EP1450055A2 - Hutmuttern aus Metall - Google Patents
Hutmuttern aus Metall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1450055A2 EP1450055A2 EP04004090A EP04004090A EP1450055A2 EP 1450055 A2 EP1450055 A2 EP 1450055A2 EP 04004090 A EP04004090 A EP 04004090A EP 04004090 A EP04004090 A EP 04004090A EP 1450055 A2 EP1450055 A2 EP 1450055A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nut
- hat
- welding
- cap
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/64—Making machine elements nuts
- B21K1/70—Making machine elements nuts of special shape, e.g. self-locking nuts, wing nuts
- B21K1/707—Self-locking nuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/64—Making machine elements nuts
- B21K1/70—Making machine elements nuts of special shape, e.g. self-locking nuts, wing nuts
- B21K1/704—Cap nuts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/14—Cap nuts; Nut caps or bolt caps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
- F16B39/284—Locking by means of elastic deformation
Definitions
- the invention relates to cap nuts made of metal, in which both the actual The nut body and hat are made of metal.
- cap nuts If there are no other special features of such cap nuts, such all-metal cap nuts have either been made in the past produced in one piece, for example by means of cold forming, or in the latter Time also from two parts, namely the hat on the one hand and the rest of the nut body on the other hand, produced, again preferably by means of cold forming, and then welded together.
- a first special shape are so-called pre-formed all-metal nuts, too in the form of cap nuts:
- a second special form are nuts with a captive, but rotatable opposite the washer arranged on the nut body, so-called combination nuts.
- These combination nuts in the form of cap nuts have not been used either made in two parts by welding, because it was believed that Welding the hat the rotatability of the connection between mother and Washer, both of which are made of metal, hampered, especially one Jamming, gluing or welding between the washer and the nut body can occur, especially when welding by means of arc welding is carried out.
- a third special form are so-called weld nuts, i.e. nuts with which over the pressing surface with which the nut is to be in contact with a plant part is a protruding one Elevation, usually ring-shaped around the threaded bore, wherein the pressing surface of these screws mostly against the actual nut body is enlarged.
- weld nuts are then attached to a supporting object, for example a sheet, fastened by welding by means of the weld nut Friction welding or arc welding is attached to the supporting object, whereby the ring-shaped bead or the ring-shaped elevation with its initially small one Contact surface against the sheet metal forming a strong, concentrated Arc or a high friction and thus good welding enables.
- a supporting object for example a sheet
- Friction welding or arc welding is attached to the supporting object, whereby the ring-shaped bead or the ring-shaped elevation with its initially small one Contact surface against the sheet metal forming a strong, concentrated Arc or a high friction and thus good welding enables.
- the internal thread Due to the deformation of the internal thread, i.e. the threaded hole, of the body the internal thread receives the desired preload and thus secures against unintentional loosening of the nut in the screw insert.
- the bias of the finished All-metal cap nut when screwing in a round threaded bolt against the threaded bolt is additionally increased by the stability of the nut cap, however, this is taken into account by first deforming the nut body, and thus its preload alone, is chosen to be correspondingly lower than in the production of open nuts without a hat.
- the hat is preferably not removed in the transverse direction from the circular cross-sectional shape deformed out.
- the wall thickness of the hat is max. 1/5, especially max. 1/8, in particular Max. 1/10 of the smallest wall thickness of the nut body, i.e. from the middle the outer hexagon flanks to the bottom of the internal thread.
- the thickness of the wall thickness of the hat is 1 to 3 mm adhered to with an accuracy of +/- 0.10 mm, especially when manufacturing the nutshell made of steel of quality ST70 and better.
- the mother and body preferably grip the current-carrying contact elements on the body unit on the nut body and not on the washer so that the current flow from the body unit to the hat or vice versa do not flow over the contact point between the washer and the body got to.
- the body unit is preferably seated with its for mechanical support flanged edge of the shaft part on a preferably conical support element, while the top hat z. B. is supported by a pan-shaped support element.
- weld nuts i.e. nuts a protruding elevation on the press surface, not on, so here the attack of the contact elements when welding between the hat and the body anywhere, preferably also in the body of the pressing surface forth, can be done.
- the cap nut When welding the finished welding nut to a receiving part the cap nut is preferably in the Gripped area of the nut body, being used for longitudinal support and to apply the longitudinal contact pressure over the outer circumference of the hat protruding top of the nut body is preferably used due to the greater distance to the welding surface, or the paragraph between the Nut body and the enlarged press surface.
- the hat can also be produced by casting instead of using the cold forming process become.
- the hat does not protrude laterally in the final state welded to the body the body, not even over its compressed flanks.
- the inside diameter of the hat is preferably larger than the outside diameter of the internal thread of the nut body, so that one in the internal thread screwed threaded bolt can protrude into the hat.
- Hat and body are preferably made of the same material, in particular Steel or light metal, in particular aluminum.
- Another option is to attach the mother's hat to the body in the course of the transverse deformation of the nut body:
- the advantage is that in terms of handling, positioning of the individual parts etc. only a single operation is required.
- the other possibility is the transverse deformation of the nut body to be used directly as a fastening method for the hat.
- This is for example, possible in the top of the body, for example free interior, an annular recess for inserting the front of the hat is present and in this recess the hat from the deformation of the Thread of the body inserted and deformed together with it and thus non-positively and sufficiently tightly attached to the nut body.
- Fig. 1 first shows the separate manufacture of the hat 9, which is usually by Punching out a circular starting part from a flat sheet and Subsequent cold forming (deep drawing) to the desired cap-shaped Hat with a defined wall thickness happens.
- the nut body is usually also cut to length by cold forming Piece of a round material to a nut blank and subsequent Cutting the internal thread conventionally.
- the internal thread is pre-deformed by pressing jaws 19 either transversely to the longitudinal direction of the thread 10, preferably at two each other opposite or several outer flanks of the outer circumference of the body 11, preferably in the upper area, attack and the mother press together a little, which causes the threaded hole 12 from the original round is deformed into a slightly oval shape.
- Fig. 2 differs from the procedure of Fig. 1 in that the Body unit already consists of two parts, namely the body 11 and the captive but rotatable washer 17.
- the body 11 has a protruding in the direction of the pressing surface 7 Shaft part 13 via which the washer 17 produced as a stamped part pushed and longitudinally fixed by flanging the free edge of the shaft part 13, but is rotatably held.
- the mechanical gripping arms grip hats 9 on the body 11 and / or the electrical contact elements on the body 11 and not on the washer 17, for which the support of the body 11 in the longitudinal direction is preferred via a conical support element 20, which is only on the Shaft part 13, but not on the washer 17.
- Fig. 3 shows the manufacture of a weld nut, which differs from the nut shape of the Fig. 1 differs in that the body 11 on its pressing surface 7 a - usually has a concentric ring-shaped - welding survey 2 and additionally preferably the pressing surface 7 flange-like opposite the underside of the normal body is widened.
- the body 11 is produced as described with reference to FIG. 1 by forming from a generally cylindrical initial part into one Nut blank, the inside thread of which the internal thread was last cut, rolled or introduced in some other way.
- the weld nut is adequately supported Longitudinal direction 10 may be possible.
- this can be done by attaching a corresponding support part 20 on the heel between the widened flange and the hexagon mother.
- the welding nut is designed so that the hat 9 has so much smaller outer diameter than the diameter of the top 6 of the body 11 has that on the resulting heel between hat 9 and body 11 a corresponding Supporting element 20 '- preferably again all around in shape a plug-in nut - support the cap nut and make electrical contact at the same time can be used for welding to the surface.
- the press jaws 19 for the transverse deformation of the body 11 are at the same time the gripping arms 18 and electrical contact elements for introducing current into the body, while other contact elements with the hat 9 approximated at the same time connect the other pole of the circuit.
- a chronological order can still be set are determined by the time the welding current is switched on.
- the time at which the welding current is applied is selected so that the Welding only after the transverse deformation, which is usually carried out suddenly of the body. This can mean that the power supply at the same time as the sudden deformation or - for the safety of the contact not endangered - happens immediately afterwards.
- the mechanical contact time of the press jaws 19 on the body 11 must be sufficient for this be long to allow sufficient time for the material to be welded ensure, preferably between 0.1 s and 0.8 s. That is why the body was mechanically contacted by the press jaws over this period held, that is, over a longer period of time than that for the sudden mechanical deformation would be necessary.
- Another option is to apply the current before mechanical Deformation and the warming that occurs during welding to use the two individual parts for the fact that only after the start of the Mechanical deformation that takes place during heating then requires less effort is needed.
- the recess 21 is not only open to the top 6 of the body 11, but also to the threaded bore 12 out.
- the radial width of the recess 21 is of course larger in this case than the wall thickness of the hat 9 to ensure that - even after the Connection of the two parts - a screwed through the threaded bore 12 Can immerse the threaded bolt in the hat.
- This nose penetrates by inclining the flank 21a and forming a nose in addition, something positive in the outer circumference of the hat 9 increases the security of the connection.
- the hat 9 is not gas-tight, depending on the choice of tolerances for the individual parts, however, possibly liquid-tight, at least sufficient for overpainting the cap nut thus produced, without any paint between Hat 9 and body 11 enter the area of the threaded bore 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1:
- den erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsablauf bei einer Ganzmetall-Hutmutter mit vorverformten Gewinde,
- Fig. 2:
- den analogen Herstellungsablauf bei einer Ganzmetall-Hutmutter mit unverlierbarer Unterlegscheibe,
- Fig. 3:
- den analogen Herstellungsablauf bei einer Ganzmetall-Hutmutter als Schweißmutter,
- Fig. 4:
- eine weitere Art der Befestigung des Hutes und
- Fig. 5:
- eine dritte Art der Befestigung des Hutes.
- 1
- Hutmutter
- 2
- Schweiß-Erhebung
- 3
- Stirnfläche
- 4
- Erhebungen
- 5
- offene Seite
- 6
- Oberseite
- 7
- Pressfläche
- 8,8'
- Einpressungen
- 9
- Hut
- 10
- Gewindelängsrichtung
- 11
- Korpus
- 12
- Gewindebohrung
- 13
- Schaftteil
- 14
- Hinterschneidung
- 15
- innerer Durchmesser
- 16
- Außendurchmesser
- 17
- Unterlegscheibe
- 18,18'
- Greifarme
- 19,19'
- Pressbacken
- 20
- Abstützelement
- 21
- Ausnehmung
- 21a
- Flanke
Claims (19)
- Verfahren zum Herstellen einer verformten Ganzmetall-Mutter als Ganzmetall-Hutmutter (1),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasszunächst der Muttern-Korpus (11) ohne Hut nach Art einer konventionellen Mutter mit Durchgangs-Gewindebohrung (12) hergestellt wird einschließlich der Verformung dieses Ganzmetall-Korpus (11), insbesondere durch Einpressungen (8,8') quer zur Gewindelängsrichtung (10) oder in Gewindelängsrichtung (10) auf der von der Pressfläche (7) abgewandten Oberseite (6) des Korpus (11), undseparate Herstellung des Mutternhutes (9),Aufsetzen des Mutternhutes (9) mit seiner offenen Seite (5) auf die Oberseite (6) des Korpus (11) undVerschweißen von Hut (9) und Korpus (11) zur Hutmutter (1). - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
bei auf der Oberseite (6) des Korpus (11) eingebrachten Verformungen der Hut beim Verschweißen so stark auf die Oberseite (6) gepresst wird, dass vorher auf der Oberseite (6) vorhandene Erhebungen (4) egalisiert werden und/oder eine Gegenverformung in der Stirnfläche (3) des Hutes bewirken. - Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Mutter mit unverlierbarer, drehbarer Unterlegscheibe (17),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasszunächst die Mutter ohne Hut nach Art einer konventionellen Mutter mit Durchgangs-Gewindebohrung (12) hergestellt wird einschließlich der Verformung dieser Ganzmetall-Restmutter, insbesondere durch Einpressungen (8,8') quer zur Gewindelängsrichtung (10) oder in Gewindelängsrichtung (10) auf der von der Pressfläche abgewandten Oberseite (6) der Mutter, undvor oder nach der Verformung die Unterlegscheibe (17) über das Schaftteil (13) des Korpus (11) geschoben und das Schaftteil (13) formschlüssig, jedoch drehbar mit der Unterlegscheibe (17) verbunden wird,separate Herstellung des Mutternhutes,Aufsetzen des Mutternhutes mit seiner offenen Seite (5) auf die Oberfläche der Restmutter undVerschweißen von Hut und Restmutter zur Hutmutter (1). - Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Mutter mit von der Pressfläche (7) vorstehender Erhebung (4) zwecks Verschweißen auf einem Tragobjekt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasszunächst die Mutter ohne Hut nach Art einer konventionellen Mutter mit Durchgangs-Gewindebohrung (12) hergestellt wird einschließlich der Schweißerhebung (2) und der Verformung dieser Ganzmetall-Restmutter, insbesondere durch Einpressungen (8,8') quer zur Gewindelängsrichtung (10) oder in Gewindelängsrichtung (10) auf der von der Pressfläche (7) abgewandten Oberseite (6) der Mutter, undseparate Herstellung des Mutternhutes (1),Aufsetzen des Mutternhutes (1) mit seiner offenen Seite (5) auf die Oberfläche der Restmutter undVerschweißen von Hut und Restmutter zur Hutmutter (1). - Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 und 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
beim Verschweißen des Hutes mit der Restmutter die Restmutter an den Seitenflächen gehalten und/oder elektrisch kontaktiert wird, - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Verschweißen mittels Lichtbogen-Schweißen geschieht. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Verschweißen mittels Reib-Schweißen geschieht. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Verschweißen mittels Laser-Schweißen geschieht. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Herstellung des Hutes im Gussverfahren erfolgt. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Herstellung des Hutes im Kaltumform-Prozess, insbesondere Tiefzieh-Prozess geschieht. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die stirnseitige Anlagefläche eines gegossenen Hutes vor dem Verschweißen mit dem Rest spanend bearbeitet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Stirnfläche (3) des Hutes vor dem Verschweißen mit der Restmutter nicht spanend bearbeitet wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Oberseite (6) der Restmutter nach der Herstellung der Mutternform mittels Kaltverformen nicht zusätzlich plan bearbeitet wird. - Hutmutter (1), bei der der metallische Hut mit dem metallischen Rest der Hutmutter (1) verschweißt ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Hutmutter (1) als verformte Ganzmetall-Mutter ausgebildet ist. - Hutmutter (1) nach Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
bei einer quer zur Gewindelängsrichtung (10) zusammengedrückten Restmutter der Hut nicht seitlich über die zusammengedrückten Außenflächen der Restmutter vorsteht. - Hutmutter (1), bei der der metallische Hut mit dem metallischen Rest der Hutmutter (1) verschweißt ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Hutmutter (1) als eine Mutter mit unverlierbarer, drehbarer Unterlegscheibe (17) ausgebildet ist. - Hutmutter (1), bei der der metallische Hut mit dem metallischen Rest der Hutmutter (1) verschweißt ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Hutmutter (1) als eine Mutter mit von der Pressfläche (7) vorstehender Erhebung (4) zwecks Verschweißen auf einem Tragobjekt ausgebildet ist. - Hutmutter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Vorrichtungsansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der freie innere Durchmesser (15) des Hutes größer ist als der Außendurchmesser (16) des Innengewindes der Restmutter. - Hutmutter (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Vorrichtungsansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
Hut und Restmutter aus dem gleichen Material, bestehen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10307786 | 2003-02-24 | ||
| DE2003107786 DE10307786B8 (de) | 2003-02-24 | 2003-02-24 | Hutmuttern aus Metall |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1450055A2 true EP1450055A2 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
| EP1450055A3 EP1450055A3 (de) | 2004-12-08 |
| EP1450055B1 EP1450055B1 (de) | 2015-11-11 |
Family
ID=32731119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04004090.9A Expired - Lifetime EP1450055B1 (de) | 2003-02-24 | 2004-02-23 | Hutmuttern aus Metall |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1450055B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10307786B8 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2559303T3 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111069494A (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-28 | 陈国维 | 一种建筑顶托螺母的制作工艺 |
| CN112032176A (zh) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-04 | 鸿基伟业(苏州)汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种焊接密封螺母 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013218548A1 (de) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-19 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Lochstempel sowie Verfahren zum Durchstanzen eines Werkstücks, das als Schaummaterial und/oder als Sandwichmaterial vorliegt, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung des Lochstempels |
| DE102021203153A1 (de) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-29 | Richard Bergner Holding GmbH & Co. KG | Einpressmutter und Einpressverbindung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Einpressmutter und einer Einpressverbindung |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1283768A (fr) * | 1960-10-20 | 1962-02-02 | Guest Keen & Nettlefolds Ltd | Perfectionnements apportés aux écrous à souder |
| DE2607701A1 (de) * | 1976-02-25 | 1977-09-01 | Erdmann Heinz Walter | Verfahren zur herstellung selbstsichernder hutmuttern |
| FR2395807A1 (fr) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-01-26 | Towne Robinson Fastener Cy | Procede et machine de faconnage d'un ecrou, notamment pour fixer des roues de vehicules |
| US4784555A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-11-15 | Cantrell Roger M | Protective and ornamental cover for nuts and bolts |
| JPS62215115A (ja) * | 1986-03-14 | 1987-09-21 | 第一工業株式会社 | ワツシヤ−付キヤツプナツトの製造方法 |
| US4744119A (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1988-05-17 | Shigeru Omori | Method of making a two-piece capped lug nut |
| GB8807677D0 (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1988-05-05 | Wednesbury Charles Ltd | Fasteners |
| JPH0799168B2 (ja) * | 1989-01-24 | 1995-10-25 | 株式会社フセラシ | 袋ナット |
| DE19811532A1 (de) * | 1998-03-17 | 1999-09-23 | Emhart Inc | Befestigungseinheit sowie Verfahren zur Ausbildung einer schweißtechnischen Verbindung zwischen einer Befestigungseinheit und einem Bauteil |
| DE20001863U1 (de) * | 2000-02-03 | 2000-04-20 | Siemens AG, 80333 München | Gesicherte Schraubverbindung |
| DE20007534U1 (de) * | 2000-04-26 | 2000-07-27 | Chou, Ming-Chong, Da Jia Zhen, Taichung | Verbesserte Struktur eines Sicherungsschraubenmutterhutes |
-
2003
- 2003-02-24 DE DE2003107786 patent/DE10307786B8/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-02-23 ES ES04004090.9T patent/ES2559303T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-23 EP EP04004090.9A patent/EP1450055B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111069494A (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-28 | 陈国维 | 一种建筑顶托螺母的制作工艺 |
| CN112032176A (zh) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-04 | 鸿基伟业(苏州)汽车零部件有限公司 | 一种焊接密封螺母 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1450055B1 (de) | 2015-11-11 |
| ES2559303T3 (es) | 2016-02-11 |
| DE10307786B8 (de) | 2010-02-11 |
| DE10307786A1 (de) | 2004-09-09 |
| DE10307786B4 (de) | 2009-09-17 |
| EP1450055A3 (de) | 2004-12-08 |
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