EP1448511A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von monoisopropylamin - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von monoisopropylaminInfo
- Publication number
- EP1448511A1 EP1448511A1 EP02796546A EP02796546A EP1448511A1 EP 1448511 A1 EP1448511 A1 EP 1448511A1 EP 02796546 A EP02796546 A EP 02796546A EP 02796546 A EP02796546 A EP 02796546A EP 1448511 A1 EP1448511 A1 EP 1448511A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hydroamination
- mipa
- hydrogenation
- weight
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000005913 hydroamination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical compound CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical compound C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010555 transalkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NCDKOFHLJFJLTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Cd+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NCDKOFHLJFJLTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZOIVSVWBENBHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dizinc;silicate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] ZOIVSVWBENBHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012041 precatalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 9
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052864 hemimorphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UGFCOENRMZWTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-1-en-1-amine Chemical compound CC=CNC(C)C UGFCOENRMZWTFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 C 1 -C 4 alcohols) Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001661 cadmium Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002081 enamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940065285 cadmium compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001662 cadmium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QHLGGLJSGHUBAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-2-amine Chemical compound CC(N)=C QHLGGLJSGHUBAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDAGXZXKTKRFMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-imine Chemical compound CC(C)=N XDAGXZXKTKRFMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004482 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004400 29Si cross polarisation magic angle spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical class [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical group [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000475 acetylene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IFYDWYVPVAMGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]tetradecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCN(C)C IFYDWYVPVAMGRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIRHYSRIYDMUNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-1-en-2-ylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)=C WIRHYSRIYDMUNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWUBKHTYXCOYMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)NCC=C OWUBKHTYXCOYMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAHDKUILRATFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-yne Chemical compound CC#C.CC#C NAHDKUILRATFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010671 solid-state reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/60—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by condensation or addition reactions, e.g. Mannich reaction, addition of ammonia or amines to alkenes or to alkynes or addition of compounds containing an active hydrogen atom to Schiff's bases, quinone imines, or aziranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/64—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by disproportionation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of monoisopropylamine (MIPA; (CH 3 ) CHNH 2 ).
- MIPA is an important organic intermediate product that is required, among other things, as a preliminary product for the production of crop protection products.
- MIPA is manufactured in industry by aminating hydrogenation of isopropanol or acetone with ammonia over catalysts.
- EP-Al-1 106 601 (BASF AG) describes the preparation of MIPA by reacting acetone with ammonia and with hydrogen at elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of a specific catalyst which contains Cu, Ni and Co.
- MIPA can also be made by amination of isopropanol.
- DE-A-19 53 263 (BASF AG) relates to the use of certain Co, Ni and Cu-containing catalysts for the production of amines from alcohols.
- EP-Al-1 106 601, page 2, lines 10-42 For the discussion of the further prior art for the amination of acetone or isopropanol to MIPA, reference is made here to EP-Al-1 106 601, page 2, lines 10-42.
- a disadvantage of the processes for producing MIPA starting from acetone or isopropanol is that these starting materials are relatively expensive.
- C3 building blocks other than acetone such as e.g. can be achieved by using propene, propadiene or propyne.
- Propene, propadiene and propyne are available in relatively large quantities at locations with hydrocracking technology (strea cracker).
- Preferred catalysts for the hydroamination stage are alkali metal dialkylamides and zeolites (claim 10).
- Examples here are the copper salt-catalyzed reactions according to BE 637 033 (BASF AG), alkali metal hydroxide-catalyzed
- EP-Al-982 293 discloses a process for the preparation of imines and / or enamines by addition of ammonia, primary amines or secondary amines to acetylenes and / or allenes, by carrying out the reaction in the gas phase at elevated temperature in the presence performed by an amorphous and / or crystalline zinc and / or cadmium silicate-containing heterogeneous catalyst (claim 1).
- ammonia can be used as a starting material in this process, but alkylamines and cycloalkylamines are preferred.
- Acetylene and methyl acetylene (propyne) are preferred as alkynes which can be used (page 3, line 58).
- the reaction of MIPA with propyne and subsequent hydrogenation leads to N, N-diisopropylamine (DIPA) using this process.
- the object of the present invention was to find an improved, economical process for producing MIPA in good yield and selectivity while overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
- MIPA monoisopropylamine
- the propyne and / or propadiene used in the process according to the invention is preferably used in the form of an appropriately propyne and / or propadiene-containing C3 cut, as can be obtained, for example, from a steam cracker.
- this mixture can also be enriched with propyne beforehand.
- the following table shows the typical composition of a usable, propyne and propadiene-containing, propene-enriched C3 section.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out as follows.
- propyne and / or propadiene is reacted with MIPA under hydroaminating conditions.
- acetone imine (CH 3 ) 2 C (H) -N C (CH 3 ) 2 .
- This first hydroamination step is very particularly preferably carried out in the presence of a catalyst, in particular a heterogeneous catalyst.
- the reaction of monoisopropylamine with propyne and / or propadiene is preferably carried out in the gas phase, for example on a fixed bed or fluidized bed, generally at temperatures from 100 to 370 ° C., absolute pressures from 0.1 to 50 bar, (all pressures based on the sum the partial pressures of the educts), especially at normal pressure.
- Monoisopropylamine (MIPA) with propyne and / or propadiene is generally in the molar ratio of amine to [alkyne + diene] from 0.01 to 100, particularly 0.2 to 10, preferably 0.3 to 5, in particular 0.7 to 2 , 0, implemented.
- Unreacted or excess MIPA can be separated from the reaction mixture obtained (e.g. by distillation) and returned to the hydroamination reaction.
- An amorphous and / or crystalline zinc and / or cadmium silicate-containing heterogeneous catalyst is particularly preferably used as the hydroamination catalyst.
- Such catalysts are e.g. in EP-A-887 330, EP-A-887 331 and EP-A-982 293 (all BASF AG).
- catalysts containing zinc and / or cadmium silicate preference is given to those selected from the groups (a), (b) and (c) explained below:
- e means the values 0 to the sum of 2a + 2c
- the ratio a / c is 1 to 3.5
- f / a is 0 to 200.
- X-ray amorphous zinc silicate or cadmium silicate catalysts are obtained, for example, by loading amorphous silica with a zinc salt or cadmium salt and shaping the catalyst by a thermal treatment.
- the Si0 carrier is at least predominantly amorphous, has a BET surface area between 10 and 1500 m 2 / g, preferably 100 to 500 m 2 / g, a water absorption capacity of 0.1 to 2 ml / g, preferably 0.7 to 1.3 ml / g, and can be used as a powder or as a finished molded article.
- the carrier can also be calcined before impregnation. However, the carrier is preferably not calcined.
- a zinc-soluble or cadmium compound is a compound that is soluble in a suitable solvent.
- Zinc (II) salts which are soluble in water or aqueous ammonia or alcohols, preferably lower alcohols and whose decomposition temperature is below 400 ° C. to 500 ° C. are preferably used.
- An ammoniacal zinc (II) acetate solution is particularly preferably used for the impregnation. In some cases, it has proven advantageous to carry out the loading with zinc in several successive impregnation steps. Such impregnation processes are known in the art and are known to the person skilled in the art (see also below).
- the catalyst can be brought into the desired shape by shaping (e.g. by mixing, kneading and extruding or tableting).
- pore formers can also be added during the shaping (e.g. superabsorbents such as Lutexal® P (BASF AG, Ludwigshafen) or Walocel® (methyl cellulose / synthetic resin combination; Wolff, Walsrode)).
- superabsorbents such as Lutexal® P (BASF AG, Ludwigshafen) or Walocel® (methyl cellulose / synthetic resin combination; Wolff, Walsrode)
- another carrier for example Al 2 0 3
- R organic radical, for example C 1 -C 8 -alkyl
- the zinc or cadmium loading can vary within wide limits. Typical values for an uncalcined precatalyst which was prepared by impregnating an SiO 2 support with a zinc salt or cadmium salt are, for example, between 1 and 60% by weight of Zn or Cd, preferably between 7 and 30% by weight, in particular between 10 and 25% by weight (each calculated as ZnO or CdO).
- the precatalyst can also be doped with compounds of other elements, preferably with alkali, alkaline earth or transition metals.
- the catalytically active component can be doped with up to 80, preferably up to 50 and in particular up to 20 mole percent with further metals, selected from group (A) consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, Manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and copper, and group (B), consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, tin and lead, the elements of group (A) being partially zinc or cadmium and the elements of the group (B) partially replace silicon.
- group (A) consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, Manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and copper
- group (B) consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, tin and lead, the elements of group (A) being partially zinc or cadmium and the elements of the group (B) partially replace silicon.
- the precatalyst can then be calcined at a temperature of at most 600 ° C., preferably between 80 and 400 ° C., in air or under an inert gas. Calcination between 120 and 325 ° C. in air is particularly preferred.
- a formation is generally carried out in which - especially on the surface of the catalyst - the actual active phase formed.
- This solid-state reaction is promoted by the presence of water, alcohols, preferably lower alcohols (such as C 1 -C 4 alcohols), carboxylic acids, preferably lower carboxylic acids (such as C 1 -C 4 carboxylic acids), ammonia or amines, and is therefore expediently heated by heating the Precatalyst carried out at a temperature between 50 and 400 ° C in an aqueous atmosphere containing alcohol and / or amine.
- the reaction is preferably carried out between 100 and 350 ° C. in an aqueous gas mixture containing methanol and / or ethylamine. It is particularly preferred to carry out the reaction between 120 and 300 ° C. with an amine-containing gas mixture directly in the reactor in which the reaction of the propyne and / or propadiene with the MIPA is to take place later.
- the corresponding mercury silicates can be produced in the same way, but are less technically and ecologically less suitable.
- Standard methods were used to characterize the catalyst samples (fresh as well as removal samples).
- the measured BET surface area is typically between 10 and 800 m 2 / g. Catalysts with BET surface areas between 100 and 400 m 2 / g are preferred.
- the samples were examined in detail by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). With both structure-elucidating methods no long-range order in the sense of a crystalline structure can be detected, all samples were amorphous. The distribution of the zinc over the carrier was examined on corresponding sections in the electron microscope and in the microsensor. All samples show, even after removal, that the catalyst has a largely homogeneous element distribution and contains little or no crystalline ZnO.
- Catalysts dried at room temperature have a C / Zn ratio of 3.5-4. After calcination at 200-250 ° C (optimal temperature), the C / Zn ratio is between 1 and 2. At higher temperatures, the C / Zn ratio drops even further, as does the catalytic activity of the catalysts formed from it. After calcination at 500 ° C (24 hours), the C / Zn ratio in the precatalyst is 0.02. No active catalyst can be formed from this. Since the decomposition of the zinc acetate on the precatalyst is relatively slow, it can be exposed to even higher temperatures for a short time without the catalytic activity being completely lost.
- Hemimorphite is a zinc silicate of the formula ZnSi 0 (OH) 2 »H 2 0.
- heterogeneous catalysts are suitable for the reaction according to the invention which contain at least predominantly zinc silicate with the structure of the hemimorphite of the formula Zn 4 Si as an active component 2 0 (OH) _ 2y O y * xH0, where x and y each represent values from 0 to 1.
- hemimorphite The production of hemimorphite is known from the literature. It can take place under normal conditions or hydrothermal conditions. A hemimorphite is preferably used as it is obtained according to the information in EP-A-887 330 (BASF AG).
- an X-ray amorphous product with improved catalytic properties can be obtained with shorter reaction times than is required for the precursor for the production of a crystalline hemimorphite.
- an aqueous suspension or solution of an alkali or alkaline earth silicate with an aqueous solution of a zinc salt is added a) Temperatures from 20 ° C, preferably 50 ° C, to the boiling point of the resulting aqueous suspension
- the essentially X-ray amorphous zinc silicate thus obtainable contains Zn 2+ , Si + and 0 2 "ions; the compound can also contain OH ions and water of hydration.
- the Zn / Si atomic ratio is 0.3 to 5 , preferably 1 to 2.7, in particular 2 to 2.3.
- the amorphous zinc silicate precipitation catalyst to be used according to the invention can also be doped with up to 80, preferably up to 50, and in particular up to 20 mol%, with further metals selected from group (A) consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium , Strontium, barium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, cadmium and mercury and group (B) consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, tin and lead, the elements of group (A) being partly zinc and the elements of group (B) partially replace silicon in the imorphite structure.
- group (A) consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium , Strontium, barium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, cadmium and mercury
- group (B) consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, germanium, tin and lead, the elements of group (A) being partly zinc and the elements of group (B) partially replace silicon in the i
- the reaction of isopropylamine with propyne and / or propadiene takes place in the presence of the heterogeneously present catalyst containing zinc and / or cadmium silicate in the gas phase either over a fixed bed or in a fluidized bed at temperatures from 100 to 370 ° C., preferably 150 to 320 ° C. , and in particular 180 to 280 ° C and absolute pressures of 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably 0.8 to 20 bar, and particularly preferably 0.9 to 10 bar (all pressures based on the sum of the partial pressures of the starting materials), in particular at normal pressure.
- Suitable reactors are, for example, fixed bed reactors (tube bundle, shaft furnace) or autoclaves with a catalyst basket. If necessary, the reaction mixture can be diluted with inert gases such as nitrogen, argon, low molecular weight alkanes or olefins for reasons of operational safety and better heat dissipation.
- inert gases such as nitrogen, argon, low molecular weight alkanes or olefins for reasons of operational safety and better heat dissipation.
- Isopropylamine (MIPA) with propyne and / or propadiene is generally in a molar ratio of amine to [alkyne + diene] from 0.01 to 100, particularly 0.2 to 10, preferably 0.3 to 5, in particular 0.7 to 2 , 0, implemented.
- Unreacted or excess MIPA can be separated from the reaction mixture obtained (e.g. by distillation) and returned to the hydroamination reaction.
- the shaped bodies of the catalyst are selected such that they have a space-time yield - in particular because of a possible diffusion limitation, which of course also affects the selectivities and the catalyst life can - and pressure loss in the reactor results in an economic optimum.
- the catalyst is preferably in the form of strands of 1 to 5 mm in diameter, tablets of 5 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 5 mm to 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 mm, in the form of rib strands, asterisks or chips of a similar size.
- the catalyst can be regenerated. This can be done in the hydroamination reactor or outside in special equipment.
- the regeneration can be carried out by heating in a reducing, for example hydrogen or CO-containing, inert, for example N 2 , C0 or the noble gases, or oxidizing, for example 0-containing, atmosphere.
- the oxidizing atmosphere is preferred, particularly preferably air or mixtures of air and nitrogen.
- Regeneration takes place at temperatures from 150 ° C to 1000 ° C, preferably 350 ° C to 600 ° C.
- the catalyst can also be carried out by treatment with H 2 0 at temperatures from 20 ° C. to 350 ° C., so-called steaming, or by rinsing with suitable solvents such as MIPA, DIPA, NMP, THF, sulfolane, DMF, NH 3 or toluene ,
- suitable solvents such as MIPA, DIPA, NMP, THF, sulfolane, DMF, NH 3 or toluene .
- H0 at temperatures of 20 ° C to 350 ° C before removal to remove toxic or organic adsorbates.
- Used and regenerated catalyst can now be reused directly for the catalysis, or it can be appropriately returned to the catalyst production, for example in the Impregnation with the active component, eg Zn salt solution, or in the carrier production.
- the hydroamination product (s) obtained in the first process step is then reacted with ammonia under transalkylating conditions and under hydrogenating conditions.
- this reaction can be carried out a) with ammonia under transalkylating conditions and b) under hydrogenating conditions in two corresponding separate steps, the sequence of which is arbitrary.
- one step after the other, in any sequence are the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalysts mentioned below for the reaction with ammonia under transalkylating conditions, generally at temperatures from 80 to 400 ° C., suitable.
- the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalysts mentioned below are also suitable as catalysts, generally at temperatures from 80 to 400 ° C.
- the hydroamination product (s) obtained in the first process stage is / are then preferably reacted in the second process stage in the presence of ammonia, hydrogen and a transalkylating hydrogenation or dehydrogenation catalyst, generally at temperatures from 80 to 400 ° C.
- the reaction discharge from the first process stage can, as a rule after the catalyst has been separated off, be used directly in the second process stage.
- the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalysts are catalysts which, as catalytically active constituents, are elements selected from the group consisting of copper, silver, gold, iron, cobalt, nickel, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten , in each case in metallic form (oxidation level 0) or in the form of compounds such as oxides, the under the process conditions are reduced to the corresponding metal, contain, particularly suitable.
- the catalytically active components copper, silver, gold, iron, cobalt, nickel, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, chromium, molybdenum and / or tungsten are generally in total from 0.1 to 80% by weight .-%, preferably 0.1 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 60 wt .-%, calculated as metal in the oxidation state 0, contained in the catalytically active mass of the catalyst.
- Catalysts are preferred which contain, as catalytically active constituents, elements selected from the group of copper, silver, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, platinum, chromium and molybdenum, in particular selected from the group copper, cobalt,
- Nickel each in metallic form (oxidation level 0) or in the form of compounds such as Oxides, which are reduced to the corresponding metal under the process conditions, contain.
- catalysts which contain the catalytically active constituents copper, silver, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and / or platinum and a support material, preferably selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, zirconium dioxide and titanium dioxide. Contain carbon and / or oxygen-containing compounds of silicon.
- the catalytically active composition of these catalysts preferably used in the process according to the invention contains the catalytically active constituents copper, silver, iron, cobalt, nickel,
- Ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and / or platinum generally in total in amounts of 0.1 to 80% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 60% by weight %, calculated as metal in oxidation state 0.
- the catalytically active composition of these preferred catalysts contains the support materials aluminum oxide (Al 2 0 3 ), zirconium dioxide (Zr0), titanium dioxide (Ti0 2 ), carbon and / or oxygen-containing compounds of silicon, calculated as Si0, generally in total in amounts of 20 to
- Catalysts with the active components Cu, Co, Ni and / or Pd, in particular Cu, Co and / or Ni, are particularly preferred. These can be used as full contacts or as supported catalysts.
- Cu-containing catalysts are very particularly preferred which, as was recognized according to the invention, are more selective because of their comparatively low formation of ethane or methane compared to noble metal catalysts.
- Examples are copper alloys, metallic copper, e.g. in the form of copper network, and Cu catalysts with a Cu content of 2 to 70% by weight of Cu, calculated as CuO, on a support, preferably with 10 to 55% by weight of Cu, calculated as CuO, on a support ,
- Carrier material can preferably be aluminum oxide (A1 2 0 3 ), zirconium dioxide (Zr0), titanium dioxide (Ti0), carbon and / or oxygen-containing compounds of silicon (Si0 2 ).
- catalysts disclosed in EP-A-382 049 whose catalytically active composition before treatment with hydrogen can be 20 to 85% by weight, preferably 70 to 80% by weight, ZrO 2 , 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 1 to 10 wt .-%, CuO, and each 1 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 20 wt .-%, contains CoO and NiO, for example those in loc. cit.
- catalysts described on page 6 with the composition 76% by weight of Zr, calculated as Zr0 2 , 4% by weight of Cu, calculated as CuO, 10% by weight of Co, calculated as CoO, and 10% by weight of Ni, calculated as NiO, can be used in the process according to the invention.
- the catalysts disclosed in EP-A-963 975 whose catalytically active composition before treatment with hydrogen, 22 to 40% by weight of ZrO 2 ,
- catalysts disclosed in EP-A-514 692 in the process according to the invention are preferred from 2: 1 to 5: 1, and contains zirconium and / or aluminum oxide, especially those described in loc. cit. on page 3, lines 20 to 30, disclosed catalysts whose catalytically active composition before treatment with hydrogen 20 to 80, in particular 40 to 70,% by weight of A1 2 0 3 and / or Zr0 2 , 1 to 30% by weight % CuO, 1 to 30 wt .-% NiO and 1 to 30 wt .-% CoO can be used.
- Catalysts disclosed in DE-A-19 53 263 can preferably contain cobalt, nickel and copper and aluminum oxide and / or silicon dioxide with a metal content of 5 to 80% by weight, in particular 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total Catalyst, the catalysts, calculated on the metal content, containing 70 to 95% by weight of a mixture of cobalt and nickel and 5 to 30% by weight of copper, and the weight ratio of cobalt to nickel being 4: 1 to 1: 4, in particular 2: 1 to 1: 2,
- the catalysts disclosed in EP-A-696 572 the catalytically active composition of which before reduction with hydrogen is 20 to 85% by weight of Zr0, 1 to 30% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, 30 to 70% by weight.
- % of oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, 0.1 to 5% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as M0O 3 , and 0 to 10% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum and / or manganese, calculated as A10 3 or Mn0 contains, for example, that in loc. cit., page 8, disclosed catalyst with the composition 31.5% by weight of ZrO 2 , 50% by weight of NiO, 17% by weight of CuO and 1.5% by weight of Mo0 3 ,
- the catalysts of the general formula M x Mg y (Si0) «nH0 disclosed in EP-A-284 919 where M is a divalent, reducible metal atom from the group Cu, Fe, Co and Ni, x and y numbers which together form the Can reach a value of 1.5, and n after drying, expressed in% by weight, is between 0 and 80, for example that in loc. cit catalyst described in the example containing 35% CuO, 9% MgO and 38% SiO 2 and the catalyst described in EP-A-863 140 on page 3 containing 45 to 47% by weight CuO,
- Magnesium silicate composed of approximately 15 to 17% by weight of MgO and 35 to 36 % By weight Si0 2 , approximately 0.9% by weight Cr 2 0 3 , approximately 1% by weight BaO and approximately 0.6% by weight ZnO,
- Example 1 disclosed copper-containing precipitation catalyst, which is prepared by treating a solution of copper nitrate and aluminum nitrate with sodium bicarbonate and then washing, drying and tempering the precipitate, and
- the supported catalysts disclosed in WO 95/32171 and EP-A-816 350 containing 5 to 50, preferably 15 to 40,% by weight of copper, calculated as CuO, 50 to 95, preferably 60 to 85,% by weight of silicon, calculated as Si0, 0 to 20% by weight of magnesium, calculated as MgO, 0 to 5% by weight of barium, calculated as BaO, 0 to 5% by weight of zinc, calculated as ZnO, and 0 to 5% by weight % Chromium, calculated as Cr0 3 , in each case based on the total weight of the calcined catalyst, for example the catalyst disclosed in EP-A-816 350, page 5, comprising 30% by weight CuO and 70% by weight Si0,
- the hydrogenation or dehydrogenation catalysts used as transalkylation catalyst and hydrogenation catalyst in the process according to the invention can be prepared by the processes described in the prior art and some of them can also be obtained commercially.
- a metal salt solution in one or more impregnation stages to a prefabricated inorganic carrier.
- the carrier is dried and, if necessary, calcined. al)
- the impregnation can be carried out according to the so-called "incipient wetness" method, in which the carrier is moistened with the impregnation solution to a maximum of saturation in accordance with its water absorption capacity.
- the impregnation can also take place in the supernatant solution.
- the inorganic carrier material is preferably used in the impregnation as a preformed mass, for example as a powder, balls, strands or tablets. Use as a powder is particularly preferred.
- Concentrated aqueous ammonia is preferably used as the solvent of the metal salts.
- promoters can be carried out in one step analogously to al) by impregnation with a corresponding metal-containing impregnation solution, e.g. copper, cobalt and / or nickel-containing impregnation solution, and promoter-containing impregnation solution or multi-stage analog a2) by alternating impregnation with metal-containing impregnation solution and promoter-containing impregnation solution.
- a metal-containing impregnation solution e.g. copper, cobalt and / or nickel-containing impregnation solution, and promoter-containing impregnation solution or multi-stage analog a2
- Precipitation of a metal salt solution onto a prefabricated, inert inorganic carrier is present as a powder in an aqueous suspension.
- a metal salt solution preferably with soda solution
- An aqueous suspension of the carrier material is used as a template.
- the precipitation catalyst can be produced in a two-stage process. In a first stage, a powder is produced and dried in accordance with the information from a). This powder is transferred into an aqueous suspension and used as a template equivalent to that described in embodiment (i).
- promoters can be carried out in one step analogously to bl) by precipitation of a metal-containing solution or in several stages analogously to b2) by successive precipitation of a metal-containing solution Solution and promoter-based solution take place.
- the individual precipitations can follow one another directly or can be separated by a washing process and / or drying process and / or calcining process.
- metal (I) and / or metal (II) salts soluble in the solvents used in the application for example sulfates, nitrates, chlorides, carbonates, acetates, oxalates or ammonium, can be used as starting substances for a) and / or b) Complexes can be used.
- Metal carbonates are particularly preferably used for processes according to a), and metal nitrate for processes according to b).
- Precipitated precipitates resulting from a) or b) are filtered in a conventional manner and preferably washed free of alkali.
- a promoter component in a suitable form into the filtered and optionally washed precipitate.
- suitable forms are, for example, inorganic salts or complexes or organic compounds.
- Both the end products from a) and those from b) are dried at temperatures from 50 to 150 ° C, preferably at 100 to 140 ° C, and if necessary subsequently, e.g. over a period of 2 hours, at a higher temperature, i.e. generally 200 to 400 ° C, especially at 200 to 220 ° C, annealed.
- a promoter component in a suitable form both after drying and after tempering.
- suitable forms are, for example, inorganic salts or complexes or organic compounds.
- the introduction is expediently carried out by intensive mixing, kneading and / or compacting, it also being possible, if appropriate, to add liquids, for example water or alcohols.
- a further drying and / or tempering step is expediently carried out. When added in the dry state, however, this can also be omitted if necessary.
- the dried powder described above is preferably shaped into tablets or similar shaped articles.
- Graphite preferably in a proportion of 3% by weight, based on the weight of the dried powder, is added as a tabletting aid for the shaping process.
- the tablet tablets are annealed, preferably for 2 hours, at 300 to 600 ° C, in particular at 330 to 350 ° C.
- this particular process for tableting allows the powder to be shaped into tablets particularly easily and provides very chemically and mechanically stable catalysts.
- a promoter component in a suitable form into the shaped tablets.
- suitable forms are, for example, solutions of inorganic salts or complexes or organic compounds.
- After introduction it is expedient to dry again at temperatures of 50 to 150 ° C., preferably 100 to 140 ° C.
- an annealing preferably for about 2 hours, can take place at 300 to 600 ° C, in particular at 330 to 350 ° C.
- the reaction in the second process stage takes place under transalkylating and simultaneously hydrogenating conditions in the presence of hydrogen and ammonia and a transalkylating hydrogenation or dehydrogenation catalyst.
- the degree of conversion of the hydroamination products from the first stage of the process into MIPA depends on the amount of ammonia used. For a large proportion of MIPA in the process product, an excess of ammonia based on the hydroamination product (s) should be selected
- the procedure is preferably that the product or product mixture from the first process stage, or that by working up the first
- Process stage / s obtained product amine (s) is / are continuously passed over the transalkylation / hydrogenation catalyst or is batchwise transalkylated and hydrogenated in the presence of the transalkylation / hydrogenation catalyst.
- the catalyst is installed in a tube reactor or tube bundle reactor.
- the catalyst can optionally be reduced beforehand with hydrogen, but it can also be started up directly in the presence of the starting material / starting material mixture to be reacted and hydrogen.
- the absolute hydrogen pressure in the second process stage can be chosen between 0 bar and 300 bar, preferably between 1 and 250 bar. In the case of a reaction in the gas phase, the absolute pressure is generally from 1 to 70 bar.
- the absolute pressure is generally 70 to 250 bar.
- the temperature in the second process stage is generally from 80 to 400 ° C., in particular from 100 to 350 ° C., preferably from 120 to 250 ° C., very particularly preferably from 150 to 230 ° C.
- thermodynamic equilibrium is established between the alkylamines according to the process and ammonia.
- the loading of the catalyst with the starting material can be between 0.05 and 2 kg amine per liter of catalyst and per hour (kg / l »h), preferably between 0.1 and 1 kg / l * h, particularly preferably between 0.2 and 0.6 kg / l «h.
- the molar ratio of the transalkylation partner ⁇ ammonia: [N-isopropyl-N-isopropenyl-amine + N-isopropyl-acetonimine] is generally in the range from 0.5 to 50, particularly in the range from> 1 to 20, very particularly in Range from 2 to 5.
- the catalyst can be introduced together with the starting material for the second process stage and the desired amount of the ammonia can be added. Then it is heated to the desired temperature (see above).
- the processing of the product obtained in the second stage of the process, which contains MIPA can be carried out by customary methods, e.g. Distillation or rectification, which may be carried out in several stages.
- the boiling point of MIPA is 33 to 34 ° C at normal pressure.
- Part of the MIPA produced can be recycled to the first stage of the process for the hydroamination of propyne and / or propadiene.
- Propyne (10 1 / h) was reacted at normal pressure together with NH 3 (likewise 10 1 / h) and nitrogen (5 1 / h) in a tubular reactor at 230 ° C. over 60 ml of the amorphous zinc silicate as in Example 1.
- the reactor discharge was condensed and examined by gas chromatography. The conversion was ⁇ 10%, whereby the desired isopropenyl laminate could only be detected in small quantities.
- pyridine derivatives with selectivities ⁇ 10% could be detected.
- Example 3 (Implementation of the Reaction Discharge from Example 1 (Transalkylation / Hydrogenation))
- a hydrogenation catalyst (10% by weight of CoO, 10% by weight of NiO and 4% by weight of CuO on Al 2 O 3) according to DE-A-19 was placed in a continuously operated laboratory apparatus (60 ml tubular reactor) without recirculation 53 263) installed and started without activation at 65 bar hydrogen pressure.
- the load of 0.2 kg / l »h (kg of starting material per liter of catalyst and per hour) was left constant:
- N-isopropyl-propenylamine from Example 1
- 10 ml of ammonia (liquid) and 20 bar of hydrogen were injected into a 0.3 l autoclave.
- the temperature was brought to 200 ° C. and hydrogen was injected to 200 bar;
- the reaction was carried out at 200 ° C. and 200 bar for 12 h.
- the reactor contents were relaxed in 350 g of water via a frit.
- a discharge was obtained which consisted exclusively of MIPA (90% by weight), DIPA (9.7% by weight) and traces of N-isopropyl-1-propenylamine and n-propylamine.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10156685 | 2001-11-17 | ||
| DE2001156685 DE10156685A1 (de) | 2001-11-17 | 2001-11-17 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Monoisopropylamin |
| PCT/EP2002/012803 WO2003042158A1 (de) | 2001-11-17 | 2002-11-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von monoisopropylamin |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1448511A1 true EP1448511A1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=7706202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02796546A Withdrawn EP1448511A1 (de) | 2001-11-17 | 2002-11-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von monoisopropylamin |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1448511A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10156685A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003042158A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19836814A1 (de) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-02-17 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Iminen und Enaminen und gegebenenfalls deren Weiterhydrierung zu Aminen |
| EP1106601B1 (de) * | 1999-12-06 | 2004-02-25 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Monoisopropylamin |
| JP4922525B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2012-04-25 | デュスロ エイ.エス. | 脂肪族アミンの製造方法 |
| US6576796B1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2003-06-10 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the preparation of alkylamines |
-
2001
- 2001-11-17 DE DE2001156685 patent/DE10156685A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-11-15 WO PCT/EP2002/012803 patent/WO2003042158A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-11-15 EP EP02796546A patent/EP1448511A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03042158A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10156685A1 (de) | 2003-05-28 |
| WO2003042158A1 (de) | 2003-05-22 |
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