Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
  • D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents

Definitions

• This invention discloses a filament with ultraviolet ray hiding effect use to manufacture fabrics. Specifically, this invention discloses a filament having ultravioletray hiding effect use to manufacture fabrics, whose filaments are formed by adding inorganic titanium dioxide particles preferably less than 1% weight of the total filament.
• the inorganic titanium dioxide particles have dimensions of preferably less than 100 nm.
• An ultraviolet reflection agent or ultraviolet absorbent agent can be an inorganic or an organic compound. Because the physical properties of filaments are easily and negatively influenced by the use of organic compound as agents, inorganic compounds are more frequently used. Examples of inorganic ultraviolet reflection and absorbent agents are titanium dioxide, talcum, kaolin, zinc oxide and ferric oxide. Titanium dioxide, which possesses optimal ultraviolet reflection on visible light is frequently used. Similarly, organic compounds with ultraviolet reflection effect on visible light, such as salicylic acid, benzophenone, benzotriazole, cyanoacrylate are often used as ultraviolet absorbent agents.
• Ultraviolet reflection agents and ultraviolet absorbent agents can be directly added to the filaments during die filament spinning process, or alternatively directly onto the textile produced from the filament during post process coating. Adding ultraviolet reflection and/or absorbent agents onto the textile surfaces during post process coating reduces the air permeability of the textile by clogging the textile aperture. Other drawbacks associated with using post process coating are that the produced textiles are usually warmer, that is, textiles absorb and accumulate more heat when worn, and the absorbent and/or reflection agents are quickly shed after numerous washing, reducing the ultraviolet ray hiding effect. Therefore, the addition of ultraviolet agents, via post process coating is not strongly recommended.
• Japanese Patent Application Laid-Opened No. 5-148734 discloses a filament structure having ventilation degree exceeding 5ml/cm 2 , which contains ultraviolet reflection or absorbent agent with the following results: the ultraviolet penetration of wavelengths between 290-320 nm is below 5%, the ultraviolet penetration of wavelengths between 290-400 nm is below 10%; and the visible light reflectivity of wavelengths between 400 - 1200 nm is above 60 %.
• Japanese Patent Application Laid -Open No. 5-93343 discloses a core sheath structure filament with ultraviolet ray hiding effect containing metal oxide of between 5-40 weight % of the filament.
• Said application discloses tatting fabric having hiding (cover) factor of between 700 -1300, knitted fabric having hiding factor of between 200 -500, and an ultraviolet penetration percentage of below 10% for the fabric produced from the core sheath structure filament.
• Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.5-186942 discloses a knitted fabric with double-layer construction having surface layer hydrophobic filament of titter above 1 denier per filament.
• the lining and contact layers are made with filament comprising protective inorganic compounds constituting over 3 % weight of the layers, which protects against reflective visible light and near infrared ray light sources.
• the three patent applications discussed above disclose technologies for improving filament with ultraviolet ray hiding features by adding metallic compounds having ultraviolet reflection or absorbent characteristics in an amount between 1% and 40% weight of the filament.
• Adding large amount of metallic compounds into a textile producing filaments as proposed by the Japanese Laid-Opened patent applications, reduce spinning productivity and fiber strength and result in the formation of tinct yellow filaments.
• the metallic compound are not easily controlled on the filament surfaces, large adding amount of metallic compounds will affect abrasion wear in the yarn path of the machines in the post stages of the weaving and finishing process of filament/fabric manufacturing. This is not good for product quality, and will also greatly reduce the life span of the machine used, increase manufacturing cost.
• filaments use in textile production with ultraviolet ray hiding effect which contains less than1 % weight of inorganic titanium particles with average particle diameter size of preferably less than 100 nm.
• Another object of this invention is to produce filaments having ultraviolet ray hiding effect, which weighs preferably over 50% of fabric produced from said filaments.
• Still another object of this invention is to produce fabrics, using the filaments of this invention, having opening or permeability rate exceeding preferably 0.7%, but preferably less than 25%, and having an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of preferably over 40%.
• UPF ultraviolet protection factor
• This invention relates to an filament having ultraviolet ray hiding effect use to manufacture textile for clothings and for producing household textiles, such as garment, hat gingham and curtains, etc.
• the ultraviolet ray hiding effect results from inventing a filament containing preferably less than 1% weight of inorganic titanium particles having average diameter preferably less than 100 nm.
• the filament of this invention When used to manufacture fabrics, the filament of this invention constitutes preferably over 50% weight of fabrics, produces fabrics having permeability rate preferably exceeding 0.7 % but preferably less than 25 % and produces fabrics having ultraviolet protection factor of preferably over 40 %. Finally, the filament of this invention with ultraviolet ray hiding protection contains preferably less than 1 % uncoagulated titanium dioxide particles obtained by mixing the inorganic titanium particles with potassium tripolyphosphate.
• this invention advances its proven concept of adding inorganic titanium dioxide particles having average dimensions of about 100nm to the filament composition.
• the addition of titanium dioxide enhances resistance to ultraviolet ray while increasing the distribution surface area of the inorganic particles in the filament thereby increasing permeability or opening rate of textiles manufactured from said filaments.
• inorganic titanium metal particles are reduction in using amount during production due to increase distribution surface area of inorganic particles, reduction in overall manufacturing cost as using amount is increased, improvement in spinning productivity, enhancement of filament strength, enhancement of filament tinct, improvement in abrasion wear of yarn path of processing machine.
• the criticality of adding titanium dioxide particles constituting preferably below 1% weight of a total filament is immense. Having filaments with titanium dioxide particles of weight percentage above 1 would most certainly result in the loss of or drastic reduction in the ultraviolet ray hiding effect in fabrics after repeated washing.
• the manner in which the titanium dioxide particles are added to the filaments affects their ability to maintain its ultraviolet ray hiding effect and may affect the overall quality of fabrics manufactured from said filaments.
• the preferred method of adding the titanium dioxide to the filament is directly, rather than post process coating.
• Direct addition of the titanium dioxide particles can occur at the polymerization stage of the filament production process or the spinning stage with essentially identical results. However, whether the inorganic particles are added during the polymerization process stage or in master-batch type during the spinning process stage, which can avoid coagulation of the titanium dioxide particles is paramount.
• a dispersant such as potassium tripolyphosphate is added to the titanium dioxide particles by preparing a titanium dioxide/ potassium tripolyphosphate sub-solution.
• ultraviolet ray hiding effect is influenced by the filament composition and the thickness of the fabrics. Tightly woven fabrics have lower air permeability or opening rate. The thicker the texture, the better the ultraviolet ray hiding effect. Because fabrics with ultraviolet ray hiding effect are mostly desired and used during the summer season, the degree of permeability and thickness of fabric will greatly influence the degree of textile comfort when worn. To increase the comfort level of fabrics with ultraviolet ray hiding effect, a cross, Y, W type profile sectional spinneret can be used during the spinning stage of the filament production. The guiding gutter and the large surface area of the profile section of filament can be utilized to make fabric having ultraviolet ray hiding effect and fabric with the ability to absorb moisture while providing enhanced perspiration. Such fabrics will be suitable especially for summer activities.
• Ultraviolet Protective Factor determines the degree of ultraviolet ray hiding effect in textiles
• the fabric manufactured from the filament in this invention can be evaluated as UPF according to the Standard of AS(Australian Standard)/NZS(New Zealand standard) 4399, 1996 : Evaluation and Classification of Sun Protective Clothing.
• the Ultraviolet Protective Factor value and ultraviolet ray hiding effect in AS/NZS 4399, 1996 revealed the following results; when UPF is between 25-39, the ultraviolet ray hiding effect is considered very good; and when UPF is between 40-50 or above 50, the ultraviolet ray hiding effect is considered excellent.
• the measurement of the opening rate using a light microscopic having magnification between 10 -50 comprised of the following steps: placing a light source inside the textile to be measured to make the textile transparent; taking a microscopic photograph of the transparent textile; and calculating the percentage of the total area of the white section with respect to the total area of the textile - the percentage of the white section is the opening rate of the textile.
• the measurement of the yarn abradability comprised the following steps: Grinding the yarn to be measured with copper wire having dimensions of 0.25 mm wire diameter, under a tension of 0.5 gm/denier, and at an elongation rate of 300m/minutes; and recording the passing length of the yarn when the copper wire is grinded and ruptured by the yarn. The longer it takes the yarn to pass through, the more unobvious the measured abradibility of the yarn is.
• inorganic titanium dioxide particles with ultraviolet reflection effect having the following parameters: particles with diameter less than 100 nm in amount of 0.5 % weight of the total filament; and particles with diameter exceeding 0.3 ⁇ m (micro meter) or 300nm in an amount of 0.4% weight of the filament.
• inorganic titanium dioxide particles of average particle diameter greater than 0.3 ⁇ m is added in an amount of 1 6 % weight of the filament composition.
• the DTY with ultraviolet ray hiding effect produced according to example 1, example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are of 75 denier/72 filament (75d/72f), used as weft yarn, while conventional 75d/72f yarn used as warp yarn; tatting 1 / 1 texture, warp density is 112 strip/ inch; weft density is 112 strip/inch; weight per unit area is 92 g/m 2 ; cloth thickness is 0.28 mm; and the fabric opening rate is 10.6%.
• the yarn abradability and UPF of fabrics are shown in the following table. Yarn abradability (m) UPF of fabrics (%) Example 1 14276 60.6 Example 2 40000 66.0 Comparative Example 1 5545 36.0 Comparative Example2 2667 66.0
• the DTY with ultraviolet ray hiding effect produced according to example 1, example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are of 150denier/144 filament (130d/144f), 22G PK knitted; weight per unit area is 220 g/m 2 ; cloth thickness is 1.0mm; and the opening rate of fabric is 5.3%.
• UPF of fabrics are shown in the following table. UPF of fabrics (%) Example 1 114 Example 2 130 Comparative Example 1 78 Comparative Example 2 126
• inorganic titanium dioxide particles having average particle diameter less than 100 nm can be added to the filament in an amount less than 1.0 % weight of the total filament composition to provide ultraviolet reflection effect, and the filament can be used to produce fabrics with ultraviolet ray hiding effect.
• UPF of fabrics having inorganic titanium dioxide with average particle diameter of less than 100nm is apparently superior than similar percentage weight addition of titanium dioxide particles having average particle diameter greater than 0.3 ⁇ m or 300nm.
• the addition amount of the titanium dioxide particles having average particle diameter greater than 0.3 ⁇ m has to be increased.
• the increase in addition levels of the latter will affect abrasion wear in the yarn path of the machines in the post stages of the weaving and finishing process of filament/fabric manufacturing. This is not good for product quality, and will also greatly reduce the life span of the machine used, increase manufacturing cost
• the UPF of the fabric manufactured from the filament having ultraviolet hiding effect of this invention is still higher than 40% as the opening rate of said fabric is 25 %. Therefore, the fabric manufactured from the filament having ultraviolet hiding effect of this invention used in the summer season, which not only have excellent ultraviolet hiding effect, but also get rid of skin aging, sunburn and/or skin cancer. Due to excellent permeability, it will enhance the comfort when wears, such fabrics will be suitable especially for summer activities.
• the present invention comprises the following preferred embodiments:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (7)

• 2003
  • 2003-04-23 EP EP20030009267 patent/EP1471169A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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