EP1465784A1 - Vehicule muni d'un systeme de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur - Google Patents

Vehicule muni d'un systeme de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur

Info

Publication number
EP1465784A1
EP1465784A1 EP02787934A EP02787934A EP1465784A1 EP 1465784 A1 EP1465784 A1 EP 1465784A1 EP 02787934 A EP02787934 A EP 02787934A EP 02787934 A EP02787934 A EP 02787934A EP 1465784 A1 EP1465784 A1 EP 1465784A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
medium
circuit
valve
heat exchanger
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02787934A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank FRÜHAUF
Klaus Harm
Alfons Rennefeld
Jürgen Wertenbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1465784A1 publication Critical patent/EP1465784A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00907—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant changes and an evaporator becomes condenser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00935—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising four way valves for controlling the fluid direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00961—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising means for defrosting outside heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F25B2313/02533—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements during heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
    • F25B2313/02541—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements during cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
    • F25B2313/02542—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements during defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle with air conditioning and a heat source and a method for heating and cooling a vehicle.
  • a vehicle with a refrigerant circuit in which an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser and a heat exchanger cooled by ambient air are arranged in succession in a sub-circuit assigned to the air conditioning system. Furthermore, an additional heat source is arranged in a second partial circuit, the second partial circuit being arranged parallel to the evaporator.
  • a vehicle with a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a heat exchanger cooled by ambient air, a first part of an internal heat exchanger, a heat exchanger assigned to the vehicle interior and the second part of the internal heat exchanger are arranged in the flow direction are.
  • two switching devices are provided in order to connect the compressor, the heat exchanger assigned to the vehicle interior and a heat exchanger assigned to a heat source in succession in a second switching position.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a vehicle with an air conditioning system and a heat source in which both comfortable climatic conditions and sufficient cooling of the heat sources are made possible at high outside temperatures and a heat deficit can be easily compensated for at low outside temperatures, and a method to specify for heating and cooling the vehicle.
  • the object is achieved for a vehicle by the features of claim 1 and for a method by the features of claim 17.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention is that both cooling of the heat source and air conditioning of the vehicle are made possible with the same medium.
  • a single refrigeration circuit several cooling and / or heating functions can be performed simultaneously, depending on the needs of the individual heat sources and / or heat sinks in the system.
  • the number of cooling circuits in the vehicle is also reduced. Heating can be carried out selectively and as required. It is also possible to easily expand the number of heat consumers in the system at will.
  • the driving performance, in particular of a fuel cell vehicle, at high outside temperatures is improved.
  • the invention is used particularly advantageously in a vehicle with a fuel line system. At low outside temperatures, the range of the vehicle can be increased compared to an electrically heated vehicle by coupling in ambient heat in heat pump operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a basic circuit of a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit of a preferred extended refrigeration cycle for high outside temperatures
  • Fig. 3 shows a basic circuit of a preferred
  • Fig. 4 shows a basic circuit of a preferred extended refrigeration cycle at low outside temperatures.
  • a vehicle according to the invention has an air conditioning system and a heat source which is to be cooled.
  • a heat source can e.g. a charge air cooler of a vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine, in which the heated, compressed air has to be cooled.
  • a particularly preferred vehicle has a fuel cell system as a heat source.
  • the invention is described below with reference to such a vehicle, in which the heat source is at least one component of the fuel cell system to be cooled.
  • the fuel cell system can be used to supply the traction drive or as an auxiliary unit supply for the vehicle.
  • the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell unit with an anode-side supply line for fuel to the fuel cell unit and an anode-side anode exhaust gas line for removing the anode exhaust gas from the fuel cell unit, a cathode-side supply line for oxidizing agent to the fuel cell unit and a cathode-side cathode exhaust line for removing the cathode exhaust gas from the fuel cell unit.
  • the fuel cell system can also have a gas generation system in which a fuel, preferably hydrogen, is generated from a fuel, as is familiar to the person skilled in the field of fuel cell technology.
  • the air conditioning system and at least one component of the fuel cell system are cooled by a media circuit with a common medium and / or heating.
  • the medium in the media circuit is particularly preferably gaseous under normal conditions; carbon dioxide is particularly preferably used as the medium. Normal conditions mean ambient conditions of 1 atmosphere and about 20 ° C.
  • a gaseous medium has the great advantage that the pressure and temperature of the gas can easily be changed over large areas by compressing and relaxing the gas.
  • the medium can also change its state of matter and, for example, change from the gaseous to the liquid state.
  • the large temperature spread enables components to be cooled and heated using the same medium.
  • Carbon dioxide as a medium is particularly suitable for vehicles because it is non-toxic and non-flammable and thus offers a favorable safety standard.
  • FIG. 1 A basic circuit of a preferred media circuit is shown in FIG. 1. Details of the fuel cell system are not shown. The basic circuit shown is particularly suitable for summer operation when cooling in the vehicle is particularly desirable at high outside temperatures.
  • a first branch 1 of the media circuit runs between a junction 5 and a branch 6.
  • the media circuit branches at junction 6 into a first sub-circuit 2 and a second sub-circuit 3, which are merged again at the junction 5.
  • the first sub-circuit 2 is assigned to the fuel cell system and the second sub-circuit 3 to the air conditioning system of the vehicle.
  • a condenser is arranged as component 8 for cooling cathode exhaust air from the fuel cell unit in the cathode exhaust gas line. This condenser 8 is cooled by the medium which flows through the first sub-circuit 2. Process water from the Fuel cell exhaust gas condensed out.
  • cooling the cathode exhaust air is particularly favorable in order to recover process water. This can be returned to the fuel cell system for process gas humidification or for carrying out chemical reactions in a known manner for known purposes.
  • a corresponding component can, however, also be arranged in the anode exhaust gas line.
  • the condensing capacity of the condenser can be regulated more precisely and spontaneously according to the invention.
  • a heat-exchanging component of a gas generation system assigned to the fuel cell system for generating fuel for the fuel cell unit can be flowed through by the medium of the first subcircuit 2 and cooled in this way, preferably a stage for the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide contaminants or other components in which waste heat is generated, that needs to be disposed of.
  • the fuel of the fuel cell unit is flowed through in regions by the medium of the first sub-circuit 2.
  • a compressor 10, a first heat exchanger 11 and a third valve 12 are arranged in succession in the first branch 1 between the junction 5 and the branch 6 in the flow direction of the medium.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is preferably an air cooler in which ambient air flows through and exchanges thermal energy with the medium.
  • the compressor 10 compresses the medium to a high pressure, whereby it heats up accordingly.
  • the medium is cooled in the first heat exchanger 11 and heat is released to the surroundings.
  • the medium then passes through the third valve 12, preferably an open expansion valve.
  • the media mass flow can Depending on the cooling requirement in the sub-circuits 2, 3, divide them up.
  • a first valve 7 is arranged in the first sub-circuit 2 in the flow direction of the medium upstream of the component 8 of the fuel cell system. This relaxes the medium to a predetermined first pressure pl. As a result, the medium is cooled to a first temperature T1.
  • a second valve 9 is arranged downstream of component 8, which relaxes the medium to a second pressure p2. This second pressure corresponds to the pressure of the medium in the second sub-circuit 3 in the area of the junction 5.
  • the medium expanded by the first valve 7 to an intermediate pressure level absorbs heat in the component 8 before it is expanded to the lower pressure p2 by the second valve 9.
  • Valve 7 can be adjustable or a simple, fixed valve.
  • Valve 9 is preferably a controllable valve. If, in addition to valve 9, valve 7 can also be regulated, the cooling capacity at component 8 can be better regulated and regulation of the system can be achieved either at the operating point of maximum efficiency or at the operating point of maximum cooling or heating capacity. This also applies to other heat consumers corresponding to component 8. By means of adjustable valves upstream and downstream of a heat consumer, the cooling capacity can be set specifically for the individual heat consumer.
  • a second heat exchanger 13, a fourth valve 14 and a third heat exchanger 15 are arranged in the second sub-circuit 3, one after the other in the flow direction of the medium, the medium flowing through a first region 13a of the second heat exchanger 13.
  • the medium in the partial circuit 3 then flows between the fourth valve 14 and the junction 5 a second region 13b of the second heat exchanger 13.
  • This second heat exchanger 13 serves as an internal heat exchanger and heats up the medium on the way to the compressor 10 and at the same time cools the medium which enters the second partial circuit 3.
  • the fourth valve 14 preferably an expansion valve, the medium in the inner heat exchanger 13 cools the medium further by relaxing before it passes through the third heat exchanger 15.
  • a preferred temperature level is between 10 ° C and 0 ° C.
  • the third heat exchanger 15 is preferably assigned to the interior of the vehicle. In this third heat exchanger 15, the medium absorbs energy from the supply air to the interior, cools and dries it before it passes the second heat exchanger 13 in the second region 13b for the second time, is overheated there and finally reaches the compressor 10 again.
  • 15 additional heat sources can be connected and cooled parallel to the third heat exchanger.
  • Such a further heat source can be power electronics in the vehicle.
  • the medium can be made available with an appropriate cooling capacity on each additional heat exchanger by means of an upstream expansion valve.
  • the mass flow of the medium through the valve and thus the cooling capacity can be set via the upstream valve and, if necessary, a desired pressure level can be set via a second, downstream valve.
  • valves 9, 12, 14, 14 ⁇ can be regulated, also the valve 7 can be regulated.
  • FIG. 2 Another preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the same elements as in Fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • a flow deflection valve 16 is arranged downstream of the compressor 10 in the direction of flow of the medium.
  • the flow deflection valve 16 connects the first branch 1 to the second sub-circuit 3.
  • the flow deflection valve 16 divides the first branch 1 into two sections 1 a, 1 b and the second sub-circuit 3 into a first section 3 a and a second section 3 b.
  • the first section la of the first branch 1 is the area between the junction 5 and the flow diverting valve 16
  • section 1b is the area between the flow diverting valve 16 and the branch 6.
  • the section 3a of the second sub-circuit 3 is the area between the flow diverting valve 16 and the branch 6 and section 3b is the area between flow deflection valve 16 and the junction 5.
  • the advantage of the flow deflection valve 16 is that it is possible to choose between operating modes and the medium compressed in the compressor 10 can be directed into different parts of the media circuit. This will e.g. heating various components of the vehicle or the fuel cell system is possible.
  • This switch position is preferred if there is an excess of waste heat at lower outside temperatures but when the fuel cell system is warm.
  • supply air can be dehumidified at a relatively low ambient temperature down to around 5 ° C.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 cools the medium to the low outside temperature.
  • the medium is expanded in the fourth valve 14 to temperatures between outside temperature and freezing point in order to dehumidify the supply air.
  • the dried supply air can then be heated to a desired temperature using a heating component. It is advantageous to use excess waste heat from the fuel cell system for heating. Waste heat from other heat sources of the vehicle can also be used.
  • the fourth valve 14 is expediently blocked in order to prevent the third heat exchanger 15 from icing up.
  • excess heat e.g. of the fuel cell system
  • the supply air into the interior e.g. can be easily heated via a heating heat exchanger, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a further preferred arrangement.
  • the same elements are designated with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a heating heat exchanger 17 is assigned to the third heat exchanger 15. Both heat exchangers 5, 17 can be used to heat the interior.
  • the heating heat exchanger 17 can advantageously be integrated into any further cooling circuit of the fuel cell system, so that the heating heat exchanger 17 is acted upon by waste heat from the fuel cell system if the fuel cell system has an excess of heat.
  • the arrangement is particularly suitable for winter operation when there is a heat deficit in the vehicle or during the cold start phase of the fuel cell system.
  • the flow deflection valve 16 is brought into a second switching position, in which the first section 1 a of the first branch 1 connects to the first section 3 a of the second sub-circuit 3 and a second section 1 b of the first branch 1 connects to a second section 3 b of the second sub-circuit 3.
  • region 3b between the junction 5 and the flow deflection valve 16 the medium still flows in the same direction as in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the direction of flow is in section 3a between the branching 6 and the flow deflection valve 16 now reversed.
  • the flow deflection valve 16 is switched in such a way that the hot, compressed medium goes directly to the third heat exchanger 15, which is assigned to the interior of the vehicle, cools there and thereby heats the cold supply air to the interior. Further heat sinks can also be connected and heated parallel to the third heat exchanger 15.
  • a high-temperature coolant circuit of the fuel cell system as a heat sink, which is brought very quickly to the operating temperature. This can advantageously shorten a cold start phase of the fuel cell system.
  • the medium cools further as it passes through the region 13a and finally branches at the branch 6 into the first partial circuit 2 and the first branch 1.
  • the medium in the third valve 12 relaxes to a temperature level below the Ambient temperature and in the first heat exchanger 11 absorbs energy from the environment.
  • the medium returns to the compressor 10 via the flow deflection valve 16 and the second heat exchanger 13.
  • the medium in the first partial circuit 2 is expanded to an intermediate pressure level via the first valve 7 and absorbs heat in the component 8 before it reaches the same pressure level as at the junction 5 in the second valve 9 second sub-circuit 3 is relaxed and comes back to the compressor 10. If dehumidification of the interior is desired, the flow deflection valve 16 can be brought into the first switching position according to FIG. 2 for a short time. The second switching position can then be set again.
  • FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment which is particularly suitable for deicing the first heat exchanger 11 at low outside temperatures.
  • the same elements are designated with the same reference numerals as in Figures 1-3.
  • the air flowing through the first heat exchanger 11 can be cooled to such an extent that it falls below the dew point. Then there is a risk that the first heat exchanger 11 will gradually freeze over and can no longer absorb heat from the surroundings.
  • the first heat exchanger is defrosted by the hot medium compressed by the compressor 10. The medium absorbs heat both after it relaxes at the first valve from the component 8 and in the compressor 10.
  • 4 waste heat from other sources, preferably from, can be in another sub-circuit the power electronics of the vehicle, are integrated into the media cycle.
  • a temperature sensor is preferably assigned to the first heat exchanger 11, which monitors the exceeding of the upper temperature threshold and falling below a lower temperature threshold and selects the switching position of the flow deflection valve 16 depending on the temperature of the air flowing through the first heat exchanger 11.
  • the fourth valve 14 is expediently closed, so that no thermal energy is withdrawn from the medium via the third heat exchanger 15. This advantageously shortens the defrost phase.
  • the supply air is heated via the heating heat exchanger 17, which e.g. can be integrated in a high-temperature coolant circuit of the fuel cell system.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 can be arranged in the area of the rear of the vehicle. If a conventional air-cooled high-temperature coolant circuit is provided for the fuel cell system, its heat exchanger is usually located in the vehicle cooler area and is exposed to the wind. If the heat exchanger 11 of the air conditioning system is arranged in front of this cooler by air hydraulics, then both the heat dissipation of the air conditioning system and the air flow resistance through the heat exchanger 11 deteriorate the heat dissipation at the heat exchanger of the high temperature Coolant circuit. This problem is eliminated if the heat exchanger 11 can be moved to the rear of the vehicle.
  • a medium can be used in parallel sub-circuits 2, 3, 4 for cooling and / or heating components of a fuel cell system and a cooling device and / or a heating device of a vehicle interior.
  • the permeability of the second valve 9 and / or the first valve 7 can be set as a function of a desired heating or cooling output in the first sub-circuit 2, a temperature level for cooling a heat-exchanging component 15, 15 in the second and / or further sub-circuit 3, 4 ⁇ can be adjusted by a valve position of one of the heat-exchanging components upstream of the valve 14, 14.
  • a needs-based recovery of process water in the exhaust air condenser 8 in continuous part-load operation of the refrigeration system is considerably more economical in energy terms than a clocked on / off cooling operation.
  • the refrigeration system can be switched off together with its auxiliary units. The electrical power released is then fully available to the electric traction motor or other components. This strategy is beneficial if there is a sufficient supply of process water for the fuel cell system during the interrupted cooling operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un véhicule muni d'un système de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur. Un circuit de substance sollicite le système de climatisation et la source de chaleur avec une substance commune pour refroidir et/ou chauffer. Des moyens pour détendre et comprimer la substance sont prévus dans le circuit de substance. Une première branche du circuit de substance s'étend entre une jonction et une ramification et le circuit de substance se divise, au niveau de la ramification, en un premier circuit partiel associé à la source de chaleur et en un second circuit partiel associé au système de climatisation, lesdits circuits partiels se regroupant à nouveau au niveau de la jonction. Il est prévu dans la première branche, entre la jonction et la ramification, un compresseur et un premier échangeur de chaleur, refroidi par l'air ambiant. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé pour tempérer le véhicule.
EP02787934A 2002-01-18 2002-12-11 Vehicule muni d'un systeme de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur Withdrawn EP1465784A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10201741A DE10201741A1 (de) 2002-01-18 2002-01-18 Fahrzeug mit einer Klimatisierung und einer Wärmequelle
DE10201741 2002-01-18
PCT/EP2002/014058 WO2003059664A1 (fr) 2002-01-18 2002-12-11 Vehicule muni d'un systeme de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1465784A1 true EP1465784A1 (fr) 2004-10-13

Family

ID=7712441

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02787934A Withdrawn EP1465784A1 (fr) 2002-01-18 2002-12-11 Vehicule muni d'un systeme de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20050039959A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1465784A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005514261A (fr)
DE (1) DE10201741A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003059664A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004045124B4 (de) * 2004-09-17 2007-10-18 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zum Klimatisieren eines Raums
JP2007280927A (ja) * 2005-12-12 2007-10-25 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料電池の冷却システム
US20080209930A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2008-09-04 Taras Michael F Heat Pump with Pulse Width Modulation Control
DE102006015572A1 (de) * 2006-02-06 2007-08-09 Nucellsys Gmbh Verdichtungsvorrichtung für einen Brennstoffzellenstapel
JP4923810B2 (ja) * 2006-07-24 2012-04-25 株式会社デンソー 燃料電池システム
DE102006046114B4 (de) * 2006-09-28 2012-02-02 Airbus Operations Gmbh Kühlanordnung zur Kühlung eines Wärmekörpers für ein Luftfahrzeug
DE102006053674A1 (de) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-15 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Regelung einer Kraftfahrzeug-Klimaanlage mit mindestens zwei Verdampfern
DE102007006963A1 (de) 2007-02-13 2008-08-14 Daimler Ag Brennstoffzellensystem für ein Fahrzeug
DE102008035216A1 (de) * 2008-04-19 2009-10-22 Daimler Ag Kühlanordnung und Verfahren zum Kühlen eines temperaturempfindlichen Aggregats eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102008024219A1 (de) * 2008-05-19 2009-11-26 Enerday Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen einer Reinigungsflüssigkeit
DE102009039364A1 (de) * 2009-08-29 2011-03-03 Daimler Ag Fahrzeug mit wenigstens einem Kühlkreislauf zum Kühlen eines Brennstoffzellensystems
DE102010042127B4 (de) 2010-10-07 2020-09-17 Audi Ag Kältemittelkreislauf einer Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102010042122B4 (de) * 2010-10-07 2019-02-28 Audi Ag Kühlvorrichtung eines Fahrzeuges
FR2976224B1 (fr) * 2011-06-08 2013-05-31 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Systeme de conditionnement thermique d'un habitacle et d'une batterie electrique
DE102012100525A1 (de) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Visteon Global Technologies Inc. Kraftfahrzeugkältemittelkreislauf mit einer Kälteanlagen- und einer Wärmepumpenschaltung
DE102011118162C5 (de) 2011-11-10 2020-03-26 Audi Ag Kombinierte Kälteanlage und Wärmepumpe und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Anlage mit funktionsabhängiger Kältemittelverlagerung innerhalb des Kältemittelkreislaufes
DE102014224380A1 (de) 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum prädiktiven Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einem Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102015208438A1 (de) * 2015-05-06 2016-11-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Temperierungsvorrichtung für eine Batterie und einen Fahrzeuginnenraum, Verfahren zur Temperierung einer Batterie und eines Fahrzeuginnenraumes mit einer solchen Temperierungsvorrichtung und Verwendung einer solchen Temperierungsvorrichtung
US9617719B2 (en) * 2015-08-18 2017-04-11 Water Generating Systems I, Llc Integrated air conditioning and water-harvesting with demand-dependent cooling-load regulation
DE102015014781B4 (de) 2015-11-14 2023-06-15 Cellcentric Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug
WO2018029817A1 (fr) * 2016-08-10 2018-02-15 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération
CN107160972B (zh) * 2017-06-19 2023-05-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种电动汽车、电动汽车热泵空调总成及其控制方法
FR3071911B1 (fr) * 2017-10-04 2019-11-08 Renault S.A.S Systeme de climatisation multi-evaporateurs a deux niveaux de pression, notamment pour vehicule automobile
DE102018210190A1 (de) 2018-06-22 2019-12-24 Audi Ag Kombinierter Kühlkreis für eine Brennstoffzelle
KR20200129492A (ko) * 2019-05-08 2020-11-18 엘지전자 주식회사 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템 및 그 제어방법
CN112577213A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2021-03-30 杭州三花研究院有限公司 热管理系统
DE102020107652A1 (de) 2020-03-19 2021-09-23 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Abtauen eines als Luftwärmepumpe betriebenen äußeren Wärmeübertragers einer Kälteanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Kälteanlage und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Kälteanlage
CN113733858B (zh) * 2021-09-27 2023-06-06 佛山仙湖实验室 一种氢燃料电池和动力电池混合动力汽车热管理系统
DE102022210957A1 (de) 2022-10-17 2024-04-18 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Temperiereinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3333012A1 (de) * 1983-09-13 1985-03-28 Carl Heinrich 3578 Schwalmstadt Schmitt Verfahren und vorrichtung zur versorgung eines verbrauchers mit klimatisierungsluft und gleichzeitig eines anderen verbrauchers mit tiefkuehlenergie
US4683725A (en) * 1984-07-31 1987-08-04 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Air conditioner for automotive vehicles capable of cooling intake air supplied to an internal combustion engine
DE4304076C2 (de) * 1993-02-11 1996-03-07 Behr Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Heizen des Fahrgastraumes eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE19644583B4 (de) * 1996-10-26 2004-12-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Fahrzeugklimaanlage mit mehreren Kondensatoren und/oder Verdampfern
DE19806654A1 (de) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-19 Obrist Engineering Gmbh Klimaanlage für Fahrzeuge
FR2779215B1 (fr) * 1998-05-28 2000-08-04 Valeo Climatisation Circuit de climatisation utilisant un fluide refrigerant a l'etat supercritique, notamment pour vehicule
DE19911016C2 (de) * 1999-03-12 2001-07-26 Daimler Chrysler Ag Brennstoffzellensystem mit kathodenseitigen Wasserabtrennmitteln
FR2805926B1 (fr) * 2000-03-03 2002-10-11 Renault Dispositif de gestion thermique d'un vehicule equipe d'une pile a combustible
FR2806039B1 (fr) * 2000-03-10 2002-09-06 Valeo Climatisation Dispositif de climatisation de vehicule comportant un echangeur de chaleur polyvalent
DE10152233A1 (de) 2001-10-20 2003-05-08 Daimler Chrysler Ag Brennstoffzellensystem

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03059664A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2005514261A (ja) 2005-05-19
WO2003059664A1 (fr) 2003-07-24
DE10201741A1 (de) 2003-08-07
US20050039959A1 (en) 2005-02-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1465784A1 (fr) Vehicule muni d'un systeme de climatisation et d'une source de chaleur
DE102010042127B4 (de) Kältemittelkreislauf einer Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE112016005644B4 (de) Kühlkreislaufvorrichtung
DE102009060860B4 (de) Klimatisierungssystem für ein Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Temperieren
EP1264715B2 (fr) Système de refroidissement d'un véhicule pour un dispositif d'augmentation de la température et méthode pour le refroidissement du dispositif d'augmentation de la température
DE102019125197A1 (de) Wärmepumpensystem für ein fahrzeug
DE102019109796A1 (de) Wärmestrommanagementvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmestrommanagementvorrichtung
EP1961592B1 (fr) Climatisation pour véhicule
DE60224066T2 (de) Vorrichtung zur thermischen regelung von kraftfahrzeugen
EP0991536B1 (fr) Conditionneur d'air pour vehicule et son utilisation
DE102018118118A1 (de) Klimatisierungssystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Klimatisierungssystems
DE102013110224A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102007035110A1 (de) Klimaanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge und Verfahren zu ihrem Betrieb
DE102013206630A1 (de) Kühl- und Heizsystem für ein Elektro- oder Hybrid-Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines derartigen Kühl- und Heizsystems
DE102008035216A1 (de) Kühlanordnung und Verfahren zum Kühlen eines temperaturempfindlichen Aggregats eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102020107111A1 (de) Wärmepumpenanordnung für Fahrzeuge mit einem Fahrzeugkabinenheizkreislauf und einem Batterieheizkreislauf
DE102017109309A1 (de) Klimatisierungssystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Klimatisierungssystems
DE102020117471B4 (de) Wärmepumpenanordnung mit indirekter Batterieerwärmung für batteriebetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpenanordnung
EP2287952B1 (fr) Dispositif de régulation
EP3609725B1 (fr) Procédé de dégivrage d'un échangeur de chaleur côté air extérieur d'un système de climatisation de véhicule automobile muni d'une pompe à chaleur
DE102020111505B4 (de) Wärmepumpenanordnung für batteriebetriebene Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpenanordnung
EP1472106B1 (fr) Installation de climatisation ayant une fonction chauffage et son mode de fonctionnement
DE102018122675A1 (de) Thermisches System eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Betreiben des thermischen Systems
DE102018114762A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102005005430A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Klimaanlage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20040626

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20060317