EP1439275A2 - Device for pivotably supporting a wing - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly to hold a swing flap, on a horizontal swing axis, has an even quadrilateral scissors joint with swing arms (8.1,9.1,10.1,11.1) and a spring (18) to dampen the swing movements. The stretch section of the spring passes around an anchor (7) e.g. as a plastics ring in the joint frame (1) with a diameter as a multiple of the spring diameter. The spring is attached to the swing arms at mounting points (16,17) to give different lever actions. The swing arms of the joint work with additional arms (10,11) linked together in parallel.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a device for pivotally holding a particular a horizontal axis pivotable wing flap, comprising a flat four-bar linkage, which has two pivoted arms and two on the said arms in parallel has further arms articulated to one another, and resilient means for damping the swivel movement.

State of the art

It is known to tilt and pivot windows To guide cabinet doors through level four-bar linkages (cf. z. B. DE-32 39 989 A1 or DE-27 45 934 A1). Such constructions allow the wing to be imaginary geometric To guide axes or the wing before swinging out of the Lift off the frame in the desired manner.

From DE-32 39 989 A1 it is also known, articulated quadrilaterals equipped with springs to support the pivoting movement.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is a device of the beginning Specify the type mentioned, which is characterized by a compact design distinguished.

According to the invention, the solution is that with one Device of the type mentioned the resilient Middle one with its stretchable part slidable by one Include anchoring element around spring element.

The advantage of such a construction is that an element with suitable power development in a small space can be arranged. The spring element must be around Anchoring element can be moved around so that it is Stretch evenly over its entire length under load can.

Preferably, the spring element is a resilient in tension Coil spring. In principle, a rubber element is also conceivable.

The anchoring element forms an arcuate guide, whose radius of curvature is a multiple of half a diameter corresponds to the spring element. The spring element is subject to a relatively gentle bend. The radius of curvature the leadership is z. B. at least three times larger than half the diameter of the guided coil spring. at very small radii of curvature increases the load and the risk of breakage of the spring element is disproportionate.

The spring element is preferably with both ends on the four-bar link appropriate. I.e. the spring is extended more as the displacement path of the corresponding point of attack. Grab both ends at the same point on the quadrilateral joint the length extension is twice as large as the distance traveled from the point of attack. But it is also possible to connect the two ends of the spring to two different ones To attack points of the quadrilateral. Depending on One end of the spring can also produce the desired force be anchored at a fixed point. The Device can be designed so that the user even has the possibility to adjust the spring strength, by choosing the appropriate attack points for his application selects.

The four-bar linkage is preferably movable on a hinged frame stored on which also the anchoring element is trained. I.e. Articulated rectangle, articulated frame and anchoring element form a constructive unit, which as Whole can be assembled.

For better stabilization of the quadrilateral supports the Articulated frame the articulated quadrilateral essentially symmetrical with respect to a plane of movement of the quadrilateral joint. On this can cause unwanted torques in the quadrilateral joint and minimized in the positioning of the quadrilateral joint. The symmetrical support is also suitable for devices without resilient means to dampen the swiveling movement.

It is also particularly advantageous if the quadrilateral joint is completely retractable in the articulated frame. The articulated frame can be closed or open. The retractability has the advantage of reducing the risk of objects get into the trajectory of the quadrilateral joint, or people look after the wing flap hurt.

The retractability is particularly easy with the symmetrical one Combine the construction of the articulated frame. Indeed the retractable construction is not limited to Swivel devices with spring elements.

Retractable or symmetrical constructions can also be used different types of spring elements. In particular you can with ordinary linear spiral springs be combined. Both in the retractable and in the symmetrical construction, the spring element is preferred integrated in the articulated frame. It is Z. B. executed so that it pulls the quadrilateral back into the articulated frame, to be tensioned when opening the wing flap.

With linear spring elements are easily compression spring constructions can also be used, which form the four-bar linkage push out of the articulated frame, e.g. B. order at Closing the wing flap to be cocked.

According to a particularly inexpensive embodiment the articulated frame is essentially two in defined distance connected (e.g. riveted), made of sheet metal frame parts. The articulated frame is z. B. elongated, with at one end (Frontal) opening is provided, through which the quadrilateral joint. can move some of it out. At the other end there is the preferably ring-shaped one Anchoring for the spring element. For this purpose, e.g. B. a plastic ring is inserted between the frame parts, whose axis is perpendicular to the plane of movement of the quadrilateral joint stands.

The four-bar linkage is preferably by two on the articulated frame pivoted arms and two on the mentioned arms arms attached parallel to each other. To the the latter poor z. B. articulated a mounting arm attached, which is to be connected to the wing flap.

In the sense of the preferred symmetrical design, they are first mentioned arms executed as double arms, which the grasp the second-mentioned arms each like a fork. A symmetrical one Construction can also be realized by the second mentioned arms holding the fastening arm each twice are executed and so the first arms on both sides embrace.

For balancing the own weight of the one according to the invention Device guided flap can. two feathers be provided at different points of attack Attack the leverage on the four-bar linkage. Depending on the length the lever arm assigned to the spring force acts one more or less strong "counterweight" on the flap. Preferably the rotating organ is a lever with adjustable or adjustable length of the effective lever arm. Instead of one An eccentrically mounted roller can also be provided for the lever be on the circumference of the springs are attached and on their The springs partially rest or are guided.

Swivel devices according to the invention are particularly advantageous used in cupboards, one around a horizontal Have pivotable wing flap axis. A typical one Cabinets with doors are used in the Opened from a vertical to a horizontal position become. By appropriate dimensioning of the spring the door can be largely balanced, so that it can be opened and closed easily. The advantage the spring-damped construction according to the invention in that the force development with increasing opening angle increases and so the increasing, by gravity the torque due to the folding door is compensated. In this regard, is the device according to the invention the known constructions with gas pressure cylinders clearly superior.

The frame opening for the wing door is e.g. B. through pipes educated. With the swivel device according to the invention the wing flap around the geometric axis of one of the frame tubes be pivoted.

It is particularly advantageous for the wing flap to be double-walled train and with recesses for hanging the mounting arms to provide. This facilitates the assembly of the Swivel device and the wing flap. The swivel devices are attached to the side wall of the cabinet, after which the cabinet door slid onto the mounting arms and is screwed onto this.

Further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features result from the following detailed description and the entirety of the claims.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1a, b

Eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Scherengelenks in geschlossener und offener Stellung;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht gemäss Ansicht A aus Fig. 1a;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Schnittdarstellung eines Schranks mit einem Scherengelenk gemäss Fig. 1a, b und 2;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum einstellbaren Ausbalancieren einer mit einem Gelenkviereck geführten Schrankklappe;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum einstellbaren Ausbalancieren einer schwenkbaren Klappe mit Hilfe einer exzentrisch gelagerten Rolle.

The drawings used to explain the exemplary embodiments show:

1a, b

A side view of a scissors joint according to the invention in the closed and open position;

Fig. 2

a plan view according to view A of Fig. 1a;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a sectional view of a cabinet with a scissor joint according to FIGS. 1a, b and 2;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a device for the adjustable balancing of a cabinet flap guided with a four-bar link;

Fig. 5

is a schematic representation of a device for adjustable balancing of a pivotable flap with the help of an eccentrically mounted roller.

Basically, the same parts are the same in the figures Provide reference numerals.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

The device shown in FIGS. 1a, b and 2 has an articulated frame 1, which consists of two parallel sheet metal frames 2, 3 (see FIG. 2) is formed. The two sheet metal frames 2 and 3 are congruent. The following is therefore only one explains in detail.

The sheet metal frame 2 is elongated and has a rectangular shape or U-shaped part, which by three strip-like frame sections 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 is formed, and an annular Frame section 2.4 at the rear end of the articulated frame 1. Since the quadrilateral described below from the outside visible, it is a so-called open articulated frame. In a so-called closed version, that would be Sheet metal frame replaced by sheet metal.

The two parallel sheet metal frames 2, 3 are by three rivet connections 4, 5, 6 in the rectangular part and by one Plastic ring 7 in the annular frame section 2.4 connected and kept parallel at a defined distance. How follows from the description below Rivet connections 4, 5, 6 and the plastic ring next to the Connection function also a second other function to.

The rivet connections designed as continuous axes 5, 6 serve as fastening and rotation axes of the Rotating arms 8.1, 8.2 or 9.1, 9.2. All four rotary arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 move parallel to each other. When the Scissors joint (as shown in Fig. 1a) are the Rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 diagonally backwards against the Frame section 2.4 inclined (e.g. at a 60 ° angle with respect to of the strip-shaped frame section 2.3).

At the (pivotable) end of the rotary arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 an angle arm 11 with bolts 13.1, 13.2 articulated. The angle arm 11 has a long and a short section 11.1 resp. 11.2 on. The long section is 11: 1 through the rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 parallel to the frame sections 2.1 and 2.3 led. The short section 11.2 forms with the long section 11.1 an angle of z. B. about 150 °.

A second similar angle arm 10 (with two analog Sections 10.1, 10.2) is with bolts 12.1, 12.2 the rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 connected. The bolts 12.1, 12.2 are each approximately in the middle between the Rivet connection 5 resp. 6 and the bolt 13.1 respectively. 13.2. The Rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 form with the angle arms 10, 11 (in particular with sections 10.1, 11.1) a joint parallelogram.

At the front ends of the small, angled sections 10.2, 11.2 is a swivel arm 15 by bolts 14.1, respectively. 14.2 pivotally held. The swivel arm 15 is in cross section U-shaped. It also has a (in side view) widened base section 15.1 and a narrow finger-shaped end section 15.2. The broadening in Base section 15.1 is such that the connecting line between the two bolts 14.1, 14.2 and the longitudinal axis of the end section 15.2 at a certain angle of z. B. 30 ° to each other. The size of the angle gives from the fact that in the retracted state according to FIG Rotating arms 8.1, 9.1 at an angle different from 90 ° the connecting line of the rivet connections 5 and 6 stand. With the scissors joint retracted, the present If the longitudinal axis of the end section 15.2 is vertical to the mentioned connecting line of the rivet connections 5, 6, but not parallel to the rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2.

At the rear ends of the angle arms 10, 11 are hooks or Eyes 16 resp. 17 trained. They can use them , Ends 18.1, 18.2 of the tension spring 18 hooked or fastened become. The tension spring 18 is according to the invention Plastic ring 7 led around. The diameter of the plastic ring 7 is e.g. B. three to four times the size of the Tension spring diameter 18.

The scissor joint is symmetrical with respect to the overall Plane of movement of the joint parallelogram (i.e. symmetrical with respect to the plane of the drawing according to Fig. 1a, b). This can be seen in particular from FIG. 2. The wiggle arms 10, 11 are in the plane of symmetry. They are flanked of the double arms 8.1 / 8.2 and 9.1 / 9.2. The cross section U-shaped pivot arm 15 engages with its base portion 15.1 the front ends of the angle arms 10, 11 of both sides. The tension spring 18 is located like the angle arms 10, 11 in the plane of symmetry. The whole is enclosed of the two identical sheet metal frames 2, 3.

In the following, the mode of operation based on the 1a, b are explained.

When the cupboard door is closed, the scissor joint is located in the position shown in Fig. 1a. The swivel arm 15 then sits with its inner edge on the rivet connection 4, which leads to the precise definition of the swivel arm position. The cabinet door attached to the swivel arm 15 is thus through the scissor joint itself in a defined closed Position held. It does not come down to otherwise provided Attacks on.

When opening the cabinet door, the swivel arm 15 is against the force of the tension spring 18 is pulled or pivoted to the outside. The joint parallelogram specifies which one Path of movement of the swivel arm 15 outwards (into the in Fig. 1b position shown) is performed. If the swivel arm 15 is brought into the horizontal position, the sections are 10.1, 11.1 of the angle arms 10, 11 one on top of the other block another movement. The width and the mutual The distance between sections 10.1, 11.1 is therefore deliberate chosen so that they pivot the scissor joint in the Block position. The folding door is opened (mostly horizontal) condition, so the scissors joint take no damage.

When the scissors joint is opened, the tension spring 18 becomes corresponding from the rear ends of the angle arms 10, 11 (i.e. eyelets 16, 17) is expanding. Since the tension spring 18 with respect to the plastic ring 7 is displaceable, the linear expansion can be done without problems distribute over the entire length of the tension spring 18. Since the Spring force of a spiral spring is known to be proportional to Linear expansion increases, this increases on the Swivel arm 15 acting, restoring torque all the more, the stronger the swivel arm 15 is brought into the horizontal becomes. This is a very desirable effect because of the torque (caused by the weight of the cabinet door will also become stronger, the more the Cupboard door turns from vertical to horizontal.

Fig. 3 illustrates a cabinet that with an inventive Scissor joint 19 is equipped. 3 a vertical cross section is shown. I.e. Floor 21, ceiling 22 and cabinet door 20 are shown in section. Of only one side wall 23 is towards the two side walls see. (The rear wall is not shown.) The cabinet opening is limited by tubes 24, 25. They form the edge skeleton of the typically cuboid cabinet.

The scissor joint 19 is on the side wall 23 in the lower screwed in the front area. The swivel arm 15 engages in a recess or recess in the cabinet door 20 on. Is the cabinet door 20 z. B. double-walled, the end section 15.2 is dimensioned such that it is between there is room for 20 on the two walls of the cabinet door. in the In the upper area, the cabinet door 20 has a handle 26 Open the cabinet.

Due to the specific geometric dimensioning of the Scissor hinge 19 is the cabinet door 20 when opening the longitudinal axis of the lower tube 24 is pivoted. This geometric Swivel axis is both outside the cabinet door 20 as well as outside the scissors joint 19.

It is understood that the cabinet door 20 on both sides is held by a scissor joint. Because of the symmetrical Execution of the scissors joint does not matter whether it mounts the left hand or right hand of the cabinet door becomes. This is not just a simplification for assembly, but also for all warehousing and logistics of the furniture supplier.

The invention can be varied in many ways. Instead of a joint parallelogram z. B. any Quadrilateral be used. It can then e.g. B. the one Swivel arm pair 8.1 / 8.2 only for supporting the lower angle arm 10 can be used. The bolt 13.1 is not used so that the angle arm 11 only with the rotary arm 9.1. 9.2 and the pivot arm 15 is connected and therefore not parallel must be led to the angle arm 10. In the same sense can e.g. B. on the bolts 12.1 or 12.2. With a quadrilateral joint in general, the swivel arm can 15 can be pivoted through 90 ° without the rotary arms 8.1, 8.2 respectively. 9.1, 9.2 must also be turned through 90 ° would.

Instead of the rotating arm pairs 8.1 / 8.2 and 9.1 / 9.2 you can use fork-shaped trained one-piece swivel arms can be used. I.e. the two rotating arms 8.1, 8.2 are replaced by a single, slotted swivel arm replaced, being in the slot of the The arm can be rotatably attached.

The symmetrical structure is also not mandatory. It can e.g. B. dispenses with one of the two sheet metal frames so that the quadrilateral joint is only supported on one side is.

It is also not mandatory that the tension spring 18 with both Is attached to each end of an angle arm. The end 18.1 can e.g. B. also be hooked into the eyelet 17. The Restoring forces then develop more strongly per angular rotation of the swivel arm 15. Conversely, the progression of the resetting torque can be reduced by both ends 18.1, 18.2 in the eyelet 16 (which is a smaller section covered). It is also conceivable that the Articulated frame pin or Has hooks around one of the to anchor both ends 18.1, 18.2 stationary. From all of this it follows that it is easily possible to use a and same frame and scissors joint construction different To realize restoring moments. This is an advantage if the scissor joints for different weights Cabinet doors are to be used.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment for adjustable balancing a tilting wing. A rotary arm 27 is shown with two articulated guide arms 28, 29. Rotating arm 27 and guide arms 28, 29 are parts of one (not completely shown) articulated rectangles in the sense of the figures 1a, b. On a frame 33 (only partially shown) a lever 30 is rotatably attached (pivot 32). The Swivel 32 is at a certain distance behind the pivot arm 27. The rear end of the guide arm 28 is by a spring 34 with a first. Late 30.1 and the Guide arm 29 via a second spring 35 with a second End 30.2 of the two-armed lever 30 connected.

When the pivot arm 27 is moved forward, the springs 34, 35 excited. The tension in the springs depends the distance covered by the guide arms 28, 29, and from the leverage ratios in the ends 30.1, 30.2 of the Lever 30. The rotational movement of the lever 30 depends on the System dimensions. It is important that the springs 34, 35 attack at different points of attack of the quadrangle.

The lever 30 has z. B. an elongated hole 31 in the middle of the lever 30. Depending on the distance between the Swivel 32 in the slot 31 with respect to the ends 30.1 respectively. 30.2 is arranged, different leverage ratios realized. Correspondingly, the square on the joint pressing restoring force according to the existing ones. needs can be set.

5 shows a further variant of a resetting spring mechanism. Again, a pivot arm 36 is on a frame 39 articulated. There are two guide arms on the rotary arm 36 37, 38 attached to form a quadrangle of any kind.

At a distance from the pivot arm 36 is a role on the frame 39 41 rotatably attached. The fulcrum 40 of the roller 41 is in the present example eccentric. At the circumference of the roll 41 is a fastener 44 for a first and a second Spring 42 resp. 43 attached. The springs 42, 43 are along of the circumference of the roller partially guided around it. The Ends of the springs 42, 43 are in suitably chosen points of attack 45, 46 attached to the rotary arm 36. The points of attack 45, 46 have different distances from the fulcrum of the Swivel arm 36.

If the pivot arm 36 (when opening the guided wing door) moved forward from pivot 40, then the Springs 42, 43 tensioned. Since the points of attack 45, 46 different Travel distances and the roller 41 eccentrically is stored, the springs 42, 43 stretch differently strong. The role 41 will z. B. (in the Turn the illustration according to Fig. 5) counterclockwise. Because of the eccentric bearing is the spring 42 on the roller 41 applied torque in the present example increasingly larger (because the distance between the separation point the spring 42 moves away from the center of the roller 41 from the pivot point 40), while the torque of the spring 43 becomes smaller.

It is obvious that by a suitable choice of the pivot point 40 the roller 41 the restoring force exerted on the rotary arm 36 can be varied.

The features explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 can in principle also independently of the other embodiments the invention are used. You can also on different types with the other features of the invention combine.

Furthermore, the tension spring 18 can also be dispensed with to lead around a plastic ring 7. The back end the articulated frame 1 can, for. B. provide fixed anchorages, so that one or more springs are anchored to the articulated frame can be and attack the quadrangle. Is z. B. a tension spring between the rivet connection 4 and the bolt 13 is tensioned, so that one which opens the scissors joint Force. This can e.g. B. useful for one to open flip-up lid (like a chest). On spring or other damping elements can of course also to be dispensed with.

In summary, it should be noted that the invention an extremely compact and elegant device for holding or swiveling cabinet, window or other sashes or flaps has been created. The device is also extremely robust and can be designed in an appealing way To run.

Claims (19)

Device for pivotally holding a wing flap which is pivotable in particular about a horizontal axis, comprising a) a flat quadrilateral joint (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) which has two pivotably mounted arms (8.1, 8.2 or 9.1, 9.2) and two on the mentioned arms (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) parallel to each other has articulated further arms (10, 11), and b) resilient means for damping the pivoting movement,
characterized in that c) the resilient means comprise a tension spring (18) which is displaceably guided with its stretchable part around an anchoring element (7) so that it can expand evenly over its entire length under load. Device for pivotally holding a wing flap, in particular pivotable about a horizontal axis, in particular according to claim 1, comprising a) a flat quadrilateral joint (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11), which has two pivotably mounted arms (8.1, 8.2 or 9.1, 9.2) and two on the mentioned arms (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) parallel to each other has articulated further arms (10, 11), and b) resilient means for damping the pivoting movement,
characterized in that c) two points of attack (16, 17; 28, 29; 45, 46) of different leverage are formed on the four-bar linkage for the resilient means in order to achieve different restoring torques depending on the application. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) and an anchoring element (7) for the resilient means are mounted on a common link frame (1). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a fastening arm (15) for attaching the wing dome (20) is attached to the two further arms (10, 11). Device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the articulated frame (1) comprises two frame parts (2, 3), between which the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) is designed to be completely retractable. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the anchoring element (7) offers an arcuate guide, the radius of curvature of which corresponds to a multiple of half the diameter of the spring element (18). Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tension spring (18) engages (16, 17) with both ends (18.1, 18.2) on the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the resilient means (18) pull the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) back into the hinged frame (1) and tensioned when the wing flap (20) is opened become. Device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the resilient means (18) are substantially completely housed in the articulated frame (1). Device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the articulated frame (1) is essentially formed by two frame parts (2, 3) which are connected to one another at a defined distance (4, 5, 6) and preferably the articulated rectangle (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) is supported essentially symmetrically with respect to a plane of movement. Device according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the anchoring element (7) is a ring, in particular made of plastic, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane of movement of the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11). Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first-mentioned arms (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) are designed as double arms (8.1 / 8.2, 9.1 / 9.2), and the second-mentioned arms (10, 11) between the first-mentioned arms (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) are held in a fork-like manner. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the resilient means comprise two springs (34, 35; 42, 43). Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the resilient means (34, 35; 42, 43) for achieving an adjustable damping or relief effect are attached to a rotating member (30; 41) with adjustable lever ratios. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the rotating member (30) is a lever with an adjustable (31) length of the lever arms (30.1 / 32, 30.2 / 32). Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the further arms are designed as angled arms (10, 11), in which a part connected to the fastening arm (15) opposite one with the first-mentioned arms (8.1, 8.2 or 9.1, 9.2) the connected part is angled. Cupboard with a pivoting door (20), which by at least two devices is held or guided according to one of claims 1 to 16. Cabinet according to claim 17, characterized in that a frame opening for the pivotable door (20) is delimited on at least one side by a tube (24, 25), and in that the door is pivotable about the geometric axis of the at least one tube (24) , Cabinet according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the door (20) has recesses for hanging fastening arms (15).

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