EP1421267B1 - Verfahren zur regenerierung einer abgasfiltriervorrichtung für dieselmotoren und vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Verfahren zur regenerierung einer abgasfiltriervorrichtung für dieselmotoren und vorrichtung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1421267B1
EP1421267B1 EP02779615A EP02779615A EP1421267B1 EP 1421267 B1 EP1421267 B1 EP 1421267B1 EP 02779615 A EP02779615 A EP 02779615A EP 02779615 A EP02779615 A EP 02779615A EP 1421267 B1 EP1421267 B1 EP 1421267B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
diesel oil
injection
exhaust gases
filtration
particles
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EP02779615A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1421267A1 (de
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Jean-Claude Fayard
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CRMT
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CRMT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/08—Adding substances to exhaust gases with prior mixing of the substances with a gas, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of particulate filters and more particularly to a method of regenerating a diesel engine exhaust filtration device.
  • the present invention also relates to a filter device for retaining the carbonaceous particles and soot, produced by the engine and burn them regularly to prevent their accumulation, the latter phase constituting regeneration, the object of the method according to the invention.
  • the atmosphere is also modified by the release of solid particles. These particles are classified according to their size. Thus, the smallest so-called particles that can not be sedimented, because they are incapable of being deposited on the ground under the effect of gravitation, are the most dangerous for human health because they are likely to penetrate the pulmonary alveoli. In addition, they contaminate the highest layers of the atmosphere and are therefore responsible for global pollution.
  • the particulate filter requires regeneration to burn the particles that have been trapped.
  • the particles are generally trapped by a filter cartridge forming part of the particulate filter.
  • This cartridge to withstand the high temperatures encountered may consist of a porous body of cordierite, quartz or silicon carbide, generally of honeycomb structure to have a maximum filtration surface.
  • a major disadvantage of such particulate filters is the incomplete combustion of particles retained by the filter cartridge. Indeed, for urban use conditions, the temperature of the exhaust gas reached is insufficient to cause their combustion and significantly limit clogging of the filter and therefore its regeneration. Without chemical assistance, the carbonaceous particles resulting from the combustion of diesel fuel in diesel engines only start to oxidize significantly above 500 ° C. These temperatures are almost never reached in urban driving conditions.
  • a first technique consists in arranging upstream of the filter, a catalyst for oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) contained in the gases nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) exhaust system, the latter having the property of catalyzing the combustion of carbonaceous particles from 250 ° C.
  • NO nitric oxide
  • NO 2 nitrogen dioxide
  • this method requires the use of a diesel fuel whose sulfur content is less than 50 ppm (parts per million), to keep a conversion efficiency of NO to NO 2 sufficient.
  • CRT Continuous Regenerating Trap
  • Such operation is obtained only when the exhaust gas or the combustion chamber have a temperature greater than 300 ° C for at least 30% of the operating time of the vehicle.
  • organometallic additives added to the gas oil such as cerium, iron, strontium, calcium or others. These techniques make it possible to obtain an effect similar to that obtained with NO 2 by catalyzing the combustion of carbonaceous materials at temperatures in the region of 300 ° C.
  • a first disadvantage of these techniques is the prohibitive cost of the additives used.
  • WO-A-00/34632 describes all the features of the preambles of the independent claims 1 and 3.
  • US-A-4,462,812 discloses a particle separator for use in the exhaust system of a diesel engine, which comprises a filter retained in a chamber of this separator, so that the exhaust gas arriving can circulate freely around the free portion of this filter, to heat its external surface, and thus reduce the thermal stresses that are generated in this filter during its operation and its regeneration.
  • US-B-6,273,120 relates to a device for introducing a liquid reductant into an exhaust gas purification system, comprising a mixing chamber of this reducer with a gas, in communication with a transport pipe of this type. gearbox as well as with a pipe for transporting this gas, while a device for controlling the pressure in the line of the gearbox is provided, depending on the pressure of the gas in the gas line.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a method of regeneration of a filtration device, which overcomes the disadvantages of the various existing techniques of treating the carbonaceous particles and soot emitted by diesel engines.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a regeneration process, thus avoiding any risk of accumulation of particles in the filtration device and therefore any risk of uncontrolled regeneration.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a regeneration process that does not lead to significant overconsumption of fuel and, more generally, does not entail additional financial cost for the user.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide a regeneration process that does not affect the performance of the engine, in particular by pressure losses, due to the counterpressure exerted by the exhaust gases on the engine, due to clogging of the filter device.
  • a final objective of the invention is to provide a filtration device for implementing the regeneration method according to the invention.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a filtration device for carrying out the regeneration method according to the invention.
  • This device is in accordance with the appended claim 3.
  • FIG. 1 The system that allows the implementation of the regeneration method according to the invention is shown schematically in Figure 1, according to a preferred embodiment.
  • this system collaborate various mechanical elements of the vehicle, which are or are not part of the filter device and which contribute to the regeneration of this device.
  • a diesel engine 10 supplied with fuel by a main tank 12 via a feed system 14, produces exhaust gas in operation. These gases are recovered through a manifold (not shown) at the engine outlet and are evacuated via an exhaust duct 16. This duct joins an enclosure 18 containing a catalyst production means. 20 and a filtering means 22. A temperature probe 24 and a pressure sensor 26 are also placed at the chamber 18. These probes have the function of measuring the temperature and the pressure in the vicinity of the production means. of combustion catalyst. The data relating to these measurements are transmitted to an electronic control unit 28 and are analyzed by the latter.
  • the electronic control unit is connected to two ducts 30 and 32 and triggers their opening.
  • the conduit 30 connects a secondary reservoir 34 to the injection chamber 36.
  • This secondary reservoir 34 supplies the injection chamber 36 with diesel fuel. Itself is fed by the main tank 12 through a piping system 38.
  • the conduit 32 connects the engine 10 to the injection chamber 36. It allows the engine 10 to supply the injection chamber 36 with compressed air.
  • the ducts 30 and 32 are opened via two solenoid valves 31 and 33, electrically controlled by the electronic control unit.
  • FIG. 1 A detailed view in longitudinal section of the chamber 18 is shown in FIG.
  • the combustion catalyst production means 20 and the filtration means 22 are grouped together in the chamber.
  • the combustion catalyst production means 20 consists of two cartridges 20a and 20b for the production of combustion catalysts.
  • these cartridges are preferably on a metal support so as to obtain the lowest thermal inertia possible.
  • these cartridges are preferably based on platinum and are the seat of a conversion of the nitrogen monoxide (NO) contained in the exhaust gases to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), which constitutes the combustion catalyst. NO 2 diffuses to the filtration medium 22.
  • NO nitrogen monoxide
  • NO 2 nitrogen dioxide
  • the filtration means 22 consists of a set of three-dimensional filter units.
  • these filter units are honeycomb type silicon carbide.
  • these filtering units are assembled so as to form the body of a particle filter.
  • the filtration means consists of three particulate filters 22a, 22b and 22c. These particulate filters thus arranged, are represented as seen from above in FIG. 3.
  • the filters consist of a body 40, and a metal casing 42.
  • the body 40 is constituted by the assembly of several filtering units 44, separated by a seal 46, whose function is to compensate for their expansion.
  • the enclosure 18 has in its lower part a retention chamber to increase their residence time in the enclosure, purified exhaust gas through the filtration means (filter units or particulate filters).
  • FIG. 4 A variant of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the particulate filters 22a, 22b and 22c are arranged in opposite directions.
  • the device then comprises a particular zone of retention of the exhaust gases, not yet filtered. Indeed, these are contained between the catalyst cartridges and the lower support 48 of the filters, which allows a longer residence time of the exhaust gases, before their passage in the particle filters, which goes from one on the other hand, to promote the exchange of heat between the gases and the filters and, on the other hand, to limit the loss of heat by exchange with the outside.
  • the filter units 44 are independent of one another.
  • each filter unit is separated from adjacent ones by a space sufficient to allow their expansion.
  • This arrangement is particularly advantageous because, on the one hand, it makes it possible to significantly reduce the thermal expansion stresses, especially in the event of sudden combustion of retained particles, which greatly limits the risk of the filter units deteriorating; on the other hand, the available surface area for the heat transfer by the gases is considerably increased, which further increases this heat transfer.
  • a variant of this second embodiment, shown in FIG. 5, consists in arranging the filter units 44 in the opposite direction in the filtration device, with a support positioned in the lower part, in the image of the variant of the first mode. embodiment, shown in Figure 4.
  • the advantages of this provision are identical to those mentioned above in the description of Figure 4.
  • each filter unit is a square-based cylinder having a width and a depth of 35 mm, and a length ranging from 150 to 300 mm.
  • the regeneration occurs through the injection of diesel fuel.
  • the temperature in the vicinity of the catalyst production means is measured by means of the probe 24.
  • the measured temperature value ⁇ m is collected by the control electronics unit.
  • the housing will compare this value ⁇ m to a reference value ⁇ r , corresponding to the temperature at which the combustion of diesel in the presence of catalyst is complete.
  • the electronic control unit triggers the opening of the solenoid valves 31 and 33. This opening causes the entry of diesel and compressed air into the chamber 36.
  • the diesel fuel mixes with the compressed air and the mixture thus formed is pulverized in the nebulized form. in the gas evacuation duct 16.
  • This spraying is done through an orifice formed in the wall of the chamber 36, facing which there is a nozzle, fixed to the chamber, to obtain a jet nebulized under pressure.
  • the chamber 36 is of the compressed air paint gun type.
  • the capacity of the secondary tank 34 is determined so that it corresponds to the maximum volume of diesel fuel required for the regeneration. Thus, over-consumption of diesel can not occur.
  • the frequency of the regeneration cycles is limited by the time required to fill the secondary tank 34, which also avoids excessive consumption of fuel.
  • the fuel injected into the exhaust duct 16 enters the enclosure and undergoes complete combustion at the catalyst producing means.
  • This combustion induces a significant increase in temperature up to a temperature ⁇ c at which the combustion of the particles which clog the filtration means will proceed.
  • the NO 2 molecules produced will catalyze this combustion reaction.
  • this reaction occurs at a temperature below normal temperature.
  • the solid particles are transformed into gases which are evacuated.
  • the filtration means is then devoid of deposits and recovers its full filtration capacity.
  • the measurement of ⁇ m can be exploited by the electronic unit in order to evaluate the temperature of the particles at the level of the filtration means. Indeed, if ⁇ m is close to the temperature at which the combustion of particles can be done without post-injection of diesel fuel, the calculator can decide not to trigger this post-injection, which allows a substantial saving of fuel .
  • an additional temperature sensor is disposed near the filtration means so as to obtain the exact temperature of the particles.
  • a third operational mode consists in simultaneously measuring the temperature and the pressure at the level of the catalyst production means, thanks to the temperature probe 24 and to the pressure probe 26.
  • the measured pressure value P m reflects the degree of obstruction filtration means by the particles. Indeed, if the filtering means is clogged, the exhaust gases pass more difficultly and then exert a back pressure. Thus, the measurement of the pressure P m corresponds to the best means of controlling the clogging of the filtration means.
  • the electronic control unit compares the measured value P m with a reference value P r , corresponding to the maximum acceptable degree of obstruction of the filtration means. If P m is greater than or equal to P r , the electronic control unit compares ⁇ m with ⁇ r .
  • the housing then triggers the diesel injection post-injection which leads to the regeneration of the filtration means.
  • This operational mode has the advantage of triggering post-injection only when the filtration means has reached a certain degree of clogging, which allows to greatly limit overconsumption of fuel.
  • the test was carried out on a bench under conditions corresponding to urban driving conditions.
  • the control unit has been set up so that the post-injection is triggered as soon as the back pressure reaches 120 mb and the gas temperature is above 300 ° C.
  • the device described in this example makes it possible to obtain an exhaust gas temperature that is constantly higher than 300 ° C., regardless of the initial temperature of the exhaust gas.
  • the backpressure value measured after each regeneration process of the filtration device is 50 mb, which corresponds to the value of back pressure measured on a new filtration device. Regeneration of the device is complete.
  • the regeneration process according to the invention and the associated filtration device are therefore particularly suitable for the treatment of the exhaust gases of urban public transport vehicles.
  • the gases produced by these vehicles are generally at a temperature below that required to allow the regeneration of conventional filtration devices, resulting in clogging of these devices and therefore their rapid deterioration by sudden combustion reactions.
  • the results obtained with the present technique make it possible to envisage a minimum service life of the filtration device of 100,000 km, on vehicles of this type.
  • the inventors have the merit of having been able to combine and adapt various existing techniques in order to potentiate their effects and to obtain a device having a very high degree of efficiency. high efficiency, to fight against the emission of polluting particles produced by diesel engines and, secondly, to obtain excellent results in terms of filter regeneration, even in the case of vehicles whose engine speeds do not allow to obtain exhaust gases having a high temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zum Regenerieren einer Filtervorrichtung für von einem Dieselmotor erzeugte Abgase, wobei dieses Verfahren von der Art derer ist, bei denen Partikel, die an einer Filtereinrichtung (22) der Filtervorrichtung zurückgehalten werden, dank der Wirkung eines Verbrennungskatalysators (20) verbrannt werden, wobei die Filtereinrichtung (22) für die Abgase einem Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators (20) nachgeordnet vorgesehen ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es im Wesentlichen darin besteht, die heißen Abgase um die Filtereinrichtung (22) herum zurückzuhalten, um den Partikeln zumindest einen Teil der zu ihrer Verbrennung notwendigen Wärmeenergie zu liefern und die Partikel so zu verbrennen, dass die Filtervorrichtung regeneriert wird, und auch:
    - ein Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators (20) in der Filtervorrichtung einzusetzen,
    - eine Temperatur θm in unmittelbarer Nähe des Betriebsmittels des Verbrennungskatalysators (20) zu messen,
    - θm mit einer Temperatur θr zu vergleichen, die der Temperatur entspricht, bei der die Verbrennung des Kraftstoffs unter Mitwirkung des Verbrennungskatalysators abgeschlossen ist,
    - wenn θm größer oder gleich θr ist, eine Kraftstoffnacheinspritzung in die Filtervorrichtung während einer bestimmten Dauer mittels einer Einspritzvorrichtung auszulösen, um eine Temperaturerhöhung der Partikel herbeizuführen, um ihre Verbrennung zu ermöglichen.
  2. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es auch darin besteht:
    - einen Druck Pm in der unmittelbaren Nähe des Betriebsmittels des Verbrennungskatalysators (20) zu messen, wobei der Druck Pm den Grad der Zusetzung der Filtereinrichtung (22) durch die Partikel wiederspiegelt,
    - den Druck Pm mit einem Referenzdruck P, zu vergleichen, der dem höchsten annehmbaren Zusetzungsgrad entspricht,
    - wenn Pm größer oder gleich dem Druck P, ist, θm mit θr zu vergleichen, wenn θm größer oder gleich θr ist, die Kraftstoffnacheinspritzung auszulösen.
  3. Vorrichtung, die die Durchführung des Regenerierungsverfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 ermöglicht, umfassend ein Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators (20), eine dem Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators nachgeordnete Filtereinrichtung (22), eine dem Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators vorgeordnete Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung, wobei die Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators und die Filtereinrichtungen in einem Reaktionsbehälter (18) im Strömungsweg der von einem Motor (10) erzeugten Abgase enthalten sind, sowie ein elektronisches Steuergerät (28) und mindestens einen Temperaturfühler (24), der im Inneren des Behälters (18) angebracht ist, um darin die Temperatur θm zu messen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit einem Abgasabzugsrohr (16) in Verbindung steht, und dass das elektronische Steuergerät (28) mit dem Temperaturfühler (24) verbunden ist, den gemessenen Wert θm mit dem Referenzwert θr vergleicht, und mittels des Einspritzsystems die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in das Abzugsrohr (16) auslöst, wenn der Messwert θm größer oder gleich dem Referenzwert θr ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, die die Umsetzung des Regenerierungsverfahrens nach Anspruch 2 ermöglicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens einen Druckfühler (26) umfasst, der im Inneren des Behälters (18) angebracht ist, um darin den Druck Pm zu messen, und dass das elektronische Steuergerät (28) mit dem Druckfühler (26) verbunden ist, den gemessenen Wert Pm mit dem Referenzwert Pr vergleicht, und mittels des Einspritzsystems die Kraftstoffeinspritzung in das Abzugsrohr (16) auslöst, wenn der Messwert Pm größer oder gleich dem Referenzwert Pr ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filtereinrichtung, die aus einer Gruppe von Filtereinheiten (44) besteht, in eine Abgasaufnahmekammer eingetaucht ist, wobei die Abgase die Filtereinheiten erhitzen.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filtereinrichtung aus mindestens zwei Partikelfiltern (22a, 22b) besteht, die einen Körper (40) umfassen, der von den Filtereinheiten (44) gebildet ist, die durch ein Verbindungsstück (46) und eine Metallummantelung (42) fest miteinander verbunden sind.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einspritzvorrichtung in dem Abzugsrohr (16) einen Kraftstoffbehälter (34) und eine Einspritzkammer (36) für den im Behälter enthaltenen Kraftstoff umfasst.
  8. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einspritzkammer (36) einerseits mittels einer ersten Leitung (30), die sie mit dem Behälter (34) verbindet, mit Kraftstoff, und andererseits mittels einer zweiten Leitung (32), die sie mit dem Motor (10) verbindet, mit Druckluft gespeist wird, wobei die Kammer eine Öffnung umfasst, durch die der Kraftstoff in die Filtervorrichtung eingespritzt wird.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitungen (30 und 32), die die Kammer (36) des Einspritzsystems mit Kraftstoff und Druckluft speisen, jeweils ein Elektroventil (31 und 33) umfassen, das vom elektronischen Steuergerät gesteuert wird, wobei die Öffnung dieser Elektroventile den Eintritt von Kraftstoff und Druckluft in die Kammer (36) und somit die Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in das Abgasabzugsrohr herbeiführt.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kammer (36) des Einspritzsystems mit einer der Öffnung zugewandten Düse ausgestattet ist, die es ermöglicht, den Kraftstoff in zerstäubter Form in das Abgasabzugsrohr (46) einzuspritzen.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filtereinheiten (44) vorzugsweise aus Siliciumcarbid oder irgendeinem anderen gleichwertigen Werkstoff bestehen, dessen Struktur wabenartig ist.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Betriebsmittel des Verbrennungskatalysators aus mindestens einer Kartusche auf Basis von Platin oder irgendeines anderen gleichwertigen Werkstoffs besteht, der die Umwandlung des in den Abgasen enthalten Stickstoffmonoxids (NO) in Stickstoffdioxid (NO2) beschleunigt, wobei das entstehende NO2 die Verbrennungsreaktion der Partikel beschleunigt, die den Filter zusetzen.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fassungsvermögen des zweiten Behälters (34) vorzugsweise dem Höchstvolumen des Kraftstoffs entspricht, der bei der Nacheinspritzung eingespritzt wird.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikelfilter (22a und 22b) im Behälter (18) parallel eingesetzt sind.
EP02779615A 2001-08-28 2002-08-07 Verfahren zur regenerierung einer abgasfiltriervorrichtung für dieselmotoren und vorrichtung dafür Expired - Lifetime EP1421267B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0111180 2001-08-28
FR0111180A FR2829180B1 (fr) 2001-08-28 2001-08-28 Procede de regeneration d'un dispositif de filtration des gaz d'echappement pour un moteur diesel et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
PCT/FR2002/002819 WO2003018971A1 (fr) 2001-08-28 2002-08-07 Procede de regeneration d'un dispositif de filtration des gaz d'echappement pour moteur diesel et dispositif de mise en oeuvre

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EP1421267A1 EP1421267A1 (de) 2004-05-26
EP1421267B1 true EP1421267B1 (de) 2006-04-12

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US (1) US20050000211A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1421267B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE323219T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2458983C (de)
DE (1) DE60210631T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2829180B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003018971A1 (de)

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WO2005005797A2 (en) * 2003-06-12 2005-01-20 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method of dispensing fuel into transient flow of an exhaust system
FR2872212B1 (fr) * 2004-06-23 2006-11-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme d'evaluation de l'etat de charge de moyens de depollution d'une ligne d'echappement
US20060101810A1 (en) * 2004-11-15 2006-05-18 Angelo Theodore G System for dispensing fuel into an exhaust system of a diesel engine
US20060218902A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Solar Turbines Incorporated Burner assembly for particulate trap regeneration
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CN108868974A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2018-11-23 王随朝 柴油发电机尾气处理装置

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Publication number Publication date
FR2829180B1 (fr) 2005-10-28
ATE323219T1 (de) 2006-04-15
DE60210631T2 (de) 2007-04-05
DE60210631D1 (de) 2006-05-24
EP1421267A1 (de) 2004-05-26
FR2829180A1 (fr) 2003-03-07
WO2003018971A1 (fr) 2003-03-06
US20050000211A1 (en) 2005-01-06
CA2458983C (fr) 2012-07-10
CA2458983A1 (fr) 2003-03-06

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