EP0736659A1 - Device for pivotably supporting a wing - Google Patents

Abstract

A spiral spring (18) leading round a tie piece (7) dampens the swivel movement. The tie piece provides a curved guide with its radius of curvature corresponding to a multiple of half the diameter of the spring. The two ends (18.1,18.2) of the spring touch the four-bar linkage (8.1,9.1) which is supported together with the tie piece on the same hinged frame (1). An arm (15) is swivel mounted on the four-bar linkage for attaching the door-leaf flap.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a device for pivotally holding a wing flap, which can be pivoted in particular about a horizontal axis, comprising a flat quadrilateral joint and resilient means for damping or balancing the pivoting movement. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cabinet with a wing flap which is guided by four-bar linkages and is preferably balanced by resilient means.

State of the art

It is known to guide tiltable window sashes and pivotable cupboard doors through flat articulated quadrilaterals (see, for example, DE-32 39 989 A1 or DE-27 45 934 A1). Such constructions make it possible to guide the sash around imaginary geometric axes or to lift the sash out of the frame in the desired manner before pivoting.

From DE-32 39 989 A1 it is also known to equip quadrilaterals with springs to support the pivoting movement.

Presentation of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is characterized by a compact design.

According to the invention, the solution is that in a device of the type mentioned at the outset, the resilient means comprise a spring element which is displaceably guided with its stretchable part around an anchoring element.

The advantage of such a construction is that an element with suitable force development can be arranged in a small space. The spring element must be displaceable around the anchoring element so that it can expand evenly over its entire length under load.

The spring element is preferably a spiral spring that can be subjected to tension. In principle, a rubber element is also conceivable.

The anchoring element forms an arcuate guide, the radius of curvature of which corresponds to a multiple of half the diameter of the spring element. The spring element is therefore subjected to a relatively gentle bend. The radius of curvature of the guide is z. B. at least three times larger than half the diameter of the guided coil spring. With very small radii of curvature, the load and risk of breakage of the spring element increases disproportionately.

The spring element is preferably attached to the four-bar linkage with both ends. That is, the spring is expanded more than the displacement of the corresponding point of attack. If both ends attack at the same point on the quadrilateral joint, the length is twice the distance covered by the point of attack. However, it is also possible to have the two ends of the spring engage at two different points of the four-bar linkage. Depending on the desired force development, one end of the spring can also be anchored at an immovable point. The device can be designed in such a way that the user himself can adjust the spring strength by selecting the points of attack suitable for his application.

The four-bar linkage is preferably movably mounted on an articulated frame on which the anchoring element is also formed. That is, Articulated rectangle, articulated frame and anchoring element form a structural unit that can be assembled as a whole.

For better stabilization of the four-bar linkage, the articulated frame supports the four-bar linkage essentially symmetrically with respect to a plane of movement of the four-bar linkage. In this way, undesirable torques in the quadrilateral joint and minimized in the positioning of the quadrilateral joint. The symmetrical support is also suitable for devices without resilient means to dampen the pivoting movement.

It is also particularly advantageous if the four-bar linkage can be completely retracted into the articulated frame. The articulated frame can be closed or open. The retractability has the advantage that the risk is reduced that objects get into the movement path of the quadrilateral joint, or that persons are injured when the wing flap is operated carelessly.

The retractability can be combined particularly well with the symmetrical construction of the articulated frame. However, the retractable construction is not limited to swivel devices with spring elements.

Retractable or symmetrical constructions can also be designed with different types of spring elements. In particular, they can be combined with ordinary linear spiral springs. Both in the retractable and in the symmetrical construction, the spring element is preferably integrated in the articulated frame. It is Z. B. executed so that it retracts the four-bar linkage in the hinge frame to be tensioned when opening the wing flap.

In the case of linear spring elements, compression spring constructions can also be used, which push the quadrilateral out of the articulated frame, e.g. B. to be tensioned when closing the wing flap.

According to a particularly cost-effective embodiment, the articulated frame is essentially composed of two (e.g. riveted) connected to one another at a defined distance, made of sheet metal frame parts. The articulated frame is e.g. B. elongated, the (front) opening is provided at one end through which the quadrilateral joint. can move some of it out. At the other end there is the preferably annular anchoring for the spring element. For this purpose, e.g. B. a plastic ring can be inserted between the frame parts, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane of movement of the four-bar linkage.

The quadrilateral joint is preferably formed by two arms pivotably attached to the articulated frame and two arms attached parallel to one another on the said arms. On the latter arms z. B. articulated a mounting arm which is to be connected to the wing flap.

In the sense of the preferred symmetrical design, the first-mentioned arms are designed as double arms, each of which grips the second-mentioned arms in a fork-like manner. A symmetrical structure can also be achieved in that the second-mentioned arms holding the fastening arm are each designed twice and thus embrace the first-mentioned arms on both sides.

To balance the dead weight of the flap guided with a device according to the invention, two springs can be provided, which act on the four-bar linkage at points of action with different leverage. Depending on the length of the lever arm assigned to the spring force, a more or less strong "counterweight" acts on the flap. The rotating member is preferably a lever with an adjustable or adjustable length of the effective lever arm. Instead of a lever, an eccentrically mounted roller can also be provided, on the circumference of which the springs are attached and on their Circumference of the springs partially rest or are guided.

Pivotal devices according to the invention are particularly advantageously used in cupboards which have a wing flap which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis. A typical application are folding cupboards with doors, which are opened when opening from a vertical to a horizontal position. The door can be largely balanced by suitable dimensioning of the spring, so that it can be opened and closed easily. The advantage of the spring-damped construction according to the invention is that the force development increases with an increasing opening angle and thus compensates for the increasing torque caused by the gravity of the door. In this regard, the device according to the invention is clearly superior to the known constructions with gas pressure cylinders.

The frame opening for the wing door is e.g. B. formed by pipes. With the pivoting device according to the invention, the wing flap can be pivoted about the geometric axis of one of the frame tubes.

It is particularly advantageous to make the wing flap double-walled and to provide recesses for hanging the fastening arms. This facilitates the assembly of the swivel device and the wing flap. The swivel devices are attached to the side wall of the cabinet, after which the cabinet door is pushed onto the fastening arms and screwed onto them.

Further advantageous embodiments and combinations of features result from the following detailed description and the entirety of the claims.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1a, b

Eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Scherengelenks in geschlossener und offener Stellung;

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht gemäss Ansicht A aus Fig. 1a;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Schnittdarstellung eines Schranks mit einem Scherengelenk gemäss Fig. 1a, b und 2;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum einstellbaren Ausbalancieren einer mit einem Gelenkviereck geführten Schrankklappe;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum einstellbaren Ausbalancieren einer schwenkbaren Klappe mit Hilfe einer exzentrisch gelagerten Rolle.

The drawings used to explain the exemplary embodiments show:

Fig. 1a, b

A side view of a scissors joint according to the invention in the closed and open position;

Fig. 2

a plan view according to view A of Fig. 1a;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a sectional view of a cabinet with a scissor joint according to FIGS. 1a, b and 2;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a device for the adjustable balancing of a cabinet flap guided with a four-bar link;

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a device for the adjustable balancing of a pivotable flap with the aid of an eccentrically mounted roller.

In principle, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

The device shown in FIGS. 1a, b and 2 has an articulated frame 1, which is formed from two parallel sheet metal frames 2, 3 (cf. FIG. 2). The two sheet metal frames 2 and 3 are congruent. The following is therefore only one explains in detail.

The sheet metal frame 2 is elongated and has a rectangular or U-shaped part, which is formed by three strip-like frame sections 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and an annular frame section 2.4 at the rear end of the articulated frame 1. Since the quadrilateral joint described below from the outside visible, it is a so-called open articulated frame. In a so-called closed version, the sheet metal frames would be replaced by sheet metal plates.

The two parallel sheet metal frames 2, 3 are connected by three rivet connections 4, 5, 6 in the rectangular part and by a plastic ring 7 in the annular frame section 2.4 and held parallel at a defined distance. As follows from the description below, the rivet connections 4, 5, 6 and the plastic ring have a second function in addition to the connection function.

The rivet connections 5, 6 designed as continuous axes also serve as fastening and rotation axes of the rotary arms 8.1, 8.2 and respectively. 9.1, 9.2. All four rotary arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 move parallel to each other. With the scissors joint retracted (as shown in FIG. 1a), the rotary arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 are inclined obliquely backwards against the frame section 2.4 (for example at a 60 ° angle with respect to the strip-shaped frame section 2.3).

At the (pivotable) end of the rotary arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, an angle arm 11 with bolts 13.1, 13.2 is articulated. The angle arm 11 has a long and a short section 11.1, respectively. 11.2 on. The long section 11.1 is parallel to the frame sections due to the rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 2.1 and 2.3 led. The short section 11.2 forms with the long section 11.1 an angle of z. B. about 150 °.

A second angular arm 10 of the same type (with two corresponding sections 10.1, 10.2) is connected to the rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 by bolts 12.1, 12.2. The bolts 12.1, 12.2 are each approximately in the middle between the rivet connection 5 and. 6 and the bolt 13.1 respectively. 13.2. The rotary arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2 form an articulated parallelogram with the angle arms 10, 11 (in particular with the sections 10.1, 11.1).

At the front ends of the small, angled sections 10.2, 11.2, a pivot arm 15 is by bolts 14.1, respectively. 14.2 pivoted. The swivel arm 15 is U-shaped in cross section. It also has a widened base section 15.1 (in the side view) and a narrow finger-shaped end section 15.2. The widening in the base section 15.1 is such that the connecting line between the two bolts 14.1, 14.2 and the longitudinal axis of the end section 15.2 at a certain angle of z. B. 30 ° to each other. The size of the angle results from the fact that in the retracted state according to FIG. 1a, the rotating arms 8.1, 9.1 are at an angle different from 90 ° with respect to the connecting line of the rivet connections 5 and 6. When the scissors joint is retracted, the longitudinal axis of the end section 15.2 is perpendicular to the connecting line of the rivet connections 5, 6, but not parallel to the rotating arms 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2.

At the rear ends of the angle arms 10, 11 hooks or eyelets 16 are respectively. 17 trained. The two ends 18.1, 18.2 of the tension spring 18 can be hooked or fastened to them will. The tension spring 18 is guided around the plastic ring 7 according to the invention. The diameter of the plastic ring 7 is z. B. three to four times the diameter of the tension spring 18th

Overall, the scissor joint is constructed symmetrically with respect to the plane of movement of the joint parallelogram (i.e. symmetrically with respect to the plane of the drawing according to FIGS. 1a, b). This can be seen in particular from FIG. 2. The angle arms 10, 11 are located in the plane of symmetry. They are flanked by the double arms 8.1 / 8.2 and 9.1 / 9.2. The base section 15.1 of the swivel arm 15, which is U-shaped in cross section, engages around the front ends of the angle arms 10, 11 from both sides. The tension spring 18 is like the angle arms 10, 11 in the plane of symmetry. The whole is enclosed by the two identical sheet metal frames 2, 3.

The mode of operation will be briefly explained below with reference to FIGS. 1a, b.

When the cabinet door is closed, the scissor joint is in the position shown in FIG. 1a. The swivel arm 15 then sits with its inner edge on the rivet connection 4, which leads to the precise definition of the swivel arm position. The cabinet door attached to the swivel arm 15 is thus held in a defined closed position by the scissor joint itself. It does not depend on other intended stops.

When the cabinet door is opened, the pivot arm 15 is pulled or pivoted outward against the force of the tension spring 18. The articulated parallelogram specifies the movement path of the swivel arm 15 to the outside (into the position shown in FIG. 1b). If the swivel arm 15 is brought into the horizontal position, the sections 10.1, 11.1 of the angle arms 10, 11 lie on top of one another and block a further movement. The width and the mutual distance of the sections 10.1, 11.1 is therefore deliberately chosen such that they block the scissor joint in the pivoted-out position. If the folding door is loaded in the open (usually horizontal) state, the scissor joint cannot be damaged.

When the scissors joint is opened, the tension spring 18 is expanded in accordance with the distances traveled by the rear ends of the angle arms 10, 11 (i.e. the eyelets 16, 17). Since the tension spring 18 is displaceable with respect to the plastic ring 7, the length extension can be distributed over the entire length of the tension spring 18 without problems. As is known, the spring force of a spiral spring increases proportionally to the length extension, the restoring torque acting on the swivel arm 15 increases the more the swivel arm 15 is brought into the horizontal. This is a very desirable effect, since the more the cabinet door turns from vertical to horizontal, the stronger the torque (which is caused by the weight of the cabinet door).

Fig. 3 illustrates a cabinet which is equipped with a scissor joint 19 according to the invention. 3 shows a vertical cross section. That is, Floor 21, ceiling 22 and cabinet door 20 are shown in section. Only one side wall 23 can be seen from the two side walls. (The rear wall is not shown.) The cabinet opening is limited by tubes 24, 25. They form the edge skeleton of the typically cuboid cabinet.

The scissor joint 19 is screwed to the side wall 23 in its lower front area. The swivel arm 15 engages in a recess or recess in the cabinet door 20. Is the cabinet door 20 z. B. double-walled, the end portion 15.2 is dimensioned so that it finds 20 space between the two walls of the cabinet door. In the upper area, the cabinet door 20 has a handle 26 for opening the cabinet.

Due to the specific geometric dimensioning of the scissor joint 19, the cabinet door 20 is pivoted about the longitudinal axis of the lower tube 24 when it is opened. This geometric pivot axis lies both outside the cabinet door 20 and outside the scissor joint 19.

It goes without saying that the cabinet door 20 is held on both sides by a scissor joint. Due to the symmetrical design of the scissor joint, it does not matter whether it is mounted on the left or right hand of the cabinet door. This is not only a simplification for assembly, but also for the entire storage and logistics of the furniture supplier.

The invention can be varied in many ways. Instead of a joint parallelogram z. B. any quadrilateral can be used. It can then e.g. B. the one pair of rotary arms 8.1 / 8.2 can only be used to support the lower angle arm 10. The bolt 13.1 is not used, so that the angle arm 11 only with the pivot arm 9.1. 9.2 and the swivel arm 15 is connected and therefore does not have to be guided parallel to the angle arm 10. In the same sense, e.g. B. on the bolts 12.1 or 12.2. In the case of a four-bar linkage in general, the swivel arm 15 can be swiveled through 90 ° without the swivel arms 8.1, 8.2 resp. 9.1, 9.2 would also have to be rotated by 90 °.

Instead of the pairs of rotating arms 8.1 / 8.2 and 9.1 / 9.2, fork-shaped one-piece rotating arms can be used. That is, the two rotating arms 8.1, 8.2 are replaced by a single, slotted rotating arm, wherein the angle arm can be rotatably fastened in the slot of the rotating arm.

The symmetrical structure is also not mandatory. It can e.g. B. be dispensed with one of the two sheet metal frames, so that the four-bar linkage is only supported on one side.

It is also not imperative that the tension spring 18 is attached with both ends to one end of the angle arm. The end 18.2. B. also be hooked into the eyelet 17. The restoring force then develops more per angular rotation of the swivel arm 15. Conversely, the progression of the restoring torque can be reduced by hanging both ends 18.1, 18.2 in the eyelet 16 (which travels a smaller distance). It is also conceivable that the articulated frame pin or. Has hooks to anchor the one of the two ends 18.1, 18.2 stationary. From all this it follows that it is easily possible to realize different restoring moments with one and the same frame and scissor joint construction. This is an advantage if the scissor joints are to be used for cabinet doors of different weights.

4 shows an embodiment for the adjustable balancing of a tilting wing. Shown is a rotary arm 27 with two guide arms 28, 29 articulated to it. Rotary arm 27 and guide arms 28, 29 are parts of one (not completely shown) articulated rectangles in the sense of Figures 1a, b. A lever 30 is rotatably attached to a frame 33 (only partially shown) (rotary attachment 32). The rotary fastening 32 is located at a certain distance behind the rotary arm 27. The rear end of the guide arm 28 is connected to a first end 30.1 by a spring 34 and the guide arm 29 to a second end 30.2 of the two-armed lever 30 via a second spring 35.

When the pivot arm 27 is moved forward, the springs 34, 35 are tensioned. The tension in the springs depends on the distance covered by the guide arms 28, 29 and on the lever ratios in the ends 30.1, 30.2 of the lever 30. The rotational movement of the lever 30 depends on the dimensions of the system. It is important that the springs 34, 35 engage at different points of attack on the four-bar linkage.

The lever 30 has z. B. an elongated hole 31 in the central region of the lever 30. Depending on the distance between the rotary fastener 32 in the slot 31 with respect to the ends 30.1, respectively. 30.2 is arranged, different leverage ratios are realized. Accordingly, the restoring force pressing on the four-bar linkage can be adjusted according to the existing needs.

5 shows a further variant of a resetting spring mechanism. Again, a pivot arm 36 is articulated to a frame 39. On the rotary arm 36, two guide arms 37, 38 are attached to form a four-bar linkage of any type.

At a distance from the rotating arm 36, a roller 41 is rotatably mounted on the frame 39. The fulcrum 40 of the roller 41 is in the present example eccentric. On the circumference of the roller 41 is a fastener 44 for a first and a second spring 42 and. 43 attached. The springs 42, 43 are partially guided around the circumference of the roller. The ends of the springs 42, 43 are fastened to the rotating arm 36 at suitably chosen points of attack 45, 46. The points of attack 45, 46 have different distances from the pivot point of the pivot arm 36.

When the pivot arm 36 (when opening the guided wing door) moves forward away from the pivot point 40, the springs 42, 43 are tensioned. Since the points of attack 45, 46 cover different distances and the roller 41 is mounted eccentrically, the springs 42, 43 expand to different extents. The role 41 will z. B. (in the illustration according to FIG. 5) turn counterclockwise. Because of the eccentric mounting, the torque exerted by the spring 42 on the roller 41 is increasing in the present example (because the distance of the separation point of the spring 42 from the circumference of the roller 41 moves away from the pivot point 40), while the torque of the spring 43 decreases .

It is obvious that by a suitable choice of the pivot point 40 of the roller 41, the restoring force exerted on the pivot arm 36 can be varied.

The features explained with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 can in principle also be used independently of the other embodiments of the invention. They can also be combined in various ways with the other features of the invention.

Furthermore, the tension spring 18 can also be dispensed with around a plastic ring 7. The back end the articulated frame 1 can, for. B. provide fixed anchors so that one or more springs can be anchored to the articulated frame and can attack on the four-bar linkage. Is z. B. a tension spring stretched between the rivet connection 4 and the bolt 13, then a force acting on the scissor joint acts. This can e.g. B. useful for a lid that can be opened to open (like a chest). Spring or other damping elements can of course also be dispensed with.

In summary, it should be noted that the invention has created an extremely compact and elegant device for holding or pivoting cupboard, window or other sashes or flaps. The device is also extremely robust and can be executed in an attractive design.

Claims (20)

Device for pivotably holding a wing flap (20), which can be pivoted in particular about a horizontal axis, comprising a flat four-bar link and resilient means for damping the pivoting movement, characterized in that the resilient means have a resilient part which is displaceably guided around an anchoring element (7) around an anchoring element (7) 18) include. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spring element (18) is a spiral spring which can be subjected to tension. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the anchoring element (7) offers an arcuate guide, the radius of curvature of which corresponds to a multiple of half the diameter of the spring element (18). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring element (18) engages (17, 18) with both ends (18.1, 18.2) on the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11). Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) and the anchoring element (7) are supported on a common link frame (1). Device for pivotally holding a wing flap, comprising a flat four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) and preferably resilient means (18) for damping a pivoting movement of the wing flap (20), characterized by an articulated frame (1), which supports the quadrilateral joint (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) essentially symmetrically with respect to a plane of movement of the quadrilateral joint (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11). Device in particular according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) is completely retractable in the articulated frame (1). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a mounting arm (15) for attaching the wing flap (20) is pivotably mounted or guided on the quadrangle (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11). Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the spring element (18) pulls the four-bar link (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) back into the hinged frame (1) and is tensioned when the wing flap (20) is opened . Device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the spring element (18) is substantially completely housed in the articulated frame (1). Device according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the articulated frame (1) is essentially formed by two (4, 5, 6) frame parts (2, 3) connected to one another at a defined distance. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the anchoring element (7) is a ring, in particular made of plastic, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane of movement of the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11). Device according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the four-bar linkage (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10, 11) has two arms (8.1, 8.2 or 9.1, 9.2) which are pivotably attached to the articulated frame (1) and two said arms (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) have further arms (10, 11) fastened parallel to one another, the fastening arm (15) being attached to the latter arms. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the first-mentioned arms (8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) are designed as double arms (8.1 / 8.2, 9.1 / 9.2), and the second-mentioned arms (10, 11) between the first-mentioned arms (8.1 , 8.2, 9.1, 9.2) are held like a fork. Device in particular according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that two springs (34, 35; 42, 43) are provided which are at points of attack (28, 29; 45, 46) of different leverage on the four-bar linkage (27, 28, 29; 36, 37, 38). Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the springs (34, 35; 42, 43) are attached to a rotating member (30; 41) with adjustable lever ratios to achieve an adjustable damping or relief effect. Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the rotating member (30) is a lever with an adjustable (31) length of the lever arms (30.1 / 32, 30.2 / 32). Cabinet with a pivotable door (20) which is held or guided by at least two devices according to one of claims 1 to 17. Cabinet according to claim 18, characterized in that a frame opening for the cabinet door (20) is delimited on at least one side by a tube (24, 25), and in that the cabinet door can be pivoted about the geometric axis of the at least one tube (24). Cabinet according to one of claims 18 or 19, characterized in that the cabinet door (20) has recesses for hanging fastening arms (15).

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