräsentativer Kennwert erfasst wird, und dass die momentane Durchflussleistung für die Kühlflüssigkeit in Abhängigkeit von dem mindestens einen repräsentativen Kennwert für die momentane Arbeitsleistung der Fräswalze gesteuert wird, um den Wasserverbrauch an die tatsächlich für die momentane Arbeitsleistung erforderliche variable Wassermenge anzupassen.The invention provides that at least one representative of the current performance of the milling drum characteristic value is detected, and that the instantaneous flow capacity for the cooling liquid in dependence on the at least one representative characteristic value for the current performance of the milling drum is controlled to the water consumption of the actual adjust the amount of variable water required for the current workload.

Der mindestens eine für die Arbeitsleistung repräsentative Kennwert kann aus dem aktuellen Hydraulikdruck des Fahrantriebs bei konstanter Durchflussmenge oder aus dem aktuellen Hydraulikdruck und der aktuellen Durchflussmenge des Hydrauliköls des Fahrantriebs gebildet sein.The at least one representative of the work performance characteristic may be formed from the current hydraulic pressure of the traction drive at a constant flow rate or from the current hydraulic pressure and the current flow rate of the hydraulic oil of the traction drive.

Nach einer Alternative kann der für die Arbeitsleistung repräsentative Kennwert aus dem gemessenen Drehmoment bei konstanter Drehzahl des Fräswalzenantriebs bestehen.As an alternative, the characteristic value representative of the work performance may consist of the measured torque at a constant speed of the milling drum drive.

Nach einer weiteren Alternative besteht ein für die Arbeitsleistung repräsentativer Kennwert aus dem aktuellen hydraulischen Druck in den Hubsäule des Fahrgestells der Fräsmaschine. Bei geringer Fräsleistung der Fräswalze stellt sich ein höherer Druck in den Hubsäule ein als bei einer höheren Fräsleistung, bei der das Fahrgestell aufgrund der auftretenden Kräfte entlastet wird.According to another alternative, a characteristic value representative of the work performance consists of the current hydraulic pressure in the lifting column of the chassis of the milling machine. With low milling performance of the milling drum, a higher pressure is in the lifting column than at a higher milling performance, in which the chassis is relieved due to the forces occurring.

Der mindestens eine für die Arbeitsleistung repräsentative Kennwert kann schließlich auch aus den in einer elektronischen Motorsteuerung des Antriebsmotors verfügbaren Kenndaten ermittelt werden.Finally, the at least one characteristic value representative of the work performance can also be determined from the characteristic data available in an electronic engine control of the drive engine.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht eine Anpassung der momentan zugeführten Menge der Kühlflüssigkeit/Durchflussleistung an die momentane Arbeitsleistung der Fräswalze, so dass die insgesamt zu bevoratende Kühlflüssigkeitsmenge in erheblichem Umfang reduziert werden kann, wobei gleichzeitig eine Anpassung an die Standzeit der Fräswalze derart erfolgen kann, dass ein Auffüllen der Tanks für die Kühlflüssigkeit erst dann erfolgen muss, wenn andere Wartungsarbeiten an der Strassenfräsmaschine, z. B. ein Werkzeugwechsel, erforderlich sind. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur ein übermässiger Wasserverbrauch verhindert, sondern auch unnötige Stillstandzeiten der Strassenfräsmaschine ausgeschlossen. Außerdem kann durch die an dem Bedarf angepasste Zuführung der Kühlflüssigkeit eine Verringerung der erforderlichen Tankgrösse erreicht werden, wodurch auch das Maschinengewicht insgesamt reduziert werden kann. Es genügt demzufolge, eine Wassermenge mit sich zu führen, die für eine Arbeitsschicht ausreicht. Zusammenfassend sind die Vorteile der Erfindung in der Reduzierung des Wasserverbrauchs und des Werkzeugverschleisses, sowie in der Verringerung der Arbeitsunterbrechungen zum Auftanken des Wasservorrats oder für einen Werkzeugwechsel zu sehen.The invention allows an adjustment of the currently supplied amount of cooling liquid / flow rate to the current performance of the milling drum, so that the total amount of cooling liquid to be vorattende can be reduced to a considerable extent, while an adjustment to the life of the milling drum can be made such that a padding the tanks for the coolant must be made only when other maintenance on the road milling machine, z. B. a tool change, are required. In this way, not only excessive water consumption is prevented, but also unnecessary downtime of the road milling machine excluded. In addition, can be achieved by the adapted to the need supply of the cooling liquid, a reduction in the required tank size, whereby the machine weight can be reduced overall. It is therefore sufficient to carry an amount of water with it, which is sufficient for a working shift. In summary, the advantages of the invention in the reduction of water consumption and tool wear, as well as in the reduction of work interruptions to recharge the water supply or to see a tool change.

Nach einer weiteren Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Steuerung oder Regelung der momentanen Kühlflüssigkeitsmenge durch konstante, für eine Bearbeitungsaufgabe spezifische Kenndaten korrigiert wird, und dass die zugeführte Menge an Kühlflüssigkeit aus einem mehrdimensionalen Kennfeld in Abhängigkeit des mindestens einen Kennwertes und der spezifischen Kenndaten ausgelesen wird.According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the control or regulation of the instantaneous coolant quantity is corrected by constant characteristics specific to a machining task, and that the quantity of coolant supplied from a multi-dimensional characteristic field depends on the at least one characteristic value and the specific characteristic data is read out.

Diese spezifischen Kenndaten können aus der aktuellen Fräsbreite, einer von der Art und Anzahl der verwendeten Fräswerkzeuge abhängige Werkzeugkonstante, einer von den bearbeiteten Strassendecken abhängigen Materialkonstante und/oder der eingestellten Fräswalzendrehzahl oder einer Kombination mehrerer der vorgenannten Kenndaten bestehen.These specific characteristic data may consist of the current milling width, a tool constant dependent on the type and number of milling tools used, a material constant dependent on the processed road surfaces and / or the set milling roll rotational speed or a combination of several of the aforementioned characteristics.

Die Erfindung betrifft des weiteren eine Fräsmaschine zum Bearbeiten von Strassendecken mit der vorgenannten Steuerung bzw. Regelung der momentanen Durchflussleistung für die zugeführte Kühlflüssigkeitsmenge.The invention further relates to a milling machine for processing road surfaces with the aforementioned control or regulation of the instantaneous flow rate for the amount of coolant supplied.

Die Kühleinrichtung für die auf der Fräswalze angeordneten Fräswerkzeuge besteht vorzugsweise aus einer parallel zur Walzenachse verlaufenden Düsenanordnung, die an dem die Fräswalze umgebenden Walzenkasten angeordnet ist und die auf die Fräswalze gerichtet ist. Die in Reihe nebeneinander angeordneten Düsen können einzeln abschaltbar gestaltet sein und einzeln ansteuerbar sein.The cooling device for the arranged on the milling drum milling tools preferably consists of a parallel to the roll axis nozzle arrangement, which is arranged on the milling drum surrounding the roll box and which is directed to the milling drum. The nozzles arranged in series next to one another can be individually switched off and can be controlled individually.

Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, dass sich die Sprühkegel einander benachbarter Sprühdüsen zumindest teilweise überdecken.It is preferably provided that the spray cones at least partially overlap adjacent spray nozzles.

Die momentane Durchflussleistung für die Kühlflüssigkeit kann über eine entsprechende Druckbeaufschlagung der Kühlflüssigkeit verändert werden.The instantaneous flow capacity for the cooling liquid can be changed by a corresponding pressurization of the cooling liquid.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen :

Fig.1
eine Strassenfräsmaschine in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
eine Fräswalze mit Kühleinrichtung im Walzenkasten, und
Fig. 3
eine Maschinensteuerung, bei der in Abhängigkeit von dem für die Arbeitsleistung repräsentativen Kennwerten und den für eine Bearbeitungsaufgabe spezifischen Kenndaten ein Volumenstrom der Kühlflüssigkeit gesteuert wird.
Show it :
Fig.1
a street milling machine in side view,
Fig. 2
a milling drum with cooling device in the roll box, and
Fig. 3
a machine control in which a volume flow of the cooling liquid is controlled depending on the characteristic values representative of the work performance and the characteristics specific to a machining task.

Strassenfräsmaschinen werden zum kontinuierlichen Ausbau von Strassendecken eingesetzt. Diese Maschinen werden in unterschiedlichen Arbeitsbreiten angeboten oder können mit einer mit Fräswalzen unterschiedlicher Breite ausgerüstet werden.Road milling machines are used for the continuous expansion of road pavements. These machines are available in different working widths or can be equipped with a milling drum of different widths.

Die Straßenfräsmaschinen können bei einer Frästiefe von wenigen Millimetern bis hin zur vollständigen Deckenstärke von bis zu 30 Zentimetern und mehr arbeiten.The road milling machines can work with a milling depth of a few millimeters up to the complete ceiling thickness of up to 30 centimeters and more.

Die Fräswalze kann je nach Anwendungsfall mit einer unterschiedlichen Anzahl und/oder einer unterschiedlichen Art von hartmetallbestückten Rundschaftmeißeln ausgerüstet sein. Beim sogenannten Feinfräsen wird die Strassendecke nur geringfügig abgefräst, um eine ebene, griffig Fahrbahn zu erhalten, die nicht mehr weiter bearbeitet wird. Hier werden bis zu 400 Meißel und mehr pro laufenden Meter Arbeitsbreite eingesetzt. Im Gegensatz dazu werden beim sogenannten Vollausbau, dem Fräsen der gesamten Strassendecke in einem Arbeitsgang, Fräswalzen 4 eingesetzt, die nur 80 Meißel pro laufenden Meter Arbeitsbreite und weniger aufweisen. Auch sind die eingesetzten Fräswerkzeug 12, z. B. Rundschaftmeißel, durch ihre Form und den eingesetzten Hartmetalltyp auf den jeweiligen Einsatzfall abgestimmt. Die Rundschaftmeißel sind als Verschleißteile zu verstehen und die Vielzahl der unterschiedlichen Hartmetalltypen und Meißelformen dienen der Verbesserung der Standzeit. Um den Verschleiß weiter zu reduzieren, werden die Fräswerkzeuge 12 mit Wasser gekühlt.Depending on the application, the milling drum can be equipped with a different number and / or a different type of carbide-tipped round shank chisels. The so-called fine milling the road surface is only slightly milled to get a flat, grippy road, which is no longer processed. Here, up to 400 chisels and more per running meter of working width are used. In contrast, in the so-called full expansion, the milling of the entire road surface in one operation, milling rollers 4 are used, which have only 80 chisels per running meter working width and less. Also, the milling tool 12 used, z. B. round shank chisel matched by their shape and the carbide type used to the particular application. The round shank bits are to be understood as wear parts and the variety of different carbide types and chisel shapes serve to improve the service life. To further reduce wear, the milling tools 12 are cooled with water.

Fig.1 zeigt eine bekannte Strassenfräsmaschine 1 mit einem Maschinenrahmen 2, in dem eine Fräswalze 4 drehbar gelagert ist. Der Maschinenrahmen 2 wird von einem Fahrgestell mit mehreren Fahrwerken 8 getragen, die über Hubsäule 10 mit dem Maschinenrahmen 2 verbunden sind. Von der Fräswalze 4 gelangt das abgefräste Material der Strassendecken auf eine erste Fördereinrichtung 20 mit einem Transportband, die in einem Schacht des Maschinenrahmens 2 angeordnet ist und das abgefräste Material auf eine zweite Fördereinrichtung 22 mit einem weiteren Transportband überträgt. Mit Hilfe einer Sensoreinrichtung 17 kann die aktuelle Vorschubgeschwindigkeit gemessen werden. Fig.1 shows a known road milling machine 1 with a machine frame 2, in which a milling drum 4 is rotatably mounted. The machine frame 2 is supported by a chassis with several chassis 8, which are connected via lifting column 10 with the machine frame 2. From the milling drum 4, the milled material of the pavements reaches a first conveyor 20 with a conveyor belt which is arranged in a shaft of the machine frame 2 and transmits the milled material to a second conveyor 22 with a further conveyor belt. With the help of a Sensor device 17, the current feed rate can be measured.

Der Maschinenrahmen trägt des weiteren einen Tank 14 für ein Kühlmittel. Das Kühlmittel, vorzugsweise Wasser, in dem Tank 14 kann einer Kühleinrichtung 10 über eine Pumpe 15 zugeführt werden, um das Wasser über eine parallel zur Walzenachse der Fräswalze 4 verlaufende Sprührampe auf die auf der Fräswalze 4 angeordneten Fräswerkzeuge im Betrieb zu versprühen. Die Förderung des Wassers aus dem Tank 14 erfolgt mit einer Druckpumpe, mit der zur Einstellung der momentanen Kühlflüssigkeitsmenge der Pumpendruck variabel eingestellt werden kann.The machine frame further carries a tank 14 for a coolant. The coolant, preferably water, in the tank 14 can be supplied to a cooling device 10 via a pump 15 in order to spray the water in operation via a spray ramp running parallel to the roll axis of the milling drum 4 onto the milling tools arranged on the milling drum 4. The promotion of the water from the tank 14 is carried out with a pressure pump, with which the pump pressure can be set variably to set the current amount of coolant.

Die Sprührampe an dem die Fräswalze 4 umgebenden Walzenkasten 5 besteht aus mehreren, nebeneinander angeordneten Sprühdüsen, wobei entsprechend der Fräsbreite der eingesetzten Fräswalze 4 ein Teil der Sprühdüsen stillgelegt werden kann. Hierzu ist vorgesehen, dass die Sprühdüsen ansteuerbar sind, um ein- oder ausgeschaltet werden zu können.The spray ramp on which the milling drum 4 surrounding roller box 5 consists of several, juxtaposed spray nozzles, according to the milling width of the milling drum 4 used part of the spray nozzles can be shut down. For this purpose, it is provided that the spray nozzles are controllable to be switched on or off.

Die Maschinensteuerung 16 der Fräsmaschine 1 steuert bzw. regelt den Volumenstrom der Kühlflüssigkeit nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 in Abhängigkeit von mindestens einem repräsentativen Kennwert für die momentane Arbeitsleistung der Fräswalze 4.The machine control 16 of the milling machine 1 controls or regulates the volume flow of the cooling liquid according to the embodiment of the Fig. 3 as a function of at least one representative parameter for the instantaneous performance of the milling drum 4.

Zusätzlich werden für eine bestimmte Bearbeitungsaufgabe spezifische konstante Kenndaten in die Maschinensteuerung 16 eingegeben, die in dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 aus der aktuellen Fräsbreite, einer von der Art und Anzahl der verwendeten Fräswerkzeuge abhängigen Werkzeugkonstante, einer von dem Material der bearbeiteten Strassendecke abhängige Materialkonstante und/oder der eingestellten Fräswalzendrehzahl bestehen können.In addition, for a particular processing task, specific constant characteristics are input to the engine controller 16, which in the embodiment of FIG Fig. 3 can consist of the current milling width, a dependent on the type and number of milling tools used tool constant, depending on the material of the processed road surface material constant and / or the set Fräswalzendrehzahl.

Die Maschinensteuerung 16 berechnet den benötigten Volumenstrom der Kühlflüssigkeit in Abhängigkeit von dem mindestens einen repräsentativen Kennwert für die momentane Arbeitsleistung der Fräswalze 4 und in Abhängigkeit der spezifischen konstanten Kenndaten, indem ein Volumenstromwert aus einem Kenndatenfeld ausgelesen wird. Die darin enthaltenen Volumenstromwerte sind beispielsweise empirisch bestimmt und in einem mehrdimensionalen Kennfeld gespeichert.The machine control 16 calculates the required volume flow of the cooling liquid as a function of the at least one representative characteristic value for the current working output of the milling drum 4 and in dependence on the specific constant characteristic data by reading out a volume flow value from a characteristic data field. The volume flow values contained therein are determined, for example, empirically and stored in a multi-dimensional map.

Claims (6)

  1. A method for optimizing a cutting process in milling machines (1) for machining road coverings, comprising a machine controlling means (16), a machine frame (2) supported by a chassis, a traveling mechanism, and a milling drum (4) fitted with milling tools and being adapted to be driven by a milling device drive, which is sprayed with cooling liquid for cooling the milling tools (12),
    - detecting at least one parameter representative of the instantaneous work output of the milling drum (4), and
    - controlling the instantaneous flow rate of the cooling liquid as a function of the at least one representative parameter of the instantaneous work output of the milling drum (4), in order to adjust the water consumption to the variable water quantity actually needed for the instantaneous work output,
    characterized in that said at least one parameter representative for the work output is formed
    - from the current hydraulic pressure of the traveling mechanism at a constant flow rate or from the current hydraulic pressure and the current flow rate of the hydraulic oil of the traveling mechanism, und/or
    - from the measured torque at a constant rotational speed of the milling drum drive, and/or
    - from the current hydraulic pressure in the lifting columns (10) of the chassis of the milling machine (1), and/or
    - from the characteristics of the drive motor available in an electronic motor controlling means.
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control or regulation of the cooling liquid amount is corrected by constant characteristics specific for a machining task and that the currently supplied amount of cooling liquid is read out from a multidimensional characteristic diagram in dependence on the at least one parameter and at least one of the specific characteristics.
  3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the constant characteristics specific for a machining task consist of the current milling width (FB), a tool constant (WK) depending on the type and number of the milling tools used, a material constant (MK) depending on the machined road coverings and/or the set milling device speed (n).
  4. A milling machine (1) for machining road coverings, with a machine frame (2) supported by several moving gears (8), a milling drum (4) rotatably supported at the machine frame (2) and comprising a milling drum drive, a cooling means (10) for milling tools (12) arranged on the milling drum (4) by means of which a cooling liquid supplied from a tank (14) can be sprayed onto the milling tools (12), a traveling mechanism and with a machine controlling means (16), wherein the machine controlling means (16) controls the currently supplied amount of cooling liquid in dependence on at least one parameter representative of the instantaneous work output of the milling drum (4) in order to adjust the water consumption to the variable water quantity actually needed for the instantaneous work output,
    characterized in that said at least one parameter representative for the current work output of the milling drum (4) is formed
    - from the measured torque of the milling drum drive and, when the rotational speed is not constant, also from the measured rotational speed of the milling drum (4), and/or
    - from the measured hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil and the measured flow rate, and/or
    - from the measured hydraulic pressure in the lifting columns (10), and/or
    - from characteristics of an electronic motor controlling means of the drive motor,
    wherein the machine controlling means (16) reads out the current amount of cooling liquid to be supplied from a multidimensional characteristic diagram in dependence on the at least one parameter.
  5. The milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the machine controlling means (16) corrects the supplied amount of cooling liquid in dependence on constant characteristics specific for a machining task.
  6. The milling machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the constant characteristics specific for a machining task consist of the current milling width (FB), a tool constant (WK) depending on the type and number of the employed milling tools, a material constant (MK) depending on the material of the machined road covering and/or the set speed (n) of the milling device.
EP03744775A 2002-03-22 2003-01-17 Method for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines and corresponding milling machine Expired - Lifetime EP1488042B1 (en)

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DE10213017 2002-03-22
DE10213017A DE10213017A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2002-03-22 Process for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines, as well as milling machine for processing road surfaces
PCT/EP2003/000441 WO2003080935A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2003-01-17 Method and device for optimizing a cutting process in road milling machines

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US20050168048A1 (en) 2005-08-04
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WO2003080935A1 (en) 2003-10-02
US7984953B2 (en) 2011-07-26
CN1643220B (en) 2011-09-14
US20180371710A1 (en) 2018-12-27
US20140191560A1 (en) 2014-07-10
US9963842B2 (en) 2018-05-08
US20110272997A1 (en) 2011-11-10
DE10213017A1 (en) 2003-10-09
US20180044864A1 (en) 2018-02-15
US8668274B2 (en) 2014-03-11
US10550530B2 (en) 2020-02-04
CN1643220A (en) 2005-07-20
ATE549461T1 (en) 2012-03-15
US9689120B2 (en) 2017-06-27

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