EP1454037A1 - Gebautes ventil f r hubkolbenmaschinen - Google Patents
Gebautes ventil f r hubkolbenmaschinenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1454037A1 EP1454037A1 EP02783047A EP02783047A EP1454037A1 EP 1454037 A1 EP1454037 A1 EP 1454037A1 EP 02783047 A EP02783047 A EP 02783047A EP 02783047 A EP02783047 A EP 02783047A EP 1454037 A1 EP1454037 A1 EP 1454037A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- stem
- plate
- valve stem
- valve plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
- F01L2301/02—Using ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
Definitions
- the invention is based on a built valve for reciprocating piston machines according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 2,136,690.
- the US-PS 2 136 690 shows, among other things, a multi-part full stem valve, in which the valve seat is armored with a wear-resistant material.
- the armor consists of a prefabricated, centrally perforated and conically beveled washer on the outer edge made of a resistant and good heat-conducting composite material, this armor washer extending to the edge of the valve plate and forming the sealing surface on the plate side.
- the composite material is formed by a matrix of a tough and conductive, preferably copper-containing metal, in which finely divided particles of a hard and resistant material such as tungsten are firmly embedded. These hard particles should not only protect the matrix, but also prevent or at least delay the destruction of the valve sealing surfaces.
- the disk serving for armoring is riveted together with a support disk made of conventional valve material on the combustion chamber side to the end of the valve stem on the plate side, the shaft material serving as a rivet.
- the valve disk is here in several parts, namely formed from two disks. A relatively wide shoulder is forged onto the valve stem in order to ensure that the valve disc, which consists of armor plate and support plate, does not tilt, and is axially supported.
- the plate-side end of the valve Shaft protrudes with a pin serving as a rivet shaft through the central opening of the two disks, the outermost end of this pin being shaped into a rivet countersunk head that extends in a countersink of the support disk opening.
- valve disk is positively connected to the valve stem in both directions of action of the axial force - pressure and tension.
- a disadvantage of the known valve is that a radially relatively wide shoulder has to be integrally formed on the valve stem in order to guide the disc assembly of the multi-part valve disc against tilting, the radial width of which corresponds to approximately a third of the stem diameter in the embodiment shown in the prior art.
- the upset shoulder not only takes on the function of a tilt-proof, axial support of the multi-layer valve plate, but also, due to the smooth transition from the shaft cross section to the shoulder circumference, the function of a flow guide body on the flow-around top of the valve plate.
- Another disadvantage is that, due to the high-frequency shock loads, microfine relative shifts between the connected parts in the direction of rotation can occur, which can lead to wear on the contact surfaces and thus to a loosening of the connection.
- valves known therefrom are all provided with a hollow stem for production reasons, which is advantageous in the present invention, but is by no means a mandatory requirement.
- Advantageous The known valve is the low weight and / or the long service life of the valve, which are due to the fact that thermally and / or tribologically highly resilient lightweight materials, in particular ceramic or titanium aluminide, can be used for the valve disk.
- a disadvantage of the known valve is that due to possible differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion, which may be considerable depending on the material pairing, the preload in the connection between the stem and plate can decrease at the operating temperature of the built valve. Under the stresses that occur during operation, this could likewise lead to a relative displacement of the contact surfaces, as a result of which contact wear and a loosening of the connection.
- EP 296 619 AI which also shows a built valve, the structural components of which consist of different materials.
- the tubular valve stem is preferably made of chrome-molybdenum steel.
- the valve disk which should preferably consist of the intermetallic phase titanium aluminide, can be manufactured by precision casting.
- the finished valve plate is provided with a blind hole on the top to accommodate the shaft end on the plate side.
- the valve stem can be fastened in the blind hole by shrinking, cold pressing, soldering or by a combination of these connection techniques.
- the reveal of the blind hole is also axially corrugated, the end wall of the shaft tube being expanded under the influence of pressure and local heating and being intended to fit positively into the bore-side shafts.
- the object of the invention is to improve the generic valve on the basis that the connection between the valve plate and valve stem is increased in its durability.
- valve plate 1 is an individual perspective view of a valve plate with a view of its combustion chamber side and the non-circular extension of the center opening
- FIG. 2 shows a fully assembled valve using a valve plate according to FIG. 1, 3 and 4 two further exemplary embodiments of valve plates or of non-circular extensions of the center opening, and
- FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a built valve with a hollow shaft and a separate expansion section indicated in two different variants in the connection between the valve plate and the shaft.
- valve 1, 1 ', 1 "for reciprocating piston engines which comprises a valve stem 2, 2', 2" and a structurally separate valve plate 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3, which is connected to the valve stem 2 in a form-fitting manner both in the pushing and pulling directions.
- the monolithic valve disk 3, 3 ', 3", 3, with a continuous central opening 4, 4' provided for receiving the end of the valve stem on the plate side, the edge of which lies on the combustion chamber side 10 of the valve plate 3 is flared, thus forming an extension 6, 6 ', 6 ".
- the valve stem 2 in turn, has the depth of insertion of the valve stem into the center opening on the outer circumference delimiting, axially perpendicular collar 7, 7 ', whereas in the area of the central opening 4 of the valve disk 3 an annular contact surface 5, 5' for contacting the shaft-side collar s 7 is provided.
- the combustion chamber-side or plate-side end 13, 13 'of the valve stem - after the plate and stem have been put together - is plastically widened in the area of the combustion chamber-side extension 6 of the central opening in a manner that fills it in a form-fitting manner, so that a compression 8, 8' is produced. which together with the pair of contact surfaces form a positive connection between the plate and in the pulling and pushing directions Shaft forms.
- the pair of axial contact surfaces 5 and 7 need only be narrow in the radial direction.
- a tilt-proof guidance of the valve plate relative to the valve stem is achieved by the overall height of the valve plate and the correspondingly large insertion depth of the stem in the valve plate.
- the anti-rotation device between the valve plate and valve stem effectively prevents a relative movement of the connected parts during engine operation and thus prevents wear in the joint caused by creeping movements. Because of this, the joint is better able to withstand the thermal and mechanical loads that permanently occur during engine operation.
- the anti-rotation device can be manufactured without additional manufacturing effort.
- the expansion 6 of the central opening 4 on the combustion chamber side is conical in the manner of a truncated pyramid with rounded edges. formed between the flat sides.
- the valve plate 3, according to FIG. 5 the same form of extension 6 is assumed, as can be seen in FIG. 1, but the valve plate 3, according to FIG. 5, differs in terms of other features from the valve plate 3 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, whereupon to be discussed in more detail below.
- the expansion 6' on the combustion chamber side is essentially also conical, namely that a cone which is coaxial to the center opening is superimposed on a cone which is strongly oval, the two overlapping cone types being strongly rounded in the area of the mutual overlaps pass.
- the valve disk 3 "shown in FIG. 4 has only a strongly oval, conical extension 6".
- extensions 6, 6 ', 6 are on the one hand strongly non-circular, but can be completely and accurately filled due to smooth transitions or deviations from a rotational shape by means of an upsetting 8, 8' plastically molded into the extension. Both Characterizations are important for an effective form closure against mutual twisting.
- the smooth transitions or deviations from a rotary form are also advantageous with regard to the production of such extensions 6, 6 ', 6 ", be it that they are forged by a molding tool , Casting, mold sintering - or be produced by a cutting non-circular turning process.
- the production of the non-circular extensions 6 mentioned does not require any additional effort in comparison to the production of rotationally symmetrical countersinks, in particular not if the extensions are produced by a molding tool that forms the valve disk.
- the exemplary embodiment of a valve 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a solid valve stem 1, in which the stem-side collar 7 is worked out, for example, by a cutting turning process.
- the collar 7 is relatively narrow radially and only needs to absorb the axial preload of the connection.
- the radial width b of the shaft-side collar 7 or the plate-side contact surface 5 corresponds to a maximum of approximately 25%, preferably approximately 15 to 20% of the shaft diameter D.
- the security against tilting of the valve plate 3 relative to the shaft 2 is due to the relatively large overall height of the plate and accordingly Great insertion depth of the shaft is guaranteed.
- the insertion depth is significantly larger than the diameter of the shaft in this area.
- a massive valve stem i.e. such a one with a full cross-section may well be considered in a multi-part valve from a weight point of view, if a lightweight material is used for the valve disk.
- the weight saving compared to a conventional valve then lies exclusively in the lower weight of the valve plate.
- the following materials should be mentioned as lightweight materials as the plate materials in question:
- SiC silicon carbide
- an intermetallic phase in particular titanium aluminide
- these materials also have excellent thermal and mechanical properties that make them particularly desirable as valve materials.
- these materials have so far always failed due to a cost-prohibitive workability and / or on a safe and permanent connection technology between the stem and valve plate.
- the stem made of a valve steel can be hollow, as shown in the example of the valve 1 'or 1 "according to FIG. 5.
- the end walls of the hollow stem are sealed gas-tight, which is highly efficient, for example, by means of a rolling flow process
- Such a hollow shaft can also be partially filled with a coolant, for example with sodium, so that the level of the operating temperature of the valve can be lowered.
- This compression can be carried out in the warm state, for example also by means of the roll flow process mentioned the expansion 6 of the central opening 4 'on the combustion chamber side is filled in positively by the upsetting 8', so that an effective anti-rotation lock is produced between the plate 3 and the shaft 2 'or 2 ".
- the axially perpendicular collar 7 'attached to the outside of the valve stem 2', 2 "and limiting the insertion depth is inserted, precisely fitting pipe sleeve 11 of a certain length L.
- the tubular sleeve is fixed immovably with its end remote from the plate in a predetermined axial position on the valve stem 2 ', 2 ".
- the tubular sleeve is supported on a collar 12' of the stem 2 ', whereas in the variant shown on the right the end of the pipe sleeve remote from the plate is connected to the shaft 2 ′′ by means of a ring weld 12.
- the end face of the tubular sleeve 11 facing the valve plate 3 forms the shaft-side collar 7 'in both cases. Due to the fixing 12, 12 'of the sleeve 11 on the valve stem tube, which is remote from the plate on one side, the axially opposite collar 7' can shift axially relative to the valve stem tube within the scope of the material elasticity, the greater the length L, the greater this elastically induced displacement distance the cuff is.
- the contact surface 5 ' which is arranged in the region of the central opening 4' of the valve disk 3 and corresponds to the shaft-side collar 7 'is axially displaced into the interior of the central opening 4'. This results in a significantly smaller clamping length l than the axial height of the valve plate 3 or corresponds to the length L of the sleeve 11.
- the upsetting 8' is molded into the extension 6 and the positive connection between the stem and the valve disc is established. It is important in the joining process of the disc and stem that If the valve disk is made of a material with a significantly lower coefficient of thermal expansion than steel the positive connection at room temperature of the finished valve is under the highest possible axial preload. Only due to a high axial preload of the joint and due to the special design of the elastically displaceable collar 7 'with preload reserve can it be ensured that the valve disc 3, which is made of ceramic, for example, will still have a certain residual preload on the valve even when the valve is at operating temperature - shaft remains clamped. The greater the ratio of sleeve length L to clamping length l, the greater the preload reserve of the connection. It can therefore be entirely expedient to extend the sleeve 11 over almost the entire length of the valve stem.
- the sleeve 11 and the valve disk should be as cold as possible during the manufacture of the upsetting 8 'and the part of the valve stem tube which is inside the sleeve should be as warm as possible.
- a temperature compensation between the parts mentioned should only take place after the upsetting 8 'has cooled and can no longer plastically deform.
- An axial preload builds up due to the delayed compensation of such a forced temperature difference.
- the pre-tension at room temperature that decreases with increasing operating temperature should be selected or aimed for as high as possible. Optimally, the pre-tensioning at room temperature should be close to the elastic limit of the steel material.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10160942A DE10160942A1 (de) | 2001-12-12 | 2001-12-12 | Gebautes Ventil für Hubkolbenmaschinen |
DE10160942 | 2001-12-12 | ||
PCT/EP2002/012143 WO2003050395A1 (de) | 2001-12-12 | 2002-10-31 | Gebautes ventil für hubkolbenmaschinen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1454037A1 true EP1454037A1 (de) | 2004-09-08 |
Family
ID=7708879
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02783047A Withdrawn EP1454037A1 (de) | 2001-12-12 | 2002-10-31 | Gebautes ventil f r hubkolbenmaschinen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6938602B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1454037A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2005511961A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10160942A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003050395A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003100223A1 (de) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-04 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung eines gebauten ventils mit hohlschaft für hubkolbenmaschinen |
DE10354076B4 (de) * | 2003-11-19 | 2006-03-09 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Leichtbauventil |
DE10354085B4 (de) | 2003-11-19 | 2005-11-24 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Leichtbauventil |
DE10354077B4 (de) * | 2003-11-19 | 2005-10-20 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Leichtbauventil |
DE10354086B4 (de) | 2003-11-19 | 2005-11-24 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Leichtbauventil |
US8133615B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2012-03-13 | Eveready Battery Company, Inc. | Alkaline electrochemical cell |
MX2007004600A (es) * | 2007-04-17 | 2008-12-01 | Tubos De Acero De Mexico S A | Un tubo sin costura para la aplicación como secciones verticales de work-over. |
US8573178B2 (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2013-11-05 | Pinnacle Engines, Inc. | Sleeve valve assembly |
JP5625967B2 (ja) | 2011-02-03 | 2014-11-19 | スズキ株式会社 | 内燃機関の吸気バルブ |
DE102011090203A1 (de) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Design eines Ventil-Schließkörpers |
DE102014202021A1 (de) | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-06 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Messung einer Wandstärke bei Hohlventilen |
DE102016207799A1 (de) | 2016-05-04 | 2017-11-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Gaswechselventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102017127986A1 (de) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-29 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Innengekühltes Ventil mit Ventilboden und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2136690A (en) | 1930-08-12 | 1938-11-15 | Eaton Mfg Co | Internal combustion engine valve and seat |
JPS5623507A (en) | 1979-08-02 | 1981-03-05 | Toshiba Corp | Exhaust valve |
JPS643007U (de) | 1987-06-25 | 1989-01-10 | ||
WO1994019143A1 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-01 | Ryobi Outdoor Products, Inc. | Method of making a two piece valve |
DE10029299C2 (de) | 2000-06-14 | 2003-03-27 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Mehrteilig zusammengesetztes Ventil für Hubkolbenmaschinen |
DE10038332A1 (de) * | 2000-08-05 | 2002-02-14 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Mehrteilig zusammengesetztes Leichtbauventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
-
2001
- 2001-12-12 DE DE10160942A patent/DE10160942A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-10-31 JP JP2003551406A patent/JP2005511961A/ja active Pending
- 2002-10-31 EP EP02783047A patent/EP1454037A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-10-31 WO PCT/EP2002/012143 patent/WO2003050395A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-10-31 US US10/498,064 patent/US6938602B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03050395A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20050076875A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
US6938602B2 (en) | 2005-09-06 |
DE10160942A1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
JP2005511961A (ja) | 2005-04-28 |
WO2003050395A1 (de) | 2003-06-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20040529 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SK TR |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SCHLEGL, MARTIN Inventor name: MEINTSCHEL, JENS Inventor name: THIEMANN, KARL-HEINZ Inventor name: STOLK, THOMAS Inventor name: VON GAISBERG-HELFENBERG, ALEXANDER Inventor name: HORA, PAVEL |
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GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20070623 |