Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
  • B01J37/36—Biochemical methods
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
  • B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
  • B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
  • B01J37/342—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields, e.g. for magnetic separation

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for forming catalytic sites on the surface of a substrate.
• Document FR-A-97 19 158 describes a process making it possible to locally promote the growth of a deposit of a material by gas-solid reaction on the surface of a substrate. For this, it is proposed in this document to stick on a crystalline support a thin film of the same material by giving it a slight disorientation of its crystalline structure relative to that of the support. There is then compensation for this disorientation by the creation of perfectly organized defects or dislocations which are located at the bonding interface and which generate stresses throughout the structure and more particularly up to the surface of the thin film. on which organized constraint fields are generated. These organized stress fields then constitute sites on which the aforementioned growth of a deposit is favored.
• the present invention relates to a process for the formation of catalytic sites on a surface of a substrate totally different from that described above.
• this method consists in: depositing on said surface a film of a liquid containing elements of a living material, capable of moving when subjected to an electric and / or magnetic field and capable of forming traces or catalytic alterations on the surface of the substrate; applying an electric and / or magnetic field to said film such that, under the effect of this field, at least some of said elements of living matter move and gather over areas of the surface of the substrate; and removing the liquid film and the living material, leaving the catalytic traces left by said elements of living material on the surface of the substrate so as to constitute said catalytic sites at the locations of these traces.
• the method consists in using a living material carrying elements sensitive to said electric and / or magnetic field, these elements remaining on said catalytic sites on the surface of the substrate after removal of the film of liquid and of the living matter.
• the method preferably consists in using a living material carrying metallic elements.
• the method consists in using a living material capable of altering the surface of the substrate by a biological and / or chemical action when it is brought to said areas of the surface of the substrate, these altered areas constituting said catalytic sites.
• said removal operation is carried out by drying.
• the method preferably consists, after said elimination operation, in carrying out an operation of depositing a material capable of being deposited selectively on said catalytic traces of said catalytic sites so as to constitute in particular islands spaced from said material.
• the method preferably consists in carrying out said deposition operation by gas-solid or liquid-solid reaction.
• catalytic site means a place on which a reaction suitable for causing the deposition of a material is favored.
• FIG. 5 to 8 show the main steps of a second mode of obtaining catalytic sites
• a substrate or support 1 of parallelepiped shape preferably made of an electrical insulating material, which has an upper surface 2.
• a film 3 of a mineral or aqueous liquid containing elements 4 of microscopic size of living material is deposited on this surface 2. This film 3 is deposited so that its thickness is substantially constant and the elements 4 of living material are distributed in the liquid film 3, preferably regularly.
• the plates 6 and 7 are connected to a source of electrical energy 10, via a control member such as a switch 11.
• the substrate 1 is then placed in an oven 13 equipped with a heating means 13a and an inlet gas 13b.
• a temperature of about 1000 degrees and a deductive atmosphere of the metallic particles are made to prevail, so as to cause by drying the elimination of the film of liquid 3 and the elimination of the elements 4 of living matter, leaving traces remaining formed by the reduced particles 5 and without substantially changing their positions and their spacings on the surface 2 of the substrate 1.
• the metal particles 5 which were carried by the elements 4 of living material deposit or remain on the zones 12 of the surface 2 of the substrate 1 in which they have migrated, these zones being formed substantially along rectilinear and parallel lines between them.
• catalytic sites 14 formed at the locations of the remaining metallic particles 5 and distributed in an organized manner over the surface 2 of the substrate 1.
• the thickness of the film of liquid 3 can be between 0.1 millimeter and one millimeter
• the concentration of the elements 4 living matter can be between 0.5 microgram and five micrograms of protein per milliliter, a bacterium consisting, in a manner known per se, of a large amount of protein.
• Metal particles are generally less than a micron
• the substrate 1 can be a silicon oxide.
• the elements 4 of living matter can be bacteria of the thiobacillus family and carry, inside their membrane or at their periphery, particles of iron oxide. After drying and reduction under a reducing atmosphere of hydrogen, catalytic sites 14 of nanometric particles of iron are obtained.
• a gas-solid reaction under a carbon-based atmosphere such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen
• EXAMPLE 2 Referring to FIG. 5, it can be seen that, as in the previous example, there is a substrate or support 16 which has an upper surface 17 on which is deposited a film 18 of a mineral liquid containing elements 19 of living matter.
• the material or material constituting the surface 17, or an upper layer of this substrate or this substrate itself, and the living material are chosen such that the living material is able to alter the surface of the substrate by a biological action and / or chemical.
• the elements 19 of living material are preferably immediately subjected to an electric or magnetic field by means of two opposite plates 20 and 21 connected to a source. of electrical energy 22 controlled by an organ 23, so that the elements 19 of living material migrate and gather on zones 24 of the surface 17 of the substrate 16.
• catalytic sites 26 spaced apart on the zones 24 of the surface 17 of the substrate 16 at the places where the particles 19 of living material have been brought.
• the substrate 16 can be covered with a thin layer 16a of a sulphide or a sulphate and the living material can be composed of bacteria of the family of thiobacilli having the property of being able to dissolve the sulfide or the chosen sulfate.
• the layer 16a can be made of iron sulfide so that the biological or chemical attack on elements 19 of living material generates a consumption of the thin layer of iron sulfide to leave particles of iron on the areas 24 , which constitute the catalytic sites 26.
• EXAMPLE 3 Referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that, as in the previous examples, there is a substrate or support 28 which has an upper surface 29 on which a film 30 of a mineral liquid containing elements is deposited. 31 of living matter.
• the elements of living matter are so-called magnetostatic bacteria; which have the property of being oriented in a magnetic field thanks to the fact that they contain ferro or ferrimagnetic particles 31a generally called magnetosomes, approximately 0.3 micron.
• magnetostatic bacteria which have the property of being oriented in a magnetic field thanks to the fact that they contain ferro or ferrimagnetic particles 31a generally called magnetosomes, approximately 0.3 micron.
• the substrate is then placed in an oven 35 for drying and removing the liquid 30 and the elements 31 of the living material, provided for this purpose with a heating member 35a and an inlet gas 35b. Then remain, on the surface 29 of the substrate 28, catalytic sites 37 composed of the magnetosomes 31a gathered in the zones 34.
• the magnetosomes 31a remaining on the surface 29 are fixed by means of a deposited layer 37, without modifying the positions and the spacings of the magnetosomes 31a determining the catalytic sites 36.
• a material 39 such as carbon or copper
• the catalytic sites and the deposit islands obtained can be used, depending on the material composing them, in particular as electrical connection elements, electronic emission elements or elements used to the production of devices implementing a Coulomb blocking phenomenon, in particular in the field of the manufacture of semiconductor components such as emitters, field effect transistors, detectors or memories and more generally in the field of microelectronics.

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• 2001
  • 2001-11-08 FR FR0114466A patent/FR2831836B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-11-07 EP EP02788041A patent/EP1441852A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-11-07 JP JP2003541612A patent/JP2005507772A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-11-07 US US10/494,289 patent/US7368297B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-11-07 WO PCT/FR2002/003828 patent/WO2003039726A2/fr active Application Filing

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