EP1461515B1 - Verfahren zum kühlen von teilchenfiltern durch einspritzen von ammoniumnitrtat und vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Verfahren zum kühlen von teilchenfiltern durch einspritzen von ammoniumnitrtat und vorrichtung dafür Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1461515B1
EP1461515B1 EP02799087A EP02799087A EP1461515B1 EP 1461515 B1 EP1461515 B1 EP 1461515B1 EP 02799087 A EP02799087 A EP 02799087A EP 02799087 A EP02799087 A EP 02799087A EP 1461515 B1 EP1461515 B1 EP 1461515B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ammonium nitrate
filtration
temperature
filtration means
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02799087A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1461515A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Fayard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CRMT
Original Assignee
CRMT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CRMT filed Critical CRMT
Publication of EP1461515A1 publication Critical patent/EP1461515A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1461515B1 publication Critical patent/EP1461515B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0237—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles for regenerating ex situ
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F01N3/0293—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust injecting substances in exhaust stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F01N3/0293—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust injecting substances in exhaust stream
    • F01N3/0296—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust injecting substances in exhaust stream having means for preheating additional substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of particulate filters and more particularly to a method of regenerating particulate filters.
  • the present invention relates to a regeneration method of a diesel particulate filter, integrated into the exhaust line of a vehicle, based on the use of an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate.
  • the present invention also provides a device for carrying out the present method.
  • Document FR-A-2 549 135 describes a process for removing the soot produced by a diesel engine, contained in the exhaust gas and deposited on a filtering means.
  • This process consists mainly of the use of copper chloride to remove carbonaceous particles.
  • This copper chloride is associated with ammonium nitrate, in order to reduce the ignition temperature of the soot particles and to slow down the deposition of copper oxide on the filtration means.
  • Copper chloride and ammonium nitrate, both in powder form, are fed to the filtration means, mixed or separately, distributed in compressed air.
  • CTR Continuous Regenerating Trap
  • This means consists of a catalyst support on which is fixed the catalyst, which is usually a precious metal such as platinum or rhodium.
  • the NO 2 produced by the action of the latter has the property of oxidizing the carbon particles from 250 ° C.
  • the proper functioning of the filter depends on the average temperature reached and the ratio of particles emitted relative to the NO 2 formed.
  • additives are alkalis, alkaline earths or metals which are often used as a mixture.
  • a first disadvantage of these techniques is the prohibitive cost of the additives used.
  • organometallic additives Another disadvantage of these organometallic additives is that they entail an even greater risk of clogging of the filtration means and therefore the resulting reactions, if the temperatures reached in operation are not sufficiently large to burn it.
  • the primary objective of the present invention is therefore to provide a simple, effective and inexpensive method of regeneration of the filtration means contained in the exhaust lines of motor vehicles.
  • Another objective is to provide a regeneration process avoiding any risk of accumulation of particles in the filtration means and therefore any risk of uncontrolled regeneration.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method which does not entail significant additional cost for the user.
  • Yet another objective is to provide a method that can be implemented directly on the vehicle, but also by the use of a regeneration device independent of the vehicle.
  • a final objective of the invention is to provide a filtration device for implementing the regeneration method according to the invention.
  • the applicant has had the merit of highlighting that an aqueous solution of pure or quasi-pure ammonium nitrate could be used to regenerate the exhaust gas filtration means.
  • the present invention satisfies the aforementioned objectives by first proposing a method for regenerating a gas filtration device.
  • exhaust systems produced by a motor this process being of the type in which particles, retained on a filter means of said filter device, are burned by the action of a combustion catalyst.
  • This process is characterized in that it consists essentially of using an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate, to allow an intimate mixture between the nitrate and the carbon particles and cause the combustion of said particles.
  • the process according to the invention comprises a preliminary step, consisting in triggering an injection of ammonium nitrate into the filtration device, when the temperature ⁇ m is less than or equal to ⁇ r , so that the nitrate ammonium, in aqueous form, come impregnate in a particularly homogeneous manner, the particles deposited on the filtration means.
  • the injection of ammonium nitrate is preferentially triggered if P m is greater than or equal to the pressure P r .
  • this alternative method comprises an additional step of carrying out one or more successive injections of the aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate countercurrent in the filtration means maintained at a temperature at least equal to the decomposition temperature of the nitrate ammonium.
  • the aqueous ammonium nitrate solution used has an ammonium nitrate concentration of less than 128 g / 100 ml, and preferably between 10 and 100 g / 100 ml.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a filtration device for implementing the regeneration method according to the invention, which mainly comprises a means for filtering the exhaust gas contained in a reaction chamber, in the flow path of the exhaust gas produced by a motor and a means for injecting the ammonium nitrate solution connected to said reaction chamber.
  • this device also comprises an electronic device controlling the injection means of the solution of the ammonium nitrate solution.
  • the device also comprises at least one temperature probe placed inside the reaction chamber, able to measure the temperature ⁇ m , within it and connected to the electronic control device.
  • it also comprises at least one pressure sensor placed inside said enclosure, able to measure the pressure P m within it and connected to the electronic control device.
  • the injection means of the ammonium nitrate solution mainly comprises a reservoir of said solution, connected to an injection nozzle of said solution inside the reaction chamber, at the level of the filtration means.
  • Said injection nozzle is supplied on the one hand with ammonium nitrate solution by means of a first conduit connecting the reservoir to said nozzle, and on the other hand by compressed air via a second conduit connecting said nozzle to the engine.
  • the conduits connecting the injection nozzle to the tank of the ammonium nitrate solution and to the engine are each equipped with a solenoid valve controlled by the electronic control device.
  • the device also comprises a means for catalyzing the combustion of the particles retained on the filtering means.
  • this catalytic means consists of a support on which is fixed an oxidation catalyst.
  • the filtration means of said device is constituted by at least one set of at least one filter unit.
  • the catalyzing means 20 is preferably a metal support, in the form of a cartridge, on which is fixed a metal catalyst of the oxidation catalyst type, such as platinum.
  • This filtration means 22 consists of a set of filter units. These filter units are preferably of rectangular parallelepiped shape. Their structure is of honeycomb type. They are advantageously made of silicon carbide. However, it is possible to use filter units consisting of other metals or ceramics, such as cordierite. The filter units are separated by a seal, making the latter thermally independent of each other and also allowing their expansion. This seal can occupy only part of the interstitial space of the filter units, thus allowing the circulation of the exhaust gases between them.
  • a temperature probe 24 and a pressure sensor 26 are arranged at the inlet of the chamber 18. These probes have the function of measuring the temperature and the pressure at the inlet of the enclosure. The data relating to these measurements are transmitted to an electronic control device 28 and are analyzed by the latter. This device is also connected to two solenoid valves 30 and 32, arranged respectively on two ducts 34 and 36.
  • the duct 34 has the function of supplying compressed air to an injection nozzle 38 fixed against the wall of the enclosure 18 and a part of which projects inside said enclosure.
  • the conduit 36 connects said injection nozzle 38 to a reservoir 40 containing an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate.
  • a pump 42 At the outlet of the reservoir 40 is disposed a pump 42, of any suitable design, intended to take the ammonium nitrate into the reservoir and to send it into the conduit 36.
  • the capacity of the tank 40 is chosen according to the type of vehicle on which the device according to the invention is installed. Indeed, it should not be too bulky to be easily installed. However, it should not be too small to avoid too regular refills.
  • the process according to the invention and the device making it possible to implement it are based on the injection of an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate into the chamber, at the level of the filtration means, in order to optimally burn the carbon particles retained and this during the use of the vehicle.
  • the temperature at the inlet of the chamber 18 is measured, thanks to the probe 24.
  • the measured temperature value ⁇ m is collected by the electronic device 28.
  • the latter will compare this value ⁇ m with a value reference ⁇ r , corresponding to the temperature at which the ammonium nitrate contained in the aqueous solution causes the combustion of these particles.
  • the electronic device triggers the opening of the solenoid valves 30 and 32, in order to supply the injection nozzle 38 in ammonium nitrate solution and pressurized air.
  • the compressed air and the ammonium nitrate solution are mixed in the injection nozzle 38. This mixture is then sprayed on the filtration means 22.
  • the ammonium nitrate solution is sprayed as an aerosol on the filter units. Given the temperature prevailing in the chamber, the ammonium nitrate crystallizes by vaporization of the water used in the solution as a solvent. The ammonium nitrate crystals formed are then dispersed over the entire surface of the filter units, and then melted at a temperature of 173 ° C by optimally impregnating the carbon particles. They decompose suddenly above 210 ° C to cause instantaneous ignition of ammonium nitrate impregnated particles. Finally, the liberated combustion energy propagates the combustion step by step to the neighboring particles.
  • the filtration means is then devoid of deposits and recovers its full filtration capacity.
  • a variant of this method consists in simultaneously measuring the temperature and the pressure at the inlet of the chamber 18, thanks to the temperature probe 24 and to the pressure probe 26.
  • the pressure value P m measured reflects the degree of obstruction of the filtration means 22 by the particles. Indeed, if the filtering means 22 is clogged, the exhaust gas passes more difficultly and then exert a back pressure. Thus, the measurement of the pressure P m corresponds to the best means of controlling the degree of clogging of the filtration means 22.
  • the electronic device 28 compares the measured value P m with a reference value P r , corresponding to the maximum degree of obstruction. If P m is greater than or equal to P r , the electronic device 28 compares ⁇ m to ⁇ r .
  • the device 28 then triggers the diesel injection which leads to the regeneration of the filtration means 22.
  • This operating mode has the advantage of not triggering post-injection when the means of Filtration has reached a certain degree of clogging, which makes it possible to limit the consumption of ammonium nitrate solution.
  • the electronic device 28 can be programmed to trigger an injection of ammonium nitrate solution at a predetermined time interval. For example, such an injection can occur every morning when the vehicle is started.
  • This embodiment is of particular interest insofar as the filtration means being at a temperature more or less equal to the external temperature, the ammonium nitrate solution remains in liquid form. It then uniformly impregnates the carbon particles. Moreover, given the time required for the chamber to reach the temperature ⁇ m , the solution of Ammonium nitrate can permeate the particles deeply. As a result, when the temperature ⁇ m is reached, the combustion of the particles is optimized.
  • the electronic device can be programmed to trigger this cold injection only if a sufficient degree of clogging has been detected at the end of the previous period of use.
  • a filtration means made of a more brittle material than silicon carbide, for example cordierite it may be preferable to program the electronic device so that the regeneration frequency is greater. . Indeed, too much degree of clogging of the filtration means may cause a highly exothermic regeneration, which can damage the filtration means.
  • the ammonium nitrate injection means may be adapted to the device described above. Indeed, a reservoir, equivalent to the reservoir 40 according to the invention, can be advantageously connected to the injector referenced 49 in the single figure of the document FR-A-2 787 343, via a conduit. At the outlet of this reservoir, can be arranged a pump, equivalent to the pump 42 according to the invention.
  • the ammonium nitrate is propagated in the pipe to the filtration device. It then impregnates the particles which are detached from the filtration means under the action of the hot air vein. These particles then join the regenerator by the recirculation means, in which they are burned.
  • a variant of this regeneration process consists of recovering the filtration means after deposition of the vehicle exhaust line and mounting the filtration means directly on the regeneration device.
  • Such a variant has the advantage of not providing an exhaust line having a recirculation circuit of the hot air stream towards the regeneration device after passing through the filtering means.
  • Another interest is related to security. Indeed, the hot air stream reaching relatively high temperatures (of the order of 500 ° C), by radiation, the vehicle is stopped, the entire particle filter can excessively heat the engine parts or surrounding bodywork.
  • the temperature of the filtration means is raised to more than 210 ° C by placing the hot air flow against the current, so as to cause the combustion of all the particles impregnated with ammonium nitrate. It may be advisable to follow particularly the exit temperature of the vein, so as to be able to control the regeneration and, if necessary, be able to slow down the phenomenon by increasing the air flow very significantly.
  • an ultimate evolution of this variant may consist in making final successive injections of aerosol at a temperature of about 200 ° C to finish the regeneration of the filter until no combustion phenomenon.
  • the advantage of the use of the ammonium nitrate solution lies mainly in the fact that it makes it possible to greatly reduce the time required for the regeneration of the filtration means.
  • the aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate used can be made from ammonitrate ammonium nitrate, used as a fertilizer and available at very attractive costs.
  • the ammonium nitrate is freed from the anti-flaking additives it contains such as calcium and magnesium carbonates.
  • the ammonium nitrate is dissolved in a solvent, which is preferably water.
  • ammonium nitrate concentration in the solution is below the saturation threshold of water at 0 ° C, ie less than 128 g / 100 ml. Preferably, this concentration will be less than 100 g / 100 ml.
  • the solution may contain only ammonium nitrate. However, it may be judiciously added soluble salts of alkali, alkaline earth metal, metal in the form of nitrates or acetates or other anions without inconvenience in this aqueous solution.
  • a mixture of iron nitrate, calcium nitrate and cerium nitrate may be conveniently added to the ammonium nitrate solution, each of these constituents having a metal concentration of 1 gram per liter.
  • composition of the solution is chosen so as to have the best reactivity with respect to the oxidation temperature of the carbonaceous materials.
  • Example Use of the method according to the invention on a bus equipped with a 10-liter diesel engine operating in urban use.
  • the reference pressure P r corresponding to the maximum degree of clogging of the filter, at which the regeneration must take place, is set at 200 mbar.
  • an injection of the ammonium nitrate solution has been programmed for 3 minutes corresponding to an injection of 150 cm 3 of the ammonium nitrate solution, which is a quantity sufficient to wet and impregnate all particles trapped on the filter.
  • the temperature rise of the exhaust gas first causes vaporization of the water contained in the solution and crystallization of the ammonium nitrate. This results in a dispersion of the formed ammonium nitrate crystals. The latter then melt at a temperature above 165 ° C and transform into a very fluid liquid that has excellent wettability with the carbon particles retained on the filter. A homogeneous paste of carbon particles and ammonium nitrate is formed.
  • This homogeneous paste ignites itself above 210 ° C, which corresponds to the decomposition temperature of ammonium nitrate, causing the combustion, step by step, of about 90% of the carbon particles. retained on the filter.

Claims (19)

  1. Verfahren zum Regenerieren einer Vorrichtung zum Filtern der von einem Motor (10) erzeugten Abgase, wobei das Verfahren von dem Typ derjenigen Verfahren ist, bei denen auf einer Filtereinrichtung (22) der Filtervorrichtung zurückgehaltene Partikel infolge der Einwirkung eines Verbrennungskatalysators verbrannt werden,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß es im wesentlichen darin besteht, eine wässrige Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat zu verwenden, um die Verbrennung der Partikel hervorzurufen.
  2. Verfahren nach dem vorherigen Anspruch,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß es die folgenden Schritte umfaßt:
    - Messen einer Temperatur θm in der Filtervorrichtung,
    - Vergleichen von θm mit einer Temperatur θr, die der Temperatur entspricht, welche aufeinanderfolgend die Verdampfung des Lösungsmittels und das Auskristallisieren des Ammoniumnitrats, das Erschmelzen der gebildeten Kristalle und die Verbrennung der Kohlenstoffpartikel mittels Zersetzung des Ammoniumnitrats ermöglicht.
    - falls θm höher als oder gleich θr ist, Auslösen einer Einspritzung der wässrigen Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat mittels einer geeigneten Einspritzeinrichtung in die Filtervorrichtung während einer vorgegebenen Zeitdauer, damit die vollständige Verbrennung der auf der Filtereinrichtung (22) zurückgehaltenen Partikel herbeigeführt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß es ferner in folgendem besteht:
    - Messen eines Drucks Pm im Inneren der Filtervorrichtung, wobei der Druck Pm den Grad der Verstopfung der Filtereinrichtung (22) durch die Partikel repräsentiert,
    - Messen der Temperatur θm,
    - Vergleichen des Drucks Pm mit einem Referenzdruck Pr, der dem höchsten akzeptablen Verstopfungsgrad entspricht,
    - falls Pm höher als oder gleich dem Druck Pr ist, Vergleichen von θm mit θr,
    - falls θm höher als oder gleich θr ist, Auslösen der Einspritzung der wässrigen Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß es einen vorausgehenden Schritt umfaßt, der darin besteht, eine Einspritzung von Ammoniumnitrat in die Filtervorrichtung auszulösen, wenn die Temperatur θm niedriger als oder gleich θr ist, so daß das in wässriger Form vorliegende Ammoniumnitrat die auf der Filtereinrichtung abgelagerten Partikel auf homogene Weise imprägniert.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Einspritzung von Ammoniumnitrat ausgelöst wird, wenn Pm höher als oder gleich dem Druck Pr ist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß es darin besteht, eine Vorrichtung zum Regenerieren von Filtereinrichtungen ex situ anzuwenden, und die folgenden Schritte umfaßt:
    - Verbinden der Filtereinrichtung (22) mit einer Vorrichtung zum Regenerieren solcher Einrichtungen,
    - Einspritzen einer wässrigen Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat in die Filtereinrichtung (22) im Gegenstrom, so daß diese die auf der Filtereinrichtung (22) zurückgehaltenen Partikel imprägniert, und
    - Erzeugen eines Heißluft-Gegenstroms in der Filtereinrichtung (22), so daß die Temperatur im Inneren der Filtereinrichtung auf eine Temperatur gebracht wird, die mindestens gleich der Zersetzungstemperatur von Ammoniumnitrat ist, um die Verbrennung der auf der Filtereinrichtung zurückgehaltenen Partikel und ihre Ablösung einzuleiten.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß es einen zusätzlichen Schritt aufweist, der darin besteht, eine oder mehrere aufeinander folgende Einspritzungen der wässrigen Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat im Gegenstrom in die Filtereinrichtung (22) vorzunehmen, die auf einer Temperatur gehalten wird, die zumindest gleich der Zersetzungstemperatur von Ammoniumnitrat ist.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die wässrige Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat eine Konzentration von Ammoniumnitrat aufweist, die geringer als 128 g/100 ml ist und bevorzugt zwischen 10g und 100 g/100 ml liegt.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die wässrige Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat auch lösliche Salze von Alkalimetallen, Erdalkalimetallen, Metallen in Form von Nitraten, Acetaten oder anderen Anionen mit Konzentrationen von weniger als 10 g/Liter umfaßt.
  10. Filtervorrichtung, welche die Anwendung des Regenerationsverfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 ermöglicht,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß sie im wesentlichen eine Einrichtung (22) zum Filtern der Abgase, die in einer Reaktionskammer (18) im Strömungsverlauf der von einem Motor (10) erzeugten Abgase enthalten ist, und eine mit der Reaktionskammer (18) verbundene Einrichtung zum Einspritzen der Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat aufweist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß sie ferner eine elektronische Vorrichtung (28) aufweist, welche die Einrichtung zum Einspritzen der Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat steuert.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß sie ferner mindestens einen im Inneren der Reaktionskammer (18) angeordneten Temperaturfühler (24) aufweist, der geeignet ist, die Temperatur θm in ihrem Inneren zu messen, und der mit der elektronischen Steuervorrichtung (28) verbunden ist.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß sie ferner mindestens einen im Inneren der Kammer (18) angeordneten Druckfühler (26) aufweist, der geeignet ist, den Druck Pm in ihrem Inneren zu messen, und der mit der elektronischen Steuervorrichtung (28) verbunden ist.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Einrichtung zum Einspritzen der Lösung von Ammoniumnitrat im wesentlichen einen Vorratsbehälter (40) für die Lösung aufweist, der mit einer Düse (38) zum Einspritzen der Lösung ins Innere der Reaktionskammer (18) auf der Höhe der Filtereinrichtung (22) verbunden ist.
  15. Filtervorrichtung nach Anspruch 14,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Einspritzdüse (38) einerseits über eine erste Leitung (36), welche den Vorratsbehälter (40) mit der Düse (38) verbindet, mit Ammoniumnitratlösung und andererseits über eine zweite Leitung (34), welche die Düse (38) mit dem Motor (10) verbindet, mit Druckluft versorgt wird.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 14 oder 15,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Leitungen (36, 34), welche die Einspritzdüse (38) mit dem Vorratsbehälter (40) für die Ammoniumnitratlösung bzw. mit dem Motor (10) verbinden, jeweils mit einem Elektroventil (32, 30) ausgerüstet sind, das von der elektronischen Steuervorrichtung (28) gesteuert wird.
  17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 16,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß sie ferner eine Katalysatoreinrichtung (20) für die Verbrennung der auf der Filtereinrichtung zurückgehaltenen Partikel aufweist.
  18. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 17,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Katalysatoreinrichtung (20) aus einem Träger besteht, auf dem ein Oxidationskatalysator fixiert ist.
  19. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 18,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die Filtereinrichtung (22) aus mindestens einer Anordnung mit mindestens einer Filtereinheit gebildet ist.
EP02799087A 2001-12-03 2002-12-03 Verfahren zum kühlen von teilchenfiltern durch einspritzen von ammoniumnitrtat und vorrichtung dafür Expired - Lifetime EP1461515B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0115598 2001-12-03
FR0115598A FR2833036B1 (fr) 2001-12-03 2001-12-03 Procede de regeneration de filtres a particules par injection de nitrate d'ammonium et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
PCT/FR2002/004145 WO2003048534A1 (fr) 2001-12-03 2002-12-03 Procede de regeneration de filtres a particules par injection de nitrate d'ammonium et dispositif de mise en oeuvre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1461515A1 EP1461515A1 (de) 2004-09-29
EP1461515B1 true EP1461515B1 (de) 2006-09-27

Family

ID=8870046

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02799087A Expired - Lifetime EP1461515B1 (de) 2001-12-03 2002-12-03 Verfahren zum kühlen von teilchenfiltern durch einspritzen von ammoniumnitrtat und vorrichtung dafür

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1461515B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002364313A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60215052T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2833036B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003048534A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2873157B1 (fr) * 2004-07-13 2008-04-25 Faurecia Sys Echappement Procede et dispositif de regeneration d'un filtre a particules d'une ligne d'echappement d'un moteur diesel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA990073A (en) * 1973-03-27 1976-06-01 Polar Chemicals Limited Method for the removal of soot and like deposits
DE3325391A1 (de) 1983-07-14 1985-01-24 Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh, 7140 Ludwigsburg Verfahren zum beseitigen von russ aus den abgasen einer brennkraftmaschine
FR2787343A1 (fr) 1998-12-18 2000-06-23 Finecor Procede et installation de regeneration d'un filtre a particules d'un moteur diesel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1461515A1 (de) 2004-09-29
AU2002364313A1 (en) 2003-06-17
WO2003048534A1 (fr) 2003-06-12
FR2833036B1 (fr) 2004-02-13
DE60215052T2 (de) 2007-04-19
FR2833036A1 (fr) 2003-06-06
DE60215052D1 (de) 2006-11-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1588032B1 (de) Verfahren zur nacheinspritzung von zur regenerierung geeigneten kohlenwasserstoffen, alkohole und/oder reduktionsmittel (z.b. diesel-kraftstoff und/oder harnstoff und/oder ammoniakalische lösung) zur regeneration von abgasfiltersystemen in dieselmotoren
FR2928176A1 (fr) Procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules pour moteur a essence et ensemble d'echappement associe
FR2902137A1 (fr) Bruleur et procede pour la regeneration de cartouches de filtration et dispositifs equipes d'un tel bruleur
FR2865240A1 (fr) Installation d'epuration des gaz d'echappement avec un filtre a particules et un absorbeur pour les oxydes d'azote, ainsi qu'un procede de mise en oeuvre de cette installation
EP1581727B1 (de) Unterstützungssystem zur regeneration einesteilchenfilters in einer auslassleitung eines dieselmotors
FR2471806A1 (fr) Procede destine a regenerer periodiquement un filtre retenant des particules en suspension dans des gaz d'echappement, et appareil permettant sa mise en oeuvre
FR2876414A1 (fr) Systeme et procede de traitement aval des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
FR2831923A1 (fr) Systeme et procede de purification de gaz d'echappement destines a un moteur a combustion interne
CA2458983C (fr) Procede de regeneration d'un dispositif de filtration des gaz d'echappement pour moteur diesel et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
EP1461515B1 (de) Verfahren zum kühlen von teilchenfiltern durch einspritzen von ammoniumnitrtat und vorrichtung dafür
EP1503052B1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine
FR3081921A1 (fr) Ligne d’echappement de moteur thermique comprenant un element de chauffage amont
EP1223312B1 (de) Abgasnachbehandlungssystem für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Verfahren zur Regelung eines solchen Systems
WO2008053105A1 (fr) Ligne d'echappement d'un moteur diesel et procede de regeneration d'un filtre a particules
EP1448882B1 (de) Filtervorrichtung für dieselmotoren abgase mit einem integrierten katalytischen trägermaterial
FR2873157A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de regeneration d'un filtre a particules d'une ligne d'echappement d'un moteur diesel
EP3369905A1 (de) Kraftfahrzeug integrierend eine vorrichtung zur nachbehandlung von abgasen eines verbrennungsmotors
WO2001046568A2 (fr) Dispositif de regeneration d'un filtre a particules d'une ligne d'echappement d'un moteur diesel
WO2006010869A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de reduction/elimination de la quantite de particules contenues dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
FR3043430B1 (fr) Dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d’echappement d’un moteur thermique
FR2927657A3 (fr) Alimentation en carburant du systeme d'admission de reducteurs dans l'echappement et dispositif de depollution des gaz d'echappement d'un vehicule automobile.
FR3120094A1 (fr) Ligne d’echappement de moteur thermique comprenant des elements de chauffage
FR2948970A1 (fr) Dispositif d'injection d'air, ligne d'echappement equipee d'un tel dispositf et procede de chauffage d'un organe de depollution place dans la ligne d'echappement
FR2865239A1 (fr) Dispositif de filtration des gaz d'echappement pour moteur diesel associant un additif de combustion compose de nano-particules et un filtre a particules a surface de filtration variable
EP1489275A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Einbringung eines Additivs für Brennkraftmaschinen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20040607

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 60215052

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20061109

Kind code of ref document: P

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20070628

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PUEA

Owner name: CRMT

Free format text: CRMT#3, CHEMIN DE LA BROCARDIERE#69570 DARDILLY (FR) -TRANSFER TO- CRMT#3, CHEMIN DE LA BROCARDIERE#69570 DARDILLY (FR) $ JEAN-CLAUDE FAYARD#44 TER, RUE DU PROFESSEUR FLORENCE#69003 LYON (FR)

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20101227

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20110113

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20110111

Year of fee payment: 9

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20110117

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20110120

Year of fee payment: 9

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20111203

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20120831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 60215052

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120703

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20111231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20111231

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120703

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20111203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20111203

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120102