EP1454111B1 - Method for guaranteeing safety during firing with live ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for assuring safety during firing exercises with live ammunition by mobile skirmish participants ( 11, 11 ') practicing under combat conditions in an enclosed practice range ( 10 ) that is monitored from a monitoring center ( 14 ), to protect all participants ( 11, 11 ') from being shot by firing participants ( 11 ). The instantaneous positions of the participants ( 11, 11 ') are continuously determined, and transmitted to a monitoring center ( 14 ) wherein the transmitted positions and movement regions derived therefrom for all participants ( 11, 11 '), and the positions of stationary objects ( 13 ) that are present, are used to calculate current, authorized firing sectors ( 38 ) for the firing participants ( 11 ) and are individually transmitted to the firing participants ( 11 ). For each firing participant ( 11 ), the instantaneous weapon setting ( 39 ) is compared to the assigned firing sectors ( 38 ), and firing authorization is only given if the instantaneous weapon setting ( 39 ) lies within these firing sectors ( 38 ).

Description

The invention relates to a method for ensuring the Safety when shooting with a sharp shot of in one limited and monitored from a monitoring center Practice area under combat conditions more practicable, more mobile Combat participants.

Shooting exercises on military training areas with for the movable use designed weapon systems, such as Main battle tanks, armored personnel carriers and the like, require for one Threat-appropriate training in the battle of the connected Weapons unrestricted movement and fighting ability the combatants in larger rooms, deviating from the hitherto customary, unchangeably fixed in the practice area Shooting lanes. In this type of use of the practice area the internal and external security must be ensured that is, by appropriate measures reliable must be excluded that from the shooting Competitors neither over the limits of the practice area out (external security) still in areas of the Training ground can be shot in, in which other shooting and non-shooting combatants and stationary objects to be protected are located (inner Safety).

In a known method is to ensure the Safety when shooting every shooting Assigned special security personnel to which is in radio communication with the monitoring center and on-site the individual combatant or fire release issued.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for Ensuring safety during shooting develop the high security requirements for Training areas with a significant reduction of the Security staff and the free movement of all Competitors within the practice area at simultaneously shooting sharp shot Skirmishers admits.

The object is solved by the features of claim 1.

The inventive method for ensuring the Shooting safety in shooting operation has the advantage that at in open terrain with moving weapon systems completed firing exercises a gapless and Reliable protection of all combatants against fire produced by firing combatants. This Protection is in any battle situation, regardless of the Position, the direction of travel and the driving speed of the Skirmishers ensured. In addition, too ensured that no shooting skirmisher over can shoot the boundaries of the practice area as well and also stationary objects within the practice area protected against damage by inadmissible firing are. As a permissible shot sector is one defined spatial extent in the practice area, in the one single, firing skirmishers safe for other combatants and for possibly in the practice area existing stationary objects protected against fire must be able to shoot.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention Method with advantageous developments and Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the others Claims.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention either in the calculation of the current, permissible Shot sectors for the shooting combatants in the Surveillance center or when comparing the weapon position with the transmitted, current weft sectors at each firing skirmishers a danger area considered. This danger area is considered spatial Stretch in the practice area for each weapon of a shooting Gefechtteinehmers specified and takes into account the Weapon type and the type of firing with the weapon Ammunition. In the first case, the limits of the approved Shot sector around this danger area reduced, in the second Case, a firing will only be allowed if at the current weapon position also the danger area within the shot sector.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention When calculating the danger area, so-called System tolerances considered, these are u. a. Fault tolerances in positioning and the Weapon position detection can occur.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is in the calculation of permissible weft sectors also the Positions from within the practice area available to included protective, stationary objects, so that too these are protected against fire.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention the positions of the combatants become the times their purpose and the given sectors of fire Time points of their determination and a validity period assigned. At the firing combatants is their current weapon position only with the assigned Shot sectors compared when the date of determination the weapon position is within the validity period. This will detect the positions of the Skirmishers, calculating the shot sectors and the Checking the weapons positions of the combatants Based on a common time base and in a defined time frame temporal cycle performed so that the current Validity of shot sectors and weapon positions is ascertainable, which is also the movements of Skirmishers considered.

Fig. 1

eine schematisierte Draufsicht eines Gefechtsszenarios in einem Übungsgelände mit Darstellung von Gefechtsteilnehmern, stationären Objekten und für die schießenden Gefechtsteilnehmer vorgegebenen, zugelassenen Schußsektoren,

Fig. 2

ein Blockschaltbild einer in einer Überwachungszentrale integrierten Überwachungsvorrichtung als Teil der Schießsicherheitseinrichtung,

Fig. 3

ein Blockschaltbild einer bei jedem Schießteilnehmer eingerüsteten Sicherheitsvorrichtung als Teil der Schießsicherheitseinrichtung,

Fig. 4

eine schematisierte Draufsicht eines einem schießenden Gefechtsteilnehmer zugeordneten Schußsektors mit Gefahrenbereich.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an embodiment of a shooting safety device shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

1 is a schematic plan view of a combat scenario in an exercise area with depiction of combatants, stationary objects and approved shot sectors given to the shooting combatants;

Fig. 2

a block diagram of a monitoring device integrated in a monitoring center as part of the shooting safety device,

Fig. 3

3 is a block diagram of a safety device installed at each shooting participant as part of the shooting safety device;

Fig. 4

a schematic plan view of a firing squad assigned shot sector with danger area.

In Fig. 1 is a detail of a borderline 18th fixed training area 10 shown in the mobile Practicing combatants 11 under combat conditions and thereby shooting combatants 11 a shooting operation with a sharp shot. In the illustrated Embodiment are the shooting combatants 11 main battle tanks of a task force, with their weapons 17, here tank cannons, set up in the practice area 10 Targets fire 12 real shots. In addition to or instead of the Battle tanks can also be different, shooting Skirmish participants 11, z. B. guns, rocket launcher, Antitank helicopter and the like., Be present. When Example for also participating in the combat exercise, within the practice area 10 moving, non-shooting combat participants 11 is shown in FIG Vehicle e.g. the association logistics of the practicing combat organization shown. Other mobile, non-shooting Skirmishers 11 can also Aufklärungs- and / or Be observation vehicles. Also located in the Practice area 10 separates stationary objects 13, which are from the shooting combatants 11 not under attack may be taken.

The combat exercise is from a stationary Monitoring center 14 off by appropriate Surveillance staff monitors and can from there as well be directed. The monitoring center 14 and the Skirmishers 11 are standing together Wireless data connection. This is at the monitoring center 14 a main radio station 15 and set up in the practice area 10 relay stations 16 are arranged distributed so that in entire practice area 10 a complete wireless connection is guaranteed.

When shooting, it is necessary, on the one hand the Safety of all within the practice area 10 itself Moving combat participant 11 against fire and, on the other hand, to prevent that of the firing skirmishers 11 on the boundary line 18 of the Training area 10 is shot out. To this so-called. internal and external safety during shooting to ensure there is one in practice area 10 Safety device installed for the shooting, the one arranged in the monitoring center 14 Monitor 20 and several Safety devices 21 includes, each of which a is scaffolded at each firing skirmisher 11. The monitoring device 20 and the Safety devices 21 at the firing Skirmish participants 11 are on the radio with each other connect and exchange data relevant to data transmission to ensure safety during shooting. The non-shooting combatants 11 are at least with equipped with a position sensor and a data radio transmitter, so that the non-shooting skirmishers 11 his Position and any other data recorded on site Monitoring device 20 can transmit.

2, the components of the monitoring device 20 shown in the block diagram. The monitoring device 20 comprises a radio receiver 22 and a radio transmitter 23, a central computer 24 and a database 25 in which the mapped exercise area 10 with the boundary line 18 and with the placement of stationary, to be protected Objects 13 is stored. In the central computer 24 are the via the radio receiver 22 from the combat participants 11, So both the shooting and the non-shooting Skirmish participants 11, received data in a correct position processed and placed as default data to the radio transmitter 23, this coded in the practice area 10 for the individual firing skirmisher 11 radiates.

In Fig. 3, the components for one are shooting at each Skirmisher 11 equipped security device 21 shown in the block diagram. The security device 21 has a radio transmitter 26, a radio receiver 27, a Position sensor 28 for determining the current position P (t) of the shooting combat participant 11, a Weapon position sensor 29 for detecting the Pivoting angular position α (t) of the weapon 17 in the azimuth, possibly a weapon position sensor 30 for detecting the Weapon position ε (t) in elevation, an ammunition selector switch 31, with which to be fired with the weapon 17 Ammunition is selected, and an optical and a acoustic indicator 34, 35 on the shooting Skirmish participants 11 signal a firing. In addition, in the safety device 21 still a Weft lock 36 are provided, the manual release a shot blocked by a weapon trigger 37. Of the Processor 32, which is the optical and acoustic display element 34, 35 turns on to detect the firing clearance, deactivated at firing the shot lock 36, so that the Weapon 17 with the weapon trigger 37 can be fired.

In each non-shooting combat participants 11 is a greatly reduced in terms of components Security device 21 '(Fig. 1) scaffolding, the - like not shown here - only the radio transmitter 26 and the position sensor 28 for determining the current Position P (t) includes. The determined by the position sensor 28 Positions of the non-shooting combat participant 11 are as the position of the shooting combat participants 11 in Intervals from the radio transmitter 26 to the monitoring center 14 sent. In the described embodiment, the Position determination by the position sensor 28 as well at the firing competitor 11 on the Global Position System (GPS). Alternative methods to Position determination is of course possible.

With the from the monitoring device 20 with their in the Monitoring Center 14 installed components and with the Safety devices 21 with their at the individual firing skirmishers 11 scaffolded components and with the safety devices 21 'with the at non-shooting combatants 11 scored Components radio transmitter 26 and position sensor 28 is the Shooting safety guaranteed by the following procedure:

At each firing competitor 11 and Non-shooting combat participant 11 is by means of Position sensor 28 continuously its current position P (t) determined and via the radio transmitter 26 to the Monitoring Center 14 reported. The position P (t) becomes determined at time intervals, each position P of the Time t is assigned to their destination. The size of the Time interval between the position outputs of the Skirmish participants 11 depends on their speed and shortens with speed increase and Distance reduction to the other combatants 11. In the monitoring center 14, all are determined Positions of the combatants 11 in the database 25 provided location plan of the practice area 10 recorded. In the central computer 24 will be for each firing skirmishers 11 taking into account the Position of the respective firing skirmish participant 11, the positions of all remaining combatants 11, the Positions of the stationary objects 13, the possible Movement areas of all combatants 11 and the Boundary line 18 of the training area 10 permissible shot sectors 38 (Fig. 1) are calculated, in which of the respective firing combatants 11, these shot sectors 38th within the boundary line 18 outlined practice area 10 can be shot. These allowable shot sectors 28 are of the Monitoring Center 14 individually to the shooting Skirmish participants 11 transmitted by radio. It can the calculated allowable weft sectors 38 additionally one Subject to plausibility check and from a transfer to the firing skirmishers 11 are excluded. Such exclusion reasons may e.g. the Absence of targets in the relevant sector or didactic or tactical reasons. The to Transmission to the shooting combatants approved shot sectors 38 will be the date of their Calculation and a validity period assigned, so that each via the radio transmitter 23 to the shooting combatants 11 radiated data telegram the coordinates of Weft sectors 38, the date of their calculation and the Validity period contains.

In Fig. 1, for the three firing combat participants 11, the approved shot sectors 38 calculated by the monitoring device 20, which are assigned to the individual firing combat participants 11, are shown schematically. For the upper firing competitor 11 in FIG. 1, only a single, approved firing sector 38 has been issued. For the left in Fig. 1, firing combat participant 11 two shot sectors 38 are allowed, while in the lower in Fig. 1, firing combat participants 11 three possible shot sectors 38 are given. Each shot sector 38 is defined, for example, by an azimuth angle θ, which is related in each case to the individual position of the respective firing skirmish participant 11. The azimuth angle θ is determined, for example, by a north-related, lower limit angle θ _G1 and a north-related, upper angle limit θ _G2 , as shown in FIG. 1 for the shooting sector 38 of the upper, firing, combat participant 11.

The data telegrams radiated coded by the radio transmitter 23, which contain the fixed shot sectors 38 for the time t and their period of validity, for example the angle limits θ _G1 (t) and θ _G2 (t), are fired by the radio receiver 27 of the coding addressed by the coding Skirmisher 11 received, decoded and the processor 32 is supplied. In the processor 32, it is checked whether the current weapon position 39 of the weapon 17 of the shooting combat participant 11, which is supplied in the embodiment by the azimuthal pivot angle α (t) of the weapon 17 to the processor 32, coincides in time with the assigned shot sectors 38, ie whether the The timing of the weapon positioning is within the period of validity of the assigned shot sectors 38. If this is the case, it is checked in the processor 32 whether the current weapon position 39 of the firing combat participant 11 lies within one of the shot sectors 38 assigned to it. Otherwise, ie, if the period of validity of one or more shot sectors 38 does not include, detect, mask, or span the time of determining the weapon position, that shot sector 38 or those shot sectors 38 will be eliminated and disregarded. If the current weapon position 39 is within a firing sector 38, firing by the firing competitor 11 is allowed for this firing sector 38, and the processor 32 generates a firing signal which turns on the optical indicator 34 and / or the firing indicator 35 and possibly the firing lock 36 disabled for the weapon trigger 37. The firing competitor 11 is now able to fire with the current weapon position 39 a shot at the sighted target 12.

In order to clarify this process, the north-related angle limits θ _G1 and θ _{G2 of} the azimuth angle θ of a shooting sector 38 permitted for the upper, firing combat participant 11 are shown by way of example in FIG. 1 and are for example 40 ° and 295 °, respectively. The north-related, azimuthal pivot angle α of the weapon 17 is, for example, 333 °. In this case, the swivel angle α is substantially larger than the upper angular limit θ _G2 and smaller than the upper angular limit θ _G1 . The instantaneous weapon position 39 thus lies within the firing sector 38. If the firing skirmisher 11 does not change his position, he can combat all three targets 12 within this permitted firing sector 38. If the weapon 17 is aimed at the right-hand target 12 in FIG. 1, then the north-related, azimuthal pivoting angle α of the weapon 17 is considerably reduced, but still lies within the angular limits θ _G1 and θ _{G2 of} this firing sector 38, so that the condition for the shot release is met even with this pivotal position of the weapon 17.

Since usually can not be assumed that the at the current weapon position 39 of the shooting Gefechtteilnehmers 11 fired projectile in the by the tube soul axis of the weapon 17 passing Vertical plane moves, but more or less sideways deviates, is for the weapon type of the shooting Skirmisher 11 and the nature of this weapon type ammunition to be fired, a danger zone 33 as Spatial extent in the practice area 10 set. One such danger area 33 is exemplary in FIG. 4 shown. The geometric shape of such Danger area can vary greatly depending on weapon type and type of ammunition look different. The specified danger area 33 is compared with the current weapon position 39 with the allowable shot sectors 38, by checking is, whether the danger area 33 at the current Weapon position 39 within one of the permitted Weft sectors 38 is located. Only if this is the case takes place a firing clearance for this shot sector 38.

Alternatively, the consideration of the danger zone 33 can also be carried out in the central computer 24 of the monitoring device 20, for which purpose it is necessary that the firing combat participants 11 transmit to the monitoring device 20 by radio data transmission also the type of ammunition to be fired by them. By including the danger zone 33 in the calculation of the allowable shot sectors 38, the sector boundaries θ _G1 and θ _{G2 of} the shot sectors 38 are reduced, so that the allowable shot sectors 38 are more restricted in their angular width.

In the calculation of the allowable shot sectors 38 can Even so-called. System tolerances are included, the arising from the fact that in the safety device e.g. Fault tolerances in the position determination of Skirmish participants 11 and in the determination of the current Weapon position 39 occur.

An authorized one calculated by the central computer 24 Shot sector 38 for a shooting skirmisher 11 always has a depth or length that is greater than that Range of the shooting of the weapon 17 Skirmisher 11 to be fired projectile. Alternatively, it is possible to shorten the shot for the firing skirmishers 11 by acting for shooting every 38 eligible shoot sector Skilled participants 11 a maximum elevation angle φ is given, via the radio receiver 27 to the processor 32 is supplied. By means of the weapon position sensor 30 is the processor 32, the current essay or elevation angle ε (t) supplied to the weapon 17, and the processor 32 compares the predetermined maximum elevation angle φ (t) with the current essay ε (t) of the gun 17 of the shooting Skirmisher 11. The latter is smaller than the given maximum elevation angle φ (t) becomes the Shot firing is released, this is not the case, then blocked a firing.

Claims (14)

1. Method for ensuring safety during live firing operations of mobile battle proponents (11) who are practising in battlefield conditions in a limited exercise terreain (10) which is monitored from a monitoring control centre (14), characterized in that instantaneous positions of the battle proponents (11) are determined and are signalled to the monitoring control centre (14), in that current, permissible firing sectors (38) are calculated in the monitoring control centre (14) using the signalled, instantaneous positions and the movement areas, which can be derived from them, for all the battle proponents (11), for each firing battle proponent (11), taking into account the boundary (18) of the exercise terrain (10), and are transmitted individually to the firing battle proponent (11), and in that the current weapon position for each firing battle proponent (11) is compared with the firing sectors (38) assigned to him and firing clearance for a firing sector (38) is given only when the instantaneous weapon position (39) is within this firing sector (38).
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the calculated firing sectors (38) are defined by azimuth angles () which are applied to the position of the firing battle proponent (11).
3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that each azimuth angle () is defined by a lower and an upper angle limit (_G1, _G2), which are in each case north-oriented.
4. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the calculation of the permissible, current firing sectors (38) for each firing battle proponent (11) takes account of the danger area (33), which is defined as the physical extent of the exercise terrain (10) on the basis of the weapon type of the firing battle proponent (11) and the nature of the ammunition to be fired by this weapon type.
5. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 3, characterized in that a danger area (33) is defined as the physical extent of the exercise terrain (10) on the basis of the weapon type of the firing battle proponent (11) and the ammunition to be fired by this weapon type for each firing battle proponent (11), and in that the danger area (33) is taken into account in the comparison of the weapon position (39) with the predetermined, current firing sectors (38) in such a way that firing clearance is given only when the instantaneous weapon position (39) for the danger area (33) is within the permitted firing sector (38).
6. Method according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the calculation of the permissible firing sectors (38) also takes account of possible error tolerances.
7. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the error tolerances which are taken into account are those which can occur in the position-finding and weapon position detection processes.
8. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the calculation of the permissible firing sectors (38) includes the positions of stationary objects (13) which are to be protected and are within the exercise terrain (10).
9. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 8, characterized in that the positions of the battle proponents (11) are associated with the times of their determination, and the calculated firing sectors (38) are associated with the times of their calculation and are in each case allocated a validity duration, and in that the only signed firing sectors (38) which are allowed for the firing battle proponents (11) for comparison with the instantaneous weapon position (39) are those whose associated validity duration includes the time of determination of the instantaneous weapon position (39).
10. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 9, characterized in that selected firing sectors (38) of the calculated, permissible firing sectors (38) are excluded by means of predetermined criteria from transmission to the firing battle proponents (11).
11. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the lack of presence of targets and/or didactic and/or tactical reasons are predetermined as criteria.
12. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 11, characterized in that an optical and/or audible indication is initiated when firing consent is given.
13. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 12, characterized in that firing consent is permanently blocked for each firing battle proponent (11), and the blocking of firing consent is deactivated when firing consent is given.
14. Method according to one of Claims 1 - 13, characterized in that the signalling of the positions of the battle proponents (11) and the transmission of the calculated, permissible firing sectors (38) to the firing battle proponents (11) are carried out by means of a data radio link between the battle proponents (11) and the monitoring control centre (14).

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