EP1454111A1

EP1454111A1 - Method for guaranteeing safety during firing with live ammunition

Info

Publication number: EP1454111A1
Application number: EP02787503A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hellmuth Schmedemann; Manfred Junge
Original assignee: STN Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Current assignee: Rheinmetall Electronics GmbH
Priority date: 2001-12-12
Filing date: 2002-10-24
Publication date: 2004-09-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-24
Also published as: NO20042545L; ES2247402T3; US20040005532A1; EP1454111B1; US6977593B2; DE50203787D1; PL369586A1; DE10160946A1; CA2470119C; CA2470119A1; AU2002351780A1; PL203880B1; WO2003054472A1; EP1454111B8; ATE300721T1

Abstract

A method for assuring safety during firing exercises with live ammunition by mobile skirmish participants ( 11, 11 ') practicing under combat conditions in an enclosed practice range ( 10 ) that is monitored from a monitoring center ( 14 ), to protect all participants ( 11, 11 ') from being shot by firing participants ( 11 ). The instantaneous positions of the participants ( 11, 11 ') are continuously determined, and transmitted to a monitoring center ( 14 ) wherein the transmitted positions and movement regions derived therefrom for all participants ( 11, 11 '), and the positions of stationary objects ( 13 ) that are present, are used to calculate current, authorized firing sectors ( 38 ) for the firing participants ( 11 ) and are individually transmitted to the firing participants ( 11 ). For each firing participant ( 11 ), the instantaneous weapon setting ( 39 ) is compared to the assigned firing sectors ( 38 ), and firing authorization is only given if the instantaneous weapon setting ( 39 ) lies within these firing sectors ( 38 ).

Description

METHOD FOR ENSURING SAFETY IN SHOOTING OPERATION WITH A SHARP SHOT

The invention relates to a method for ensuring safety when shooting with a sharp shot in a limited and. from a surveillance center from monitored training areas of mobile combat participants practicing under combat conditions.

Shooting exercises on military training areas with weapon systems designed for mobile use, such as battle tanks, armored personnel carriers and the like, require the combat participants to have unrestricted freedom of movement and combat in larger rooms for a threat-oriented training in combat, deviating from the hitherto usual practice area unchangeable shooting lanes. With this type of use of the training area, internal and external security must be guaranteed, i.e. that appropriate measures must be taken to ensure that the shooting combat participants do not shoot beyond the limits of the training area (external security) or into areas of the training area in which there are other shooting and non-shooting combat participants and stationary objects to be protected (internal security). In a known method, to ensure safety during shooting operations, each shooting combat participant is assigned special security personnel who are in radio communication with the monitoring center and give the individual combat participant the shot or fire clearance on site.

The invention has for its object to develop a method for ensuring security in shooting operations that meets the high security requirements for military training areas with a significant reduction in security personnel and the freedom of movement of all combat participants within the training area with a simultaneous sharp shot of the firing combat line he permits.

The object is solved by the features of claim 1.

The method according to the invention for ensuring the shooting safety during shooting operation has the advantage that a complete and reliable protection of all combatants against shots by shooting combat participants is produced when shooting exercises are carried out in open terrain with moving weapon systems. This protection is guaranteed in every combat situation, regardless of the position, the direction of travel and the speed of the combat participants. In addition, it is also ensured that no shooting participant can shoot beyond the limits of the training area and that stationary objects located within the training area are also protected against damage caused by inadmissible firing. Such a spatial extension in the training area is defined as a permitted shooting sector in which a single, shooting combat participant can shoot safely for other combat participants and for any stationary objects that may be present in the training area and that must be protected against fire.

Expedient embodiments of the method according to the invention with advantageous developments and refinements of the invention result from the further claims.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a danger zone is taken into account either in the calculation of the current permitted shot sectors for the firing combat participants in the monitoring center or when comparing the weapon position with the transmitted, current shot sectors for each firing combat participant. This danger zone is specified as the spatial extent in the training area for each weapon of a shooting combat participant and takes into account the ^• weapon type and the type of ammunition to be fired with the weapon. In the first case, the boundaries of the permitted firing sector are reduced by this danger area, in the second case firing is only permitted if the current danger position also means that the danger zone is within the firing sector.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, so-called system tolerances are also taken into account in the calculation of the danger zone, that is, among other things, fault tolerances that can occur during position determination and weapon position detection. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the positions of existing stationary objects to be protected within the training area are also included in the calculation of the permitted shot sectors, so that these are also protected against shelling.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the positions of the combat participants are assigned the times of their determination and the predetermined sectors of the shot the times of their determination and a period of validity. In the case of firing combat participants, their current weapon position is only compared with the assigned shot sectors if the time of determining the weapon position is within the period of validity. As a result, the positions of the combat participants, the calculation of the firing sectors and the checking of the weapon positions of the combat participants are carried out on the basis of a common time base and in a defined time cycle, so that the current validity of the firing sectors and weapon positions can be determined, which also includes the movements of the Battle participants considered.

The invention is described below with reference to an embodiment of a shooting safety device shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a

Combat scenarios in a training area with representation of combat participants, stationary objects and approved shooting sectors specified for the shooting combat participants, 2 shows a block diagram of a monitoring device integrated in a monitoring center as part of the shooting safety device,

3 is a block diagram of a security device equipped for each shooting participant as part of the shooting security device,

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a shooting sector assigned to a shooting combat participant with danger area.

1 shows a detail of a training area 10 defined by a boundary line 18, in which mobile combat participants 11 practice under combat conditions and thereby combat participants 11 perform a shooting operation with a sharp shot. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the firing combat participants 11 are combat in a combat association, who fire 12 real shots with their weapons 17, here tank cannons, at targets 10 set up in the training area 10. In addition to or instead of the main battle tank, other types of combat combat participants 11, e.g. B. guns, rocket launchers, anti-tank helicopters and the like. , to be available. As an example of non-shooting combat participants 11 also participating in the combat exercise and moving within the training area 10, FIG. 1 shows a vehicle, for example the association logistics of the practicing combat association. Other mobile, non-shooting combat participants 11 can also be reconnaissance and / or observation vehicles. Also located in Training area 10 isolated stationary objects 13, which may not be fired upon by the shooting combat participants 11.

The combat exercise is monitored from a stationary monitoring center 14 by appropriate monitoring personnel and can also be conducted from there. The surveillance center 14 and the combat participants 11 are in radio communication with one another. For this purpose, a main radio station 15 is set up at the monitoring center 14 and relay stations 16 are arranged in the training area 10 in such a way that a seamless radio connection is ensured in the entire training area 10.

When shooting, it is necessary on the one hand to ensure the security of all combat participants 11 moving within the training area 10 against shelling and on the other hand to prevent the shooting combat participants 11 from shooting beyond the boundary line 18 of the training area 10. In order to ensure this so-called internal and external security during the shooting operation, a safety device for the shooting operation is installed in the training area 10, which includes one monitoring device 20 and several arranged in the monitoring center 14

Security devices 21 includes, one of which is equipped for each firing combat participant 11. The monitoring device 20 and the safety devices 21 on the firing combat participants 11 are connected to one another via the radio data transmission and exchange relevant data via the radio data transmission to ensure safety during the shooting operation. The non-firing combat participants 11 are equipped with at least one position sensor and a radio data transmission transmitter, so that the non-firing combat participant 11 can transmit its position and possibly further data recorded on site to the monitoring device 20.

2, the components of the monitoring device 20 are shown in the block diagram. The monitoring device 20 comprises a radio receiver 22 and a radio transmitter 23, a central computer 24 and a database 25, in which the cartographically recorded training area 10 with the boundary line 18 and with the placement of the stationary objects 13 to be protected is stored. In the central resident 24, the data received via the radio receiver 22 by the combat participants 11, that is to say both by the shooting and the non-shooting combat participants 11, are processed in the correct position and are sent as default data to the radio transmitter 23, which codes them in the training area 10 for the individual shooting Battle participant 11 radiates.

In Fig. 3, the components for a security device 21 equipped for each firing combat participant 11 are shown in the block diagram. The safety device 21 has a radio transmitter 26, a radio receiver 27, a position sensor 28 for determining the current position P (t) of the firing combat participant 11, a weapon position sensor 29 for detecting the

Swivel angle position α (t) of the weapon 17 in azimuth, optionally a weapon position sensor 30 for detecting the weapon position ε (t) in elevation, an ammunition selector switch 31 with which the type of ammunition to be fired with the weapon 17 is selected, and an optical and a Acoustic display element 34, 35, which signal the firing combat participant 11 that a shot is released. In addition, a shot lock 36 can be provided in the safety device 21, which blocks the manual triggering of a shot by a weapon trigger 37. The processor 32, which switches on the optical and acoustic display element 34, 35 to detect the release of the shot, deactivates the shot lock 36 when the shot is released, so that the weapon 17 can be fired with the weapon trigger 37.

Each non-firing combat participant 11 is equipped with a safety device 21 '(FIG. 1) which is greatly reduced in terms of components and which, as is not shown further here, only comprises the radio transmitter 26 and the position sensor 28 for determining the current position P (t). The positions of the non-firing combat participant 11 determined by the position sensor 28, like the position of the firing combat participants 11, are transmitted at intervals from the radio transmitter 26 to the monitoring center 14. In the exemplary embodiment described, the position determination by the position sensor 28 is based on the global position system (GPS), as is the case with the firing combat participant 11. Alternative methods for determining the position are of course possible.

With the monitoring device 20 with its components installed in the monitoring center 14 and with the security devices 21 with its components equipped with the individual shooting combat participants 11 and with the security devices 21 'with the components equipped with the non-shooting combat participants 11, the radio transmitter 26 and position sensor 28 becomes shooting safety is guaranteed according to the following procedure: For each firing combat participant 11 and non-firing combat participant 11, its current position P (t) is continuously determined by means of the position sensor 28 and reported to the monitoring center 14 via the radio transmitter 26. The position P (t) is determined in time intervals, each position P being assigned the time t of its determination. The size of the time interval between the position outputs of the combat participants 11 depends on their speed and shortens as the speed increases and the distance from the other combat participants 11 increases. In the monitoring center 14, all positions of the combat participants 11 determined in this way are shown in the site plan provided by the database 25 of the practice area 10. In the central computer 24, for each shooting combat participant 11, taking into account the position of the respective shooting combat participant 11, the positions of all other combat participants 11, the positions of the stationary objects 13, the possible movement areas of all combat participants 11 and the boundary line 18 of the training area 10, permitted shot sectors 38 (Fig. 1) calculated in which can be fired by the respective shooting combat participant 11, to which these shot sectors 38 are assigned, within the training area 10 outlined by the boundary line 18. These permissible shot sectors 28 are transmitted individually by the monitoring center 14 to the firing combat participants 11 by radio data transmission. The calculated, permitted shot sectors 38 can additionally be subjected to a plausibility check and excluded from transmission to the shooting combat participants 11. Such reasons for exclusion can include, for example, the absence of targets in the respective shooting sector or be didactic or tactical reasons. The shot sectors 38 approved for transmission to the shooting combat participants are assigned the time of their calculation and a period of validity, so that each data telegram emitted via the radio transmitter 23 to the shooting combat participants 11 contains the coordinates of the shot sectors 38, the time of their calculation and the validity period.

In FIG. 1, for the three firing combat participants 11, the approved shot sectors 38 calculated by the monitoring device 20, which are assigned to the individual shooting combat participants 11, are shown schematically. For the top, firing combat participant 11 in FIG. 1, only a single, approved shooting sector 38 was issued. For the left-hand, shooting combat participant 11 in FIG. 1, two shot sectors 38 are permitted, while for the lower, shooting combat participant 11 in FIG. 1, three possible shot sectors 38 are specified. Each shot sector 38 is defined, for example, by an azimuth angle θ, which is in each case related to the individual position of the respective shooting combat participant 11. The _. Azimuth angle θ is defined, for example, by a north-related, lower angular limit θ _Gi and a north-related, upper angular limit & _G 2, as shown in FIG. 1 for the shooting sector 38 of the upper, firing combat participant 11.

The transmitted data telegrams coded by the radio transmitter 23, which contain the defined shot sectors 38 for the time t and their period of validity, that is to say for example the angular limits θ _G ι (t) and θ _G2 (t), are transmitted by the radio receiver 27 of the shooting combat participant 11 addressed by the coding received, decoded and fed to the processor 32. The processor 32 checks whether the current weapon position 39 of the weapon 17 of the firing combat participant 11, which in the exemplary embodiment is supplied to the processor 32 by the azimuthal pivoting angle α (t) of the weapon 17, coincides in time with the assigned shot sectors 38, that is, whether the The time of the weapon position determination lies within the period of validity of the assigned shot sectors 38. If this is the case, the processor 32 checks whether the current weapon position 39 of the firing combat participant 11 lies within one of the shot sectors 38 assigned to it. Otherwise, ie if the period of validity of one or more shot sectors 38 does not include, detect, cover or span the time of determining the position of the weapon, this shot sector 38 or these shot sectors 38 are eliminated and are no longer taken into account. If the current weapon position 39 lies within a firing sector 38, firing by the firing combat participant 11 is permitted for this firing sector 38, and the processor 32 generates a firing release signal which switches on the optical display element 34 and / or the acoustic display element 35 for signaling the firing release and possibly the shot lock 36 for the weapon trigger 37 deactivated. The firing combat participant 11 is now able to fire a shot at the targeted target 12 with the current weapon position 39.

In order to illustrate this process, the north-related angle limits θ _G ι and θ _G2 des are exemplified in FIG Azimuth angle θ of a shooting sector 38 approved for the upper, firing combat participant 11 is shown and is, for example, 40 ° or 295 °. The north-related, azimuthal swivel angle α of the weapon 17 is, for example, 333 °. In this case, the swivel angle α is substantially larger than the upper angle limit & _G2 and smaller than the upper angle limit θ _G ι. The current weapon position 39 is therefore within the firing sector 38. If the firing combat participant 11 does not change his position, he can combat all three targets 12 within this approved firing sector 38. If he points the weapon 17 at the target 12 on the right in FIG. 1, the north-related, azimuthal pivoting angle α of the weapon 17 decreases considerably, but is still within the angular limits θ _si and θ _{G2 of} this shot sector 38, so that the condition for the release of the shot is also fulfilled in this pivoted position of the weapon 17.

Since it cannot usually be assumed that the projectile fired at the current weapon position 39 of the firing combat participant 11 moves in the vertical plane passing through the barrel axis of the weapon 17, but deviates more or less sideways from it, the weapon type of the firing combat participant 11 and the type of ammunition to be fired with this type of weapon defines a danger zone 33 as a spatial extension in the training area 10. Such a danger zone 33 is shown as an example in FIG. 4. The geometric shape of such a danger zone can look very different depending on the type of weapon and ammunition. The defined danger zone 33 is compared with the current weapon position 39 allowable shot sectors 38 is taken into account by checking whether the danger zone 33 at the current weapon position 39 is within one of the allowable shot sectors 38. Only if this is the case is a shot released for this shot sector 38.

Alternatively, the danger zone 33 can also be taken into account in the central computer 24 of the monitoring device 20, for which purpose it is necessary that the firing combat participants 11 contact the

Monitoring device 20 also transmit the type of ammunition to be fired by them by radio data transmission. By including the danger zone 33 in the calculation of the permissible shot sectors 38, the sector boundaries θ _G1 and θ _{G2 of} the shot sectors 38 are reduced, so that the permissible shot sectors 38 are more restricted in their angular width.

When calculating the permissible shot sectors 38, so-called system tolerances can also be included, which arise from the fact that e.g. Error tolerances occur when determining the position of combat participants 11 and when determining the current weapon position 39.

An approved firing sector 38 for a firing combat participant 11 calculated by the central computer 24 always has a depth or length which is greater than the range of the projectile to be fired by the weapon 17 of the firing combat participant 11. Alternatively, it is possible to shorten the shot for the shooting combat participant 11 by for a maximum elevation angle φ is given to the firing combat participant 11 for each authorized shot sector 38, which is fed to the processor 32 via the radio receiver 27. By means of the weapon position sensor 30, the current attachment or elevation angle ε (t) of the weapon 17 is fed to the processor 32, and the processor 32 compares the predetermined maximum elevation angle φ (t) with the current attachment ε (t) of the weapon 17 of the firing combat participant 11 If the latter is smaller than the predetermined maximum elevation angle φ (t), the shot release is released, if this is not the case, a shot release is blocked.

Claims

A method for ensuring the safety at the firing operation with a sharp shot practicing in a confined and a monitoring center (14) of the monitored practice area (10) under combat conditions, ^'mobile combat subscriber (11), characterized in that continuously during the battle subscribers (11) whose the current position is determined and it is reported to the surveillance center (14) that in the surveillance center (14) with the reported current positions and the movement ranges of all combat participants (11) which can be derived therefrom for each firing combat participant (11) taking into account the limit (18) of the training area (10) current, permissible firing sectors (38) are calculated and transmitted individually to the firing combat participant (11) and that for each firing combat participant (11) the current weapon position is compared to the assigned firing sectors (38) and a firing trigger for one Gun sector (38) is only permitted if the current weapon position (39) is within this gun sector (38).

Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the calculated shot sectors (38) are defined by azimuth angles (θ) applied to the position of the shooting combat participants (11).

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that each azimuth angle (θ) by a lower and upper, each north-related angle limit (θsι, θ _G 2) is determined.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that in the calculation of the allowable, current shot sectors (38) for each firing combat participant (11) based on the weapon type of the shooting combat participant (11) and the type of with this weapon type ammunition to be fired is taken into account as the spatial extent in the training area (10) of certain danger area (33).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that based on the weapon type of the firing combat participant (11) and the ammunition to be fired with this weapon type for each firing combat participant (11) a danger zone (33) as a spatial extension in the training area ( 10) is determined and that when comparing the weapon position (39) with the specified current shot sectors (38) the danger zone (33) is taken into account in such a way that the triggering of the shot is only permitted if the current weapon position (39) Danger zone (33) lies within the approved shooting sector (38).

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that additional error tolerances are taken into account in the calculation of the permissible shot sectors (38).

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that those fault tolerances are taken into account, which can occur in the position determination and the detection of weapons position.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that in the calculation of the permitted shot sectors (38) the positions of existing within the training area (10) to be protected, stationary objects (13) are included.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that the positions of the

Combat participants (11) are assigned the times of their determination as well as the calculated shot sectors (38), the times of their calculation and a period of validity in each case and that the shooting combat participants (11) only have assigned shot sectors (38) for comparison with the current weapon position (39). are permitted, the assigned period of validity of which includes the time of determination of the current weapon position (39).

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that from the calculated, permitted shot sectors (38) selected shot sectors (38) are excluded from the transmission to the shooting combat participants (11) by means of predetermined criteria.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the absence of goals and / or didactic and / or tactical reasons are specified as criteria.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that an optical and / or acoustic display is triggered upon approval of the shot release.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that with each firing combat participant (11) a shot release is permanently blocked and the blocking of the shot release is deactivated with approval of the shot release.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that the reporting of the positions of the combat participants (11) and the transmission of the calculated, permitted shot sectors (38) to the shooting combat participants (11) by means of data radio between the combat participants (11) and the monitoring center (14) is carried out.