EP1443200A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens einer Brennkraftmaschine und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Kolben - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens einer Brennkraftmaschine und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Kolben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1443200A1
EP1443200A1 EP03292996A EP03292996A EP1443200A1 EP 1443200 A1 EP1443200 A1 EP 1443200A1 EP 03292996 A EP03292996 A EP 03292996A EP 03292996 A EP03292996 A EP 03292996A EP 1443200 A1 EP1443200 A1 EP 1443200A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
traces
steel
temperature
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03292996A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marc Robelet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ASCO INDUSTRIES
Original Assignee
Ascometal SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ascometal SA filed Critical Ascometal SA
Publication of EP1443200A1 publication Critical patent/EP1443200A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/004—Thixotropic process, i.e. forging at semi-solid state
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S164/00—Metal founding
    • Y10S164/90—Rheo-casting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of internal combustion engine pistons, especially for motor vehicles, trucks, agricultural machinery, machinery public works, boats.
  • the pistons are made of a single piece of alloy cast or forged aluminum. But the increased solicitation conditions which we just mentioned make the classic pistons unsuitable. Consequently, we have imagined various solutions to make the aluminum pistons compatible with high performance motors: insertion of alumina fibers in the alloy to strengthen it, addition of steel inserts to reduce expansion, deposit of graphite on the skirt to reduce friction, or machining of cooling channels to circulate air or oil through them maintain the piston at acceptable operating temperatures. But all of these solutions are expensive.
  • steel was once used for make pistons but the use of steel to make pistons high efficiency motors is in fact not economically feasible at at first sight, due to the high density of this material.
  • very small wall thickness should be achieved after forging the piston. Such thickness is inaccessible by processes conventional forging if, for cost reasons, we want to continue making pistons in one piece.
  • the object of the invention is to make possible the manufacture, in economically advantageous conditions of pistons for internal combustion engines high performance, in particular by making it possible to use a steel for this purpose, or another dense alloy with high mechanical properties, instead of an alloy specially treated and / or shaped aluminum.
  • the invention relates to a process for manufacturing a piston for an internal combustion engine, said piston being formed of a metal part monobloc, characterized in that a piece of heating is carried out for bring it to an intermediate temperature between its solidus temperature and its liquidus temperature, and in that it is shaped by Thixoforging.
  • the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine piston, composed of a single piece of metal, characterized in that it has been manufactured by heating a piece to bring it to an intermediate temperature between its solidus temperature and its liquidus temperature, followed by setting form by thixoforgeage.
  • its legs are constituted by calipers formed on the bottom of the interior cavity of the piston, provided with an orifice for the passage of the axis securing the piston and the connecting rod, and it has on its skirt of the recesses giving access to the holes of the stirrups.
  • the shape of the piston bottom wall can match that of the surface of the piston bottom on its side intended to be turned towards the chamber combustion.
  • the piston may include reinforcing ribs.
  • the piston can be made of carbon steel.
  • It can also contain up to 0.180% of S and at least one of the elements chosen from up to 0.080% of Bi, up to 0.020% of Te, up to 0.040% Se, up to 0.070% Pb.
  • the piston can be made of hot tool steel.
  • the piston can be made of high speed steel.
  • the piston can be made of stainless steel.
  • the piston can be made of cast iron.
  • the piston can be made of an Fe-Ni based alloy.
  • the piston can be made of an alloy based on Ni-Co.
  • the invention is based on the use of shaping process called "thixoforgeage", known in itself but which had never been applied to the manufacture of pistons.
  • Thixoforgging is a process which consists in carrying out the form of a metal part by forging a piece after having brought it to a intermediate temperature between its solidus temperature and its temperature liquidus, so as to coexist within the plot of solid matter and intimately mixed liquid matter. This allows, compared to the processes conventional hot forging, to produce parts of complex geometry can have thin walls, and this with very low setting efforts in shape. Indeed, under the action of external forces, metals undergoing a thixoforgging operation behave like viscous fluids.
  • Thixoforging can be used for many kinds of alloys.
  • the resulting liquid tends to be expelled at the start of the forming operation, which results in an increase in efforts to apply (these being exerted on a metal more solid than expected) and the appearance faults within the room: segregation and internal health problems.
  • thixoforgging shaping operation is carried out on a primary globular structure obtained by suitable heating, a homogeneous product, which can deform at high speed.
  • the primary structure plot dendritic can be optimized to facilitate obtaining, when heating before thixoforgeage, of a homogeneous globular primary structure.
  • Heating the plot to reach the temperature of the thixoforgging is generally carried out by induction, to obtain a excellent temperature uniformity over the entire section of the plot and excellent reproducibility of the operation from one plot to another.
  • the elements functionally equivalent to those of piston 1 of the prior art are designated by the same references.
  • the weight gain provided by this configuration is feel not only on the piston itself, but on the entire crew mobile piston-piston-rod axis. As we have seen, the weight gain on the piston is 25g. Reducing the diameter of the piston pin from 28 to 20mm and its shortening from 80 to 50mm (the piston pin is in both cases a tube 6mm thick) saves 156g on this piece. The weight of the connecting rod can also be reduced by a few grams.
  • the geometry of the piston 12 which has just been described is only an example for implementing the invention, whether for the general appearance of the piston or for the precise dimensions of its different parts. So thixoforgeage offers the possibility of providing thin reinforcement ribs in different areas of the piston.
  • the other elements are iron and conventional impurities resulting development: P, Sn, N, As ...
  • the measured solidus temperature of this steel is 1360 ° C and the liquidus temperature measured is 1490 ° C.
  • Thixoforgging takes place preferably at 1429 ° C.
  • liquidus and solidus temperatures measured to which we have just alluded can differ significantly from liquidus and solidus temperatures calculated according to the composition of steel by the formulas conventionally available in the literature. In fact, these formulas are valid in the case where the steel sees its temperature drop by a few degrees per minute during solidification followed by cooling.
  • the solidus and liquidus temperatures must be measured under the conditions to which the plots will be subjected, namely reheating from the ambient temperature, carried out by induction at a speed of the order of several tens of degrees per minute. But this determination may be carried out by a person skilled in the art using standard tests not showing of particular difficulties.
  • thixoforging must, from preferably take place with a liquid fraction representing 10 to 40% of the steel. Below 10% there is a risk that the metal will not flow properly and solidifies too quickly on contact with tools. At more than 40%, there are risks of subsidence and flow of the metal during the heating operation: the piece becomes difficult to correctly transfer to the formatting tools.
  • the steels whose composition has just been exposed are steels of construction or heat treatment used in forging and mechanics. They are likely to be suitable for the manufacture of pistons usable in the majority of motor vehicles, trucks, public works machinery, agricultural machinery, boats, etc.
  • steels allowing hot work such as tool steels hot 38CrMoV5, 45CrMoV6, 55NiCrMoV7, conventional high speed steels or overburdened, and also cast iron or alloys based on iron-nickel or cobalt-nickel.
  • stainless steels for the case where the piston would be called upon to work in contact with fuels containing particularly corrosive additives, for example stainless steels martensitics Z40Cr13 to Z200Cr13.
  • the invention can be applied to a wide variety alloys, the main thing being that their mechanical and thermal characteristics lend themselves well to their use to form pistons, and that they have a good thixoforging ability.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP03292996A 2002-12-05 2003-12-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens einer Brennkraftmaschine und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Kolben Withdrawn EP1443200A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0215376 2002-12-05
FR0215376A FR2848129B1 (fr) 2002-12-05 2002-12-05 Procede de fabrication d'un piston pour moteur a explosion, et piston ainsi obtenu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1443200A1 true EP1443200A1 (de) 2004-08-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03292996A Withdrawn EP1443200A1 (de) 2002-12-05 2003-12-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens einer Brennkraftmaschine und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Kolben

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7472674B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1443200A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2004181534A (de)
CN (1) CN1504637A (de)
CA (1) CA2452624C (de)
FR (1) FR2848129B1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA03011124A (de)
PL (1) PL206235B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7325525B2 (en) 2005-03-18 2008-02-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Piston for internal combustion engine
RU2459683C1 (ru) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-27 Открытое акционерное общество Акционерная холдинговая компания "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт металлургического машиностроения имени академика Целикова" (ОАО АХК "ВНИИМЕТМАШ") Способ изотермической штамповки заготовок с глобулярной структурой

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FR2854089B1 (fr) * 2003-04-23 2006-05-19 Semt Pielstick Procede de fabrication d'un piston, outillage pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede et piston ainsi obtenu
US7406941B2 (en) 2004-07-21 2008-08-05 Federal - Mogul World Wide, Inc. One piece cast steel monobloc piston
JP2006170184A (ja) * 2004-11-16 2006-06-29 Denso Corp 高圧燃料ポンプ
DE102006030699B4 (de) * 2006-06-30 2014-10-02 Daimler Ag Gegossener Stahlkolben für Verbrennungsmotoren
US7654240B2 (en) * 2006-08-18 2010-02-02 Caterpillar Inc. Engine piston having an insulating air gap
US20100092790A1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2010-04-15 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Molded or extruded combinations of light metal alloys and high-temperature polymers
US20100282330A1 (en) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-11 Luther Kenneth M Burst plug
BR112012004120A8 (pt) * 2009-08-27 2018-06-19 Federal Mogul Corp pistão monobloco com uma saia de baixa fricção
DE102009040120A1 (de) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aluminiumkolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor
US9970384B2 (en) * 2009-11-06 2018-05-15 Federal-Mogul Llc Steel piston with cooling gallery and method of construction thereof
US8807109B2 (en) 2009-11-06 2014-08-19 Federal-Mogul Corporation Steel piston with cooling gallery and method of construction thereof
DE102011013141A1 (de) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE102011013067A1 (de) * 2011-03-04 2012-09-06 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor
WO2012142433A1 (en) 2011-04-15 2012-10-18 Federal-Mogul Corporation Piston and method of making a piston
US9163579B2 (en) * 2011-11-28 2015-10-20 Federal-Mogul Corporation Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereof
US10184421B2 (en) 2012-03-12 2019-01-22 Tenneco Inc. Engine piston
DE102012212791B4 (de) * 2012-07-20 2014-02-27 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für einen Verbrennungsmotor
JP6001989B2 (ja) * 2012-10-09 2016-10-05 アート金属工業株式会社 内燃機関用ピストンの表面改質方法及び内燃機関用ピストン
KR20150121239A (ko) * 2013-03-05 2015-10-28 페더럴-모걸 코오포레이숀 카본 디포짓 방지 코팅을 지닌 피스톤 및 그 구성 방법
DE102013220256A1 (de) * 2013-10-08 2015-04-09 Mahle International Gmbh Gießform
USD768207S1 (en) 2014-07-16 2016-10-04 Federal-Mogul Corporation Piston
US10584659B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2020-03-10 Tenneco Inc Robust, lightweight, low compression height piston and method of construction thereof
DE102015218430A1 (de) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
US10422299B2 (en) 2016-04-21 2019-09-24 Tenneco Inc. Piston with asymmetric upper combustion surface and method of manufacture thereof
CN106121969B (zh) * 2016-08-24 2019-02-26 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 活塞及具有其的压缩机
MX2019006061A (es) * 2016-12-06 2019-08-12 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston de acero optimado en peso.
CN107983929A (zh) * 2018-01-05 2018-05-04 北京科技大学 一种加热炉用钴合金垫块半固态触变成形工艺方法
CN112204161B (zh) 2018-05-31 2022-01-11 日本制铁株式会社 钢活塞用钢材
CN112204239B (zh) * 2018-05-31 2022-06-21 日本制铁株式会社 钢活塞
CN112008060B (zh) * 2019-05-29 2022-07-01 强莉莉 一种活塞液态模锻成型装置及成型方法
CN110206655A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-09-06 钟良 一种增大发动机压缩比的活塞以及设计活塞形状方法
CN110216268B (zh) * 2019-06-21 2021-05-18 北京科技大学 一种高碳高合金钢半固态成形控温冷却热处理工艺
CN113122771B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-01-14 中内凯思汽车新动力系统有限公司 一种高性能摩擦焊接钢质活塞及其制备方法
CN111112554A (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-08 陈秋 一种采用消失模制作活塞的方法

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7325525B2 (en) 2005-03-18 2008-02-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Piston for internal combustion engine
DE102006012418B4 (de) * 2005-03-18 2014-08-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens für Verbrennungsmotor, Kolben und Verbrennungsmotor, der diesen Kolben aufweist
RU2459683C1 (ru) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-27 Открытое акционерное общество Акционерная холдинговая компания "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт металлургического машиностроения имени академика Целикова" (ОАО АХК "ВНИИМЕТМАШ") Способ изотермической штамповки заготовок с глобулярной структурой

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1504637A (zh) 2004-06-16
MXPA03011124A (es) 2004-12-07
PL206235B1 (pl) 2010-07-30
FR2848129A1 (fr) 2004-06-11
PL363904A1 (en) 2004-06-14
CA2452624A1 (fr) 2004-06-05
US7472674B2 (en) 2009-01-06
US20040129243A1 (en) 2004-07-08
CA2452624C (fr) 2010-02-16
FR2848129B1 (fr) 2006-01-27
JP2004181534A (ja) 2004-07-02

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