EP1439927A1 - Carter de vilebrequin de cylindre comportant une chemise de cylindre et outil de coulage - Google Patents

Carter de vilebrequin de cylindre comportant une chemise de cylindre et outil de coulage

Info

Publication number
EP1439927A1
EP1439927A1 EP02774575A EP02774575A EP1439927A1 EP 1439927 A1 EP1439927 A1 EP 1439927A1 EP 02774575 A EP02774575 A EP 02774575A EP 02774575 A EP02774575 A EP 02774575A EP 1439927 A1 EP1439927 A1 EP 1439927A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
sleeve
crankcase
casting tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02774575A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1439927B1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Rückert
Helmut Schäfer
Peter Stocker
Oliver Storz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1439927A1 publication Critical patent/EP1439927A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1439927B1 publication Critical patent/EP1439927B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder crankcase according to the preamble of claim 1 and a casting tool according to claim 3.
  • cylinder crankcases are increasingly being manufactured from aluminum alloys in various casting processes, preferably by die casting. Since aluminum alloys that are easy to cast often do not meet the tribological requirements along the cylinder running surfaces, measures are taken in these areas to improve the material properties locally. One of these measures is the casting of cylinder liners.
  • DE 44 38 550 C2 describes a crankcase with cylinder liners made of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys.
  • the alloys described there are particularly wear-resistant due to their high silicon content.
  • such cylinder liners have a low specific weight and, which is particularly advantageous in contrast to iron-based cylinder liners, their thermal expansion coefficient is closer to that of the cast aluminum alloy than the expansion coefficient of iron.
  • a temperature gradient occurs in the cylinder bore.
  • the engine side In the upper area - in the vicinity of the interface to the cylinder head - the engine side causes temperatures of around 200 ° C due to the combustion taking place there.
  • the engine side temperatures in the cylinder bore In the lower area of the bore at the bottom dead center of the piston, the engine side temperatures in the cylinder bore between 130 ° C and 150 ° C depending on the engine.
  • This temperature gradient which is between 50 ° C and 70 ° C, causes a slightly conical shape of the cylinder bore due to the thermal expansion, which thereby narrows from top to bottom. It is therefore necessary to design the tolerances of the piston, in particular the piston ring, in such a way that there is sufficient play both in the lower region and the gap which occurs is minimal in the upper region.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the conical deformation of the cylinder bore, which is caused by the prevailing temperature gradient.
  • the object is achieved in a cylinder crankcase according to claim 1 and in a casting tool according to claim 3.
  • the cylinder crankcase according to claim 1 preferably has a plurality of cylinder bores, each of which is provided with a cylinder liner.
  • the cylinder crankcase consists of an aluminum casting alloy
  • the cylinder liner consists of a hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • the silicon content of the alloy is preferably between 23% and 28%.
  • the cylinder liner is shortened in such a way that it ends as close as possible directly below a lowermost piston ring in the lower dead center of the piston.
  • the cylinder bore continues below the bottom dead center, depending on the engine design, about 20 mm to 50 mm.
  • the surface of the cylinder bore (cylinder running surface) is formed in this area by the die-cast aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum die-casting alloy (hereinafter simply referred to as aluminum) has a thermal expansion coefficient ⁇ of approximately 22 x 10 "6 K " 1 .
  • the aluminum-silicon alloy of the cylinder liner has an ⁇ value of 15 x 10 ⁇ 6 K “1 to 17 x 10 " 6 K -1 . This leads to a higher relative material expansion in the lower area of the cylinder bore, below the cylinder liner. Due to the lower temperature prevailing there in combination with a locally higher material expansion, the cone formation in the cylinder bore is largely compensated for in accordance with the task.
  • the cylinder bushing preferably ends as close as possible below the lowest piston ring at the bottom dead center, so that the described effect of thermal expansion is used advantageously.
  • the extension of the cylinder liner beyond the bottom dead center is determined depending on the prevailing temperature gradient. However, tests have shown that the advantageous effect of the invention is impaired if the socket ends more than 20 mm below the bottom dead center.
  • a rectangular lower end edge of the cylinder liner is also advantageous.
  • most cylinder liners have a chamfer on their lower outside. This chamfer is used to guide the melt during a casting process. In the operating state with axial pressure on the bushing, the chamfer leads to radial forces in the area of the chamfer, which has a negative effect on the connection between the bushing and the crankcase.
  • Another component of the invention is a casting tool for producing a cylinder crankcase according to claim 3.
  • the casting tool has at least one quill which is suitable for representing the cylinder bore.
  • a cylinder liner made of a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is located on the sleeve.
  • the bush covers a maximum of 85% of the sleeve in such a way that it lies in the upper region (with respect to a cylinder head side) on a wall of the casting tool.
  • a sprue of the casting tool which is used to fill the casting tool with a casting metal, is attached in such a way that a main flow direction of the casting metal hits the sleeve from its underside (on the part of the subsequent oil chamber). Due to the shortening of the cylinder liner, the liner lies outside the main flow direction of the cast metal and is shielded from the sleeve and the tool wall. This has a favorable effect on the connection of the socket to the component, since turbulence is reduced when the casting metal hits the socket. In addition to other advantages, a better connection between the bushing and the crankcase allows higher pressures in the cylinder bore, especially in a combustion chamber.
  • the cylinder liner is so tightly tolerated that it is positioned sufficiently firmly on the quill for a casting process, but in series production it is advisable to fix the bush on the quill for an undisturbed production process.
  • the fixation can be done by a nose that keeps the bushing at a distance from a lower tool wall.
  • the nose can be partially sunk in a recess of the quill for better demoldability.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a reciprocating piston engine with a cylinder crankcase, cylinder liner and piston
  • FIG. 2 shows the detail from FIG. 1 without a piston, with mechanical and thermal variables being shown
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of a casting tool for producing a cylinder crankcase
  • Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a section of a casting tool with a quill and a cylinder liner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a detail from a reciprocating piston engine 1 in the area of a cylinder crankcase 2 (crankcase) with a cylinder bore 7.
  • the cylinder bore 7 is axially partially formed by a cylinder bushing 4 which is cast into the crankcase 2.
  • a piston 6 is guided in the cylinder bore 7 and is connected to a crankshaft (not shown) via a connecting rod 8.
  • the crankcase has a separating surface 12 to a cylinder head (not shown).
  • the cylinder bushing 4 extends in the cylinder bore 7 until the bottom dead center of the bottom piston ring is exceeded by 5 mm.
  • the surface of the cylinder liner 7 forms the cylinder running surface 14 in this region. 5 mm below the bottom dead center 11 of the lowest piston ring 10, the cylinder running surface 14 ⁇ is formed by the material of the crankcase.
  • FIG. 2 the up to an adjacent cylinder liner 4 ⁇ is Further detail of the cylinder crankcase 2 is shown with the exception of the piston 6.
  • a temperature gradient .DELTA.T prevails in the cylinder bore 7, T1 being approximately 200 ° C. greater than T2 being approximately 140 ° C.
  • AlSi Silicon
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a casting tool 22 according to the invention with a schematic course of a melt stream 26 of a casting metal. The distance between the sockets and the thickness of the socket is shown greatly enlarged.
  • the casting metal is an aluminum alloy (AlSi9Cu3), which is filled into the casting tool 22 under pressure.
  • the flow 26 of the cast metal is conducted into the narrow, approximately 3 mm wide web 36 between the cylinder liners 4, 4 ⁇ . In the narrow area of the web 36, the mass per unit of time of the aluminum melt moved there is less and less kinetic energy than in the area of the main melt flow 25, via which the volume of the casting tool is filled.
  • the main melt stream 25 directly hit the cylinder sleeve 4 with its entire kinetic energy, it would bounce off there, to form voids or cavities below the cylinder bushing 4 or lead to the melting of the cylinder bushing 4. Due to the lower mechanical and thermal loading of the cylinder liner in the casting tool according to the invention, it is possible to significantly reduce the wall thickness of the cylinder liner compared to conventional cylinder liner. Furthermore, the filling cross section in the lower web area becomes larger. ' The result is a larger amount of metal per unit of time, which leads to lower temperature losses and thus to better melting of the socket.
  • the cylinder liner 4 is pressed against an upper wall 40 of the casting tool 22 by a lug 32: the lug 32 is fastened to an underside 42 of the casting tool 22.
  • the sleeve 24 has a recess 34 which partially receives the nose 32 when the casting tool 22 is closed and when the sleeve 24 is positioned. A smaller part of the nose 32 projects radially with respect to the sleeve 24 and forms the support region 36 for the cylinder liner 4.
  • the support area 36 is chosen so wide that the depression which it causes in the cast crankcase can be compensated for by subsequent machining.
  • the advantages of this arrangement are that the nose can be dimensioned so large that it does not break off or be damaged in any other way during the casting process, and in that it is not imaged in the geometry of the crankcase.
  • FIG. 4 The arrangement of the nose 32 and its supporting effect on the cylinder liner 4 is illustrated in FIG. 4 by means of a three-dimensional section of a casting tool 22.
  • the nose 32 is sunk in a recess that is not visible in FIG. 4.
  • the sleeve 24, which has a slightly conical shape is moved out of the cylinder sleeve 4 in the direction of arrow 44.
  • the dashed lines indicate a cylinder bushing 28 of conventional design, which is directly exposed to the melt stream. Deflection of the main melt stream 25 is prevented by a chamfer 29 in the conventional arrangement.
  • the casting tool 22 according to the invention which comprises the cylinder sleeve 4 shortened with respect to the sleeve 24, achieves the advantages already described for avoiding the cone in the cylinder bore, and the connection between the cylinder sleeve 4 and the crankcase 2 is also improved.
  • the almost right-angled lower edge 15 of the cylinder liner 4 (cf. FIG. 2) also has the effect in the operating state of the engine 1 that the acting force F is almost completely absorbed by the crankcase 2. If the cylinder sleeve had a chamfer 29, like the cylinder sleeve 28 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3, this would lead to a radial force component in the direction of the center of the cylinder bore. This in turn can result in a conical deformation of the cylinder running surface 14.
  • the socket is protected by the inventive design from setting in the direction of force F shown. To prevent this radial movement of the bushing, the better connection between the cylinder bushing 4 and the crankcase 22 achieved by the casting tool 22 according to the invention also contributes.
  • a further advantage consists in a better shielding of a water jacket compared to the prior art, which is shown in FIG. 2 by way of example and simplified by a cooling hole 18 between the cylinder liners 4 and 4 ⁇ and an oil chamber 16.
  • the better connection between the cylinder sleeve 4 and the crankcase 2, microscopic gaps 20 are reduced. Water that runs through the bore 18 and can possibly get into the column 20 prevented by the almost rectangular lower edge 15 of the socket 4 from entering the oil chamber 16.
  • the shortening of the cylinder liner according to the invention leads to a reduction in component costs, which is attributable to the lower material consumption.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un carter de vilebrequin de cylindre réalisé dans un alliage d'aluminium coulé sous pression, présentant au moins un alésage de cylindre comportant au moins une chemise de cylindre réalisée dans un alliage d'aluminium et de silicium hypereutectique, dans laquelle respectivement un piston est logé de façon axialement mobile. Ledit piston comporte au moins un segment de piston, une chemise de piston et une couronne de piston, ledit piston présentant un point mort supérieur et un point mort inférieur dans son mouvement par rapport au segment de piston. Le carter de vilebrequin de cylindre selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que la chemise de cylindre s'étend au maximum jusqu'à 10 mm en dessous du point mort inférieur et en ce que des zones périphériques de l'alésage de cylindre restent libres en dessous de la chemise de cylindre réalisée dans l'alliage d'aluminium coulé sous pression.
EP02774575A 2001-10-31 2002-09-06 Carter de vilebrequin de cylindre comportant une chemise de cylindre et outil de coulage Expired - Fee Related EP1439927B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10153720 2001-10-31
DE10153720A DE10153720C2 (de) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Zylinderkurbelgehäuse mit einer Zylinderlaufbuchse und Gießwerkzeug
PCT/EP2002/009980 WO2003037551A1 (fr) 2001-10-31 2002-09-06 Carter de vilebrequin de cylindre comportant une chemise de cylindre et outil de coulage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1439927A1 true EP1439927A1 (fr) 2004-07-28
EP1439927B1 EP1439927B1 (fr) 2005-01-26

Family

ID=7704322

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02774575A Expired - Fee Related EP1439927B1 (fr) 2001-10-31 2002-09-06 Carter de vilebrequin de cylindre comportant une chemise de cylindre et outil de coulage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20050061285A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1439927B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005507475A (fr)
DE (2) DE10153720C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003037551A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BRPI0503019B1 (pt) * 2005-07-22 2018-02-06 Whirlpool S.A. Conjunto de pistão e cilindro com folga diametral variável e cilindro para uso em conjuntos de pistão e cilindro com folga diametral variável
US7665440B2 (en) * 2006-06-05 2010-02-23 Slinger Manufacturing Company, Inc. Cylinder liners and methods for making cylinder liners
DE102007003135B3 (de) * 2007-01-16 2008-03-06 Peak Werkstoff Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zylinderkurbelgehäuses mit mehreren Zylinderlaufbuchsen sowie kurze Zylinderlaufbuchse mit daran festgelegtem Materialstreifen

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GB600156A (en) * 1945-09-28 1948-04-01 Glacier Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to engine cylinders
US3021183A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-02-13 Gould National Batteries Inc Cylinder and piston structures
US3033183A (en) * 1961-05-15 1962-05-08 Gen Motors Corp Cylinder liner
FR2537654B2 (fr) * 1982-06-17 1987-01-30 Pechiney Aluminium Perfectionnement des chemises de moteurs a base d'alliages d'aluminium et de grains de silicium calibres et leurs procedes d'obtention
JPS60155665A (ja) * 1984-01-24 1985-08-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd シリンダライナの製造方法
DE299679T1 (de) * 1987-07-11 1989-05-11 Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo, Jp Kuehlungsanlage fuer eine waermeisolierte brennkraftmaschine.
DE4020268C1 (fr) * 1990-06-26 1991-08-14 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50202150D1 (de) 2005-03-03
DE10153720C2 (de) 2003-08-21
WO2003037551A1 (fr) 2003-05-08
EP1439927B1 (fr) 2005-01-26
JP2005507475A (ja) 2005-03-17
DE10153720A1 (de) 2003-05-15
US20050061285A1 (en) 2005-03-24

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