EP1428927B1 - Cable synthétique renforcé pour ascenseurs - Google Patents

Cable synthétique renforcé pour ascenseurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1428927B1
EP1428927B1 EP03026314A EP03026314A EP1428927B1 EP 1428927 B1 EP1428927 B1 EP 1428927B1 EP 03026314 A EP03026314 A EP 03026314A EP 03026314 A EP03026314 A EP 03026314A EP 1428927 B1 EP1428927 B1 EP 1428927B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
rope
phase
cable
strands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03026314A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1428927A1 (fr
Inventor
Lorenzo Dr. Parrini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP03026314A priority Critical patent/EP1428927B1/fr
Publication of EP1428927A1 publication Critical patent/EP1428927A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1428927B1 publication Critical patent/EP1428927B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1036—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands nine or more strands respectively forming multiple layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2009—Wires or filaments characterised by the materials used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2014—Compound wires or compound filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2036—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2041—Strands characterised by the materials used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2071—Spacers
    • D07B2201/2074—Spacers in radial direction
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205—Aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2065—Reducing wear
    • D07B2401/207—Reducing wear internally
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Kunststoffoffsiel or belt as suspension means for elevators according to the definition of the claims.
  • steel cables are used in elevator construction, which are connected to traction sheave, cab and counterweight.
  • the use of steel cables has some disadvantages. Due to the high weight of the steel cable the lifting height of an elevator system limits. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction between the metal traction sheave and the steel cable is so small that the coefficient of friction must be increased by various measures such as special groove shapes or special groove feeds in the traction sheave or by increasing the wrap angle.
  • the steel cable between the drive and the cabin acts as a sound bridge, which means a reduction in ride comfort. In order to reduce these undesirable effects, complex constructive measures are required.
  • steel cables endure a lower number of bending cycles compared to plastic cables, are subject to corrosion and must be regularly serviced.
  • WO 84/02354 discloses the reinforcement of steel cables by a second phase in the ferrite matrix.
  • Plastic ropes are usually composed of a plurality of coiled and / or packed supporting strands as described in the patents US 4,887,422 . US 4 640 179 . US 4,624,097 . US 4,202,164 . US 4 022 010 and EP 0 252 830 can be seen.
  • Plastic ropes indicate a very good longitudinal strength, but which opposes poor radial strength.
  • the plastic cables endure with difficulty the pressure exerted on their outer surface pressure, which can lead to an undesirable shortened life of the rope.
  • the modulus of elasticity of today's plastic ropes is too small for lifts with greater lift heights: unwanted extensions of the rope occur and annoying vibrations of the set in motion elevator are noticed by the user, especially if the length of the rope has exceeded a certain limit.
  • Object of the present invention is to propose a rope or belt as a support means or propellant for elevators of the type mentioned, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages and by means of which the ride comfort and safety is increased.
  • the following disadvantages are to be eliminated: the undesirable shortened life of the rope, the too small modulus of elasticity of the rope, the unwanted extensions of the rope and the annoying vibrations of the set in motion elevator.
  • phase By the classical definition of physical chemistry, by “phase” is meant a solid, liquid or gaseous body having homogeneous or at least without discontinuity varying physical and chemical properties, such as composition, elastic modulus, density, etc. (See P. Atkins, “Physical Chemistry", VCH, Weinheim, 1987, page 201 )
  • a Gibbs phase is defined as follows: A phase is a state of matter in which it is uniform throughout in its chemical composition and in its physical state.
  • a gas or gas mixture is a single phase; a crystal is a single phase; and two completely miscible liquids also form a single phase.
  • Ice too, is a single phase, even when broken up into small pieces.
  • a slurry of ice and water is a two-phase system, although it is difficult to locate the phase boundaries in this system.
  • An alloy of two metals is a two-phase system when the two metals are immiscible, but a single-phase system when they are miscible with each other.
  • the obtained reinforced rope indicates a higher modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal direction than that of the unreinforced rope.
  • the obtained reinforced rope also has a higher modulus of elasticity, a higher strength and a higher breaking stress in the radial direction and a longer life than those of the rope without reinforcement out.
  • Fig.1 shows a section through a conventional plastic cord 1.
  • a sheath 2 surrounds an outermost strand layer 3.
  • the sheath 2 made of plastic, preferably polyurethane, increases the coefficient of friction of the rope 1 on a traction sheave.
  • the outermost strand layer 3 must have such high binding forces to the casing 2 that it does not shift or form upsets due to the thrust forces occurring when the cable 1 is loaded. These binding forces are achieved by the plastic casing 2 is sprayed (extruded), so that all the spaces in the outer Litzenmoi are filled and a large holding surface is formed (see EP 0672781 ).
  • the strands 4 are turned or beaten from individual fibers 5 made of aramid.
  • Each individual strand 4 is used to protect the fibers 5 with a Impregnating agent, eg polyurethane solution, treated.
  • the flexural strength of the rope 1 depends on the proportion of polyurethane in each strand 4. The higher the proportion of the polyurethane, the higher the bending cycle performance. With increasing polyurethane content, however, the carrying capacity and the modulus of elasticity of the synthetic fiber rope 1 decreases with the same rope diameter.
  • the proportion of polyurethane for impregnating the strands 4 can be, for example, between ten and sixty percent, depending on the desired bending change performance and transverse pressure sensitivity.
  • the individual strands 4 can also be protected by a braided sheath made of polyester fibers.
  • a friction-reducing intermediate sheath 7 is therefore provided between the outermost strand layer 3 and the inner strand layer 6.
  • the wear is kept low at the outermost layer of strands 3 and inner strand layers 6, which perform the most relative movements in the bending of the rope on the traction sheave.
  • Another means of preventing frictional wear on the strands 4 could be an elastic filling compound which bonds the strands 4 together without unduly reducing the flexibility of the rope 1.
  • a strand 4 is typically made as follows: 1000 fibers 5 with 12 ⁇ m diameter form 1 yarn. 11-12 yarns will then go to a strand 4.
  • Fig. 2 shows a toothed belt
  • Fig. 3 shows a poly-V belt
  • Fig. 4 shows a double rope.
  • the aramid fibers 5 consisting of highly oriented molecular chains have a high tensile strength. However, in contrast to steel, the aramid fiber 5 has a rather low transverse strength because of its atomic structure. For this reason, no conventional steel cable locks for Seilendbefest Trent of synthetic fiber ropes 1 can be used, since the clamping forces acting in these components greatly reduce the breaking load of the rope 1.
  • a suitable Seilenditati for synthetic fiber ropes 1 is already by the PCT / CH94 / 00044 known.
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the structure of the synthetic fiber rope according to the invention 1.
  • the stranded fibers 4 made of aramid or beaten strands 4 are struck including the fillets 9 by a soul 10 layers left or right.
  • Between an inner and the outer strand layer 3 of the friction-reducing intermediate jacket 7 is attached.
  • the outermost strand layer 3 is covered by the casing 2.
  • the surface 11 of the casing 2 can be structured.
  • the object of the sheath 2 is to ensure the desired coefficient of friction to the traction sheave and protect the strands 4 from mechanical and chemical damage and UV rays.
  • the load is carried exclusively by the strands 4.
  • the rope 1 constructed from aramid fibers 5 has, with the same cross-section, a significantly higher load-bearing capacity compared with a steel cable and only one-fifth to one-sixth the specific weight. For the same load capacity, therefore, the diameter of a synthetic fiber rope 1 compared to a conventional steel cable can be reduced.
  • the rope 1 is completely protected against corrosion. Maintenance such as steel cables, eg to grease the ropes, is no longer necessary.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a section through an inventive reinforced fiber 5 made of aramid
  • Fig. 7 a perspective view of the invention reinforced fiber reproduces.
  • the phase distribution is such that aramid forms the first phase or base material and that the reinforcing particles form the second phase.
  • Particles 12, also called the second phase are introduced into the base material 13 and distributed.
  • the second phase indicates a higher modulus of elasticity than that of the first phase 13 or at least indicates such mechanical and chemical properties that the elastic modulus of the reinforced aramid fiber becomes higher than that of the unreinforced aramid fiber.
  • the second phase 12 may for example consist of a very hard plastic, a stiffer polymer than aramid, ceramic, carbon, glass, steel, titanium, special metal alloys and / or intermetallic phases.
  • stiff is meant a higher modulus of elasticity than that of aramid.
  • the geometric shape of the particles 12 can lead to a distribution of spheres, capsules, globules, short and / or long fibers.
  • Fig. 8 For example, Figure 4 shows various geometric embodiments of the second phase fiber-reinforcing particles which may take the form of spheres a, approximately spherical granules b, slices c, short fibers d or long fibers e distributed in the aramid matrix.
  • the fibers of the second phase 12 may become as long as the fibers 5 of aramid and run parallel to and be incorporated as in Fig. 9 is pictured.
  • the distribution and density of the particles 12 is preferably homogeneous in aramid 13.
  • the orientation of the fibers may be random (random), as in Fig. 7 shown, or have a preferred direction relative to the longitudinal direction of the fiber 5, such as in Fig. 9 ,
  • the modulus of elasticity of the entire fiber 5 in the longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction of the fiber 5 is increased. Also, the breaking tension of the rope is increased and the life of the rope is prolonged compared to the case of the unreinforced rope.
  • the introduction of the second phase in order to optimize the mechanical properties of an aramid rope, makes it possible to avoid the known disadvantages of using such cables as lifting means for elevators.
  • the modulus of elasticity of the entire rope is increased in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction so that the requirements of the rope can be achieved as a support means for a lift system with a large lifting height.
  • the life and the breaking and tensile strength of the reinforced according to the invention aramid rope are substantially increased and thus satisfy by far the requirements placed in the area of elevators safety. At the same time, the weight of the reinforced aramid rope remains substantially smaller than that of a corresponding steel rope of comparable strength.
  • the base material 13 of the fiber 5 may be replaced by other synthetic compositions having sufficient strength.
  • the reinforcing particles 12 moreover allow the use of materials as green material 13, which would not be possible without the positive effect of the reinforcement.
  • reinforcing particles 12 in the first phase 13 is also conceivable in elevator ropes, which have a different structure and arrangement of the strands than those of in Fig. 5 have shown rope.
  • elevator belts can also be reinforced by particles 12 and thus have more suitable mechanical properties in order to be used as lifting or blowing agent for lifts.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Câble en matière plastique ou courroie pour ascenseurs (1) comportant des torons porteurs (4) qui sont composés de plusieurs fibres (5) et qui sont entourés par une gaine (2), caractérisé en ce que le matériau des fibres (5) se compose d'au moins deux phases (12, 13).
  2. Câble ou courroie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une première phase (13) du matériau des fibres (5) se compose d'un matériau de base tel qu'une matière plastique, des composés synthétiques, de l'aramide, du Zylon, tandis que la seconde phase (12) du matériau des fibres (5) se compose d'un matériau de renforcement qui augmente le module d'élasticité des fibres dans le sens longitudinal et/ou radial des fibres.
  3. Câble ou courroie selon la revendication 2, pour lequel le matériau de renforcement des fibres présente un module d'élasticité supérieur à celui du matériau de base.
  4. Câble ou courroie selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, pour lequel le matériau de renforcement est disposé et réparti sous la forme de fibres longues et/ou courtes, de capsules, de sphères dans le matériau de base qui forme une matrice.
  5. Ascenseur pourvu d'un câble en matière plastique ou d'une courroie comportant des torons porteurs selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
  6. Procédé pour fabriquer un câble en matière plastique ou une courroie d'ascenseur comportant des torons porteurs qui sont composés de plusieurs fibres et qui sont entourés par une gaine, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux phases sont réunies et/ou mélangées pour former les fibres.
  7. Procédé pour fabriquer un câble ou une courroie d'ascenseur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une première phase du matériau des fibres se compose d'un matériau de base tel qu'une matière plastique, des composés synthétiques, de l'aramide, du Zylon, tandis que la seconde phase du matériau des fibres se compose d'un matériau de renforcement qui augmente le module d'élasticité des fibres dans le sens longitudinal et/ou radial des fibres.
EP03026314A 2002-12-04 2003-11-17 Cable synthétique renforcé pour ascenseurs Expired - Lifetime EP1428927B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03026314A EP1428927B1 (fr) 2002-12-04 2003-11-17 Cable synthétique renforcé pour ascenseurs

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02027092 2002-12-04
EP02027092 2002-12-04
EP03026314A EP1428927B1 (fr) 2002-12-04 2003-11-17 Cable synthétique renforcé pour ascenseurs

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1428927A1 EP1428927A1 (fr) 2004-06-16
EP1428927B1 true EP1428927B1 (fr) 2008-02-27

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EP03026314A Expired - Lifetime EP1428927B1 (fr) 2002-12-04 2003-11-17 Cable synthétique renforcé pour ascenseurs

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2072447A1 (fr) 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 Inventio Ag Agencement de moyens de portage pour une installation d'ascenseur, installation d'ascenseur dotée d'un tel agencement de moyens de portage, ensemble de moyens de portage pour une telle installation de moyens de portage et procédé de fabrication d'un tel agencement de moyens de portage
GB2458001B (en) 2008-01-18 2010-12-08 Kone Corp An elevator hoist rope, an elevator and method
CN103443012B (zh) * 2011-03-21 2017-10-24 奥的斯电梯公司 电梯抗拉部件
NO337236B1 (en) * 2015-01-15 2016-02-22 Calorflex As A mooring member
EP3141513B1 (fr) * 2015-09-08 2022-12-07 Otis Elevator Company Élément de tension d'ascenseur

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984002354A1 (fr) * 1982-12-09 1984-06-21 Univ California Fils et tiges d'acier doux a double phase et a grande resistance, ainsi que leur procede de fabrication
US5011643A (en) * 1989-04-13 1991-04-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for making oriented, shaped articles of para-aramid/thermally-consolidatable polymer blends
CA2093762A1 (fr) * 1991-08-09 1993-02-10 Shouaki Ide Preimpregne de fibre de carbone et melange pour resine renforce de fibre de carbone
JPH0657662A (ja) * 1992-07-29 1994-03-01 Kobe Steel Ltd 樹脂被覆金属細線
BR9500779A (pt) * 1994-03-02 1995-10-24 Inventio Ag Cabo como meio de suporte para elevadores
JP3445674B2 (ja) * 1994-12-09 2003-09-08 新日本製鐵株式会社 耐捻回割れ性に優れた高強度鋼線

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1428927A1 (fr) 2004-06-16

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