EP1461305A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von quartärsalzphenolatslösungen und zur regenerierung und rückführung von quartärsalzphenolatlösungen aus reaktionsgemischen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von quartärsalzphenolatslösungen und zur regenerierung und rückführung von quartärsalzphenolatlösungen aus reaktionsgemischenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1461305A1 EP1461305A1 EP02799065A EP02799065A EP1461305A1 EP 1461305 A1 EP1461305 A1 EP 1461305A1 EP 02799065 A EP02799065 A EP 02799065A EP 02799065 A EP02799065 A EP 02799065A EP 1461305 A1 EP1461305 A1 EP 1461305A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- quaternary
- salts
- organic
- bis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/82—Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C209/86—Separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C277/00—Preparation of guanidine or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C277/06—Purification or separation of guanidine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for preparing solutions of a Quartärkations and an anion from a deprotonated hydroxyaromatic compounds in an organic solvent by a reactive distillation of a quaternary salt in the presence of an aqueous hydroxide of a hydroxyaromatic and an organic solvent, and a process for returning Quartärsalzphenolatlö- 'solutions from reaction mixtures.
- Salts from quaternary cations and anions from deprotonated hydroxyaromatics can be used in a number of organic reactions as bases, catalysts or reaction components. Since such salts are not commercially available and their starting materials are relatively expensive, methods are required on the one hand to synthesize these salts and on the other hand to recover them from reaction mixtures. ,
- this process has the disadvantage that sodium phenolate is produced and that phenol has to be distilled off in an energy-intensive manner, and on the other hand that the sodium bromide which is possibly formed as a very fine-crystalline precipitate may be difficult to separate off. It is therefore desirable to develop a simpler, less complex method.
- Another task relates to the recovery of quaternary cationphenolate salts from reaction mixtures. The process should therefore also offer the possibility of working up reaction mixtures in such a way that the quaternary cation phenolate solutions can be recycled again. While working on this task, a reactive distillation process was found, in which surprisingly low sodium quaternary salt phenolate solutions can be obtained.
- the invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of organic solutions of salts (Q n + ) P [CO) p -R] n from a quaternary cation (Q n + ) and a hydroxyaromatic compound (R- (OH) p ), characterized in that an aqueous solution of a hydroxide M r + (OH " ) r with at least one quaternary salt (Q n + ) m (Y m" ) n, R- (OH) p and at least one which is not completely miscible with water
- Solvent is brought into contact, then water is removed by partially distilling the mixture, and finally a precipitated salt is separated off, giving an organic solution which is low in water to anhydrous and contains (Q n + ) [r ⁇ ) P -R] n .
- water-poor to water-free means a water content of up to 2% by weight, preferably up to 0.5% by weight and particularly preferably up to 0.2% by weight.
- Another object of the invention is a method for working up
- one or more organic solvents can be implemented as follows:
- the associated quaternary cation Q n + is typically compounds of the
- Ammonium, guanidinium, phosphonium, sulfonium and sulfoxonium ions are suitable for use in the process according to the invention, which as organic radicals are C 6 -C 18 -aryl, C - C 18 -aralkyl or C to C 2 o- Possess alkyl radicals.
- the radicals can all be the same or different and themselves substituted. Two substituent radicals can be replaced by a ring, if necessary also
- quaternary cations can be used.
- the following ions are cited as examples: tetramethylammonium, tetra-n-ethylammonium, tetra-n-propylammonium, tetra-n-butylammonium, di-n-decyldimethylammonium, di-n-octadecyldimethylammonium, tri-n-decyl-methylammonium, N-methyl-N-decyhnorpholinium, N-methyl-N-ethylpyrrolidinium, N- (2-hydroxy-ethyl) N-ethylpiperidinium, Benzyltributylammomum, phenyltrimethylammonium, tetraphenylammonium, Tetramethylphhosphom 'to, tetra-n-ethylphosphonium, tetra-n-propylphosphonium ,
- Tetraalammonium ions, telxaphenylammonium ions, tetraalkylphosphonium ions, tetraphenylphosphonium ions and hexaalkylguanidinium ions are preferably used.
- Tetrabutylammonium, tetrabutylphosphoium or tetraphenylphosphonium ions are particularly preferably used.
- the counter anion Y m "of the quaternary cations can, for example, be halides, nitrates, sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, phosphates, hydrogen phosphates, dihydrogen phosphates, tetrafluoroborates, perchlorates, carboxylates, or hexafluorophosphates.
- the letter m stands for a natural one A number of mixtures of different anions are possible, preference being given to halides, particularly preferably bromide.
- Hexaalkylguanidinium halides, tetraalkylammonium halides and tetraarylphosphonium halides are preferred, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetraphenylphosphonium bromide and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide are particularly preferred.
- the amount of such a quaternary salt can be, for example, 0.01-30% by weight, based on the weight of the reaction mixture. This amount is preferably 0.5-15% by weight, particularly preferably 1-5% by weight.
- Aryl, C 7 -C 18 aralkyl, -C 18 alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine or bromine may have.
- the alkyl, aryl and aralkyl substituents themselves can also be substituted or carry functional groups such as ether, thioether, keto, epoxy groups, halogens, heterocyclic rings.
- Aromatic substituent rings can be fused or bridged, several residual radicals can be linked to form cycles.
- Examples are monohydroxy compounds such as phenol, o-, m- or p-cresol, o-, m- or p-chlorophenol, o-, m- or p-ethylphenol, o-, m- or p-propylphenol, o-, m - or p-tert-butylphenol, o-, m- or p-isooctylphenol o-, m- or p-stearylphenol, o-, m- or p-phenylphenol, o-, m- or p-cyclohexylphenol, o-, m- or p-methoxyphenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol or di- or polyhydroxy compounds such as resorcinol and hydroquinone, and bisphenols such as 2, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl
- Aromatic hydroxy compounds can also be used. Monohydroxy compounds are preferably used, and phenol is particularly preferred. Individual substances or mixtures of substances are used as organic solvents which are only partially miscible with water and which are inert to the substances used. Solvents with a boiling point between approximately 40 and 200 ° C. are preferred, particularly preferably solvents with a boiling point between approximately 100 and 160 ° C. Solvents which form azeotropic mixtures with water are also preferred.
- the inert solvent can be present in the mixture in a proportion of 1-99% by weight, preferably 20-98% by weight, particularly preferably 40-98% by weight, based on R- (OH) p .
- hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic solvents such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene, benzene, toluene, the xylenes, anisole, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, methylene chloride, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane, dipolar aprotic solvents such as dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, N-methylpyrrolidone , Esters, ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, t-butyl methyl ether and etherified glycols, chlorobenzene is particularly preferably used.
- aromatic solvents such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, fluorobenzene, benzene, toluene, the xylenes, anisole, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, methylene chloride, chloroform or 1,2-dichloroethane
- Preferred, particularly preferred or very particularly preferred are embodiments which include the parameters, compounds, definitions and explanations mentioned under preferred, particularly preferred or very particularly preferred
- r + (OH " ) r can be added to the ex- traction mixture can be metered in as an aqueous solution or suspension, alternatively it can be added as a solid together with water, the former being preferred. A solution of M r + (OH " ) r which is as highly concentrated as possible is preferably used.
- a process is preferred in which the aqueous phase has a pH greater than about 9, particularly preferably greater than about 11, very particularly preferably greater than about 12.5, before carrying out the reactive distillation.
- (Q n + ) m (Y m ⁇ ) n can be converted to a 1 to 99.9% to (Q n + ) P [(O) pR] n . Incomplete sales may well be desirable, e.g. B. if (Q n + ) m (Y m " ) n acts in a subsequent reaction as a phase transfer catalyst or conducting salt.
- the invention therefore also relates to organic solutions which both (Q n + ) P [( ⁇ 0) P -R] n a ⁇ s also contain (Q n + ) m (Y m " ) n.
- the ratio of hydroxide M r + (OH “ ) r / (Q n + ) m (Y m" ) n can, depending on the desired ratio of (Q n + ) P [(O) pR] n and (Q n + ) m (Y m " ) n in the organic phase are approximately 0.05 [m / r] - to 1.2 [m / r]. As the ratio increases, the amount of (Q n + ) P [r ⁇ ) p -R] n formed increases if there is an excess of R- (OH) p .
- a ratio of approximately 1 [m / r] may be sufficient for almost complete conversion. Larger ratios then lead to an undesirably higher M r + content of the organic solution.
- M r + (OH " ) r should initially be equal to or greater than l- [r / p], preferably greater than about 1.1- [r / p], particularly preferably greater than about 3.1- [r / p].
- a precipitate is formed which in most cases consists of (M r + ) m (Y m " ) r , but may also contain other metals contained in the reaction mixture or species generated by deprotonation of Y m" .
- This rainfall can be separated from the organic solution by the methods known to those skilled in the art for separating liquids from solids, such as filtering, suction filtering, decanting, sedimenting, centrifuging, etc. Since it accumulates as sediment in the bottom of the distillation apparatus, it can be removed batchwise or continuously. For example, a side stream withdrawn from the bottom of the still may suspend the salt. The stream is then fed back through a filter and free of solids into the column.
- the M r + content of the solutions prepared by the process according to the invention is less than about 50 mg / kg. Solutions which have an M r + content of less than about 10 mg / kg are preferred, particularly preferably organic solutions with an M r + content of less than about 5 mg / kg.
- the process can be carried out in such a way that the stream is divided and only part or all of the stream is converted to regenerate the base.
- the entire stream can also be reacted with an amount of M r + (OH " ) r required for the desired amount of phenolate. Since it was surprisingly found that under substoichiometry, ie ratios of M r + (OH " ) r / (Q n + ) m (Y m " ) n smaller than l- [mr], the reaction takes place almost quantitatively with the M r + (OH " ) r amount, the desired quaternary salt phenolate amount can be set relatively easily.
- the organic solutions obtained still contain a certain residual moisture after the reactive determination. If they are to be used in reactions in which water is very disruptive, they may have to be dried further before further use.
- the methods known to the person skilled in the art such.
- Concentration of the solvent, removal of R- (OH) p , removal of the residual metal content, for example by ion exchange or precipitation, evaporation, precipitation or recrystallization of the (Q n + ) p [CO) p -R] r ⁇ salts. can also be done before being returned to the reaction.
- a precipitate is obtained which contains the converted part of the Y m " . If it is a valuable anion, such as, for example, PF 6 " or bromide, it may be useful to also use this anion z.
- metal salts such as those which can be present as catalyst components in the reaction mixture, can also be precipitated and separated off in this reactive distillation, which enables them to be worked up expediently for ecological or economic reasons.
- the ratios of organic to aqueous M r + (OH “ ) r phase and thus, via the necessary stoichiometry, the concentration of the M r + (OH " ) r phase should be chosen as large as possible in order to avoid unnecessary distillation efforts when removing the water.
- the use for highly concentrated solutions, on the other hand, the precipitation of M r + lead (OH ") r, which is generally undesirable, since it slows down the reaction considerably Preferably therefore mass ratios of organic to aqueous phase from about. 5: 1 to 'about 200: 1, particularly preferably about 10: 1 to 150: 1.
- the ratio of hydroxide M r + (OH " ) r / (Q n + ) m (Y m" ) n used can, depending on the desired ratio of (Q n + ) P [CO) P -R] nud (Q n + ) m (Y m " ) n in the organic phase are approximately 0.01 - [m / r] to 1.2- [m / r]. As the ratio increases, the amount of (Q n + ) p [CO) p -R formed increases ] n , provided there is a sufficient amount of R- (OH) p . A ratio of about l- [m / r] may be sufficient for almost complete conversion.
- ratios M r + (OH “ ) r / (Q n + ) m (Y m “ ) n from about 0.1 - [m / r] to 1.1 - [m / r]. Larger ratios then lead to a mostly undesirable higher M r + content of the organic solution and to a high loss of R- (OH) p .
- R- (OH) p for product formation; Excess R- (OH) p surprisingly facilitates the preparation of the solutions.
- the method can be used in a large number of reactions, reactions in which R- (OH) p is used as starting material are preferred. Reactions in which the reaction product is an organic ester, for example an ester of R- (OH) p , are also preferred. Esters of are particularly preferred
- Carbonic acid with R- (OH) p e.g. B. diphenyl carbonate.
- the M r + content of the solutions prepared by the process according to the invention is less than about 500 mg / kg. Solutions that have an M r + -
- a third subject of the invention is a process for the selective production of organic solutions of salts (Q n + ) p [fO) p -R] "and (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m” ) ", since it was surprisingly found that in a mixture of two quaternary salts (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m “ ) n and (Q n + ) s (Y (2) s -)" very selective (Q n + ) S (Y (2) S ' ) "Can be reacted with the hydroxide M r + (OH " ) r .
- the invention therefore also relates to a process for the preparation of organic solutions of salts (Q n + ) P [CO) pR] n and (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m “ ) n, from a quaternary cation (Q n + ) and a hydroxyaromatic (R- (OH) p ), characterized in that an aqueous solution of a hydroxide M r + (OH " ) r , with at least two different quaternary salts (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m" ) "and (Q n + ) s (Y (2) s " ) ⁇ and at least one solvent which is not completely miscible with water
- organic solutions can be prepared which contain (Q ⁇ + ) p [CO) p -R] ", (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m” ) n and (Q n + ) S ( Y (2) S “ )", the molar ratio (Q n + ) m (Y (1) m " ) n / (Q n + ) s (Y (2) s" ) n increasing significantly compared to the initial ratio can.
- Another option is to produce solutions that have almost no (Q n + ) s (Y (2) s " ) n and only from the quaternary salts (Q n + ) p [r ⁇ ) p -R] n and (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m ⁇ ) n. Almost the • total amount of (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m " ) n used remains unreacted in the organic solution or part of the (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m “ ) n can also be converted with M r + (Oir) r to (Q n + ) P [CO) P -R]".
- (Q n + ) m (Y (l) m " ) n and (Q n + ) s (Y (2) s" ) n are two different elements from the set of (Q n + ) m (Y m " ) n defined compounds, where m, n and s are natural numbers which may be the same or different. m is preferably smaller than s.
- a preferred combination Y (l) m “ & Y (2) s" are halide (X-) &
- the process for the selective quaternary salt phenolate production can also be used advantageously in the processing of reaction mixtures.
- reactions which require, for example, an organically soluble bromide source and phenolate base
- the loss of phenolate can be compensated for by the process according to the invention.
- the distillations according to the invention can be carried out in one step, in several steps or continuously. Continuous distillation is usually preferred.
- the production and / or work-up processes according to the invention are carried out at a temperature of -10 to 200 ° C, preferably 10 to 130 ° C, particularly preferably 20 to 90 ° C, and at a pressure of 0.001 to 20 bar, preferably 0.005 to 10 bar , particularly preferably from 0.01 to 5 bar.
- Tetrabutylammonium bromide (Q n + ) m (Y ⁇ ) n) breaks down into
- Tributylamine and butyl bromide which are detected. From the ratio of tributylamine to butyl bromide, the ratio of tetrabutylammonium phenolate (TBAP, to be calculated for tetrabutylammonium bromide.
- TBAP tetrabutylammonium phenolate
- the filtrate has a water content of 0.07% (Karl Fischer titration) and a sodium content of 4.5 mg / kg.
- the composition of the quaternary salts according to GC is about 41% by weight> tetrabutylammonium bromide and 59% by weight tetrabutylammonium phenolate.
- the filtrate has a water content of 0.07% (Karl Fischer titration) and a sodium content of 470 mg / kg.
- the composition of the quaternary salts according to GC is about 10% by weight of tetrabutylammonium bromide and 90% by weight of tetrabutylammonium phenolate.
- the filtrate has a sodium content of 29 mg / kg.
- the composition of the quaternary salts according to GC is 40% by weight of tetrabutylammonium bromide and 60% by weight of tetrabutylammonium phenolate.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10164144A DE10164144A1 (de) | 2001-12-27 | 2001-12-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Quartärsalzphenolatlösungen und zur Regenerierung und Rückführung von Quartärsalzphenolatlösungen aus Reaktionsgemischen |
| DE10164144 | 2001-12-27 | ||
| PCT/EP2002/014616 WO2003055845A1 (de) | 2001-12-27 | 2002-12-20 | Verfahren zur herstellung von quartärsalzphenolatlösungen und zur regenerierung und rückführung von quartärsalzphenolatlösungen aus reaktionsgemischen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1461305A1 true EP1461305A1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=7710990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02799065A Withdrawn EP1461305A1 (de) | 2001-12-27 | 2002-12-20 | Verfahren zur herstellung von quartärsalzphenolatslösungen und zur regenerierung und rückführung von quartärsalzphenolatlösungen aus reaktionsgemischen |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6992222B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1461305A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2005513153A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20040076265A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1608048A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2002364292A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10164144A1 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW200306972A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003055845A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5030757A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-07-09 | Ethyl Corporation | Phase transfer catalyst recovery |
| US5756843A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 1998-05-26 | General Electric Company | Quaternary bisphenolates, methods for their preparation, and uses thereof |
| DE19858967C1 (de) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-13 | Bayer Ag | Flüssige Formulierung von Tetrabutylammoniumphenolat |
| DE19961520A1 (de) | 1999-12-20 | 2001-06-21 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phosphoniumphenolaten |
-
2001
- 2001-12-27 DE DE10164144A patent/DE10164144A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-12-16 US US10/320,011 patent/US6992222B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-12-20 AU AU2002364292A patent/AU2002364292A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-12-20 WO PCT/EP2002/014616 patent/WO2003055845A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-12-20 JP JP2003556378A patent/JP2005513153A/ja active Pending
- 2002-12-20 CN CNA028261038A patent/CN1608048A/zh active Pending
- 2002-12-20 EP EP02799065A patent/EP1461305A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-20 KR KR10-2004-7010033A patent/KR20040076265A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-12-26 TW TW091137399A patent/TW200306972A/zh unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03055845A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20040076265A (ko) | 2004-08-31 |
| US6992222B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
| TW200306972A (en) | 2003-12-01 |
| US20030139626A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
| WO2003055845A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
| JP2005513153A (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
| AU2002364292A1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
| DE10164144A1 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
| CN1608048A (zh) | 2005-04-20 |
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