EP1457599B1 - Method for constructing a railroad level-crossing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention generally relates to a method of making a walkable platform type track. A walkable platform-type lane in the sense of the present invention is a traffic lane comprising at least one rail integrated in one or more lining plates and capable of accommodating automobile-type road vehicles in addition to vehicles intended to use the rail. . The method of the present invention can be applied to the realization of all concrete channels type walkable platform. In particular, the method of the present invention can be applied to the construction of railroad tracks for trams, level crossings crossing a railway, circulable routes inside deposits. The method of the present invention can also be applied to the realization of washing areas on railways or rail tunnel ways when road access must be possible.

Circumable tramway platforms are known. These are usually made of two rails and a coating and are subject to various mechanical stresses. The rails support the load of the trams and transmit it to a foundation slab, the covers fill the space between the level of the foundation slab and the high level of the rails and can create in some cases a traffic plan.

A first method of producing a circulating platform type circulation lane has been described. The first step of this process is to attach rails to a foundation slab by fasteners. The use of fasteners provides a satisfactory performance of the rails but presents difficulties during the implementation of the method.

Two particular cases of this process can be distinguished. First, the fasteners can be associated with a saddle, their holding being provided by the concrete of the foundation slab. In this case the installation of the rails and the slab of foundation must intervene simultaneously which poses difficulties of implementation. This process causes multiple difficulties to protect the insulating elements under platform, set up reinforcement and maintain the device accurately during casting. To these difficulties, is also added the requirement not to mechanically stress the rails and the foundation slab during the setting of the concrete forming the slab and until it reaches sufficient strength.

The fasteners described above can also be integrated into prefabricated sleepers. In this case, the difficulties of implementing the method come from the precise adjustment of the spacing of the rails, the position of the track and its rigorous maintenance during the placement of the concrete. Furthermore, the track does not support stress during the setting of the concrete and until it reaches a sufficient strength, which lengthens the duration of the sites.

The second step of the known method for producing a circulating platform type circulation lane consists in covering the foundation slab with a coating whose upper part will be at the same level as the upper part of the rail. This achievement step also poses difficulties because the compatibility of the coating with the presence of the fasteners is difficult to achieve. Indeed, the thickness of the coating must be reduced at each fastener, which can increase the fragility of the coating at the fasteners. In addition the coating must be deposited to allow the execution of controls on the structure of the fasteners and to carry out their maintenance.

A second method of making a circulating platform type circulation lane has been described. This method consists in carrying out a coating of the rail. The coating of the rail can be carried out before the installation of the site. The coating product is bonded to the rail and the holding of the assembly in a setting concrete is ensured by the recesses. the outer profile of the rail coating. This method has several disadvantages. In particular, the concrete having no adhesion on the coating, it must be reassembled on both sides of the rail which limits the architectural possibilities. Furthermore, the track must be kept in place during the implementation of the concrete and does not support stress during the setting of concrete and until it reaches sufficient strength, which extends the duration of the sites.

In order to reduce the duration of construction sites, an evolution of this type of laying has been developed by prefabricating lengths of rail embedded in concrete or by prefabricating complete track panels. Difficulties exist when implementing such a laying method. Difficulties arise from the complexity of the prefabrication which incorporates many materials, the value of the prefabricated product stock, the difficulty of the precise adjustment of heavy and rigid elements which must be kept in place during the implementation of the concrete. In addition, the concrete does not support stress during setting and until it reaches sufficient strength.

Another manufacturing method has been developed, it consists in casting a wedging product around the rail placed in position. In this process, the adhesion to metal and concrete is ensured by the establishment of a primer, but it is necessary to previously make a groove in which is placed the rail. The geometric tolerances must be as close as possible to the positioning tolerances of the rail, which makes it difficult to achieve and requires oversizing of the groove.

A production method has also been described in the application DE19519745 filed May 30, 1995. This process consists in casting a concrete around a rail, and finish the realization of the traffic lane by fixing the rail in functional position. In this process, adhesion the metal and concrete is ensured by the establishment of a primer, but it is necessary to previously make a groove in which is placed the rail. The geometric tolerances must be as close as possible to the positioning tolerances of the rail, which makes it difficult to achieve and requires oversizing of the groove.

It would therefore be desirable to have a method of making a traffic lane remedying the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular that allows to achieve a structure capable of withstanding mechanical stresses, to adapt to aesthetic requirements and to integrate into a construction program in urban areas with heavy traffic, which requires speed of execution and discretion of means on site.

1. a. la pose du ou des rails sur une dalle de fondation (2) ;
2. b. l'enrobage d'une partie inférieure de chaque rail (1) avec un matériau formant un socle (3) fixant chaque rail (1) dans sa position fonctionnelle préétablie à la dalle de fondation (2), de sorte qu'une partie supérieure du rail saille au-dessus d'une surface supérieure du socle (3) ;
3. c. la pose d'au moins une dalle de revêtement (4) ayant une surface supérieure, une surface inférieure et des surfaces latérales, en appui sur au moins une partie de la surface supérieure dudit socle (3), de sorte que la paroi latérale de la dalle de revêtement (4) en regard de la partie supérieure saillante du rail (1) forme avec cette dernière une chambre de coulage (5) ; et
4. d. le coulage dans cette chambre (5) d'une composition d'enrobage.

The above objects are achieved according to the invention by a method of producing a traffic lane comprising at least one rail consisting of a foot and a head joined by an intermediate portion, comprising the following steps:

1. at. laying the track or rails on a foundation slab (2);
2. b. the coating of a lower part of each rail (1) with a material forming a base (3) fixing each rail (1) in its pre-established functional position to the foundation slab (2), so that an upper part rail protrudes above an upper surface of the base (3);
3. vs. laying at least one facing slab (4) having an upper surface, a lower surface and side surfaces, resting on at least a portion of the upper surface of said pedestal (3), so that the side wall of the facing slab (4) facing the projecting upper part of the rail (1) forms with the latter a casting chamber (5); and
4. d. pouring into this chamber (5) a coating composition.

According to the invention, during step (a), the rail or rails are wedged in a pre-established functional position.

According to this method, a platform comprising one or more coated rails and a coating is produced by coordinating the successive placing of the various elements with the casting of the coating of the rail so that the first part of the casting serves to support the coating slabs and that the slabs serve as a pouring chamber for the upper part of the coating. The implementation of this method makes it possible to prefabricate only standard and simple elements that can be stored without immobilizing a large supply value. The implementation of the method of the invention also allows to take into account the architectural constraints to the edge of the rails. Other advantages emerge from the implementation of the method. Among these advantages include the ability to precisely adjust and assemble the rail by welding when it is without dressing, that is to say when the base is not yet in place. The formwork of the lower part of the wedging is fast and does not risk to disrupt the rail. The casting of the cushioning product does not transmit stress or vibration to the rail which could disrupt it. Taking the coating forming the base is fast and sufficient resistance compatible with the use of the way is obtained in a few hours. Finally, the placement of the coating is rapid and the step (d) of casting of the coating product of the rail can be performed immediately after the laying of the coating slab, without additional adjustment of the rail, which allows to complete laying in a few hours.

• L'étape (b) d'enrobage du pied de chaque rail comprend :
  1. (i) la mise en place de part et d'autre du rail sensiblement parallèlement à celui-ci d'un coffrage compressible ;
  2. (ii) la pose d'au moins un gabarit comprenant des moyens de contact avec la tête du rail et des moyens de contact avec les éléments de coffrage, le gabarit étant tel que, lorsque les moyens de contact avec la tête du rail sont en contact avec le rail, les moyens de contact avec les éléments de coffrage compriment les éléments de coffrages, de sorte que la hauteur comprise entre la surface supérieure de la tête du rail et la surface supérieure des éléments de coffrage est une hauteur fixe, déterminée par le gabarit ;
  3. (iii) la fixation des éléments de coffrage dans la position telle que déterminée par le gabarit ; et
  4. (iv) le coulage d'une composition d'enrobage dans le coffrage ainsi réalisé.
• L'étape (b) d'enrobage d'une partie inférieure de chaque rail comprend en outre une étape de réglage transversal de la position des éléments de coffrage de part et d'autre du rail avant l'étape (iv) de fixation des éléments de coffrage dans la position telle que déterminée par le gabarit.
• Le gabarit mis en oeuvre au cours de l'étape (b) permet de maintenir la partie supérieure du coffrage à une distance de la partie supérieure du rail qui est égale à l'épaisseur de la dalle de revêtement.
• le coffrage comprend au moins une partie supérieure tubulaire rigide et au moins une partie inférieure compressible permettant une diminution de l'épaisseur du coffrage.
• le gabarit a une structure en forme de « U » renversé comprenant une barre horizontale, constituant le moyen de contact avec la tête du rail, réunie à chacune de ses extrémités à une barre verticale dont l'extrémité se termine par un élément en forme de fourche constituant le moyen destiné à s'adapter sur les éléments de coffrage.
• L'étape de réglage transversal de la position des éléments de coffrage met en oeuvre les moyens suivants :
  • une vis placée dans un alésage du gabarit dont une extrémité est en contact avec le rail,
  • une butée fixée au gabarit coopérant avec la vis de sorte que lorsque l'on agit sur la vis par rotation, on immobilise le gabarit par blocage du rail entre la vis et la butée.
• La butée est placée sur le gabarit de sorte que la vis immobilise le gabarit sur le rail lorsque la position des éléments de coffrage est compatible avec la formation d'un socle dont une surface supérieure peut servir d'appui à une dalle de revêtement.
• Le procédé comprend une étape supplémentaire (e) consistant à couler un mortier de calage entre la dalle de revêtement et la dalle de fondation.
• Le procédé comprend une étape préalable à l'étape (a) consistant à insérer au moins un drain dans la dalle de fondation, et le ou les recouvrir de mortier étanche au mortier de calage.
• Le matériau d'enrobage utilisé au cours des étapes d'enrobage (b) et de coulage (d) est résilient et est coulé après l'emploi d'un primaire d'accrochage.
• Un profilé est placé dans la chambre de coffrage lors de la réalisation de l'étape (d) afin de diminuer la quantité de matériau d'enrobage nécessaire pour remplir ladite chambre.
• Le profilé a une densité élevée apte à réduire la fréquence propre de l'assemblage réalisé.

In particular embodiments that may be taken individually or in any technically possible combination and each having specific advantages:

• Step (b) of embedding the foot of each rail comprises:
  1. (i) the placement on either side of the rail substantially parallel to the latter of a compressible formwork;
  2. (ii) laying at least one jig comprising means for contact with the head of the rail and means for contact with the formwork elements, the jig being such that, when the means of contact with the head of the rail are in in contact with the rail, the means of contact with the formwork elements compress the formwork elements, so that the height between the upper surface of the head of the rail and the upper surface of the formwork elements is a fixed height, determined by template ;
  3. (iii) fixing the shuttering elements in the position as determined by the template; and
  4. (iv) pouring a coating composition into the formwork thus produced.
• The step (b) of coating a lower portion of each rail further comprises a transverse adjustment step of the position of the shuttering elements on either side of the rail before the step (iv) of fixing the shuttering elements in the position as determined by the template.
• The jig implemented during step (b) keeps the upper part of the formwork at a distance from the upper part of the rail which is equal to the thickness of the facing slab.
• the formwork comprises at least one rigid tubular upper part and at least one compressible lower part making it possible to reduce the thickness of the formwork.
• the jig has an inverted "U" shaped structure comprising a horizontal bar, constituting the means of contact with the head of the rail, joined at each of its ends to a vertical bar whose end terminates with a shaped element; fork constituting the means intended to fit on the formwork elements.
• The transverse adjustment step of the position of the formwork elements implements the following means:
  • a screw placed in a bore of the jig, one end of which is in contact with the rail,
  • an abutment fixed to the template cooperating with the screw so that when it acts on the screw by rotation, the template is immobilized by locking the rail between the screw and the stop.
• The stop is placed on the jig so that the screw immobilizes the jig on the rail when the position of the formwork elements is compatible with the formation of a base whose upper surface can serve as support for a facing slab.
• The method includes an additional step (e) of casting a setting mortar between the facing slab and the foundation slab.
• The method comprises a step prior to step (a) of inserting at least one drain into the foundation slab, and or covering them with mortar tight mortar setting.
• The coating material used during the coating (b) and pouring (d) steps is resilient and is cast after the use of a bonding primer.
• A profile is placed in the formwork chamber during the performance of step (d) to reduce the amount of coating material necessary to fill said chamber.
• The profile has a high density capable of reducing the natural frequency of the assembly made.

• Figures 1, 2, 3 et 4 : des vues en coupe d'une voie en cours de réalisation mettant en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention.
• Figure 4A : un agrandissement de la figure 4.
• Figure 5 : une vue en coupe d'un gabarit et d'un coffrage mis en place autour d'un rail lors de la réalisation d'une étape du procédé selon l'invention.
• Figure 6 : une vue longitudinale des éléments représentés sur la figure 5.
• Figure 7 : un agrandissement de la figure 6.
• Figure 8 : une vue en perspective d'une voie réalisée en mettant en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention.

The remainder of the description refers to the appended figures which represent, respectively:

• Figures 1, 2 , 3 and 4 : sectional views of a channel in progress implementing the method according to the invention.
• Figure 4A : an enlargement of the figure 4 .
• Figure 5 : A sectional view of a template and a formwork placed around a rail when performing a step of the method according to the invention.
• Figure 6 : a longitudinal view of the elements represented on the figure 5 .
• Figure 7 : an enlargement of the figure 6 .
• Figure 8 : A perspective view of a path made by implementing the method according to the invention.

In the following description and on the drawings and in order to provide them with more concision and clarity, the same reference numerals are used to designate identical organs or objects allowing the implementation of the method which is the subject of the invention.

The first step (a) of the method according to the invention consists in wedging one or more rails 1 on a foundation slab 2, in a pre-established functional position. The figure 1 represents an example of positioning two rails 1 on a foundation slab 2. The rail 1 comprises a foot, a head and an intermediate portion joining the foot and the head. The functional position of the rails 1 is defined as being the position compatible with the movement of a train or a tramway for example. The functional position of the rails 1 is achieved using techniques known to those skilled in the art. For example, mannequins can be placed at regular intervals on the rails to ensure proper maintenance and positioning. The dummies are equipped with devices ensuring the vertical and horizontal adjustment of the rails, and ensuring a correct positioning of the rails relative to each other if several of them must be put in place.

The second step (b) of the method according to the invention consists in making a coating of the foot of each rail 1 with a material forming a base 3.

The base 3, an example of which is presented on the figure 2 , must be made so as not to cover the head of the rail 1. The upper part of each rail 1 protrudes above an upper part of the base 3. By the term "foot of the rail", the person skilled in the art include the portion of the rail including the foot and possibly a portion of the intermediate portion of the rail. The base 3 rests on the foundation slab 2 and has an upper surface of sufficient size to be able to serve as a support for a slab of coating 4. The embodiment of the base 3 makes it possible to fix each rail in its operative position to the slab of foundation 2.

The step (b) of making the base 3 will be described below in more detail.

The third step (c) of the method according to the invention consists in placing one or more coating slabs 4 on the base 3. Several alternatives are possible for laying the facing slab (s) 4. A facing slab 4 can be placed on the upper surface of the base 3 of two parallel rails as is visible on the figure 3 . A facing slab 4 can also be placed between a rail 1 and the edge of the traffic lane under construction as is also visible on the figure 3 . In this second case, to allow the installation of a horizontal slab, a shim 12 whose thickness is identical to that of the base 3 can be placed near the edge of the track under construction.

The use of a shim 12 is however not necessary in the case where it is desired to lay pavement slabs 4 forming a slight slope between the rail and the edge of the taxiway under construction.

As we observe on the figure 3 the laying of a facing slab 4 makes it possible to create a casting chamber 5. This casting chamber 5 is formed by the lateral surface of the facing slab 4 facing the projecting portion of the rail 1, and the projecting portion of the rail 1 itself. In the case of figure 3 where the edge of the facing slab 4 is vertical, the bottom of the casting chamber 5 is defined by the upper surface of the plinth 3.

The fourth step (d) of the process according to the invention consists in casting a coating composition in the casting chamber 5. The result obtained after this step is represented on the figure 4 .

In order to reduce the amount of coating composition necessary for filling the casting chamber 5, it is possible to insert a profile 11 into the chamber 5 as shown in FIG. figure 4 and on the Figure 4A . The profile 11 may have any shape, for example close to that of the casting chamber 5 to be filled. The profile 11 may also have a high density so as to reduce the natural frequency of the path achieved by the implementation of the method. Preferably, the coating material used in step (d) is resilient, and strongly adherent to the rail 1, the concrete constituting the base 3 and the facing slab 4 through the use of a primary hooking. The use of a primer to solve adhesion problems is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.

Step (a) of the described method may be preceded by a step of inserting at least one drain 10 into the foundation slab 2, and or cover them mortar tight mortar mortar as shown on the figure 1 . For example, the drain or drains 10 make it possible to facilitate the flow of runoff water. Drains 10 put in place can also be intended to receive cables.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the method comprises an additional step (e) of pouring a setting mortar between the facing slab 4 and the foundation slab 2 as shown in perspective on the figure 8 . This setting mortar is not essential for carrying out the process but makes it possible to increase the mechanical strength of the coating plates 4, especially when they are intended to support road vehicles of the automotive type. For example, the setting mortar may be cast using reservations passing through the facing slab 4 or spaces provided at the time of performing step (c) of laying the facing slabs 4.

The step of setting up the coating slab 4 occurs quickly after the beginning of the implementation of the method. Indeed, the casting of rail coating product and wedging between the slabs can be executed immediately without additional adjustment of the rail which allows the laying of the track in a few hours.

The thickness of the base 3 made during step (b) of the method can be determined so that the upper surface of the facing slab 4 is at the same level as the upper part of the rail 1 as is visible on the Figures 4 and 4A .

By the term "at the same level as" it should be understood that the upper surface of the facing slab 4 and the upper part of the rail 1 are included in a horizontal plane.

1. (i) la mise en place de part et d'autre du rail 1 d'éléments de coffrage 61 compressibles.
2. (ii) la pose d'un gabarit 7 comme cela est représenté sur la figure 5,
3. (iii) la fixation des éléments de coffrage 61,
4. (iv) le coulage du matériau d'enrobage.

According to a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, step (b) of the process comprises:

1. (i) the establishment on either side of the rail 1 of compressible formwork elements 61.
2. (ii) laying a template 7 as shown on the figure 5 ,
3. (iii) the fixing of the shuttering elements 61,
4. (iv) pouring the coating material.

The means used in steps (i) to (iv) of step (b) are described below in more detail.

The formwork elements 61 may for example be composed of a rigid section extending along the entire length of the rail 1 associated with a compressible element 8. In particular, the compressible element 8 may be a profiled element with a nest structure. 'bee. The shuttering elements 61 make it possible to define a formwork 6 in which a coating material forming the base 3 will be cast.

The jig 7 makes it possible to determine the thickness of the formwork 6 to be made and consequently that of the base 3. In indeed, the thickness of the base 3 made depends on the formwork thickness 6 set up.

As we observe on the figure 5 , the jig 7 comprises a horizontal part 70 resting on the upper surface of the head of the rail 1 and two vertical parts, ending with forks 71 intended to fit on the upper parts of the formwork elements 61.

When the template is put in place during step (b), it is placed on the upper surface of the formwork elements 61. The thickness of the formwork 6 will then decrease by crushing the compressible element 8 to that the jig 7 also rests on the upper surface of the rail 1. The reduction of the thickness of the formwork 6 can be carried out for example by maintaining a vertical force on the jig 7, directed towards the foundation slab 2. When the jig 7 is at the same time on the formwork 6 and on the upper part of the rail 1, it is considered that the formwork has an acceptable height. Acceptable height means that the template 7 maintains the upper part of the formwork elements 61 at a height of the upper part of the head of the rail 1 which is equal to the thickness of the facing slab 4 to be laid during step (b). The template 7 shown on the figure 5 has a general shape of "U", but it can have any shape, compatible with its function of maintaining a fixed height between the upper part of the head of the rail 1 and the upper part of the formwork elements 61. The recourse to the template 7 thus makes it possible to determine the thickness of the base 3 to be made during step (b) of the method so that the upper surface of the facing slab 4 is at the same level as the upper part of the rail 1 as can be seen on the figure 4 .

When the elements 61 constituting the formwork 6 are correctly placed and have an appropriate height according to the criteria which have been described above, these elements 61 of the formwork 6 can be fixed to the jig 7 by lateral screws 13 as shown in FIG. figure 5 . The elements 61 of the formwork 6 can also be fixed to the foundation slab 2. The fastening to the foundation slab 2 can take place by the cooperation of a threaded screw 15 with a nut 16, the screw 15 being fixed in the slab of 2 preferably by a pin 17. Preferably the threaded screw 15 is placed at a location 18 formed in the elements 61 of the formwork 6, as shown in FIG. figure 7

Preferably, the coating material cast in the formwork 6 is resilient, and strongly adherent to the rail and concrete constituting the foundation slab through the use of a primer.

Alternatively, the step (b) of coating a lower portion of each rail 1 further comprises the establishment of means (9, 14) for adjusting the position of the shuttering elements 61 on either side of the rail 1 before the step of fixing the formwork elements 61 in the position as determined by the template. It may be for example a screw 9 associated with one or more stops 14. The rotational movement of the screw 9 within a bore of the template 7 allows to move the template 7 until the rail is locked between the screw 9 and the stops 14 as shown on the figure 5 . The wedges 14 are arranged on the jig 7 so that when the screw immobilizes the jig 7 on the rail 1 when the position of the formwork elements 61 is compatible with the formation of a base 3 whose upper surface can serve as support to a facing slab 4.

Preferably, the templates 7 are spaced from each other by about two meters as shown schematically on the figure 6 .

The result obtained after the implementation of the method is a circulatable platform type path, an example of which is presented in perspective on the figure 8 .

Claims (13)

1. A method for constructing a traffic lane comprising at least one rail (1) consisting of a foot and a head linked by an intermediate portion, including the following steps:

   a. lying the rail(s) on a foundation slab (2);

   b. coating the foot of each rail (1) with a material forming a base (3) fastening each rail (1) in its pre-established functional position to the foundation slab (2), so that an upper portion of the rail (1) protrudes above an upper surface of the base (3) ;

   c. laying at least one cover slab (4) having an upper surface, a lower surface and lateral surfaces, resting over at least a portion of the upper surface of said base (3), so that the lateral wall of the cover slab (4) facing the protruding upper portion of the rail (1) forms with the latter a casting chamber (5) ; and

   d. casting into this chamber (5) a coating composition,

   characterised in that, during the step (a), the rail(s) are shimmed in a pre-established functional position.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the step (b) of coating the foot of each rail (1) includes:

   (i) placing on both sides of the rail (1) substantially parallel thereto a compressible formwork (6);

   (ii) laying at least one template (7) including a means (70) for making contact with the head of the rail (1) and a means (71) for making contact with the casing elements (61), the template (7) being such that, and the means (70) for making contact with the head of the rail (1) is in contact therewith, the means (71) for making contact with the casing elements (61) compresses the casing elements (61), so that the height ranging between the upper surface of the head of the rail (1) and the upper surface of the casing elements (61) has a fixed value, determined by the template (7);

   (iii) fastening the casing elements (61) in the position such as determined by the template (7); and

   (iv) casting a coating composition in the formwork (6) thus provided.
3. A method according to claim 2, characterised in that the step (b) of coating a lower portion of each rail (1) includes moreover a step of transversal adjustment of the position of the casing elements (61) on both sides of the rail (1) before the step (iv) of fastening the casing elements (61) in the position such as determined by the template 7.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the template (7) implemented during the step (b) enables to maintain the upper portion of the casing (6) at a distance from the upper portion of the rail (1) which is equal to the thickness of the cover slab (4).
5. A method according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterised in that said formwork (6) includes at least a rigid tubular upper portion and at least one compressible lower portion (8) enabling to decrease the thickness of the formwork (6).
6. A method according to one of the claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the template (7) has a reverted U-shaped structure comprising a horizontal bar, forming the contact means (70) with the head of the rail (1), linked at each of its ends to a vertical bar whereof the end is terminated by an element in the form of a fork making up the means (71) intended for adapting of the casing elements (61).
7. A method according to one of the claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the step of transversal adjustment of the position of the casing elements (61) implements the following means:

   - a screw (9) situated in a bore of the template (7),

   - the screw (9) including an end in contact with the rail (1),

   - a stop (14) attached to the template (7) co-operating with the screw (9) so that when acting on the screw (9) rotationally, the template is moved laterally until it is locked by the rail between the screw (9) and the stop (14).
8. A method according to claim 7, characterised in that the stop (14) is laid on the template (7) so that the screw (9) locks the template (7) on the rail (1) when the position of the casing elements (61) is compatible with the formation of a base whereof an upper surface may act as a prop for a cover slab (4).
9. A method according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it includes an additional step (e) consisting in casting a setting mortar between the cover slab (4) and the foundation slab (2).
10. A method according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it includes a step prior to the step (a) consisting in inserting at least one drain (10) in the foundation slab, and cover it or them with a mortar impervious to the setting mortar.
11. A method according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the coating material used during the steps of coating (b) and of casting (d) is resilient and is cast after using a hooking primer.
12. A method according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that a profile (11) is placed in the casing chamber (5) when performing the step (d) so as to reduce the amount of coating material necessary for filling up said chamber (5).
13. A method according to claim 12, characterised in that the profile (11) has a high density capable of reducing the very frequency of the assembly provided.

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