EP1466083A1 - Verfahren zur drehrichtungsumkehr bei zweitaktmotoren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur drehrichtungsumkehr bei zweitaktmotorenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1466083A1 EP1466083A1 EP03701471A EP03701471A EP1466083A1 EP 1466083 A1 EP1466083 A1 EP 1466083A1 EP 03701471 A EP03701471 A EP 03701471A EP 03701471 A EP03701471 A EP 03701471A EP 1466083 A1 EP1466083 A1 EP 1466083A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- rotation
- encoder
- sensor
- gap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/02—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for reversing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D37/02—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for one of the functions being ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
- F02P5/1506—Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
- F02P7/06—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle
- F02P7/067—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil
- F02P7/07—Hall-effect pick-up devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reversing the direction of rotation of a two-stroke engine, the speed and crank drive position of which are detected with the aid of a suitable sensor system, the ignition and / or the fuel supply first being switched off to reverse the direction of rotation and when the engine subsequently coasts down when the speed drops below one
- a specific pre-ignition is set at a certain limit speed and after the fuel supply has possibly been resumed, which reverses the direction of rotation of the engine, and subsequently the ignition and the fuel supply are controlled in accordance with the reverse direction of rotation.
- Such a method for reversing the running direction of a two-stroke engine from operation is already known.
- the determination of the direction of rotation, which is necessary for the control is carried out with at least two Hall sensors, and in addition to the determination of the rotational speed, the direction of rotation and position of the crankshaft can also be determined from the chronological sequence of the sensor signals.
- the costs for installing the second sensor which is also to be connected to a control logic, also increase.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for reversing the direction of rotation of a two-stroke engine, which works with only one sensor.
- the object is achieved by a method of the type described in the introduction, in which a single sensor with an incremental encoder with a certain number of encoder segments and distributed uniformly over a circumference a gap interacts and with the help of the encoder segments the instantaneous angular velocity of the crank drive is determined over the circumference and the gap is evaluated to determine the absolute crank drive position, the engine being stopped by the incremental encoder when the engine stops due to the compression and expansion phases of the combustion chamber of the engine Fluctuations in the angular speed of the crank mechanism during one revolution are recorded and assigned to a specific encoder segment and the direction of rotation is determined from the relative angular position of these encoder segments to the gap.
- the method makes use of the cyclical fluctuations in the angular velocity that occur in an engine that runs without ignition and / or fuel supply, which result from the braking of the crank mechanism during the compression phases and a slight re-acceleration during the expansion phases.
- the detection of these fluctuations is made possible by the use of an incremental encoder, the encoder segments of which are provided at a certain angular distance, so that the exact angular velocity can be determined several times during a revolution from the time interval of the triggered signals over the circumference.
- local maxima and minima of the angular velocity occur as an example, which can be assigned to specific encoder segments, for example by counting the pulses since the incremental encoder last passed the gap.
- this provides further information about the angular position of the crank mechanism, the assigned encoder element being a different number of segments away from the gap depending on the direction of rotation of the motor.
- the type of sensor used is irrelevant, both inductive sensors and Hall sensors, which interact, for example, with teeth as sensor segments, or other sensors, for example optically acting sensors. are set, which interact with a perforated disc or the like as an incremental encoder, the gap in this case being a closed hole.
- the position of the ignition and, if applicable, injection times of the fuel supply are preferably re-synchronized with the gap of the incremental encoder. This can be useful in order to compensate for any positioning errors that occur when the direction of rotation is reversed, since the number of pulses triggered by the encoder segments can fluctuate in the forward direction depending on the number of encoder segments that have passed after the pre-ignition due to the inertia of the crank mechanism. As a rule, the synchronization can already take place in the opposite direction during the first revolution.
- the method can be developed in such a way that after the early ignition, after a few sensor signals, an increase in engine speed is expected, if the engine is not switched off, the engine is switched off. If the direction of rotation is successfully reversed, the motor is already accelerated strongly in its new direction of rotation with its first revolution, which can be detected by the sensor with the aid of the incremental encoder. This increase in engine speed, which occurs in the previous direction of rotation if the top dead center is incorrectly exceeded after the early ignition, can be used as a signal for switching off the engine in order to avoid that the engine that is still running forward is stressed by an ignition timing that is completely wrong during the subsequent revolution.
- the method is particularly preferably used in a two-cylinder engine, the cylinders of which are arranged offset by 180 ° on the crank mechanism, with the assignment, ie the activation of the ignition and possibly the fuel injection, between the first and the after the reversal of the direction of rotation the second cylinder is exchanged. It would also be conceivable to change the actuation of the cylinders mathematically, but swapping them has the particular advantage that the gap of the incremental encoder, which is usually arranged approximately 90 ° before top dead center of the first cylinder with respect to the direction of forward rotation, also runs in reverse is relatively small angular distance with respect to the ignition process actually taking place in the second cylinder, which results in advantages in the control.
- the new assignment can be changed after the reversal of the direction of rotation by exchanging pairs of cylinders or, for example in the case of a three-cylinder, the assignment is newly determined with reference to the gap of the incremental encoder.
- a further advantage of the incremental encoder is used in a preferred further development of the method, according to which the number of encoder segments of the incremental encoder passing the sensor is counted after the early ignition has been given, and the motor is switched off when a certain limit number is exceeded.
- This measure which is an alternative or in addition to the detection of the speed increase, can also be used to evaluate whether the reversal of the direction of rotation of the motor was successful.
- the gap of the incremental encoder is usually up to approximately 90 ° before the top dead center of the piston with respect to the Windgrade direction of rotation.
- the early ignition is, for example, preferably approximately 50 ° before top dead center, ie approximately 4 to 5 encoder segments after the gap of the incremental encoder.
- the sensor detects significantly fewer segments until the gap is reached again, even in the event of overshoots due to the inertia of the crank mechanism, than if the dead center is exceeded with a subsequent 270 ° rotation of the incremental encoder. If the gap is detected after a number of sensor pulses in a number approximately equal to a quarter of the total number of encoder segments, a successful reversal of the direction of rotation can be assumed.
- the present invention also relates to a sensor system which enables position detection with the aid of an incremental encoder having sensor segments which are uniformly distributed over the circumference and a sensor.
- a control logic detects cyclic fluctuations in the detected angular velocity during a revolution due to the compression and expansion phases of the at least one combustion chamber of the engine and generates information about the angular position of the crank mechanism by assigning these fluctuations to specific encoder segments of the incremental encoder , With such a sensor system, which is suitable for use in different areas, one can determine the angular position of a crank mechanism.
- the incremental encoder preferably has a gap, which is preferably formed by shortening or recessing two encoder segments, which, in conjunction with the sensor, provides further information about the angular position of the crank mechanism.
- a sensor system enables the assignment of certain gradients of the angular velocity to certain encoder segments and the detection of the gap in addition to a determination of the instantaneous rotation number and a determination of the crank drive division also an exact determination of the direction of rotation, since the angular distance between the determined encoder segment and the gap varies depending on the direction of rotation when the two-stroke engine runs out.
- the gap in the forward running direction of the engine is preferably provided 90 ° in front of the first or only cylinder of the engine in order to enable timely triggering of the ignition pulses during regular running on the one hand and on the other hand also preferably about 50 ° when the direction of rotation is desired to trigger early ignition before top dead center.
- the incremental encoders previously used in the vehicle sector generally have a distribution of 60 teeth over the circumference, the gap generally making up two teeth so that they can be determined with certainty.
- the sensor system according to the invention preferably has only 36 sensor segments distributed over the circumference, preferably teeth, two of which are omitted to form the gap.
- This number of encoder segments has proven to be advantageous for an arrangement on the crankshaft of a two-stroke engine, since with a usual number of 60 teeth the system is subjected to an excessive interrupt load due to the high repetition rate at high speeds.
- the number of approximately 36 encoder segments has proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to reducing the interrupt load on the system on the one hand and adequate resolution over the circumference of the crank mechanism on the other hand.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10201430 | 2002-01-16 | ||
DE10201430A DE10201430A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 | 2002-01-16 | Verfahren zur Drehrichtungsumkehr bei Zweitaktmotoren |
PCT/DE2003/000025 WO2003060300A1 (de) | 2002-01-16 | 2003-01-08 | Verfahren zur drehrichtungsumkehr bei zweitaktmotoren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1466083A1 true EP1466083A1 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
EP1466083B1 EP1466083B1 (de) | 2006-03-29 |
Family
ID=7712262
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03701471A Expired - Lifetime EP1466083B1 (de) | 2002-01-16 | 2003-01-08 | Verfahren zur drehrichtungsumkehr bei zweitaktmotoren |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7171925B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1466083B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4188840B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE321940T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2473439A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10201430A1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO20042659L (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003060300A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2890690B1 (fr) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-11-09 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Sas | Procede de determination de l'inversion du sens de rotation d'un moteur |
DE102008041037A1 (de) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung einer Steuerung für einen Start-Stopp-Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US8091411B2 (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2012-01-10 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for estimating bounce back angle of a stopped engine |
DE102010031095B4 (de) * | 2010-07-08 | 2013-05-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Steuergerät zum Betreiben eines Verbrennungsmotors |
SE540546C2 (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2018-09-25 | Scania Cv Ab | Device for detecting speed of a rotatable element, method and vehicle |
US10513808B2 (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2019-12-24 | Ming-Cheng Chen | Braiding apparatus capable of generating one rope with different braid densities |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4553426A (en) * | 1984-05-23 | 1985-11-19 | Motorola, Inc. | Reference pulse verification circuit adaptable for engine control |
DE3534297A1 (de) | 1985-09-26 | 1987-04-02 | Sachs Systemtechnik Gmbh | Uebertemperatur-schutzeinrichtung fuer eine brennkraftmaschine |
JPS63124863A (ja) * | 1986-11-14 | 1988-05-28 | Komatsu Zenoa Kk | 2サイクルエンジン |
IT1275771B1 (it) | 1995-06-21 | 1997-10-17 | Ducati Energia Spa | Sistema elettronico di accensione con microcontrollore per motori a combustione interna invertibili |
DE19611289A1 (de) | 1996-03-22 | 1997-09-25 | Dolmar Gmbh | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Einspritzventils bei einer schnellaufenden 2-Takt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoffeinspritzung sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
AU3493497A (en) | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-07 | Outboard Marine Corporation | Method and apparatus for detecting rotational direction of two cycle engine |
JP3446807B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-17 | 2003-09-16 | 国産電機株式会社 | 内燃機関の回転方向切換制御方法 |
JP3380734B2 (ja) | 1998-02-02 | 2003-02-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車両用2サイクルエンジンの逆転制御装置 |
DE19820817C2 (de) * | 1998-05-09 | 2001-09-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einrichtung zur Regelung einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine |
JP2000064869A (ja) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-02-29 | Kokusan Denki Co Ltd | 内燃機関用回転方向切替制御方法及び装置 |
JP3598877B2 (ja) * | 1999-05-25 | 2004-12-08 | 国産電機株式会社 | 内燃機関制御装置 |
JP3869198B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-01 | 2007-01-17 | 株式会社ケーヒン | 内燃エンジンの行程判別装置 |
AT4801U3 (de) * | 2001-08-22 | 2002-06-25 | Avl List Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum bereitstellen eines kurbelwinkelbasierten signalverlaufes |
-
2002
- 2002-01-16 DE DE10201430A patent/DE10201430A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-01-08 DE DE50302809T patent/DE50302809D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-08 JP JP2003560367A patent/JP4188840B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-08 WO PCT/DE2003/000025 patent/WO2003060300A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-01-08 AT AT03701471T patent/ATE321940T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-08 CA CA002473439A patent/CA2473439A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-08 US US10/500,674 patent/US7171925B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-08 EP EP03701471A patent/EP1466083B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-06-24 NO NO20042659A patent/NO20042659L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03060300A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2005515345A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
US20050178347A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
ATE321940T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
CA2473439A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
JP4188840B2 (ja) | 2008-12-03 |
DE10201430A1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
EP1466083B1 (de) | 2006-03-29 |
NO20042659L (no) | 2004-06-24 |
WO2003060300A1 (de) | 2003-07-24 |
DE50302809D1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
US7171925B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 |
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